RU2748074C1 - Method for stimulating the growth and development of wheat plants - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of agriculture. A method for stimulating the growth and development of wheat plants is proposed, including the treatment of seeds with silica-containing preparations. Presowing treatment of wheat seeds is carried out using soaking seeds for 120 minutes in the original hydrothermal solution of the Mutnovsky field, containing, mg/l Na+200-300; K+30-40; SO42-200-300; Cl-200-300; H3BO3100; H2CO340-60; also Ca, Mg, Al, Mn, Zn up to 20, as well as orthosilicic acid 50-100 and SiO2nanoparticles 300-500, or diluted with water up to 50 times the original solutions.EFFECT:allows to increase germination energy and seed germination.1 cl, 2 tbl, 4 ex

Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular to plant growing, and can find application in the preparation of seeds for sowing and early production of microgreens.

There is a known method in which a synthetic analogue of the phytohormone auxin - crezacin is used in the pre-sowing treatment of seeds, which is mixed with a solution of diphenylurea (patent No. 2370936, published 20.05.2009, IPC А01С 1/06)

The known method, in which to increase seed germination using crezacin in a mixture with humate and polyvinyl acetate (Patent No. 2297129, published 04/20/2007, IPC A01C 1/06) 05/10/2016).

However, these technical solutions are rather complicated, since they require additional administration of stimulating substances.

The closest technical solution is a method where an aqueous sol of nanosilica is used as a germination stimulator to increase the yield of zucchini fruits (Zelenkov V.N., Petrichenko V.N., Potapov V.V. Influence of hydrothermal nanosilica on productivity, quality of zucchini fruits and the level accumulation of biogenic microelements and toxic elements of lead and cadmium / Collection of scientific papers "Non-traditional natural resources, innovative technologies and products." Issue 25. - M .: RANS, 2017. S. 43-50).

In the known prototype method, an aqueous sol of nanosilica is used as a dosed, double foliar feeding on a leaf of squash plants in the initial phase of photosynthesis with the first 4-5 leaves and in the phase of mass budding - the beginning of flowering, which narrows the spread of this plant development stimulant, complicates the technology of its use , and does not answer the practical questions of the possibilities of using this stimulant of natural origin for grain crops in the initial stages of plant development - germination of seeds for pre-sowing preparation for widespread use in crop production and for use in technologies of a new direction of vegetable growing for obtaining microgreens based on germinated wheat seeds for use as biologically active food additives alone or ingredients of "confetti" salads.

Also, the use of an aqueous sol of nanosilica obtained using membrane technologies for purification, polycondensation of orthosilicic acid when it is concentrated using the initial hydrothermal water of the Mutnovskoye field increases the cost of the technology of presowing seed treatment and subsequent production of microgreens from wheat seedlings.

The technical result is the expansion of the possibility of using natural aqueous silicon-containing mineral resources with the expansion of their field of application in agricultural production to increase the germination of wheat seeds and further growth and development of plants for the implementation of technologies for obtaining microgreens on this basis, or as a pre-sowing seed treatment for open ground.

The technical solution of the claimed object is that, unlike the prototype, wheat seeds are soaked for 120 minutes in the original silicon-containing hydrothermal water (HTW) of the Mutnovsky field (Kamchatka) or in its diluted with water up to 50 times solutions

The method is carried out as follows

The solution used in seed treatment is a natural silicon-containing hydrothermal water with a high content of silicon compounds in the form of its various compounds.

The quantitative chemical composition of the hydrothermal silicon water of the Mutnovskoye field includes (mg / l): Na ⁺ - 200-300; K ⁺ - 30-40; SO ₄ ² - - 200-300; Cl ^- - 200-300; H ₃ BO ₃ - 100; H ₂ CO ₃ -40-60; also Ca, Mg, Al, Mn, Zn - up to 20. Content of SiO2 nanoparticles - 300-500 mg / l, orthosilicic acid molecules (OCC) - 50-100. The pH of the silicon-containing hydrothermal solution is 8.5-9.3.

The high silicon content in the hydrothermal water of the Mutnovskoye field provides effective stimulation of winter wheat seeds during germination in the dark, increases the germination energy and germination of seeds, and also contributes to an increase in the growth of sprouts and an increase in their productivity in terms of microgreen biomass.

The implementation of the method is shown in the examples below.

Example 1. Used the hydrothermal water of the Mutnovsky field in its natural form. Seeds of winter wheat Moskovskaya 39 were soaked in the original natural hydrothermal water for 120 minutes.

As a control, the seeds were treated with distilled water, keeping them in it for 120 minutes. Then 50 seeds of plants were placed on blocks of mineral wool with dimensions of 25x18 (450 cm ² ). For each variant of seed treatment, both with distilled water and with a hydrothermal solution, 3 replicates of the experiment were carried out. Germination of wheat seeds was carried out in the dark in accordance with GOST 12038-84 ("Agricultural seeds. Methods for determining germination". - M. Standartinform, 2011).

