RU2814702C1 - Ramp - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport equipment.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to transport equipment used for transportation of vehicles and other cargoes, their loading/unloading into body/van of vehicle, trailer or semitrailer. Ramp comprises central console (1) and side consoles (2) connected to each other with possibility of folding by laying side consoles (2) on central console (1). Central console (1) and side consoles (2) are made of metal sheets with side reinforcements and central reinforcements. On the side surfaces of the side amplifiers of the central console there are rollers installed with the possibility of being moved back and forth on the guides of the vehicle.

EFFECT: invention improves convenience of use and transportation, reduces time of cargo loading/unloading from vehicle.

11 cl, 14 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to transport equipment, concerns the device of a ramp, which can be used, for example, for transporting vehicles (cars, motorcycles, ATVs, snowmobiles, etc.) and other cargo, loading/unloading them into the body/van of a vehicle, trailer , semi-trailer, for example using a hydraulic trolley or pallet loader, or manually.

A universal ladder for loading prey into the body is known [https://www.pickup-center.ru/about/news/trap-dlya-pogruzki-dobychi-v-kuzov/ Electronic resource (Date of access: 06/30/2023)] containing a composite aluminum platform with stops for attaching to a vehicle, characterized in that, thanks to the roller insert, the winch cable does not fray and effortlessly pulls hunting prey into the back of a pickup truck.

The Italian company WM System [https://wmsystem.ru Electronic resource (Access date: 06/30/2023)], a European leader in its market segment, produces ramps of 13 different models with variations in width, length and maximum load. In this case, it is possible to manufacture folding ramps with placement in the car interior. The use of WM System ramps significantly reduces the time of loading and unloading cargo in vehicles, while guaranteeing the safe operation of the forwarder or driver. The ramps from the Italian company WM System are very light due to the use of aluminum platforms, reliable, easy to install, and thanks to gas shock absorbers, they work without significant effort. Depending on the model, they are designed for a maximum load of up to 1800 kg.

American trailers are known [http://www.usakater.ru/catalog/auto-usa/amerikanskie-pritsepy Electronic resource (Access date: 06/30/2023)] made of galvanized steel, with the ability to manufacture side doors, as well as various forms, the inner surface of which is covered with chipboard with a rising ramp and intended for transporting ATVs and snowmobiles. These ramps are 2.55 m wide and 2 m long.

A portable, collapsible metal ramp (RU 168482 U1, B65G69/28, B61D 47/00, published 02/06/2017) is known, consisting of two metal entrances parallel to each other, having hooks along the entire length of the working surface, characterized in that that each entrance is formed by girders fixedly connected to each other, each of which is a channel beam, on the outer surface of the neck of which hooks are attached, and the flanges of the channel beam are facing down, while each entrance from the side laid on the platform has a cut of channel flanges under an acute angle to the working surface, and on the side laid on the railway rolling stock, the working surface of the entrances has a bend towards the flanges of the channel beam, and the length of the working surface after bending is less than the length of the working surface before bending, while each run has at the beginning and at the end there is an installation window on the working surface; at the same time, three connecting pipes pass through the shelves through the holes, firmly securing the purlins to each other, and the entries between each other by means of stop pins inserted into the corresponding holes in the connecting pipe.

A ramp assembly is known (RU No. 2713321, B60P1/43, B65G69/28, publ. 02/04/2020), containing a ramp element with a first section of the ramp, to which is attached a connecting element containing a lever and a limiting installation channel having a hole, a connecting panel mounted on a vehicle, wherein the connecting panel further comprises a body section, a protruding section and an access groove, wherein the protruding section is located between the body section and the access groove, and a connecting element, which is configured to selectively interact with the installation channel, is attached to the connecting channel panel and continues above it when the backplane is in use configuration.

A vehicle ramp is known (RU No. 114006 U1, B60P 1/43 B60P 1/00, published March 10, 2012), containing a folding platform connected by means of a folding mechanism to the vehicle body and having locking elements and a seal, characterized in that that the folding platform is equipped with a centrally located door containing a mechanical lock and handles located on both sides of the door and connected to the locking mechanism, while a flooring is fixed on the inner sides of the folding platform and the door, and a handle located on the inside of the door is located in recess below the level of the flooring, the folding mechanism consists of brackets attached to the folding platform, and hydraulic cylinders connected at one end to the mentioned brackets, and at the other to brackets attached to the vehicle body; in addition, the locking elements are made in the form of electromechanical locks located on the body in the upper part of the ramp opening, and locking hinges located on the folding platform.

