RU2753062C1 - Vessel - floating base of autonomous unmanned underwater vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: shipbuilding.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of shipbuilding, in particular to research, rescue and special vessels - carriers of deep-water technology. The carrier vessel of autonomous unmanned underwater vehicles (AUUV) contains a hull equipped with a stern superstructure, on board of which at least six hatchways are made, located in two tiers on each side of the superstructure. The lateral ports are hermetically sealed and equipped with two retractable crane beams for loading and lifting operations with the AUUV. In the center plane of the vessel, in the stern superstructure in the area of the middle vertical row of gate ports, a cargo elevator for the AUUV is installed, which ensures the movement of the elevator car from the lower deck of the vessel to the deck of the upper row of gate ports. The elevator cabin is equipped with four doors, which provide the ability to move large AUUV in all directions on any tier of the gate ports to the container deck of the vessel. In the diametrical plane of the vessel in the stern superstructure in the area of the vertical row of hatches, closer to the bow end of the vessel in the decks of each tier of the superstructure and in its roof, double-leaf hatches are made on the same vertical, through which in the superstructure of the vessel during loading/unloading of small and medium AUUV in containers a loading shaft is formed by the simultaneous opening of all double-leaf hatches.

EFFECT: provision of high-quality basing and maintenance of AUUV on board with the ability to use devices of different displacement and purpose in remote areas of the ocean.

9 cl, 8 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of shipbuilding, in particular to research, rescue and special vessels - carriers of deep-water technology, designed to solve a wide range of economic, scientific and military tasks.

Known container ship (USSR author's certificate No. 389984, published on 11.07.1973). In the known container ship, the cargo hatch covers are retractable overboard with installation on hinged brackets, and a centering device in the form of an overhead crane with a carriage in the form of a guide bunker is installed above the holds. In addition, to speed up the process of loading and unloading the vessel and speed up the commissioning of helicopters, the holds of the vessel and hangars are made with movable platforms. The containers are located in the holds and on the cargo hatch covers, which are able to move on rollers installed on the deck of the ship. The helicopters are installed in a hangar and have a closure on top that can be moved to the sides on rollers. Overhead cranes with a centering carriage are located above each of the cargo holds. The vessel allows loading and unloading containers by helicopters without cells in the holds, without ship cargo devices, and the helicopters are carried to the hangar regardless of whether the holds are open and with minimal time consumption. During takeoff, landing and hovering of helicopters performing cargo operations, conditions are created for the use of the air cushion effect, since the supporting surface of the upper deck during cargo operations increases almost twice without increasing the width of the vessel. Each of the holds can be used as a hangar, and the platform as a take-off and landing platform, which allows the ship to carry a large number of helicopters used for amphibious operations. The disadvantage of this design is that the container ship is not adapted to accommodate and use specialized converted containers, inside of which there are autonomous unmanned underwater vehicles (AUVs), ready for immediate use on board a ship in the ocean. The use of the AUV implies the safe descent of the AUV overboard the vessel into the water, as well as the lifting of the surfaced AUV from the water (which has completed its mission under water) on board the vessel.

The rescue ship "Igor Belousov" is also known, which is the carrier of a manned underwater vehicle (Rescue ship "Igor Belousov" - why and why? [Electronic resource]. - URL: https://www.arms-expo.ru/news/ -archive / -spasatel-noe-sudno-igor-belousov --- zachem-i-pochemu-16-07-2013-14-07-00 /). A stern superstructure is made on the hull of the rescue vessel, in which a lateral port is made on the starboard side, which is closed by a sealed cover. Lacport is a technological cut-out in the outer skin of a ship intended for carrying out cargo operations. Lacport is also called a watertight closure of such a cutout in the form of hermetically sealed doors of various designs. Inside the hatch, on the deck of the superstructure, there is a manned rescue underwater vehicle that can be put overboard and lowered into the water (as well as raised from the water into the hatch) on girder cranes with ropes.

The well-known rescue vessel-carrier of the manned underwater vehicle "Igor Belousov" is the closest in technical essence and functional purpose to the declared vessel - the floating base of the AUV, therefore it is taken as a prototype.

The disadvantages of the prototype are:

- the ship has only one rescue underwater manned vehicle of large displacement and cannot take on board a larger number of large underwater vehicles;

- the ship is not able to take on board a large number (20 - 50) of autonomous unmanned underwater vehicles (AUV) of medium and small displacement, which are transported in sea transport containers.