The germination of wheat seeds was tested on the 7th day of germination in the dark in a thermostat at room temperature (22 ° C). On the 3rd day of seed germination, their germination energy was determined. Thermostating of plant seeds during germination was carried out while maintaining the moistening of mineral wool with distilled water.

Example 2. For soaking wheat seeds, an aqueous solution based on natural silicon hydrothermal water (HTW) of the Mutnovsky field was used, which was diluted with distilled water in a ratio of 1/5, respectively.

To do this, we used 100 ml of the original HTV, which was diluted with distilled water to a volume of 500 ml with stirring at room temperature.

Treatment of winter wheat seeds Moskovskaya 39 with the obtained solution of 5-fold dilution of HTV and germination was carried out in the same way as in the above scheme in example 1.

Example 3. For soaking wheat seeds, a solution based on a 10-fold dilution of the original HTV with distilled water was used

For this, 250 ml of a solution of 5-fold dilution of the original HTG obtained in example 2 was used, which was diluted 2-fold with distilled water, bringing the volume of the solution to 500 ml with stirring at room temperature.

The processing of winter wheat seeds Moskovskaya 39 with the obtained solution of 10-fold dilution of HTV and germination was carried out similarly to the scheme shown in example 1, 2.

Example 4. For soaking wheat seeds, a solution was used based on a 50-fold dilution of the original HTV with distilled water

To do this, we used 100 ml of a 10-fold dilution solution of the original HTG obtained in example 3, diluted 5 times with distilled water, bringing the solution volume to 500 ml with stirring at room temperature.

Treatment of seeds of winter wheat variety Moskovskaya 39 with the obtained solution with a working solution of 50-fold dilution of HTV and germination was carried out similarly to the scheme shown in example 1, 2 and 3.

The test results of the implementation of the method are shown in tables 1 and 2.

As can be seen from Tables 1 and 2, the use of hydrothermal water from the Mutnovskoye field has a positive effect on the stage of germination of winter wheat seeds in its investigated dilutions with distilled water. The maximum effect of increasing the energy of germination and germination of seeds is observed in solutions with 5-fold dilution of the original HTG with distilled water, which amounted to 18.8% and 9.9%, respectively (Table 1).

The maximum effect of the use of silicon-containing hydrothermal water from the Mutnovskoye field in terms of increasing the height and weight of wheat germs was 19.8% and 21.3%, respectively, for undiluted HTW with a decrease in the effect to 9.9% and 11.0% for its maximally diluted to 50 times with water solutions (Table 2).

Table 1. Influence of natural silicon-containing hydrothermal water of the Mutnovskoye field on the germination energy (%) and germination (%) of winter wheat seeds Moskovskaya 39

Experience Option Germination energy,% Increase in seed germination energy,% Germination,% Increase in seed germination,% Initial GTV 92 10.9 95 4.4 5-fold dilution of GTV 98 18.1 100 9.9 10-fold dilution of GTV 95 14.5 97 6.6 50-fold dilution of GTV 95 14.5 98 7,7 control 83 - 91 -

Table 2. Height, productivity of seedlings when germinating in the dark seeds of winter wheat Moskovskaya 39 on the 7th day from sowing

Experience Option Sprout height, cm Increase in sprout height,% Weight of 100 sprouts, g Increase in the mass of sprouts,% Initial GTV 23.0 19.8 18.8 21.3 5-fold dilution of GTV 22.8 18.8 18.1 16.8 10-fold dilution of GTV 22.2 15.6 17.5 12.9 50-fold dilution of GTV 21.1 9.9 17.2 11.0 control 19.2 - 15.5 -

The data obtained allow us to conclude that the silicon-containing hydrothermal water of the Mutnovskoye field is a stimulator of plant development during germination of wheat seeds and can be used without additional costs for pre-sowing seed treatment, to simplify the method and expand its scope.

Claims (1)

A method of stimulating the growth and development of wheat plants, including the treatment of seeds with silica-containing preparations, characterized in that the pre-sowing treatment of wheat seeds is carried out using soaking seeds for 120 minutes in the original hydrothermal solution of the Mutnovsky deposit, containing, mg / l: Na ⁺ 200-300; K ⁺ 30-40; SO ₄ ^2- 200-300; Cl ^- 200-300; H ₃ BO ₃ 100; H ₂ CO ₃ 40-60; also Ca, Mg, Al, Mn, Zn up to 20, as well as orthosilicic acid 50-100 and SiO ₂ nanoparticles 300-500, or in diluted water up to 50 times the original solutions.