RU2756856C1 - Folding helicopter ladder - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: aviation.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of aviation, in particular to the structures of units for loading and unloading transport helicopters. The folding gangway consists of a front (1) and a rear (2) section. Each section of the ladder has a riveted structure. The frame of each section of the ladder consists of longitudinal corner sections (3 and 4), main walls (5), auxiliary front walls (6) and rear walls (7), T-profiles (8), diaphragms (9), racks (10) and knits (11). Both sections of the ladder have smooth plating (14 and 15) made of duralumin sheet, on which stud-rivets are located (16). The ladder sections are connected to each other using steel brackets (17 and 18) through bolts (19). The final fixation of the two sections of the ladder in the working position is carried out using special quick-release pins (20). The quick-release pins are attached to the ladder with cables (21) and hinges (22). The folding ladder is connected to the cargo floor of the helicopter through steel brackets (24), which are located in the front section of the ladder.

EFFECT: invention provides fast loading and unloading of equipment on wheels and troops, reducing the weight of the unit and its quick installation and dismantling.

3 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of aircraft construction and can be used in the design of helicopters for fast loading and unloading of vehicles on wheels and other cargoes from a helicopter, as well as for embarking and disembarking troops and carrying the sick and wounded on a stretcher.

Known cargo hatch (patent RU 2175623, В64С 1/24, publ. 10.11.2001), which is used in the construction of helicopters as a device for loading and transporting goods. The cargo hatch contains a ramp, which acts as a door sash and cargo ladder. The opening of the ramp for loading and unloading operations is carried out using hydraulic cylinders. The rolling of wheeled vehicles is carried out on the flooring formed by the lining of the inner side of the ramp, equipped with U-shaped profiles.

The disadvantage of this analogue is the very large weight of the structure, since a hydraulic system is needed to open and close the ramp. The presence of U-shaped profiles on the deck also increases the weight of the structure, you can trip over them and get injured. The use of a cargo hatch with a ramp is not possible in the design of helicopters that have cargo doors.

Known helicopter ladder (patent RU 36005, B64D 9/00, publ. 20.02.2004), which consists of a frame, steps, support on the fuselage platform and hooks of the ladder to the fuselage. The frame contains inclined front and rear frames, each of which is made of longitudinal rods rigidly connected to each other by jumpers, on which the steps are hinged. The ladder refers to the equipment of aircraft and is intended for embarking and disembarking passengers and paratroopers.

The disadvantage of this analogue is the impossibility of using this ladder for rolling and rolling out wheeled vehicles into a helicopter. This ladder can only be used for embarking and disembarking passengers and paratroopers. The design of this ladder does not have a smooth working surface on which a technician can enter. The ladder has a short length and thus does not provide the required angle of inclination of the ladder, in the working position, for rolling and rolling out equipment.

Known design of the cargo ladder of the helicopter (Danilov V.A. Helicopter Mi-8: - M: Transport, 1988, pp. 20-21, Fig. 18.). The ladder frame has a longitudinal and transverse strength set. The longitudinal strength set consists of two beams riveted from corner profiles and a wall. The upper chords of the outermost beams of the ladder are made of a T-profile. The transverse set consists of T-profiles and diaphragms. A smooth sheathing is riveted to the power set from above, and on top of the sheathing there are transverse U-shaped profiles to increase the rigidity of the flooring. In the working position, the ladder with the help of steel hooks is fixed with the front end in the steel sockets on the frame of the cargo floor, and with the rear end it is laid on the ground. In the stowed position, the ladder is laid and fixed on the floor at the side of the cargo compartment.

The disadvantage of this analogue, taken as a prototype, is the presence in the upper chords of the longitudinal beams of T-profiles, transverse U-shaped profiles on top of the skin, which increases the weight of the unit. When landing and disembarking troops, you can stumble over the U-shaped profiles and get injured. This ladder does not provide fast loading and unloading of vehicles on wheels from a helicopter, landing and disembarkation of troops, since it takes time to set the ladder to the working position, because in the stowed position the ladder is placed on the floor of the cargo compartment and is moored. The gangway has a large headroom and thus takes up a large volume in a helicopter. It is also a big disadvantage that the ladder in the stowed position is placed on the floor in the cargo compartment, and thus takes up useful space.

The technical problem, not solved in the known device, the solution of which is provided by the claimed invention, is to create a folding gangway with a low headroom, placed vertically and stationary in the stowed position in the cargo doors. There are no U-shaped profiles on the smooth planking of the ladder. In order to avoid slipping of the wheels of self-propelled vehicles when loading them on their own, there are special stud-rivets on the skins.

The technical result consists in the possibility of quickly unfolding the ladder from the stowed position to the working position and folding it into the stowed position, which allows quick loading and unloading of equipment samples on wheels and other cargoes from a helicopter, as well as reducing the weight of the unit by reducing the building height of the ladder.

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that in a folding ladder of a helicopter, containing a frame and sheathing, in accordance with the claimed invention, the ladder consists of two sections front 1 and rear 2, the longitudinal power set of each section consists of two beams, each beam consists of two longitudinal profiles of corner sections 3 and 4, main walls 5, auxiliary front walls 6 and rear walls 7, the transverse set consists of T-profiles 8, diaphragms 9, racks 10 and knits 11, the ladder is equipped with brackets 24, and hinges are also fixed to section 1 22, to which the pins 20 are fixed on the cables 21, stud-rivets 16 are installed on the surface of the skins 14 and 15.

In this case, the ladder is equipped with brackets with lugs 17, 18 for joining sections 1 and 2 of the ladder with each other using bolts 19.