The basis of the invention is the task of developing ship structures of the ship - the floating base of the AUV, which ensure their high-quality basing and maintenance on the ship with the possibility of immediate use of devices in remote areas of the Ocean, and different in displacement and purpose, namely:

- large AUVs (with a displacement of 10 to 30 tons);

- medium AUVs (with a displacement of 2 to 5 tons (in containers);

- small AUVs (with a displacement of 0.2 to 0.5 t (in containers).

The problem is solved by the fact that the ship - a floating base of autonomous unmanned underwater vehicles (AUV) contains a hull equipped with a stern superstructure, in the side of which a hermetically sealed gate is made, equipped with two retractable crane beams for performing loading and lifting operations with AUV. In the aft superstructure of the vessel, at least six hatchways are made, located in two tiers on each side of the superstructure. At the same time, in the center plane of the vessel in the stern superstructure in the area of the middle vertical row of gate ports, a freight elevator for the AUV is installed, including four vertical guide bearing racks that form the elevator shaft, and a winch, which ensures the movement of the elevator car from the lower deck of the vessel to the deck of the upper row of gate ports. The elevator cabin is equipped with four doors, which provide the ability to move large AUVs on their transport trolley in all directions on any tier of the gate ports to the container deck of the vessel. In the diametrical plane of the ship in the stern superstructure in the area of the vertical row of hatches, closer to the bow end of the ship in the decks of each tier of the superstructure and in its roof on the same vertical, double-leaf hatches are made, by means of which in the superstructure of the ship during loading (unloading) of small and medium AUVs in containers, a loading shaft is formed by the simultaneous opening of all double-leaf hatches.

The task is also achieved by:

- for each large AUV, the basing place on the ship is allocated in the aft superstructure on the deck of its tier directly at the designated gate port on its standard transport trolley, fixed to the deck along the marching one;

- the doors of each double-leaf hatch are hinged and equipped with locks for fixing the doors, both in the closed position (formation of the deck plane) and in the open position at an angle of 90 degrees relative to the decks (formation of the loading shaft);

- the container for storing and transporting small and medium-sized AUVs in it is made on the basis of a sea container, in the body of which two doors are made, moreover, a shutter door is installed on the front side, sliding sideways along the entire length of the container and is intended for unloading AUV, in the side wall the back side of the container is equipped with a sealed ship door for the passage of service personnel, and on the upper horizontal wall of the container there are two retractable cranes with an electric drive for lifting and unloading the AUV together with a transport trolley from the container to the container deck of the vessel;

- each container for storage and transportation of small and medium-sized AUVs installed on the container deck is connected to the ship's power supply system;

- on the container deck, containers are installed and fixed in two tiers on the port and starboard sides of the vessel, with the formation of a gallery between the containers on the left and right sides on the container deck in the center plane, onto which the AUV are unloaded and along which the AUV can be moved on its transport trolley in the direction to the freight elevator;

- on the rear side of the rows of containers on the left and right sides, decks are installed, intended for the passage of personnel serving the AUV into the containers through their rear door;

- each hatch is equipped with a shutter door;

- the ship is additionally equipped with an onboard control center for all AUVs.

Based on the foregoing, it can be concluded that the set of essential features of the claimed invention has a causal relationship with the achieved technical result, i.e. thanks to this set of essential features of the invention, it became possible to solve the problem. These essential features that distinguish the declared floating base vessel of autonomous unmanned underwater vehicles from the prototype, together with the features common to it and the prototype, ensure the achievement of the claimed technical result in all cases covered by the scope of legal protection.

The essence of the proposed invention is illustrated by the drawings, where Fig. 1 is a side view of a floating base ship (a is a side view (the lateral ports are closed); b is a side view (the lateral ports are open); Fig. 2 shows the mechanisms of the lateral port; Fig. 3 - freight elevator shaft; Fig. 4 - container for storage and transportation of small and medium-sized vehicles (a - front view (open); b - front view (closed); c - rear view); Fig. 5 - container on container deck; Fig. 6 - the mutual arrangement of the lateral ports, containers and freight elevator; Fig. 7 - container deck and lift (a - longitudinal section; b - cross-section (view in the stern): Fig. 8 - plan of the superstructure deck in the area of the elevator shaft and the shaft for loading containers onto the container deck.

