RU2739950C1 - Beverage from rosebay leaves with increased content of potassium, magnesium, alanine, vitamin b6 and gamma-aminobutyric acid - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to food industry, in particular, to tea production. Method of producing tea beverage from rosebay leaves includes the following steps: frosting rosebay leaves at a temperature of -45 °C to 0 °C or cooling to temperature below dew point, their heating up to 25–35 °C and milling until homogeneous plant mass is obtained, treatment of the obtained mass with aqueous 0.5–1 % solution of vitamin B6 and aqueous 20–25 % solution of a mixture of potassium and magnesium salts of glutamic acid, fermentation at 35–45°C for 4–16 hours and drying at temperature 55–65 °C to final moisture content of not more than 14 %, wherein the plant mass is treated with an aqueous solution of vitamin B6 based on 0.10–0.25 g of vitamin B6 per 1 kg of said mass and an aqueous solution of a mixture of potassium and magnesium salts of glutamic acid in amount of 10.8–12.6 g of mixture thereof per 1 kg of weight, wherein to prepare a solution of glutamic acid salts, potassium and magnesium salts are mixed in ratio of 10:1–1:10.EFFECT: invention allows to produce a beverage with high biological value, as well as increase yield of GABA during fermentation.1 cl, 1 tbl, 17 ex

Description

The invention relates to the food industry, namely to tea production and relates to tea made from fireweed, which has an increased biological value. The invention is aimed at developing a new tea product from fireweed.

Narrow-leaved fireweed (or Ivan-tea, lat. - Epilóbium angustifolium or Chamaenérion angustifolium) is a perennial root-sprouting plant with a smooth unbranched stem reaching a height of 1.5-2.0 m. For many centuries, all parts of narrow-leaved fireweed have been used as medicinal raw materials. The leaves of fireweed, after being harvested, have withered and fermented with subsequent drying, have a look and taste similar to black tea.

Fireweed has the highest coefficient of anti-inflammatory action among the studied plants of the domestic flora https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D1%87%D0%B0% D0% B9_% D1% 83% D0% B7% D0% BA% D0% BE% D0% BB% D0% B8% D1% 81% D1% 82% D0% BD% D1% 8B% D0% B9 - cite_note- _67c99e4548c4394f-10. Fireweed is effective at high blood pressure, has a sedative effect, improves immunity. The leaves of fireweed also contain vitamins (carotene, vitamin C), macro- and microelements - potassium, calcium, iron, copper, magnesium, manganese, nickel, titanium, molybdenum, boron. The unique composition of fireweed determines a wide range of its therapeutic and prophylactic action.

Since the state currently considers the "policy of healthy nutrition" as an important factor in strengthening the health of Russian citizens, issues related to the development of new products with increased biological value, prepared using widespread and affordable domestic plant materials, are of particular relevance.

The active ingredients included in the fireweed not only provide a fairly wide range of beneficial effects, but also carry the potential to expand the functional properties of the product based on it. In this regard, we have set the task to increase the biological value of fireweed by increasing the bioavailability of the active components contained in this plant, as well as through the additional introduction of enriching components in the form of potassium and magnesium ions. Despite the fact that they are contained in Ivan tea, their level is low, given that one of the most common forms of micronutrient deficiencies at the moment is a deficiency of potassium and magnesium.

Various fireweed leaf products are known in the art.

A tea drink from fireweed is known, obtained by sorting plant raw materials, grinding, fermentation, drying in two stages and sorting fireweed leaves, and drying was carried out in two stages, at the first stage - at a temperature of 35-40 ° C for 1.5-2 , 5 hours, and at the second stage - at a temperature of 50-55 ° C until the relative humidity of the finished product is 8.5-9.5%. The finished product contains tannins - at least 10 wt. %, polysaccharides - not less than 7.5 wt. %, flavonoids - not less than 2.4 wt. %, vitamin C - not less than 0.05 wt. % and beta-carotene - not less than 0.0015 wt. % (RU 2469546 C1, 20.12.2012).

The disadvantage of the known technical solution is the absence of a withering process and, thus, obtaining a product with poor physical, chemical and organoleptic characteristics.

