RU2755928C1 - Road blockage - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: traffic facilities.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the means that prevent traffic circulation by means of a forced stop. The blockage includes a horizontal axial beam and crossed steel elements attached to it, metal plates made of steel with a hardness of 50-60 HRC are made at the ends of the steel elements at an angle of 50-130 degrees to their longitudinal axis, eyelets are made at the ends of the axial beam, reflective elements are made on the axial beam and crossed steel elements.

EFFECT: stopping effect on the approaching vehicle is achieved with the guaranteed introduction of plates into the roadbed and the exclusion of their shift and slippage relative to the roadbed.

3 cl, 1 dwg, 1 tbl

Description

The invention relates to a device that prevents the advancement of wheeled vehicles by means of a forced stop, designed to prevent unauthorized passage on a controlled section of the road, in particular at checkpoints of secure facilities.

Known automobile obstacle, described in the patent US 7258505 B2 from 21.08.2007, consisting of plates of a certain shape (for example, hat-shaped) and connecting elements that allow you to get an automobile obstacle of any length.

The disadvantage of this invention is the unregulated shape of the base of the plate, namely the place of the plate with which it contacts the roadway. If the edge of the plate, which it describes on the roadbed, is flat, then there is a high probability that when the vehicle hits the obstacle, it will slip and move along with the car. Thus, a situation is possible in which a vehicle barrier will simply be pushed to the side by an oncoming vehicle without any resistance.

Another disadvantage of this invention is the unregulated strength characteristics of the material from which the plates are made. If the strength of the plate material is low, then under the action of the kinetic energy of the oncoming vehicle, the plates will deform or collapse. At the same time, further controlled movement of the vehicle into the protected area is not excluded.

Known road barrier "Hedgehog" produced by the plant of perimeter barriers "Egoza", consisting of a horizontal axial beam and cruciform supports attached to the axial beam. According to the manufacturer's data, all load-bearing elements of the fence are made of a 60x60x2 square tube. The product is designed to force a vehicle to stop by raising it above the ground when trying to overcome it.

The disadvantages of this product are the absence of any auxiliary elements that increase the likelihood of the intersected elements catching on the roadway when a vehicle collides. The cruciform supports are two elements made of 60x60x2 pipe, welded together at an angle of 90 degrees. As a rule, the hardness of the steel from which the square pipes are made does not exceed 30 HRC. Leaning on the road surface is carried out on the ends of the pipes, turned at an angle of 45 degrees relative to the road surface. If the road surface is made of solid (cement concrete, reinforced concrete, asphalt concrete, etc.), then the hardness of the material from which the cruciform supports are made may not be enough to penetrate the roadway in order to raise the vehicle above the ground. Thus, a situation is possible in which a vehicle barrier will simply be pushed to the side by an oncoming vehicle without any resistance.

Known means of forced stopping of motor vehicles, described in the patent of the Russian Federation No. 87007 (RF patent for utility model No. 87007, published on 20.09.2009), selected by the authors as a prototype. This means of stopping contains barriers in the form of crossed beams made of a steel profile, mounted on a horizontal bearing bar with securing against axial movement, in the lower part of each beam a support is welded for interaction with the ground, and the upper part is made pointed.

The disadvantage of this invention is that the support for interaction with the ground is made of a channel. This barrier is supported on the roadway by the lower shelves of the channels, which are flat (as described in the patent and shown in the figure to the patent). Holes for anchor crutches are provided for fastening to the roadway. If anchor crutches are not used, then there is a high probability that when a vehicle hits an obstacle, it will slide along the surface of the roadway and move along with the car. Thus, a situation is possible in which a vehicle barrier will be pushed to the side by an oncoming vehicle without any resistance. If anchor crutches are used, then the barrier loses its mobility, and the deployment time on the ground increases due to the work on fastening the barrier to the roadbed.

Another disadvantage of this product is the unregulated strength characteristics (hardness) of the material from which the supports for interaction with the soil are made. This parameter is very important because determines the ability of supports to interact with the ground to penetrate into the roadway in order to provide a stopping effect.

If the road surface is hard (cement concrete, reinforced concrete, asphalt concrete, etc.), and the material of the supports has a low hardness (for example, common structural steels: St3, St.08, Steel 20, etc.), a situation is possible when which the vehicle barrier will be pushed aside by the oncoming vehicle without any stopping effect.