A device is known for the end loading and unloading of passenger cars from rail vehicles (RU No. 6188 U1, B65G69/28, published on March 16, 1998), containing a frame including horizontal and inclined sections covered with panels on each of its two tiers, and also a fence in which horizontally located panels of the upper and lower tiers on the end side of the frame are equipped with hinged ladders, and the horizontal panel of the upper tier is rotatable in the vertical plane and equipped with a movement drive at the free end.

A known device is an auxiliary ramp for an unloading platform (CN 217920463 (U), B65G67/42; B65G69/00, publ. November 29, 2022), containing a ramp plate, a longitudinal auxiliary walking mechanism and a transverse auxiliary walking mechanism, wherein the ramp plate is located inclined and contains a frame, a plurality of rib plates are located in a cavity in the middle of the frame in the form of an array. In this mode, the surfaces of the rib plates are vertical, and the axes of the rib plates in the longitudinal direction are correspondingly perpendicular to the axis of the frame in the longitudinal direction. A plurality of front support posts are located at the bottom of the upper end of the ramp plate at intervals, a plurality of rear support posts are located at the bottom, close to the middle position, ramp plates at intervals, longitudinal assisted walking mechanisms are located at locations corresponding to the rear support posts, the bottom of the plate ramps, and the transverse auxiliary walking mechanisms are on the sides corresponding to the longitudinal auxiliary walking mechanisms.

A folding ramp is known (US 2021162908 A1, publ. 06/03/2021), which includes a frame and a traction surface. The frame can be attached to a mounting surface. The frame can be adjusted from folded to unfolded. When folded, the frame can be designed to be supported by a mounting surface. The traction surface may be supported by a frame. When deployed, the frame and traction surface extend beyond the mounting surface and provide a transition from the side of the trunk to the ground surface.

A three-section folding ramp for a truck is known (US 4944546 A, published July 31, 1990), which can also serve as a side for a truck body. The ramp has mechanically folding and unfolding legs so that the user does not have to pull out the legs one by one. A special latch allows all three sections to be secured while the folded ramp is used as an end door. A special channel allows the folded ramp to lie in the open position without damaging the car body.

A folding ramp (ramp) with a rotating footrest is known (US 6536064 B1, published March 25, 2003), which includes a first platform section having a first end and a second end, and a second platform section having a first end and a second end. The first end of the second section is hingedly connected to the second end of the first section of the platform, and the second section is rotatable relative to the first section. The foot support assembly is connected to at least one of the first and second platform sections. The support assembly is rotatable between a first position in which the support assembly is oriented generally parallel to the first and second sections, and a second position in which the support assembly projects outward from the first or second sections.

A ramp distribution system using a ratchet mechanism is known (US 2015321861 A1, published November 12, 2015), which includes a first ramp and a second ramp at the entrance to the trailer using a ratchet mechanism. The belt ratchet mechanism includes a first ratchet belt that is secured between the first ramp and the trailer, and a second ratchet belt that is secured between the second ramp and the trailer when the belt ratchet mechanism is operated so that the movable ramp structure is sufficiently securely secured. to the trailer to support the weight of the truck driving up to the trailer.

The disadvantage of all the above analogues is the complexity of the design, the lack of methods for convenient transportation and storage, high labor intensity during assembly/disassembly and low reliability during frequent use.

The objective of the invention is to develop a ramp that eliminates all of the above disadvantages.

The technical result from the use of the proposed invention is to increase ease of use and transportation, reduce the time of loading/unloading goods from the vehicle.

This is achieved by the fact that the ramp contains a central console and side consoles, interconnected with the possibility of folding, by laying the side consoles on the central console, the central console and side consoles are made of metal sheets with side reinforcements and central reinforcements, on the side surfaces of the side reinforcements of the central the console is secured with rollers mounted with the ability to move back and forth on the guides of the vehicle; the central and side consoles are connected to each other using connection elements made in the form of loops; the side consoles are folding; in this case, the side reinforcements are made either from a U-shaped profile, or by bending the edges of metal sheets; the central amplifiers are fixed between the side amplifiers on the lower surface of the central console and the side consoles, while the central amplifiers are made either in the form of a U-shaped profile with shelves directed outward, or in the form of a U-shaped profile with shelves directed inward; fastening elements for connection with the vehicle are made in the form of technological slots in the rear part of the central amplifiers of the central and side consoles; side reinforcements and central reinforcements are connected to metal sheets using either rivets, bolts, or welding; side and central amplifiers are made of either aluminum or steel, with technological holes; metal sheets are made of corrugated aluminum; in the front part of the center console there are holes for gripping when extending; the rollers are installed in slots made on the lower shelves of the side reinforcements of the center console.