Withering is the first technological process of tea production, in which the physical, mechanical and biochemical preparation of raw materials occurs. Physiological and biochemical processes (metabolism, respiration, etc.), which usually take place in the living tissue of the tea shoot before it is harvested, continue in the torn shoot. The purpose of withering is to change the direction and intensity of these processes, change the chemical composition and physical and mechanical properties of the tea leaf and prepare it for further processing. The most intensive changes in the leaf occur under conditions of water deficit, when the concentration of cell sap and dry matter - alkaloids, carbohydrates, etc. increases (II Tsotsiashvili, MA Bokuchaeva "Chemistry and technology of tea", M .: "Agropromizdat ", 1989, 390 p.). In addition, the finished product also does not contain a sufficient amount of such valuable biologically active substances as gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), vitamin B6 and alanine.

Also known is a tea drink from fireweed, obtained by sorting and wilting fireweed to a humidity of 55-65% at a temperature of 20-24 ° C for 24 hours, twisting, fermentation for 3-4.5 hours at a temperature of 28-32 ° C, drying to a residual moisture content of 12%, followed by blending with various vegetable raw materials, including black tea (RU 2528733 C1, 20.09.2014).

The disadvantage of the known technical solution is to obtain a finished product with a low content of potentially available biologically active substances, since one-stage fermentation of fireweed is used, aimed not at increasing the biological value of raw materials, but only contributing to the production of a product with certain organoleptic characteristics. At the same time, the increase in the biological value of the finished product is ensured by mixing fireweed tea with other plant raw materials, and not by means of processing fireweed.

There is a known method for the production of tea from fireweed (RU 2124843 C1, 20.01.1999), which provides, after collecting and drying the raw material, grinding and granulating it with a granule size of 1-3 mm. When dried in a natural way, the raw materials are placed on racks with a layer thickness of 80-150 mm. Withering is carried out at temperatures of 20-25 ° C for 24-72 hours. An increase in the temperature of withering above 25 ° C is undesirable, since in this case, along with normally withered leaves, there will also be withers with a moisture content of less than 45%, while withering will be uneven ... When dried by artificial means, for example using drying machines, the layer thickness is 150-400 mm, while the raw material is blown with air, which can be heated. When withering artificially, the duration of the withering process is 2-10 hours. Control of the end of the withering process is carried out by the residual moisture content, which should be 50-60%.

After the raw material has dried, it is ground and mainly granulated, and the resulting semi-finished product is immediately fermented to improve the quality of the product obtained after fermentation, since the uniformity of fermentation of various parts of the raw material is ensured due to a significant increase in its surface after grinding.

After fermentation of the obtained semi-finished product, it is dried in a vacuum chamber at a pressure of 10-70 mm Hg. and a temperature of 30-45 ° C for 3-6 hours. The layer thickness of the dried semi-finished product is selected in the range of 20-30 mm. At the end of the drying process, the vacuum chamber is exposed to the atmosphere, the resulting product is cooled at atmospheric pressure to room temperature. The drying process ends when the relative humidity of the final product reaches 5-14%. The tea obtained in this way has a high content of vitamins C and A, tannin and a high quality of aroma, taste, infusion and boiling.

The disadvantage of this product, taking into account the stages of the method of its production, is the lack of enrichment with trace elements with potassium and magnesium, as well as the absence of an increase in the content of GABA, alanine and vitamin B6 in the final product.

There is also a known method for producing tea from fireweed with increased biological value (RU 2692619 C1, 06/25/2019), in which fireweed leaves are collected, sorted, wilted to a moisture content of 55-70% and rolled. The rolled sheet is treated with a solution of vitamin B6 at the rate of 75-140 mg of vitamin per 1 kg of raw material. The processed leaf is subjected to a two-stage fermentation. The first stage of fermentation is carried out in the dark under anaerobic conditions, under vacuum at a pressure of 30-100 mm Hg. or in an environment saturated with nitrogen or carbon dioxide for 1-6 hours at a temperature of 31-50 ° C.

