RU2756145C1 - Road block - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: road blocks.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a device that prevents the advancement of wheeled vehicles by means of a forced stop, designed to prevent unauthorized passage on a controlled section of the auto-road, in particular at checkpoints of secure facilities. The effect is achieved in that the roadway barrier includes a horizontal axial beam and supports attached to it, while the supports made of a sheet of high-strength steel with a hardness of 50-60 HRC have the shape of an equilateral triangle, the sides of which are concave inward along an arc with a radius 1.3-5.0 side lengths of a triangle.

EFFECT: obtaining a road block, which provides a stopping effect on the approaching vehicle due to the guaranteed penetration of the tops of the supports into the roadway and excludes its shift and slippage.

3 cl, 1 dwg, 1 tbl

Description

The invention relates to a device that prevents the advancement of wheeled vehicles by means of a forced stop, designed to prevent unauthorized passage on a controlled section of the road, in particular at checkpoints of secure facilities.

Known means of forced stop of motor vehicles, described in patent DE 102017101589B3 from 26.07.2018, which is a prismatic structure, the base of which has the form of a three-pointed star. It rests on the roadway on two lateral edges of the prism passing through the tops of the star.

The disadvantage of the invention is that this tool is an all-metal hollow structure of sheet metal, reinforced with stiffeners. This tool is a passive obstacle, which, upon initial contact with the vehicle, does not cause significant damage to it due to the large interaction area and the absence of any pointed (cutting) elements in the contact zone.

Another disadvantage is that the tool has a large mass, its movement is possible only with the help of special lifting means. At the same time, the design provides openings for loading / unloading only with a forklift, and rigging units for other lifting equipment are not provided.

Known means of forced stopping of motor vehicles, described in the patent of the Russian Federation No. 87007 (RF patent for utility model No. 87007, published on 20.09.2009). This means of stopping contains barriers in the form of crossed beams made of a steel profile, mounted on a horizontal bearing bar with securing against axial movement, in the lower part of each beam a support is welded for interaction with the ground, and the upper part is made pointed.

The disadvantage of this invention is that the support for interaction with the ground is made of a channel. This barrier is supported on the roadway by the lower shelves of the channels, which are flat (as described in the patent and shown in the figure to the patent). Holes for anchor crutches are provided for fastening to the roadway. If anchor crutches are not used, then there is a high probability that when a vehicle hits an obstacle, it will slide along the surface of the roadway and move along with the car. Thus, a situation is possible in which a vehicle barrier will be pushed to the side by an oncoming vehicle without any resistance. If anchor crutches are used, then the barrier loses its mobility, and the deployment time on the ground increases due to the work on fastening the barrier to the roadbed.

Another disadvantage of this product is the unregulated strength characteristics (hardness) of the material from which the supports for interaction with the soil are made. This parameter is very important because determines the ability of supports to interact with the ground to penetrate into the roadway in order to provide a stopping effect.

Known road barrier "Hedgehog" produced by the plant of perimeter barriers "Egoza", consisting of a horizontal axial beam and cruciform supports attached to the axial beam. According to the manufacturer's data, all load-bearing elements of the fence are made of a 60x60x2 square tube. The product is designed to force a vehicle to stop by raising it above the ground when trying to overcome it.

The disadvantages of this product are the absence of any auxiliary elements that increase the likelihood of the intersected elements catching on the roadway when a vehicle hits. The cruciform supports are two elements made of 60x60x2 pipe, welded together at an angle of 90 degrees. As a rule, the hardness of the steel from which the square pipes are made does not exceed 30 HRC. Leaning on the road surface is carried out on the ends of the pipes, turned at an angle of 45 degrees relative to the road surface. If the road surface is made of solid (cement concrete, reinforced concrete, asphalt concrete, etc.), then the hardness of the material from which the cruciform supports are made may not be enough to penetrate the roadway in order to raise the vehicle above the ground. Thus, a situation is possible in which a vehicle barrier will simply be pushed to the side by an oncoming vehicle without any resistance.

Known automobile obstacle, described in the patent US 7258505 B2 from 21.08.2007, selected by the authors as a prototype. This car barrier consists of plates of a certain shape (for example, hat-shaped) and elements connecting them, which make it possible to obtain a car barrier of any length.

The disadvantage of this invention is the unregulated shape of the base of the plate, namely the place of the plate with which it contacts the roadway. If the edge of the plate, which it describes on the roadbed, is flat, then there is a high probability that when the vehicle hits the obstacle, it will slip and move along with the car. Thus, a situation is possible in which a vehicle barrier will simply be pushed to the side by an oncoming vehicle without any resistance.

Another disadvantage of this invention is the unregulated strength characteristics of the material from which the plates are made. If the strength of the plate material is low, then under the action of the kinetic energy of the oncoming vehicle, the plates will deform or collapse. At the same time, further controlled movement of the vehicle into the protected area is not excluded.

