RU2773898C1 - Method for manufacturing a building block - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: building.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of building, namely, to methods for manufacturing three-dimensional building blocks of varying geometry using removable formwork. The method consists in interconnecting the formwork elements, closing the internal volume from all sides. The shape of the inner surface of the formwork is set, and a settable compound is fed into the volume. After the product reached the strength sufficient for removal thereof from the mould, the product is removed by detaching the formwork elements. A lower plate installed on the assembly table, side elements installed with the end surfaces thereof on the lower plate along the perimeter, and an upper plate laid on the end surfaces of the side plates opposite to the end surfaces in contact with the lower plate, are therein used as formwork elements. At least one element of the mould therein comprises at least one shaping surface. The settable moulding compound is poured into the closed mould volume. The volume of the poured compound is therein greater than the volume of the material of the finished product in the range from 1 to 65%, preferably from 5 to 15%, and most preferably 10%. A pressure of at least 9 kPa is applied to the settable compound in the mould by introducing at least one submersible element and fixing until the product reaches the strength sufficient for removal thereof. The filling mould comprises at least one channel, the cross-sectional shape whereof relative to the axis passing through the centres of the channel base in the central part thereof is selected from a group consisting of a circle, oval, square, rectangle, triangle, trapezoid, or combinations thereof, intended for introducing the submersible element, in the course of submersion whereof the required pressure of the compound is created in the closed mould volume. The settable compound is held. After the strength sufficient for removal is reached, the resulting product is removed by detaching the mould elements.

EFFECT: increase in the quality of monolithic concrete blocks with improved strength characteristics and stability of the geometry in batch production.

10 cl, 35 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of construction, namely, to methods for manufacturing volumetric building blocks of different geometry using a removable formwork.

Known methods for the production of concrete products, widely used around the world: for example, pressing a semi-dry mixture (based on the application of external pressure at the time of production) and concrete casting in a flask (a natural crystallization process). Flask casting allows to obtain precise high-strength concrete structures with elements of internal reinforcement. In this process, full-fledged crystals are formed and concrete has the opportunity to gain optimal strength properties.

A known METHOD FOR CASTING CONCRETE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CONCRETE PRODUCTS according to the patent of the Russian Federation 2268141 publ 07/10/2006, in which concrete is poured into at least one formwork form, from a material that can be compacted by compression and then crushed, and the specified formwork form contains an upper a shuttering half-mold and a lower shuttering half-mould, wherein the lower shuttering half-mold contains an imprint of a part of the product, and the upper shuttering half-mold contains a complementary part of the product and a sprue channel, consisting of one or more sprues for gravity casting and one or more air outlet channels, or in a variant, the lower shuttering half-mold contains an imprint of a part of the product and a sprue channel consisting of one or more sprues for casting with a siphon, and the upper formwork half-mould contains a complementary part of the product and one or more air outlet channels.

METHOD OF FORMING A CONCRETE BLOCK according to the patent for the invention of the Russian Federation No. 2197376 publ 01/27/2003 includes laying the mixture for the base into a mold, laying the dry mixture for the outer layer into the mold, joint pressing of the mixtures for the base and the mixture for the outer layer simultaneously with a sealing force, by means of which pressure on the mixture for the base and on the mixture for the outer layer during the pressing process,

METHOD OF MANUFACTURING CONCRETE PRODUCTS according to RF patent 2243882 publ 01/10/2005, in which the concrete mixture is kept in temperature and humidity conditions. The disadvantages of concrete include low production productivity and the difficulty of automating processes.

The disadvantages include: very weak geometry customization; lower strength (there is no full-fledged crystal formation process); there is practically no possibility of integration of reinforcing elements working in tension; low accuracy of the resulting block sizes; lack of sufficient repeatability/stability of geometry and strength characteristics.

When developing the production of concrete blocks, it is necessary to implement a technological process that will ensure the stability of mass production of cast high-strength blocks of complexly variable geometry.