The second stage of fermentation is carried out under aerobic conditions at a temperature of 24-35 ° C until fruity notes form in the smell and the product color changes to a characteristic dark green. The product is dried to a residual moisture content of 7-12%. This known method makes it possible to obtain tea from fireweed with an increased biological value, namely: in the process of two-stage fermentation under the indicated modes in the final product, the alanine content is 445-770 mg per 100 g of the finished product, vitamin B6 - 25-45 mg per 100 g, GABA - 630-1100 mg per 100 g.

The disadvantage of this technology is the lack of enrichment of the final product with an increased content of trace elements potassium and magnesium due to the ongoing technological stages of production.

Another method of producing tea from fireweed with two-stage fermentation is also known from the prior art (RU 2689726, 28.05.2019). However, two-stage fermentation leads to increased labor costs of production. At the same time, the final product, although it has an increased biological value due to the increased content of GABA, vitamin B6 and alanine, is, however, not enriched with a number of useful microelements. The method provides for the production of GABA and alanine directly in the product during the fermentation of fireweed tea leaves by controlling the fermentation conditions of plant raw materials, including by controlling the temperature, humidity, composition of the atmosphere and the time of the process. The method includes the stages of processing fireweed leaves with a solution of vitamin B6, carrying out a two-stage fermentation for 1-6 hours at a temperature of 31-50 ° C, drying the product to residual moisture.

In this case, the leaves of fireweed are pre-wilted to a moisture content of 55-70%, twisted and treated with a solution of vitamin B6 at the rate of 75-140 mg of vitamin B6 per 1 kg of raw material. A two-stage fermentation is carried out. The first stage of fermentation is carried out in the dark, under anaerobic conditions, under vacuum at a pressure of 30-100 mm Hg. or in an environment saturated with nitrogen or carbon dioxide for 1-6 hours at a temperature of 31-50 ° C. The second stage of fermentation is carried out under aerobic conditions at a temperature of 24-35 ° C until fruity notes form in the smell and the product color changes to a characteristic dark green. Ready tea contains GABA in the amount of 630-1100 mg per 100 g, vitamin B6 in the amount of 25-45 mg per 100 g and alanine in the amount of 445-770 mg per 100 g of the finished product.

The disadvantage of this known method is the low content of GABA in the final product due to the low content of the precursor GABA (glutamic acid) in the feedstock.

Also known from the prior art is a drink made from a leaf of fireweed, for the preparation of which fireweed is subjected to withering to a residual moisture content of 50-60%, freezing at a temperature of (-10) - (- 20) ° C for 9-15 hours, grinding, heat treatment, fermentation, grinding, granulating and drying (RU 2095994 C1, 20.11.1997).

The disadvantage of the known technical solution is to obtain tea from fireweed with a low content of biologically active components by using heat treatment at relatively high temperatures. In addition, the finished product does not include a sufficient amount of such valuable biologically active substances as gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), vitamin B6 and alanine.

A method of producing tea from fireweed with an increased biological value due to the increased content of GABA is also known from the prior art (RU 2706553 C1, 11/19/2019, prototype ). Raw materials from fireweed leaves are frozen at a temperature of -45 ° C to 0 ° C (hereinafter "the freezing temperature range") or cooled, but not frozen, to a temperature below the dew point under the conditions for collecting fresh leaves of fireweed (hereinafter "the cooling temperature range") , after which it is heated to a temperature of 15-25 ° C, followed by grinding until a homogeneous plant mass is obtained. The resulting mass is treated with an aqueous 0.5-1% solution of vitamin B6 at the rate of 0.10-0.25 g of vitamin B6 per 1 kg of this plant mass and an aqueous 5% suspension of glutamic acid or an aqueous 20-25% solution of sodium, or potassium, or magnesium, or calcium, or ammonium, or lithium, or zinc salt of glutamic acid at the rate of 6.4-10.6 g of glutamic acid or the specified salt per 1 kg of plant mass, followed by fermentation of the mass at 22- 40 ° C for 2-10 hours, after which drying is carried out to obtain the finished product.

Grinding of raw materials includes cutting in a grinder and then scrolling in a meat grinder.

A solution of vitamin B6 is prepared by dissolving a solid in water, namely 0.10-0.25 g of vitamin B6 in water.