In fig. Figure 1 shows a general view of the ramp in unfolded form.

In fig. Figure 2 shows a bottom view of the ramp in unfolded form.

In fig. Figure 3 shows a view from below the central console of the ramp.

In fig. Figure 4 shows a general view of the ramp when folded.

In fig. Figure 5 shows a view from the end of the ramp in folded form.

In fig. 6 shows the ramp in folded form, connected to the body/van of the vehicle.

In fig. 7 shows the ramp in unfolded form, connected to the body/van of the vehicle.

In fig. 8 is a side view of an unfolded ramp connected to the vehicle body/van.

In fig. Figure 9 shows the placement of the ramp in the interframe space (bottom view with the vehicle body/van).

In fig. Figure 10 shows the placement of the ramp in the interframe space (bottom view without the vehicle body/van).

In fig. Figure 11 shows the placement of the ramp in the interframe space (top view without the vehicle body/van).

In fig. Figure 12 shows a model drawing of the interframe space, without a ramp (top view).

In fig. Figure 13 shows an end view of the supporting brackets of the retractable ramp mechanism.

In fig. Figure 14 shows an end view of the front supporting brackets of the retractable ramp mechanism.

Structurally, the ramp in Fig. 1-14 contains:

1 – central console;

2 – side consoles;

3 – connection elements;

4 – side amplifiers;

5 – central amplifiers;

6 – fastening elements for connection to the vehicle;

7 – technological hole for holding on the catcher rod;

8 – openings for extension;

9 - rollers;

10 – load-bearing brackets;

11 – front load-bearing brackets;

12 – studs;

13 – guides;

14 – catcher rod;

15 – support brackets.

The central console 1 and the side consoles 2 are connected to each other with the possibility of folding, by laying the side consoles 2 on the central console 1.

The central console 1 and side consoles 2 are made of metal sheets with stiffening elements in the form of side reinforcements 4 and central reinforcements 5.

The central console 1 and the side consoles 2 are connected to each other using connection elements made, for example, in the form of hinges.

The side consoles 2, in turn, can be made folding.

The side reinforcements 4 are made, for example, either from a U-shaped profile, or by bending the edges of metal sheets.

The central amplifiers 5 are fixed between the side amplifiers 4 on the lower surface of the central console 1 and the side consoles 2.

The central amplifiers 5 are made, for example, either in the form of a U-shaped profile with shelves directed outward, or in the form of a U-shaped profile with shelves directed inward.

The side reinforcements 4 and the central reinforcements 5 are connected to the metal sheets using either rivets, bolts, or welding.

The side amplifiers 4 and the central amplifiers 5 are made, for example, of either aluminum or steel, with technological holes.

The central console 1 and side consoles 2 are made, for example, of corrugated aluminum.

In the front part of the center console 1 there are holes for gripping 8 when extending.

Additionally, the device contains a retractable mechanism, including rollers 9, supporting brackets 10, front supporting brackets 11, studs 12, two guides 13, a catch rod 14, support brackets 15.

The rollers 9 are installed in slots made on the lower shelves of the side reinforcements 4 of the central console 1 and secured to the side surfaces of the side reinforcements 4 of the central console 1.

The supporting brackets 10 are secured with pins 12 to the vehicle frame on opposite sides in a mirror image with respect to each other.

The guides 13 are fixed on the lower shelves of the supporting brackets 10, 11.

The catcher rod 14 is installed and secured in the holes of the front supporting brackets 11.

The rollers 9 are mounted on guides 13 with the ability to move back and forth along them.

The ramp is stored and transported by placing it folded, when its side consoles 2 are placed on the center console 1, in the interframe space of the vehicle.

The proposed ramp is assembled as follows.

The central console 1 and side consoles 2 are made, for example, from sheets of corrugated aluminum. In the front part of the central console 1, for example, there are openings for extension 8. The side consoles 2, in turn, can be made folding.

Side reinforcements 4 are made, for example, either from a U-shaped profile, or by bending the edges of metal sheets, and central reinforcements 5, for example, in the form of a U-shaped profile with shelves directed outward, or in the form of a U-shaped profile with shelves, directed inward. The side amplifiers 4 and central amplifiers 5 are made, for example, of either aluminum or steel, with technological holes (Fig. 2, 3, 9, 10). The central amplifiers 5 are fixed between the side amplifiers 4 on the lower surface of the central console 1 and the side consoles 2. In the rear part (mating, adjacent to the vehicle) of the central amplifiers 5 of the central console 1 and the side consoles 2, fastening elements 6 are made in the form of technological slots for connection with a vehicle.