Known (see RF patent No. 2046037 C1, pub., 20.10.1995) METHOD OF MANUFACTURING HIGH-PRECISION BUILDING BLOCKS, which consists in connecting the formwork elements to each other, closing the internal volume from all sides, setting the shape of the inner surface of the formwork and serving inside the closed the volume of the molding composition, after solidification of which the resulting block is removed by separating the formwork elements. This source describes a method according to which a monolithic volumetric concrete block with a bottom and four enclosing walls is made using a folding formwork rod with a hard coating mirror, four corner posts or corner elements, at least four wall formwork panels, as well as movable external formwork walls. On the enclosing walls of the volumetric block in the areas opposite to the wall formwork shield, the cantilever strips protruding inward are monolithically concreted and, when the formwork rod is folded, the wall formwork panels are first pulled up to a distance greater than the protrusion of the cantilever strip, and then the corner posts are retracted to a distance less than the difference in the protrusion of the cantilever planks and the distance to which the wall formwork panels are pulled.

The disadvantages include: very weak geometry customization; low strength (there is no full-fledged process of crystal formation); there is practically no possibility of integration of reinforcing elements working in tension; low accuracy of the resulting block sizes; lack of sufficient repeatability/stability of geometry and strength characteristics.

When developing the production of concrete blocks, it is necessary to implement a technological process that will ensure the stability of mass production of cast high-strength blocks of complexly variable geometry.

The technical problem is to eliminate the noted shortcomings.

The technical result of the claimed invention is to improve the quality of monolithic concrete blocks with improved strength characteristics and geometry stability in mass production. And also in reducing the number of voids in the body of concrete products and increasing the compressive strength by holding the mass of the concrete product under pressure inside the concrete mixture.

Holding concrete under pressure using this technology will make it possible to obtain significantly better concrete products with improved strength characteristics, based on the normative documents EN 13369, EN 206-1 and GOST 13015-2012, with the characteristics of concrete surfaces of categories A1 at which the depth of concrete chipping on the surface of the product less than 2 mm or absent, and also there are no shrinkage and other surface technological cracks.

The problem posed is solved, and the technical result is achieved by the fact that in the manufacture of high-precision building blocks, the formwork elements are connected to each other, closing the internal volume, setting the shape of the internal surface of the formwork and feeding a composition capable of hardening into the internal volume after the product has reached strength sufficient for its extraction from the mold, the product is removed from the resulting block by separating the formwork elements

As formwork elements, a bottom plate mounted on the assembly table, side elements mounted with their end surfaces on the bottom plate, as well as the top plate laid on the end surfaces of the side plates, opposite to the end surfaces in contact with the bottom plate, are used, while at least one form element contains at least one forming surface. Next, the composition capable of hardening is poured into the closed volume of the mold, while the volume of the composition being poured is greater than the volume of the material of the final product in the range from 1 to 65%, more preferably from 5 to 15% and most preferably 10%, pressure is applied at least 9 kPa per composition capable of hardening inside the mold, by introducing at least one submersible element, fixing it until the product gains strength sufficient to remove it.

The pouring mold contains at least one channel, the cross-sectional shape of which, relative to its axis passing through the centers of the channel base in its central part, is selected from the group consisting of a circle, oval, square, rectangle, triangle, trapezoid, or combinations thereof and intended for input of the submersible element, during the immersion of which the required pressure of the composition is created inside the closed volume of the mold, then the composition capable of hardening is held, and after gaining strength sufficient for extraction, the resulting product is removed by separating the mold elements.

The submersible element used to create pressure during the formation of the product is made in the form of a threaded, screw or smooth rod and the cross-sectional shape of the submersible element relative to its axis passing through the centers of the base of the submersible element in its central part is selected from the group consisting of a circle, oval, square , rectangle, triangle, trapezoid, or combinations thereof, while the immersion depth is determined by the distance of the input of a given immersion element between the projection of a plane made perpendicular to the axis of the channel passing through the centers of the channel base in its central part and the surface of the immersion element in contact with the composition inside the closed volume of the form, depth immersion is from 10 to 500 mm, and most preferably 100 mm.