The dew point, as you know, is the temperature to which the air must cool in order for the vapor contained in it to reach saturation and begin to condense into dew. The dew point is determined by the relative humidity of the air. The higher the relative humidity, the higher the dew point and closer to the actual air temperature. The lower the relative humidity, the lower the dew point of the actual temperature. If the relative humidity is 100%, then the dew point is the same as the actual temperature.

So, for example, at a relative humidity of 50% and an air temperature of 12 ° C, the dew point temperature is + 1.9 ° C, and at a relative humidity of 68% and an air temperature of 18 ° C, the dew point temperature is + 12 ° C.

In a known method, an aqueous suspension of glutamic acid or a solution of a salt of glutamic acid is prepared by suspending or dissolving a solid in water, namely 6.4-10.6 g of glutamic acid or a salt of glutamic acid in water.

The fermentation process can then be carried out in a container without access to light, which reduces the degree of activation of alternative enzymatic complexes that occur in the presence of direct illumination and compete with the target process. So carrying out the fermentation process without access to light allows you to further increase the yield of the final GABA product during the fermentation process.

Drying of the finished product in the known method is carried out at 30-55 ° C for 6-12 hours until the final moisture content is reached. At this temperature, a product with a maximum GABA content is obtained, and it has been established that a further increase in the drying temperature (above 55 ° C) leads to a decrease in the GABA content in the final product. It was also found that the creation of temperature stress by pre-freezing fireweed leaves to a temperature inside the "freezing temperature range" or cooling to a temperature inside the "cooling temperature range" and subsequent heating to a room temperature of 15-25 ° C, as well as adding 0.5% - 1% solution of vitamin B6 at the rate of 0.10-0.25 g of vitamin B6 per 1 kg of the specified plant mass and a 5% aqueous suspension of glutamic acid or a 20-25% aqueous solution of its salt from the number indicated at the rate of 6, 4-10.6 g of glutamic acid or the specified salt per 1 kg of plant mass into the ground plant mass mutually stimulates a significant increase in the activity in the raw material of glutamate decarboxylase, a natural enzyme that catalyzes the formation of GABA from salts of glutamic acid or glutamic acid itself. Apparently, the creation of thermal stress in combination with the addition of active components (B6 solutions, glutamic acid salts or glutamic acid suspensions) in the stated ratios and concentrations together leads to a significant increase in the effect due to the appearance of a synergistic increase in the activity of glutamate decarboxylase in the raw material. This leads to an increase in the rate and efficiency of GABA synthesis in plant matter and the fermentation process in general. As a result, a reduction in the labor intensity of the process is achieved without the need for multi-stage fermentation to obtain an increased content of GABA in the mass, which greatly simplifies the method of producing a drink from fireweed.

In the course of experiments, it was revealed that the addition of glutamic acid or some salts of glutamic acid (sodium, or potassium, or magnesium, or calcium, or ammonium, or lithium, or zinc) in the above concentrations to frozen or cooled and reheated, mechanically processed sheet of ivan tea without the traditional technology of withering, rolling and fermentation allows a one-step natural fermentation process to convert glutamic acid or its salt into GABA, which simplifies the process, reducing its labor intensity, with the production of a product with a high GABA content (up to 3 g of GABA per 100 g dry product). It also turned out that the efficiency of GABA synthesis during fermentation depends on the amount of vitamin B6 and glutamic acid or its salt introduced into the plant mass.

The disadvantage of this known method (prototype) is the impossibility of obtaining a product with an increased level of magnesium and potassium at the same time, while maintaining a high content in the final product of GABA, vitamin B6 and alanine. At the same time, it is the synergistic effect of these microelements that could have a particularly beneficial effect on the treatment and prevention of a wide range of problems of the cardiovascular and nervous systems.

Currently, there are various ways to increase the content of these essential micronutrients in food.

A general method for increasing the content of target compounds in products is to add these compounds in the form of water-soluble salts to drinks, or powder mixtures for their preparation, in an encapsulated form as part of multivitamins or tablets for remineralization of the body.

The disadvantage of these methods is either the reduced bioavailability of microelements in complex compositions, or the need to prepare specialized drinks, or take tablets.