The side amplifiers 4 and the central amplifiers 5 are installed under the central console 1 and the side consoles 2 and connected to them using, for example, either rivets, or bolts, or by welding.

Slots are made on the lower shelves of the side reinforcements 4 of the central console 1. Rollers 9 are installed in the slots so that they protrude, for example, by 0.5 cm. Rollers 9 are secured to the side surfaces of the side reinforcements 4 of the central console 1, for example, using bolts. For example, rollers made of fluoroplastic d=35 mm are used.

Then the central console 1 and the side consoles 2 are connected to each other using connection elements 3, made, for example, in the form of loops (Fig. 1).

A ramp is made, for example, with the following overall dimensions:

length – 3 m;

center console width – 68 cm;

width of side consoles – 32 cm;

folded height – 15 cm.

Bearing brackets 10 are made. Each of the supporting brackets 10 is made of two parts connected to each other, for example, by welding. One of the parts is C-shaped and contains upper and lower shelves, the height between which corresponds to the height of the ramp when folded. The second part is made with unidirectional shelves with holes for attaching studs 12. Threaded studs 12 are used. Moreover, the parts are connected to each other in such a way that their upper and lower shelves are directed in different directions (Fig. 13). In this case, the supporting brackets 10 are of two types: right-handed and left-handed. The extreme supporting brackets 10 can be equipped with an additional shelf that limits the horizontal movement of the ramp.

Two front load-bearing brackets 11 are made. Each of the front load-bearing brackets 11 is made of three parts connected to each other, for example, by welding. One of the parts is C-shaped and contains upper and lower shelves, the height between which corresponds to the height of the ramp when folded. The second part is made with unidirectional shelves with holes for studs. Use 12 threaded studs. The third part contains shelves with holes for installing a catch rod 14. Moreover, the first and second parts are connected to each other in such a way that their shelves are directed in different directions, the first and third parts are connected in such a way that the shelves with holes for installing a catch rod 14 the third parts are directed downwards (Fig. 14). In this case, the front load-bearing brackets 11 are of two types: right-handed and left-handed.

The fixation of the supporting brackets 10 and the front supporting brackets 11 on the vehicle frame is carried out as follows (Fig. 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14). First, the supporting brackets 10 are fixed, placing them on a frame corresponding to the length of the ramp. To do this, the bracket on the vehicle frame is placed between the shelves of their second part with holes for the studs 12 and fixed by securing the studs 12 in the holes with nuts. Then the front supporting brackets 11 are fixed on the vehicle frame, placing them closer to the rear part (threshold) of the vehicle body/van. To do this, the bracket on the vehicle frame is placed between the shelves of their second part with holes for the studs and fixed by securing the studs 12 in the holes with nuts.

A catch rod 14 is installed in the holes of the third part of the front supporting brackets 11. Stoppers are installed at the ends of the catch rod so that it does not fly out of the holes.

The right and left support brackets 10 and the front support brackets 11 are mounted on the vehicle frame from opposite sides in a mirror image with respect to each other.

Then, guides 13, made, for example, in the form of metal corners, are placed on the lower shelves of the fixed load-bearing brackets 10 and the front load-bearing brackets 11, and the guides 13 are connected to the lower shelves of the load-bearing brackets 10, 11, for example, by welding or bolts.

Along the rear part of the threshold of the vehicle body/van, support brackets 15 are fixed, made, for example, in the form of U-shaped brackets.

The ramp is installed in the interframe space of the vehicle as follows (Fig. 5, 9, 10, 11). The ramp in folded form, when its side consoles 2 are laid on the central console 1, is pushed into the inter-frame space of the vehicle using rollers 9, which are installed on guides 13 with the ability to move back and forth.

The present invention works as follows.

The ramp is moved to the working position by extending it from the interframe space of the vehicle in folded form through the grip of the openings for extension 8 and using rollers 9 mounted on the side surfaces of the side reinforcements 4 of the central console 1, sliding along the guides 13. Holding the rear part of the ramp on weight when it is fully extended from the interframe space of the vehicle is carried out using a catch rod 14, by installing a catch rod 14 in the technological hole 7 made in the central amplifier 5 of the central console 1. Then the rear part of the ramp (mating, adjacent to the vehicle) raised to the required loading height and fixed with the help of fastening elements for connecting to the vehicle 6, made in the form of technological slots in the rear part (mating, adjacent to the vehicle) of the central amplifiers 5, by installing support brackets 15 in them, fixed to body of the vehicle. Then the side consoles 2 are folded out to the sides. The ramp is moved to the transport position in the reverse order.