If the road surface is made solid (cement concrete, reinforced concrete, asphalt concrete, etc.), and the material of the supports has a low hardness (for example, common structural steels: St3, St.08, Steel 20, etc.), a situation is possible when which the vehicle barrier will be pushed aside by the oncoming vehicle without any stopping effect.

The road barrier declared by the authors includes a horizontal axial beam 1 and supports 2 attached to it (see Fig. 1). The supports are made of a sheet of high-strength steel with a hardness of 50-60 HRC and have the form of an equilateral triangle with sides concave inward along an arc.

The aim of the invention is to obtain a roadway barrier, which provides a stopping effect on an oncoming vehicle due to the guaranteed introduction of the tops of the supports into the roadway, overturning under the car, raising it above the ground and causing critical damage to the chassis of the car.

The technical result of the invention is achieved due to the choice of high-strength steel with a hardness of 50-60 HRC as a support material and an inward concavity of the sides of an equilateral triangle along an arc with a radius of 1.3-5.0 of the length of the triangle side and the formation of pointed tops.

Fulfillment of these two conditions ensures that when a vehicle collides with a roadway barrier, it will securely engage the surface of the roadway and prevent it from shifting and slipping, and, therefore, ensures that the road barrier performs its main function - forcing the vehicle to stop.

The obstacle declared by the authors works as follows. When a vehicle hits an obstacle, the front of the car (bumper, radiator, wheels, etc.) interacts with the pointed tops and ends of the steel supports. At the same moment in time, the lower, far from the car, pointed tops of steel supports under the action of the mass of the car abut (penetrate) into the roadway, preventing the obstacle from slipping along the surface of the road surface. Further, under the action of the kinetic energy of the vehicle, the automobile obstacle begins to rotate around an axis passing through the points of penetration of pointed peaks into the road surface. In this case, the obstacle is under the car, and, depending on the parameters of the car, either raises its front axle above the ground, or turns out to be under the car. In both cases, the obstacle causes various damage to the vehicle (punctures the wheels, damages the radiator, punctures the engine oil pan, etc.). The presence of serious damage to the car is due to the fact that contact occurs with the pointed tops and ends of the steel supports, the area of which is small, and, therefore, the pressure exerted on the elements of the car is large. As a result, the vehicle either loses the ability to further controlled movement, or this movement is significantly hampered.

Guaranteed efficiency is achieved when the metal supports are in the shape of an equilateral triangle, the sides of which are concave inward along an arc with a radius of 1.3-5.0 times the length of the side of the triangle.

If the sides of the metal supports are concave inward along an arc with a radius of less than 1.3 of the length of the side of the triangle, then the angles at the vertices of such supports will have a degree measure of less than 15 ° and, accordingly, the sides forming such angles will practically touch, forming thin pointed tops. In this case, there is a high probability that when a vehicle collides, plastic deformation or destruction of the pointed tops of the support will occur, penetration into the road surface may not occur and, accordingly, the barrier may not turn over, which is necessary to raise the front axle of the car above the ground and / or damage elements of the car. Thus, it is possible for a road barrier to slip along the road surface, as well as the barrier to move by a vehicle without any stopping effect.

If the metal supports are concave inward along an arc with a radius of more than 5 times the length of the side of the triangle, then such a support is a triangle close to equilateral with a base almost parallel to the roadbed. In this case, it is possible for a car barrier to slip along the surface of the road surface, and it is also possible for a car to move the barrier without exerting any stopping effect.

Thus, the optimal radius of concavity inwardly to the sides of an equilateral triangle forming a metal support is achieved when the length of the triangle side is 1.3-5.0. Under this condition, during a collision of a vehicle, the adhesion of the automobile obstacle to the roadway, rotation of the obstacle relative to the points of engagement, the lifting of the front axle of the vehicle above the ground and / or damage to the vehicle components will be ensured, i.e. there will be a stopping effect.

Guaranteed efficiency is achieved when the metal supports are made of steel with a hardness of 50-60 HRC.

If the hardness of the steel from which the metal supports are made is below 50 HRC, then it becomes comparable to or less than the hardness of the road surface. As a rule, road barriers are used on roads with a hard surface, such as: concrete monolithic, reinforced concrete or reinforced concrete prefabricated, asphalt concrete, etc. (according to SNiP 2.05.02-85 * Highways (with Amendments N 2-5). Materials such as concrete and various fractions of crushed stone, which may be part of the road surface, have a fairly high hardness. As you know, hardness is the ability resist the penetration of a harder body - an indenter into it.Accordingly, if the hardness of the steel from which the supports are made is lower than the hardness of the road surface, then the pointed tops of the supports will not physically be able to penetrate into the roadway when a vehicle collides and ensure the guaranteed performance of an automobile obstacle its function.