When implementing the method, at least one of the forming surfaces is made with a complex texture containing protruding elements.

The mold elements are designed in such a way that, when assembling the mold, it is possible to fix the embedded elements in the space formed by the formwork and designed to fasten the products relative to each other.

At least one element of the mold for pouring consists of two parts, one of which contains the forming surface of the product, and the second is a structural element of the mold for pouring, while the element forming the surface of the product is attached to the surface of the mold design element by means of a detachable connection.

The movement of the side elements along the surfaces of the lower and upper elements of the mold for pouring is prevented by performing elements on their surfaces in the form of interacting protrusions on one surface and depressions on the other.

A curable composition is cured in a mold under pressure until strength is sufficient for extraction under natural conditions using heat from the exothermic reaction of the composition with water.

The product after extraction from the mold does not require further processing.

The temperature of the mixture poured into the assembled mold is at least in the range of 20 ^° C to 70 ^° C.

THE INVENTION IS EXPLAINED BY THE DRAWINGS.

In FIG. 1 is a general view of an example of the implementation of the invention - an assembled form, where the lower element is 1, the upper element is 3, the side element is 2, the submersible element is 4;

in fig. 2 – mold assembly, with the submersible element 4 fixed in the lower position, where the lower element is 1, the upper element is 3, the side element is 2;

in fig. 3 - form in the disassembled state, with the submersible element fixed in the lower position, where the lower element is 1, the upper element is 3, the side element is 2, the submersible element is 4;

in fig. 4 - version of the side element - 2, with two forming surfaces - 5;

in fig. 5 - version of the side element - 2, with a forming surface - 5;

in fig. 6 - version of the side element - 2, with forming surface - 5 made separately. To increase the positioning accuracy of the forming surface relative to the side element, tongue-and-groove joints - 6 are made on both mold elements. On the upper and lower ends of the side element, tongue-and-groove joints - 7 are made for positioning and mounting the side element relative to the lower and upper elements. The prefabricated structure of the side element is made for the possibility of replacement when realizing the required surface of the side part of the product;

in fig. 7 - version of the lower element - 1 with a forming surface - 5. On the upper plane of the lower element, tongue-and-groove joints - 7 are made for positioning and mounting the side elements relative to the lower element. The prefabricated structure of the lower element is made for the possibility of replacement when realizing the required surface of the lower part of the product;

in fig. 8 – version of the lower element – 1 with forming surface – 5 made separately. To improve the positioning accuracy of the forming surface relative to the lower element, tongue-and-groove joints - 6 are made on both mold elements. On the upper plane of the lower element, tongue-and-groove joints - 7 are made for positioning and mounting the side elements relative to the lower element. The prefabricated structure of the lower element is made for the possibility of replacement when realizing the required surface of the lower part of the product;

in fig. 9 - shows a version of the upper element - 3 with a forming surface - 5. On the lower plane of the upper element, tongue-and-groove joints - 7 are made for positioning and mounting the upper element relative to the side elements. The prefabricated structure of the upper element is made for the possibility of replacement when realizing the required surface of the upper part of the product;

in fig. 10 - version of the upper element - 3, with forming surface - 5 made separately. To improve the positioning accuracy of the forming surface relative to the lower element, tongue-and-groove joints - 6 are made on both mold elements. On the lower plane of the upper element, tongue-and-groove joints - 7 are made for positioning and mounting the upper element relative to the side elements. The prefabricated structure of the upper element is made for the possibility of replacement when realizing the required surface of the upper part of the product;

in fig. 11 - shows the method of manufacturing a block;

in fig. 12 - an assembly version of the mold. On the lower form element - 1, side elements - 2 are installed, inside which the upper form element - 3 is inserted, with a submersible element - 4;