The drawings indicate:

1 - ship's hull;

2 - lapels;

3 - aft superstructure;

4 - large AUVs;

5- medium AUVs;

6 - small AUVs;

7 - door-shutters of the latchport in the slotted niche (rolled up);

8 - latchport beams;

9 - AUV transport trolley;

10 - stationary gate blocks

11 - vertical guides bearing racks of the freight elevator shaft;

12 - cargo elevator shaft;

13 - freight elevator cabin;

14 - container deck;

15 - container;

16 - container shutter door;

17 - back door of the container;

18 - girder cranes inside the container;

19 - platform (behind the container);

20– place (opposite the latsport) for a large AUV on the left side;

21 - elevator car deck;

22 - a place (opposite the latsport) for a large starboard AUV;

23 - container loading shaft;

24 - hatch for the loading shaft of containers.

Figure 1 shows that in the volume of the aft superstructure 3 of the vessel 1 there are six gate ports 2, located in two tiers on the left and right sides (12 gate ports in total), intended for loading and lifting operations with AUVs 4, 5 and 6 different types and displacement.

Latsport 2 (figure 2) has a sealed shutter door 7, which is retracted into a slotted niche on the ceiling. Each latchport has two retractable girder cranes 8, similar in design to the girder cranes of the Igor Belousov rescue vessel. Each AUV can be (mounted on the stowed) in its own gate port in two ways: on its transport trolley 9 or on stationary keel blocks 10 attached to the deck of the superstructure 3 at the gate port 2.

The ship-floating base AUV is equipped with a freight elevator (Fig. 3), which is designed to lift large AUVs to their regular locations in the upper and lower gate ports 2 of the aft superstructure 3 of the vessel. The shaft 12 of the freight elevator is located in the center plane of the vessel in the area of the middle gate. It is made in the form of four bearing vertical guide racks 11, along which the freight elevator car 13 moves (up and down). The cabin 13 of the freight elevator has four doors, from which it is possible to roll in (roll out) the AUV in four directions: forward; back; left or right. Freight lift mechanisms (winches, electric drives and cables) are located on the upper deck of the aft superstructure (not shown in the drawings).

Small and medium-sized AUVs 5 and 6 are placed on the container deck 14 of the vessel in containers 15 (Figs. 4 and 5), which are created on the basis of sea transport containers. Container 15 is designed for storage and transportation of one medium or several small AUVs along with its auxiliary and support equipment, as well as spare property and accessories. The container is equipped with two doors. A jalousie door 16 is installed on the front vertical side of the container, sliding sideways along the entire length of the container, opening its entire internal volume along the front. On the rear vertical side of the container 15, a sealed ship door 17 is installed for the passage of service personnel. On the upper horizontal wall of the container, there are two retractable cranes 18 with an electric drive for lifting and retrieving the AUV to the container deck 14 of the vessel. The AUV is (fixed) inside the container on its transport trolley 9. The apparatus 5 or 6 is removed from the container 15 together with the trolley 9, after which it can be moved along the container deck 14. Each container 15 for storing and transporting small and medium AUVs in it, installed on the container deck 14, connected to the ship's power supply system. The containers 15 are installed and fixed on the container deck 14 along three axes in two tiers - upper and lower (Fig. 6 and 7).

The relative position of the latch ports 2, containers 15 and the freight elevator car 13 is shown in FIG. 6 and 7. The arrangement of the container deck 14 and container loading chute 23 is shown in FIG. 8. Containers 15 are loaded by a port crane onto the container deck 14 through the hatches 24 of the loading shaft 23 of the containers, located in the center plane of the vessel. The hatch covers 24 of the loading shaft 23 each have two strong horizontal doors with locks that open only during the operation of loading containers 15.

Containers 15, up to 30 units, are installed on the container deck 14 in two tiers, upper and lower, and are fixed along three axes. A gallery is formed between the containers on the container deck 14 on the container deck 14, along which the AUV can be moved on the transport trolley 9 towards the freight elevator 13. The back sides of the rows of containers on the left and right sides form two separate platforms 19 (two floors) on the left and right board. Each top tier container can be approached from the rear by moving along platform 19, which is flush with the top tier container. Service personnel can enter the inside of each container through its rear door 17 and perform the necessary actions.

The AUV carrier vessel also includes an onboard control center (BCU), designed for communication and control of all types of AUVs that are at sea on the performance of assigned tasks.