The presence of a central console connected to the side consoles with the possibility of their compact folding in the form of a sandwich onto the center console (in several levels), provides an effective increase/decrease in the loading surface area of the ramp, due to the layout of the required number of side consoles, and also provides the possibility of folding locate the ramp in the interframe space of the vehicle, which increases the convenience of its use and transportation, and reduces the time of loading/unloading cargo from the vehicle.

Making the ramp consoles from aluminum with reinforcements made with technological holes ensures lightness of the structure and at the same time sufficient strength and load-carrying capacity.

The present invention is implemented in vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers. In the process of manufacturing a retractable ramp, standard industrial equipment, materials and components can be used. All technical means that ensure the operation of the ramp, the use of which is provided for by the invention, are developed and produced by domestic industrial enterprises.

Below are examples of specific implementations of the present invention.

Example 1.

The proposed ramp with a central and two side folding consoles with overall dimensions of 1.98 m × 3 m when unfolded is implemented on the basis of a car of the Gazelle family.

In accordance with the tests carried out on the unfolded ramp, a Toyota RAV 4 weighing 1630 kg was loaded/unloaded into a car of the Gazelle family.

Example 2.

The proposed ramp with a central and two side folding consoles with overall dimensions of 1.98 m × 3 m when unfolded is implemented on the basis of a car of the Gazelle family.

In accordance with the tests carried out on the unfolded ramp, a CHERY EXEED vehicle weighing 1850 kg was loaded/unloaded into a car of the Gazelle family.

Example 3.

The proposed ramp with a central and two side folding consoles with overall dimensions of 1.98 m × 3 m when unfolded is implemented on the basis of a car of the Gazelle family.

In accordance with the tests carried out on the unfolded ramp, a Honda CBR 600 rr motorcycle weighing 260 kg was loaded/unloaded into a car of the Gazelle family.

Example 4.

The proposed ramp with a central and two side folding consoles with overall dimensions of 1.98 m × 3 m when unfolded is implemented on the basis of a car of the Gazelle family.

In accordance with the tests carried out on the unfolded ramp, pallet loading/unloading of food products was carried out using a hydraulic trolley into a car of the Gazelle family.

Example 5.

The proposed ramp with a central and two side folding consoles with overall dimensions of 1.98 m × 3 m when unfolded is implemented on the basis of a car of the Gazelle family.

In accordance with the tests carried out on the unfolded ramp, furniture was loaded/unloaded manually into a car of the Gazelle family.

Claims (11)

1. A ramp containing a central console and side consoles, interconnected with the possibility of folding, by laying the side consoles on the central console, the central console and side consoles are made of metal sheets with side reinforcements and central reinforcements, fixed on the side surfaces of the side reinforcements of the central console rollers mounted with the ability to move back and forth on the guides of the vehicle. 2. The ramp according to claim 1, characterized in that the central and side consoles are connected to each other using connection elements made in the form of loops. 3. The ramp according to claim 1, characterized in that the side consoles are folding. 4. Ramp according to claim 1, characterized in that the side reinforcements are made either from a U-shaped profile or by bending the edges of metal sheets. 5. The ramp according to claim 1, characterized in that the central amplifiers are fixed between the side amplifiers on the lower surface of the central console and the side consoles, while the central amplifiers are made either in the form of a U-shaped profile with shelves directed outward, or in the form of a U-shaped shaped profile with shelves directed inward. 6. The ramp according to claim 1, characterized in that the fastening elements for connecting to the vehicle are made in the form of technological slots in the rear part of the central amplifiers of the central and side consoles. 7. Ramp according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the side reinforcements and central reinforcements are connected to metal sheets using either rivets, bolts, or welding. 8. Ramp according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the side and central reinforcements are made of either aluminum or steel with technological holes. 9. Ramp according to claim 1, characterized in that the metal sheets are made of corrugated aluminum. 10. The ramp according to claim 1, characterized in that the front part of the center console has holes for gripping when extending. 11. Ramp according to claim 1, characterized in that the rollers are installed in slots made on the lower shelves of the side reinforcements of the center console.