The technical problem to be solved by the claimed invention lies in the development of a simple, non-laborious method of producing a drink from fireweed with a high content, in addition to GABA, vitamin B6 and alanine, also essential trace elements, namely: magnesium and potassium, working in a synergistic balance, in the presence of 2 amino acids (alanine and GABA), which are transporters of the aforementioned trace elements into the cells.

One of the most common forms of micronutrient deficiencies at the moment is magnesium and potassium deficiency.

Magnesium is essential for over 300 biochemical functions in the body, including glucose metabolism, protein production and synthesis of nucleic acids (such as DNA), maintaining nerve and muscle function, and increasing bone strength.

Magnesium helps manage stress by participating in electrical and energy metabolism in nerve, skeletal, and smooth muscle cells. All this cellular metabolism means that when magnesium is low, a person lacks the resources to cope with stress and manage their life. In addition to strength and stability, magnesium provides protection against irritability, anxiety and other emotional manifestations of stress, and is even able to relieve its physical manifestations - increased fatigue, convulsions or tics.

Magnesium deficiency in the body is a fairly common phenomenon that occurs in 10-15% of the population of developed countries. An increased intake of magnesium is recommended for pregnant women and athletes during periods of heavy physical activity.

Potassium, in turn, helps to regulate the water and salt balance in body fluids at the intracellular level, activates a number of enzymes, is part of the transport systems of the cell membrane, and is required for the normal functioning of brain cells and the whole organism.

Lack of the trace element potassium in the body leads to nervous exhaustion and depression, muscle weakness, deterioration of the kidneys and heart, decreased immunity, dry skin and brittle hair, increased breathing, reproductive disorders. As a rule, a lack of potassium is associated with an insufficient intake of it into the body with food, with disorders of the urinary and sympatho-adrenaline systems, nervous and physical overload, an excess of sodium (for example, salt in food).

With a lack of both potassium and magnesium, the natural work of the heart muscle is disrupted. It becomes more difficult for her to get oxygen and those nutrients that are delivered through the blood. Our muscles cannot do without potassium and magnesium. This "duet" participates in the mechanism of their contraction with each movement, while magnesium promotes the absorption of potassium. Therefore, it is necessary to simultaneously replenish the deficiency of potassium and magnesium in the body.

The maintenance of potassium and magnesium levels is so important that a special composition has been developed - a mixture of potassium and magnesium salts of aspartic amino acid (asparcam drug), used in complex therapy for heart failure, coronary heart disease, hypokalemia, heart rhythm disorders. Moreover, the role of aspartic acid is to facilitate the penetration of potassium and magnesium into the intracellular space. It should be noted that it is GABA, like a number of other amino acids, that facilitates the transport of potassium and magnesium ions into cells.

In addition to the transport function, GABA itself is the most important inhibitory neurotransmitter of the central nervous system, it is contained in the central nervous system and takes part in metabolic processes in the brain, under its influence the energy processes of the brain are activated, the respiratory activity of tissues increases, the utilization of glucose by the brain and blood supply are improved. GABA relieves nervous tension and has a good calming effect.

Also, the proposed solution provides a high content of the amino acid alanine and vitamin B6 in the product. Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) is a vitamin that, being a coenzyme, participates in the reactions of synthesis and exchange of amino acids, especially tryptophan, lipids and nucleic acids, participates in maintaining the immune response, in the processes of inhibition and excitation in the central and peripheral nervous systems, i.e. e. is necessary for their normal functioning. It contributes to the normal formation of red blood cells, maintenance of normal blood homocysteine levels, and has a positive effect on the acid-forming function of the stomach. In addition, vitamin B6 is a coenzyme of glutamate decarboxylase, an enzyme that promotes the synthesis of GABA from the glutamic amino acid, and also promotes the absorption of magnesium.

Alanine contributes to the normalization of glucose metabolism, increases the efficiency and physical endurance of the body, participates in the processes of carbohydrate metabolism, is necessary for the liver and detoxification of the body during high physical exertion.

The technical result achieved during the implementation of the claimed invention consists in the development of a simple and effective method of obtaining (providing the specified need with a product) based on willow tea with an increased content of trace elements and biologically active substances, balanced in terms of cumulative effects on the body with increased loads, stresses, problems with the cardiovascular system and for the prevention of diseases of the nervous system.