The road barrier declared by the authors includes a horizontal axial beam 1, crossed steel elements 2 attached to the axle beam, with metal plates 3 at the ends (see Fig. 1). The plates at the ends of the steel elements are made of high-strength steel and are located at a certain angle to their longitudinal axis, and, accordingly, at a certain angle to the road surface.

The aim of the invention is to obtain a roadway barrier that provides a stopping effect on an oncoming vehicle due to the guaranteed penetration of the plates into the roadway.

The technical result of the invention is achieved due to the arrangement of metal plates at the ends of the steel elements at an angle of 50-130 ° to their longitudinal axis, as well as due to the choice of steel with a hardness of 50-60 HRC as the material of the plates.

Fulfillment of these two conditions ensures that when a vehicle collides with a roadway barrier, it will securely engage the surface of the roadway and prevent it from shifting and slipping, and, therefore, ensures that the road barrier performs its main function - forcing the vehicle to stop.

The obstacle declared by the authors works as follows. When a vehicle hits an obstacle, the front of the vehicle (bumper, radiator, wheels, etc.) interacts with metal plates located at the upper ends of the steel elements. At the same time, the lower plates farthest from the car, under the action of the car's mass, abut (penetrate) into the roadway, preventing the obstacle from sliding along the surface of the road surface. Further, under the action of the kinetic energy of the vehicle, the automobile obstacle begins to rotate around an axis passing through the points of insertion of the plates into the road surface. In this case, the obstacle is under the car, and, depending on the parameters of the car, either raises its front axle above the ground, or turns out to be under the car. In both cases, the obstacle causes various damage to the vehicle (punctures the wheels, damages the radiator, punctures the engine oil pan, etc.). As a result, the vehicle either loses the ability to further controlled movement, or this movement is significantly hampered.

Guaranteed efficiency is achieved when the metal plates are positioned at an angle of 50-130 ° to the longitudinal axis of the steel elements.

If the angle between the metal plate and the longitudinal axis of the steel element is less than 50 °, the plate becomes substantially perpendicular to the road surface. In this case, it is highly probable that when the vehicle collides with the plate, the plate will not penetrate into the coating, and, accordingly, the barrier will not turn over, which is necessary to raise the front axle of the car above the ground and / or damage the elements of the car. Thus, it is possible for an automobile barrier to slip along the surface of the road surface, and it is also possible for the barrier to be displaced by a vehicle without exerting any stopping effect.

If the angle between the metal plate and the longitudinal axis of the steel element is more than 130 °, then the plate becomes practically parallel to the road surface. In this case, by analogy with the above-described situation, it is possible for an automobile obstacle to slip along the surface of the road surface, and it is also possible for the obstacle to be displaced by a vehicle without rendering any stopping effect.

Thus, the optimal angle of the metal plates in relation to the longitudinal axis of the steel elements is 50-130 °. Under this condition, during a collision of a vehicle, the adhesion of the automobile obstacle to the roadway, rotation of the obstacle relative to the points of engagement, the lifting of the front axle of the vehicle above the ground and / or damage to the vehicle components will be ensured, i.e. there will be a stopping effect.

Guaranteed efficiency is achieved when the metal plates at the ends of the steel elements are made of steel with a hardness of 50-60 HRC.

If the hardness of the steel from which the metal plates are made is below 50 HRC, then it becomes comparable to or less than the hardness of the road surface. As a rule, road barriers are used on roads with a hard surface, such as: concrete monolithic, reinforced concrete or reinforced concrete prefabricated, asphalt concrete, etc. (according to SNiP 2.05.02-85 * Highways (with Amendments N 2-5). Materials such as concrete and various fractions of crushed stone, which may be part of the road surface, have a sufficiently high hardness. As you know, hardness is the ability material to resist the penetration of a harder body - an indenter into it.Accordingly, if the hardness of the steel from which the plates are made is lower than the hardness of the road surface, then the plates will not physically be able to penetrate into the roadway when a vehicle collides and ensure the guaranteed performance of the road barrier of its function ...

If the hardness of the steel from which the metal plates are made is above 60 HRC, then the steel, as a rule, has the following negative properties: high brittleness and poor weldability.

High brittleness can lead to brittle fracture of the plates at the moment of dynamic loading, i.e. during a collision with a vehicle. After the destruction of one or more plates, the further behavior of the road blockage becomes unpredictable.