AUV can be stored for a long time on the shore before loading onto a carrier vessel in its container module, while providing:

- integrated security and passive defense of the stored object;

- rolling out (rolling) of the AUV from one container module to another;

- power supply of the AUV and container module systems from an internal energy source;

- maintaining the required microclimate inside the container module;

- GSM communication of the container module and the AUV with the unit commander in accordance with the accepted exchange protocol;

- periodic testing of AUV systems to check their operability with a report to the head of the department on the results of the check.

Thus, container modules with AUVs are kept in constant readiness for use.

AUV ship-floating base operates as follows.

1. Work with AUVs of large displacement.

a). Loading a large AUV from the shore to the ship. If the ship - the floating base of the AUV is at the quay wall with the starboard side, then the AUV can be lifted along it on the transport trolley 9 under the girder cranes 8 of the middle (lower) latchport, sharpen the AUV together with the trolley and lift it on the girder cranes, then pull the apparatus 4 to the gate 2. Then, the AUV on the transport trolley 9 is moved by the side to the cabin 13 of the freight elevator and can be moved further in the following directions (Fig. 8):

- horizontally (to the side) to another lacport (left side) on the same deck (the elevator car does not move in this case);

- horizontally (forward), and then left or right to another port (left or right side) on the same deck (the elevator car does not move);

- horizontally (backward), and then left or right to another port (left or right side) on the same deck (the elevator car does not move in this case);

- vertically (up) to the upper deck and further horizontally to any port on the left or right side (the elevator car moves up one floor);

- vertically (down) to the container deck 14 and further horizontally for final preparation for the mission or for repairs (the elevator car moves down one floor in this case).

b). Launching a large AUV into the sea. If the AUV base ship is at sea at the point of launching a large AUV into the water, then the following actions are performed when the AUV is launched:

- AUV 4 prepared for launching is located on the container deck;

- then the AUV is delivered by the elevator car 13 to the unoccupied gateway 2 and rolled up on the transport trolley 9 under the crane-beams 8 of the gateway 2;

- then the AUV is attached with slings to the crane-beams 8, and the jalousie door 7 of the gate 2 is retracted into the slotted niche above the ceiling;

- AUV on girder cranes 8 of the latchport 2 is moved overboard and is lowered onto the water on ropes;

- then the ropes are automatically (on command from the BCU) unhooked from the apparatus, and, at the command of the control system, it departs from the side of the ship-floating base and submerges under the water to fulfill its mission.

v). The rise of a large AUV from the water to the sea. If the ship - the floating base of the AUV is at sea at the point of lifting a large AUV on board, then the following actions are performed when the AUV is lifted:

- the operator, with the help of radio control commands from the BCU, brings the AUV that has surfaced to the surface of the ship;

- the crane-beams 8 of the latchport are moved overboard, and the cables are lowered to the water to sharpen the AUV;

- The AUV is lifted out of the water with cables to the level of the gate 2, and is pulled into it using the crane beams 8 of the gate, then the device is placed on the transport trolley 9 of the gate and fixed along the stowed one;

- then the AUV on the transport trolley 9 is delivered to the elevator cabin 13 and the device is delivered to the container deck 14.

2. Work with AUVs of medium and small displacement.

a). Loading the container with the AUV placed in it from the shore to the ship. Containers 15 with AUVs of small and medium displacement are delivered by road to the quay wall to the board of the AUV base ship. Next, the following actions are performed:

- all hatches 24 are opened on the ship (see Fig. 8) on all decks of the aft superstructure, while a shaft 23 for loading containers 15 is formed (see Fig. 7);

- the container 15 is lifted from the quay wall by a portal crane and loaded through the shaft 23 onto the container deck 14;

- then containers 15 are placed and fixed on deck 14 in two tiers - the lower tier and the upper tier on the port and starboard sides, so that a passage of sufficient width is formed between them for servicing the AUV;

- placed and fixed on the deck 14 containers 15 form two galleries on the port and starboard sides (see Fig. 7 b). For the passage of personnel inside each container of the gallery on the port or starboard side, there is a rear door 17, which can be entered either by moving along the deck 14 from the rear side of the gallery, or by moving along the platform 19.

b). Launching small or medium-sized AUVs into the sea. If the AUV floating base vessel is at sea at the point of launching a small or medium AUV into the water, then the following actions are performed:

- prepared for launching the AUV, is removed from the container 15 of the lower or upper tier of the left or right side by means of crane beams 18 containers 15 and together with the transport trolley 9 is placed in the passage between the galleries of containers (see Fig. 7 b);

- then the AUV on a transport trolley 9 is delivered to the elevator car 12 and rises to the deck of the lower gate ports, then the AUV rolls up to the free gate port and prepares for launching;

- The AUV is fixed with slings to one crane-beam 8 of the gate 3 and is lowered over the side of the vessel until it is in the water;

- then the sling ropes are automatically (by command from the BCU) uncoupled from the AUV and, at the command of the control system, it departs from the side of the ship-floating base and submerges under the water to fulfill its mission.

v). Lifting a small or medium AUV from the water to the sea. If the ship-floating base of the AUV is at sea at the point of lifting the AUV on board, then the following actions are performed:

- the operator, with the help of radio control commands, brings the AUV that has surfaced to the side of the ship;

- one crane beam 8 of the latchport 2 is lowered overboard, and the cable is lowered to the water to sharpen the AUV;

- The AUV rises from the water with cables, rises to the level of the gate 2, and is pulled into it with the help of a beam crane 8, then the device is placed on its transport trolley 9 and fixed along the traveling one;

- then the AUV on a transport trolley is rolled into the elevator car 13 and the apparatus 5 or 6 is delivered to the container deck 14 for maintenance and loading back into its container 15.

Thus, the totality of the claimed features of the invention provides the achievement of all the objectives posed by the development of this invention.

Claims (9)

1. The ship is a floating base of autonomous unmanned underwater vehicles (AUV), containing a hull equipped with a stern superstructure, in the side of which a hermetically sealed gate is made, equipped with two retractable crane beams for carrying out loading and lifting operations with an AUV, the ship's superstructure has at least six hatchways, located in two tiers on each side of the superstructure, while in the centreline of the ship in the aft superstructure in the area of the middle vertical row of gate ports, a cargo lift for the AUV is installed, including four vertical guide bearing racks that form the lift shaft, and a winch, which ensures the movement of the elevator car from the lower deck of the vessel to the deck of the upper row of lateral ports, the elevator car is equipped with four doors that provide the ability to move large AUVs on its transport trolley in all directions on any tier of the port ports to the container deck of the ship, in the center plane aft of the ship in the stern superstructure in the area of the vertical row of hatches, closer to the bow of the ship, in the decks of each tier of the superstructure and in its roof, on the same vertical, double-leaf hatches are made, by means of which a loading hatch is formed in the superstructure during loading / unloading of small and medium-sized AUVs in containers. shaft by simultaneously opening all double-leaf hatches. 2. The vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that for each large AUV, the base location on the vessel is allocated in the aft superstructure on the deck of its tier directly at the designated gate port on its standard transport trolley, fixed to the deck along the marching one. 3. The ship according to claim 1, characterized in that the doors of each double-leaf hatch are hinged and equipped with locks for fixing the doors both in the closed position to form the deck plane, and in the open position at an angle of 90 degrees relative to the decks to form the loading shaft. 4. The ship according to claim 1, characterized in that the container for storing and transporting small and medium-sized AUVs in it is made on the basis of a sea container, in the body of which there are two doors, and a shutter door is installed on the front side, sliding sideways for the whole the length of the container and intended for unloading the AUV, a sealed ship door for the passage of service personnel is installed in the side wall of the rear side of the container, and on the upper horizontal wall of the container there are two retractable cranes with an electric drive for lifting and unloading the AUV together with a transport trolley from the container to the container deck of the ship. 5. The ship according to claim 1, characterized in that each container for storage and transportation of small and medium-sized AUVs installed on the container deck is connected to the ship's power supply system. 6. The ship according to claim 1, characterized in that on the container deck, containers are installed and fixed in two tiers on the left and right sides of the vessel, with the formation of a gallery between the containers on the left and right sides on the container deck in the diametrical plane onto which the AUV and on which you can move the AUV on your transport trolley towards the freight elevator. 7. The ship according to claim 1, characterized in that decks are installed on the rear side of the rows of containers on the left and right sides, intended for the passage of personnel serving the AUV into the containers through their rear door. 8. The vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that each gate is equipped with a louver door. 9. The vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with an onboard control center for all AUVs.

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