in fig. 13 - a variant of the form in a disassembled state. On the lower form element - 1, side elements - 2 are installed, inside which the upper form element is inserted - 3, with a submersible element - 4;

in fig. 14 is a general view of an example of the execution of the form, where the lower element of the form is 1, the upper element of the form is 3, the side elements are 2, the submersible element is 4, the fixing elements are 9;

in fig. 15 - a form with spaced parts is shown, where the lower form element is 1, the upper form element is 3, the side elements are 2, the immersion element is 4, the forming surface of the form is 5, the tenon-groove joints for mounting and positioning the form elements are 7 , channels of the upper element of the mold for pouring the mixture - 8. fixing elements of the mold - 9;

in fig. 16 - assembly of a variant of the invention. The lower element is installed - 1 on the assembly table. Fixing elements are mounted on the lower element of the form - 9. To lay the reinforcing studs of the future block into the form, special equipment (“rig”) is used, which temporarily holds the reinforcing studs until all four side elements are installed in the form;

in fig. 17 - assembly of the lower element of the form and the forming plane. It is installed on the lower element - 1, the forming plane - 5 to form the lower surface of the product. In the most preferred embodiment, the attachment of the forming surface 5 can be performed using magnets. To improve the positioning accuracy of the forming plane relative to the lower element, tongue-and-groove joints - 6 are made on both elements;

in fig. 18 - assembly of the side element and the forming surface. The assembly of the side element - 2 and the forming surface - 5, takes place in the most preferred version using screw fastening - 10. To improve the positioning accuracy of the forming surface relative to the mold elements, tongue-and-groove joints - 6 are made on both elements;

in fig. 19 - assembled side element - 2, with forming surface - 5;

in fig. 20 - installation of side elements on the lower element with forming planes. on the lower element - 1 with a forming surface - 5, side elements - 2, with a forming surface - 5 are placed in series.

in fig. 21 - assembled lower element - 1, with a forming plane - 5 and side elements - 2, with a forming plane - 5;

in fig. 22 - assembly of the upper element and the forming surface., assembly of the upper element - 3 and the forming surface - 5, occurs in the most preferred version using screw fastening - 10;

in fig. 23 - upper element - 3 assembled with forming surface - 5;

in fig. 24 - installation of the upper element on the side elements with forming planes. On the side elements - 2, the upper element is installed - 3 with a forming surface - 5;

in fig. 25 - complete mold: lower element - 1, side elements - 2, upper element - 3;

in fig. 26 - lower - 1 and upper elements - 3 are pulled together by special fixing elements - 9, thereby clamping the side elements - 2 together. The form takes on the strength necessary for further work;

in fig. 27 - the mixture is injected under pressure from the automatic dispenser into the holes of the upper mold element - 8 (holes for the immersion element). Each product has an exact volume-weight norm of the supplied mixture, specific to it. The mixture is injected heated in the most preferred embodiment to 80 ^° C;

in fig. 28 - submersible elements are installed on the upper element of the form - 3 - 4. They are alternately screwed into the upper element - 3;

in fig. 29 - shows the method of manufacturing the product;

in fig. 30 - submersible elements are removed from the mold - 4;

in fig. 31 - form without submersible elements - 4;

in fig. 32 - fixing elements are unscrewed - 9 and the upper element is dismantled - 3;

in fig. 33 - product - 11 together with side elements - 2 is removed from the bottom element - 1;

in fig. 34 - side elements of the form - 2 are alternately separated from the almost finished product - 11;

in fig. 35 - side elements of the form - 2 separated from the almost finished product - 11.

EXAMPLE OF IMPLEMENTATION OF THE METHOD

Stage 1. An embodiment of the invention .

Assembly start. On fig. 11, the lower mold element is installed - 1 on the assembly table, with 1 forming surface - 5, with tenon-groove joints - 7 for mounting and positioning the side mold elements. To lay the fasteners of the future product in the form, a special tooling (“rig”) is used, which temporarily holds the fasteners until all the side elements of the form are installed.