The task is solved by the fact that a new product is proposed - tea from fireweed leaves with an increased biological value, characterized by the fact that

freeze leaves of fireweed at a temperature of -45 ° C to 0 ° C or cool to a temperature below the dew point,

after which fireweed leaves are heated to a temperature in the range from 25 to 35 ° С and grinding until a homogeneous plant mass is obtained,

the resulting mass is treated with an aqueous 0.5-1% solution of vitamin B6 and an aqueous 20-25% solution of a mixture of potassium and magnesium salts of glutamic acid,

while the material is treated with an aqueous solution of vitamin B6 at the rate of 0.10-0.25 g of vitamin B6 per 1 kg of the specified plant mass and an aqueous solution of a mixture of potassium and magnesium salts of glutamic acid at the rate of 10.8-12.6 g of their mixture per 1 kg of plant mass, and for the preparation of a solution of salts of glutamic acid, potassium and magnesium salts are mixed in a ratio of 10: 1-1: 10.

The resulting mass is fermented at 35-45 ° C for 4-16 hours, after which it is dried at a temperature of 55-65 ° C to obtain a finished product with a residual moisture content of not more than 14%.

Grinding of raw materials includes cutting in a grinder, then it is possible to carry out a granulation process to obtain a granular product.

The heating of fireweed leaves to a temperature of 25-35 ° C can be carried out with withering to a humidity of 55-65% for 1 hour. After withering, the raw material is fed onto mechanical rollers for rolling for 20 minutes.

The processing of rolled leaves of fireweed before fermentation can be carried out by spraying aqueous solutions of substances on plant raw materials or by irrigation with these solutions with constant stirring for 15 minutes.

The plant mass is placed in a plastic box and tamped tightly and covered with a tight lid, ensuring homogeneous conditions for subsequent fermentation.

In addition, we experimentally found that the operating temperature range for anaerobic fermentation is 35-45 ° C, since it is optimal for the conversion of glutamic acid to GABA as a result of the decarboxylation reaction, accompanied by the release of carbon dioxide. Fermentation of a tightly packed intermediate product in a closed container without access to light makes it possible to reduce the degree of activation of alternative enzymatic complexes that take place in the presence of direct illumination and compete with the target process.

At the same time, the accumulation of carbon dioxide, which displaces oxygen from the fermentation vessel, provides an anaerobic environment without the additional cost of creating an oxygen-free atmosphere. Thus, this simple technical solution makes it possible to further increase the yield of the final product of GABA during fermentation, but at the same time it allows to complete the process of obtaining finished tea with a high content of potassium, magnesium, GABA, as well as vitamin B6 and alanine and characteristic organoleptic characteristics - dark green color and fruity notes in the scent.

Drying of the fermented product is carried out by any of the known methods: convective, microwave, infrared, freeze drying, etc. to a residual moisture content of 10%.

Tea made from fireweed leaves can be used both for direct consumption and for preparing blends with black and / or green tea, and / or with other herbal raw materials.

In the process of implementing the method, it was possible to obtain a new tea (tea drink) from fireweed with an increased biological value due to the increased content, in comparison with the known products of willow tea, ions of potassium, magnesium, GABA, as well as vitamin B6 and alanine while simplifying the production method.

We have experimentally found that obtaining a new tea from fireweed leaves containing per 100 g of product:

- gamma-aminobutyric acid in the amount of 1200-1700 mg

- vitamin B6 in the amount of 20-35 mg

- alanine in the amount of 350-640 mg

- potassium in the amount of 2500-3000 mg

- magnesium in the amount of 820-1100 mg,

provided by processing fireweed leaves using the above technological methods:

freeze leaves of fireweed at a temperature of -45 ° C to 0 ° C or cool to a temperature below the dew point,

after which fireweed leaves are heated to a temperature in the range from 25 to 35 ° С and grinding until a homogeneous plant mass is obtained,

the resulting mass is treated with an aqueous 0.5-1% solution of vitamin B6 and an aqueous 20-25% solution of a mixture of potassium and magnesium salts of glutamic acid,

while the material is treated with an aqueous solution of vitamin B6 at the rate of 0.10-0.25 g of vitamin B6 per 1 kg of the specified plant mass and an aqueous solution of a mixture of potassium and magnesium salts of glutamic acid at the rate of 10.8-12.6 g of their mixture per 1 kg of plant mass, and for the preparation of a solution of salts of glutamic acid, potassium and magnesium salts are mixed in a ratio of 10: 1-1: 10.