In this case, the frame of the ladder has a low headroom when viewed from the side.

The use in the construction of brackets 17, 18, 24, fixed on the frame of the ladder, as well as the presence of quick-detachable pins 20, fixed with cables 21 and loops 22 to section 1 of the ladder is intended for quick folding and unfolding of the ladder from the stowed position to the working position and vice versa ...

The use of a frame with a low construction height is aimed at reducing the dimensions and reducing the weight of the structure.

The design of the folding ladder of the helicopter is illustrated by drawings:

in fig. 1 - folding ladder design;

in fig. 2 - working and traveling position of the ladder;

in fig. 3 - section b-b of Fig. 2, the location of the ladders in the stowed position with different wheelbase widths;

in fig. 4 - view D of FIG. 3, fixing the two sections of the ladder relative to each other in the stowed position;

in fig. 5 - view A of FIG. 2, fastening the ladder to the fuselage floor;

in fig. 6 - view B of FIG. 2, two positions of the ladder fixing rod in the stowed position;

in fig. 7 - section Г-Г of Fig. 3, fixing the ladder in the stowed position and attaching the rod to the ceiling.

For loading and unloading samples of equipment on wheels and other cargoes from a helicopter, as well as for embarking and disembarking troops and carrying the sick and wounded on stretchers, ladders are used.

The folding ladder consists of two sections: front 1 and rear 2 (Fig. 1). Each section of the ladder is riveted. The frame of each section of the ladder has a longitudinal and transverse strength set. The longitudinal strength set of each section consists of two beams. Each beam consists of two longitudinal corner sections 3 and 4, main walls 5, auxiliary front walls 6 and rear walls 7. The transverse set consists of T-profiles 8, diaphragms 9, struts 10 and knits 11.

The ladder frame has a low headroom when viewed from the side.

The rear section of the ladder has a steel welded box 12, which in the working position of the ladder lies on the ground, the front section 1 has a steel edging 13.

Claddings 14 and 15, installed on sections 1 and 2, respectively, are made of duralumin sheet, while stud-rivets 16 are located on casings 14, 15 16. Sections 1 and 2 of the ladder are connected to each other using steel brackets 17 and 18 through bolts 19, which are the axes of rotation of sections 1 and 2 of the folding ladder.

Fastening of brackets 17 and 18 to the ladder sections is carried out using bolted connections. The final fixation of the two sections of the ladder in the working position is carried out with the help of special quick-release pins 20, which are fixed to the section 1 of the ladder with the help of cables 21 and loops 22. The pins 20 perform two functions at once: they produce the final fixation of the sections 1 and 2 of the ladder in the working position (Fig. . 1, 2) and fix the two sections 1 and 2 of the ladder relative to each other in the stowed position through the brackets 23 (Fig. 2, 4).

The folding ladder is connected to the cargo floor of the helicopter through steel brackets 24, which are located in the front section 1 of the ladder, and brackets 25 (Fig. 5), which are located on the floor of the cargo compartment. The bracket 24 is connected to the bracket 25 by means of quick-detachable pins 26, which are the axes of rotation of the entire ladder relative to the cargo floor, which allows the folded ladder to be installed in the stowed position. The fastening of the brackets 24 to the ladder takes place through bolted connections. Thanks to the quick-release pins 26, it is possible to quickly install the folding ladder in different places of the cargo floor (Fig. 3), for rolling in and out of wheeled vehicles with different wheelbase widths.

Fixation of the folding ladder in the cargo doors in the folded form is carried out using the rod 27, which is located on the ceiling of the helicopter (Fig. 6). The rod 27 consists of a pipe 28, two tips 29, 30 and an earring 31 (Fig. 7). A quick-release pin 33 is attached to the rod 27 on a cable 32, which serves to fix the bracket of the ladder with a shackle 31. The length of the rod 27 can be adjusted thanks to two lugs 29, 30. The rod 27 is fastened to the ceiling of the cargo compartment using the bracket 34. When the ladder is in working position, the rod 27 is attached to the ceiling using the bracket 35 (Fig. 7).

The developed design is universal and can be installed on helicopters of various modifications in a cargo version. For the proposed technical solution, design documentation was developed, samples of folding ladders were made and installed on a helicopter.

The folding gangway is already fixed in the working units on the floor in the cargo doors in a vertical position. In order to set the ladder to the working position, it is only necessary to lay it out. The folding ladder is harmless, since its working surface is smooth, there are no protruding U-shaped profiles. On the entire working surface of the ladder, special stud-rivets 16 are installed, which prevent the wheels of self-propelled equipment from slipping when loading it under its own power. Due to the reduced building height, the absence of U-shaped profiles and T-profiles in the design, the folding ladder has less weight and takes up less volume in the cargo compartment, while being not inferior in strength to its analogue.

Claims (3)

1. Folding ladder of a helicopter, containing a frame and plating, characterized in that the ladder consists of two sections - front and rear, the longitudinal power set of each section consists of two beams, each beam consists of two longitudinal angular section profiles, main walls, auxiliary front walls and rear walls, the transverse set consists of T-profiles, diaphragms, struts and knits, the ladder is equipped with brackets with lugs, hinges are also installed on the section, to which quick-release studs are fixed on the cables, stud-rivets are installed on the surface of the casing. 2. The ladder of a folding helicopter according to claim 1, characterized in that the ladder is equipped with brackets with lugs for joining the ladder sections with each other using bolts. 3. The ladder of a folding helicopter according to claim 1, characterized in that the frame of the ladder has a low headroom when viewed from the side.

Images