Stage 2. Installation of the side elements of the form - 2 on the lower element of the form - 1. In Fig. 11 on the lower element of the form - 1, with a forming surface - 5, with tongue-and-groove joints for mounting and positioning the side elements of the form - 7, in series side elements of form 2 are placed, with a forming surface - 5.

Stage 3. Installation of the upper form element - 3 on the side elements of the form - 2 with a forming surface - 5. In fig. 11 on the side elements of the form - 5, the upper element of the form is installed - 3 with the forming surface - 5, with tongue-and-groove joints - 7 for mounting and positioning the upper form element relative to the side ones.

Stage 4. Pouring the mixture into the mold. On fig. 11, a mixture is fed into the mold, which is injected under pressure from an automatic dispenser into the holes of the upper mold element - 8. Each product has an exact volume-weight norm of the supplied mixture, specific to it. The mixture is injected heated in the most preferred embodiment to 70 ^° C.

Stage 5. In fig. 11 on the upper form element - 3, immersed elements - 4 are installed. In the next operation, immersed elements - 4 are screwed in to failure, plunging by approximately 100 mm. Submersible elements - 4 create in the mold the internal pressure of the mixture in the most preferred embodiment up to 10 MPa. Submersible elements choose volume by compressing air bubbles in the concrete mixture. Statistically mixed concrete typically has about 10% voids. Stage 6. Strengthening. The product is kept under pressure for 2 hours, gaining primary strength. To do this, the form with the product move along the tunnel gallery. The increased temperature and moisture of the mixture creates a steaming effect for the hardening product, since moisture cannot enter the interior of the mold. The process of crystallization of the mixture is greatly accelerated.

Stage 7. Disassembly of the form. On fig. 11, after exposure, the immersed elements are removed from the assembled mold - 4.

Stage 8. Disassembly of the form. On fig. 11, the top element of the form is dismantled - 3. The top element is sent for cleaning.

Stage 9. Disassembly of the form. In Fig. 11, in the next operation, the product with side mold elements - 2 is removed from the lower mold element - 1. To do this, the lower element is temporarily fixed, and the product with side mold elements - 2 is lifted strictly in the vertical direction. Next, the lower form element is sent to the sink.

Stage 10. Disassembly of the form. On fig. 11 side elements of the form - 2 are alternately separated from the almost finished product. At the moment of removing the movement strictly along the normal to the surface of the product. The side elements of the form are also sent to the sink.

Option 2 implementation of the invention.

Stage 1. Beginning of assembly. In FIG. 16 the lower element is installed - 1 on the assembly table. Fixing elements can be mounted on the bottom element of the form - 9. To lay the reinforcing studs of the future block into the form, special equipment (“rig”) is used, which temporarily holds the reinforcing studs until all four are installed.

Stage 2. Assembly of the lower mold element and the forming surface. In FIG. 17 is installed on the lower element - 1, the forming surface - 5, to form the bottom surface of the product. In the most preferred embodiment, the fastening of the forming surface can be performed using magnets. To improve the positioning accuracy of the forming surface relative to the lower element, tongue-and-groove joints - 6 are made on both elements.

Stage 3. Assembly of the side element and the forming surface. In Fig.18, the assembly of the side element - 2 and the forming surface - 5, takes place in the most preferred embodiment using screw fastening - 10. To improve the positioning accuracy of the forming surface relative to the form element, thorn-groove connections are made on both elements - 6. On fig. 19 shows the assembled side element - 2, with the forming surface - 5.

Stage 4. Installation of the side forms on the lower element with forming planes. In Fig.20, on the lower element of the form - 1, with a forming plane - 5, side elements - 2, with a forming plane - 5 are sequentially placed. The bottom element - 1 and the side elements - 2 at the junctions have an element positioning them relative to each other 7. In FIG. 21 shows the assembled lower mold element - 1, with a forming plane - 5 and side elements - 2, with a forming plane - 5.