Poor weldability of the steel from which the plates are made does not allow the provision of strong welds by which the plates are connected to the steel elements. If a vehicle hits an obstacle, these welds may break, which will lead to separation (separation) of the plates and further unpredictable behavior of the automobile obstacle.

Thus, the optimal range of hardness of steel from which the plates are made is 50-60 HRC.

For fastening a road barrier to the roadway, as well as for connecting several barriers into a single chain, lugs can be made at the ends of the axle beam.

To ensure the observability of the barrier element in the dark, retroreflective elements can be made on the axial beam and crossed steel elements.

For testing at the plant of special materials of JSC NPO Spetsmaterialov, a series of samples of automobile barriers with different values of the angle of the plates and the hardness of the steel from which the plates are made were made. The list of samples is presented in table 1.

For each sample, the horizontal axial girder was made of a 60x60x3 square tube, the crossed steel elements were made of an 80x40x3 tube, and the plates were made of SPS-43 sheet steel with a thickness of 5.0 mm. Various values of steel hardness were obtained by heat treatment in a chamber electric shaft furnace. The crossed steel members were attached to the axle beam at 500 mm spacing.

In the testing center for special materials of JSC NPO Spetsmaterialov (accreditation certificate No. ROSS RU.0001.22C308 dated 26.08.2014), each sample was tested for forced stop of the vehicle. A Gazelle-3302 low-tonnage truck weighing 2,100 kg was chosen as a vehicle. The road surface on which the tests were carried out was asphalt concrete. There was no fastening of the road barrier to the roadbed.

The car was accelerated to a speed of 30 km / h, after which it interacted with a road block.

When the vehicle collided, the sample No. 1 was shifted by 1.5 meters, after which it caught on the roadway, turned over and lifted the front axle of the car above the ground. Further controlled movement of the vehicle is difficult. However, the shift of the fence by 1.5 meters indicates that the product does not have sufficient adhesion to the roadway due to the corresponding angle of the plates.

Sample No. 2, when a vehicle collided, at the very first moment caught on the roadway, carried out three overturns, found itself under the vehicle and lifted the front and rear right wheels above the ground, excluding the possibility of further movement. One front wheel is damaged, the engine crankcase is punctured. Further controlled movement is impossible.

Sample # 3 was thrown aside when the vehicle collided, causing only minor damage to the front of the vehicle. The car retained the possibility of further controlled movement.

When the vehicle collided, the sample No. 4 was shifted by 1.0 meter, after which it caught on the roadway, turned over and lifted the front axle of the vehicle above the ground. All plates interacting with the roadbed were plastically deformed. Displacement of the barrier by one meter indicates insufficient adhesion to the roadway caused by the low hardness of the plate material.

When the vehicle collided with the sample No. 5, it was turned at an angle of about 45 degrees to the longitudinal line of the road, after which it caught on the roadbed and one overturn. As a result of the collision, the front axle of the car was lifted off the ground, one wheel was punctured, and the radiator was damaged. However, two plates underwent brittle failure, and welds on three plates failed and the plates separated from the steel elements. All this is a consequence of the excessively high hardness of the material from which the plates are made. This sample cannot provide guaranteed performance of its function.

The results of the tests carried out give sufficient grounds to assert that the sample No. 2 showed the greatest efficiency.

Thus, the action of the claimed parameters of the invention made it possible to achieve the claimed technical result - obtaining a roadway barrier, which provides a stopping effect on an oncoming vehicle due to the guaranteed introduction of the plates into the roadway.

The claimed technical solution for the design features of road barriers is new, since the set of distinctive features of the invention, including in particular cases, is unknown from the literature and practical experience in this area.

The solution meets the criterion of "inventive step", since the proposed one does not follow explicitly for a specialist from the analysis of domestic and foreign prior art.

Claims (3)

1. A roadway barrier, which includes a horizontal axial beam and crossed steel elements attached to it, characterized in that metal plates of steel with a hardness of 50-60 HRC are made at the ends of the steel elements at an angle of 50-130 ° to their longitudinal axis. 2. The barrier according to claim. 1, characterized in that at the ends of the axial beam there are lugs. 3. The barrier according to claim 1, characterized in that reflective elements are made on the axial beam and crossed steel elements.

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