If the hardness of the steel from which the metal supports are made is above 60 HRC, then the steel, as a rule, has the following negative properties: high brittleness and poor weldability.

High fragility can lead to brittle fracture of supports at the moment of dynamic loading, i.e. during a collision with a vehicle. After the destruction of one or more supports, the further behavior of the road blockage becomes unpredictable.

Poor weldability of the steel from which the supports are made does not allow the provision of strong welds by which the supports are connected to the horizontal axial beam. When a vehicle hits an obstacle, the destruction of these welds is possible, which will lead to the separation (separation) of the supports and further unpredictable behavior of the automobile obstacle.

Thus, the optimum hardness range of the steel from which the supports are made is 50-60 HRC.

For fastening a road barrier to the roadway, as well as for connecting several barriers into a single chain, lugs can be made at the ends of the axle beam.

To ensure the visibility of the barrier element in the dark, retroreflective elements can be made on the axial beam and supports.

For testing at the plant of special materials of JSC NPO Spetsmaterialov, a series of samples of automobile barriers with different ratios of the radius of the arc to the length of the side of the triangle and the hardness of the steel from which the supports were made were made. The list of samples is presented in table 1.

For each sample, the horizontal axial beam was made of a 60x60x3 square tube, and the metal supports were made of SPS-43 sheet steel with a thickness of 8.0 mm. Various values of steel hardness were obtained by heat treatment in a chamber electric shaft furnace. Supports in the form of an equilateral triangle with sides concave inward were attached to the axial beam with a pitch of 500 mm.

In the testing center for special materials of JSC NPO Spetsmaterialov (accreditation certificate No. ROSS RU.0001.22C308 dated 26.08.2014), each sample was tested for forced stop of the vehicle. A Gazelle-3302 low-tonnage truck weighing 2,100 kg was chosen as a vehicle. The road surface on which the tests were carried out was asphalt concrete. There was no fastening of the road barrier to the roadbed.

The car was accelerated to a speed of 30 km / h, after which it interacted with a road block.

Sample No. 1 was shifted to the side when the vehicle collided; the pointed tops of the supports were plastically deformed. The car received insignificant damage to the front end and retained the possibility of further controlled movement.

Sample No. 2 was thrown aside when a vehicle collided, without causing any significant damage to the car, which impedes further controlled movement.

Sample No. 3, when the vehicle collided, was turned relative to the longitudinal axis of the road at an angle of 40-50 degrees, after which it caught on the roadway, overturned under the car and raised the front axle of the car above the ground. As a result of the collision, the right front wheel was punctured, the steering rods were damaged. At the same time, brittle fracture of pointed tops occurred on three supports, and welds on two supports, connecting them to the horizontal axial beam, collapsed. All this is a consequence of the excessively high hardness of the material from which the supports are made. This sample cannot provide a guaranteed stopping effect on a vehicle due to the unpredictability of brittle fracture of pointed tops and welds.

When the vehicle collided, the sample No. 4 was shifted by 1.2 meters, after which it caught on the roadway, carried out one coup under the vehicle and raised the front axle of the vehicle above the ground. All supports that interacted with the roadbed were plastically deformed. The resulting plastic deformation of the supports and the displacement of the barrier by 1.2 meters indicate the low hardness of the material of the supports and, as a result, insufficient adhesion to the roadway.

When the vehicle hit the sample No. 5, the sharpened tops were introduced into the roadway. The sample then carried out two coups and remained under the vehicle. As a result of the collision, the car received critical damage: the left wheel was cut through, the radiator was punctured, the front suspension arms were deformed, the tie rod was damaged, the engine crankcase was punctured. The car has lost the possibility of further controlled movement.

The results of the tests carried out give sufficient grounds to assert that the sample No. 5 showed the greatest efficiency.

Thus, the action of the claimed parameters of the invention made it possible to achieve the claimed technical result - obtaining a roadway barrier, which provides a stopping effect on an oncoming vehicle due to the guaranteed introduction of the pointed tops of the supports into the roadway.

The claimed technical solution for the design features of road barriers is new, since the set of distinctive features of the invention, including in particular cases, is unknown from the literature and practical experience in this area.

The solution meets the criterion of "inventive step", since the proposed one does not follow explicitly for a specialist from the analysis of domestic and foreign prior art.

Claims (3)

1. A roadway barrier, which includes a horizontal axial beam and supports attached to it, characterized in that the supports made of high-strength steel sheet with a hardness of 50-60 HRC have the shape of an equilateral triangle, the sides of which are concave inward along an arc with a radius of 1 , 3-5.0 times the length of the side of the triangle. 2. The barrier according to claim. 1, characterized in that at the ends of the axial beam there are lugs. 3. The barrier according to claim 1, characterized in that reflective elements are made on the axial beam.

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