Stage 5. Assembly of the upper element and the forming surface. In FIG. 22, the assembly of the upper element - 3 and the forming surface - 5, takes place in the most preferred version using screw fastening - 10. To improve the positioning accuracy of the forming surface relative to the upper element, tongue-and-groove joints are made on both elements of the form - 6. Prefabricated structure made for the possibility of replacement when realizing the required surface of the upper part of the product. In FIG. 23 shows the upper element - 3 assembled with the forming surface - 5.

Step 6. Installing the top element on the side elements with forming planes. In FIG. 24 on the side elements - 2, the upper element - 3 with the forming surface - 5 is installed. and fig. 25 shows the assembled mold: bottom element - 1, side elements - 2, top element - 3. FIG. 26, the lower - 1 and upper elements - 3 are pulled together by special fixing elements -9, thereby clamping the side elements - 2 together. The form takes on the strength necessary for further work.

Stage 7. Pouring the mixture into the mold. In FIG. 27 the form is fed to the working vibrating table of the pouring position. The mixture is injected under pressure from an automatic dispenser into the holes of the upper mold element - 8 (holes for the immersion element). Each product has an exact volume-weight norm of the supplied mixture, specific to it. The mixture is injected heated in the most preferred embodiment to 80 ^° C.

Stage 8. Submersible elements. In FIG. 28 on the upper form element - 3, submersible elements - 4 are installed. They are alternately pre-screwed into the upper form element - 3. At the next operation, the submersible elements are screwed in to failure, plunging approximately 20 mm in the most preferred form. The submersible elements are screwed in while the vibrating table is running. Submersible elements - 4 create in the form of an internal pressure of the mixture up to 10 MPa. Submersible elements choose volume by compressing air bubbles in the mixture. A statistically mixed mixture, such as concrete, typically has on the order of 10% voids. Holding concrete under pressure using this technology will make it possible to obtain significantly higher quality concrete castings with improved strength characteristics.

Stage 9. Strengthening. The blocks are kept under pressure for 2 hours, gaining primary strength. To do this, the forms with products move along the tunnel gallery. The increased temperature and moisture of the mixture creates a steaming effect for hardening concrete, since moisture cannot leave the product. The process of crystallization of the mixture is greatly accelerated.

Stage 10. Parsing the form. In FIG. 30, after exposure, immersion elements are removed from the mold - 4. In Fig. 31 molds without immersion elements - 4.

Stage 11. Parsing the form. In FIG. 32, the fixing elements of the form are unscrewed - 9 and the upper element of the form is dismantled - 3. The upper element is sent for cleaning to the tunnel sink.

Stage 12. Disassembly of the form. On Fig.33 on the next product - 11, together with the side elements of the form - 2 is removed from the lower element of the form - 1. To do this, the lower element is temporarily fixed, and the product - 11 with the side elements - 2 forms rises strictly in the vertical direction. Next, the lower form element is sent to the washing machine.

Stage 13. Disassembly of the form. In FIG. 34 and 35 the side elements of the form - 2 are alternately separated from the almost finished product - 11. At the moment of removal of the movement strictly along the normal to the surface of the product. Side elements -2 are also sent to the washing machine.

Examples

The submersible element used to create pressure in the concrete mixture during the formation of the product is introduced to a depth of 10 mm, while the immersion depth is determined by the distance of the input of this submersible element between the projection of the plane made perpendicular to the channel axis passing through the centers of the channel base in its central part and the surface of the submersible element, in contact with the composition inside the closed volume of the mold, at which a pressure of 9 kPa is created, as a result of which there are no shrinkage and other surface technological cracks, scales and cavities on all surfaces of the product. The immersion element selects volume by compressing air bubbles in the concrete mixture, which is reduced by 50%.

The submersible element used to create pressure in the concrete mixture during the formation of the product is not introduced to a depth of 100 mm, while the depth of immersion is determined by the distance of the input of this submersible element between the projection of the plane made perpendicular to the axis of the channel passing through the centers of the base of the channel in its central part and the surface of the submersible element , in contact with the composition inside the closed volume of the mold, at which a pressure of 6 MPa is created, as a result of which there are no shrinkage and other surface technological cracks on all surfaces of the product. The immersion element selects volume by compressing air bubbles in the concrete mixture, which is reduced by 80%.

The submersible element used to create pressure in the concrete mixture during the formation of the product is inserted to a depth of 500 mm, while the immersion depth is determined by the distance of the input of this submersible element between the projection of the plane made perpendicular to the channel axis passing through the centers of the channel base in its central part and the surface of the submersible element , in contact with the composition inside the closed volume of the form, at which a pressure of 12 MPa is created, as a result of which there are no shrinkage and other surface technological cracks on all surfaces of the product. The immersion element selects volume by compressing air bubbles in the concrete mixture, which is reduced by 87%.

Thus, as a result of the implementation of the developed method, building products after demolding do not require further processing, the quality of monolithic concrete blocks with improved strength characteristics and geometry stability in mass production is improved.

Claims (10)

1. A method for manufacturing a building block, which consists in connecting the elements of the formwork together, closing the internal volume on all sides, setting the shape of the internal surface of the formwork and feeding a composition capable of hardening into the volume after the product has reached strength sufficient to remove it from forms, the product is removed by separating the formwork elements, characterized in that the bottom plate installed on the assembly table, the side elements installed with their end surfaces on the bottom plate along its perimeter, as well as the top plate laid on the end surfaces of the side plates opposite to the end surfaces in contact with the bottom plate, while at least one mold element contains at least one forming surface, the molding composition capable of hardening is poured into the closed volume of the mold, while the volume of the poured composition is greater than the volume of the material and the final product in the range from 1 to 65%, preferably from 5 to 15% and most preferably 10%, apply a pressure of at least 9 kPa on the composition capable of hardening inside the mold by introducing at least one immersion element, fixing it until the product gains strength sufficient for its extraction, the pouring mold contains at least one channel, the cross-sectional shape of which relative to its axis passing through the centers of the channel base in its central part is selected from the group consisting of a circle, an oval, a square , rectangle, triangle, trapezium, or combinations thereof, designed to introduce an immersion element, during the immersion of which the required pressure of the composition is created inside the closed volume of the mold, then the composition capable of hardening is held, and after gaining strength sufficient for extraction, the resulting product is removed by separating form elements. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the submersible element is made in the form of a threaded, screw or smooth rod and the cross-sectional shape of the submersible element relative to its axis passing through the centers of the base of the submersible element in its central part is selected from the group consisting of circle, oval, square, rectangle, triangle, trapezoid, or combinations thereof. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the immersion depth is determined by the distance of the input of this submersible element between the projection of the plane, made perpendicular to the channel axis, passing through the centers of the channel base in its central part, and the surface of the submersible element in contact with the composition inside the closed volume shape, the immersion depth is from 10 mm to 500 mm and most preferably 100 mm. 4. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that at least one of the forming surfaces is made with protruding elements. 5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the mold elements are designed in such a way that, when assembling the mold, the embedded elements are fixed in the space formed by the formwork, designed to fasten the products relative to each other. 6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one element of the mold for pouring consists of two parts, one of which contains the forming surface of the product, and the second is a structural element of the mold for pouring, while the element that forms the surface of the product, are attached to the surface of the form structural element using a detachable connection. 7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the movement of the side elements along the surfaces of the lower and upper element of the pouring mold is prevented by performing elements on their surfaces in the form of interacting protrusions on one surface and depressions on the other. 8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the curing of the composition capable of hardening is carried out in a mold under pressure until strength is sufficient to be extracted in natural conditions using heat generation as a result of the exothermic reaction of the composition with water. 9. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the product after removal from the mold does not require further processing. 10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the temperature of the mixture poured into the assembled mold is at least in the range from 20 °C to 70 °C.

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