The resulting mass is fermented at 35-45 ° C for 4-16 hours, after which it is dried at a temperature of 55-65 ° C to obtain a finished product with a residual moisture content of not more than 14%.

The technology for obtaining new tea from fireweed with increased biological value was developed and verified in detail by us, each stage is important for obtaining a finished product containing the specified quantitative set of useful substances in their entirety. So, the finished product - tea made from fireweed leaves is characterized not only by an increased content of GABA, alanine, vitamin B6, but also potassium and magnesium ions due to the above methods of the method of obtaining and processing modes of fireweed. At the same time, due to the increased content of biologically active substances, the resulting tea from fireweed has an increased level of biological value. Therefore, the claimed set of features contributes to the achievement of the specified technical result. The presented set of essential features of the proposed technical solution is new and does not follow explicitly from the prior art, i.e. meets the criteria of "novelty" and "inventive step".

The essence of the present method is illustrated by Examples 1-17.

Examples 1-17 illustrate the preparation of the product under various temperature conditions for processing raw materials and as a result of processing fireweed leaves with aqueous solutions of vitamin B6 and a mixture of potassium glutamate and magnesium glutamate in various concentrations.

Moreover, examples 1-7, 14-17 demonstrate the manufacture of a product according to the present method. The rest of the examples are for comparison.

Example 1.

1 kg of fresh leaves of fireweed frozen at a temperature of -20 ° C is heated to a temperature of + 27.5 ° C and kept for 40 minutes at this temperature.

Then the heated raw material is crushed until a homogeneous plant mass is obtained. A 0.5% aqueous solution of vitamin B6 is added to the resulting mass (to prepare the solution, 0.1 g of vitamin B6 was weighed per 1 kg of the resulting plant mass) and a 20% aqueous solution of salts - potassium glutamate and magnesium glutamate (to prepare a solution 5.4 g of potassium glutamate and 5.4 g of magnesium glutamate were weighed, i.e., the ratio is 1: 1, in total - 10.8 g, using this amount per 1 kg of the obtained plant mass).

The plant mass is mixed, placed in a plastic container and tamped tightly, closed with a tight lid, ensuring homogeneous conditions for subsequent fermentation at 35 ° C for 16 hours, after which it is dried at a temperature of 55 ° C to obtain a finished product with a residual moisture of 10% ...

The final product contains in 100 g, mg:

- gamma-aminobutyric acid - 1400

- vitamin B6 - 35

- alanine - 630

- potassium - 2500

- magnesium - 1100.

Example 2.

1 kg of fresh leaves of fireweed frozen at a temperature of -15 ° C is heated to a temperature of + 25 ° C.

Then the dried raw material is crushed until a homogeneous plant mass is obtained. A 1% solution of vitamin B6 is added to the resulting mass (to prepare the solution, 0.12 g of vitamin B6 was weighed per 1 kg of plant mass) and a 22% solution of potassium glutamate and magnesium glutamate. To prepare a mixture of salts, 10 g of potassium glutamate and 20.2 g of magnesium glutamate were weighed, i.e. in a ratio of salts in a mixture of ~ 1: 2, the mixture to obtain an aqueous solution was used in an amount of 11 g / kg of plant mass.

The plant mass is mixed, placed in a plastic container and tamped tightly, closed with a tight lid, ensuring homogeneous conditions for subsequent fermentation at 38 ° C for 16 hours, after which it is dried at a temperature of 60 ° C to obtain a finished product having a residual moisture of 14% ...

The final product contains in 100 g, mg:

- gamma-aminobutyric acid - 1200

- vitamin B6 - 35

- alanine - 640

- potassium - 2500

- magnesium - 1100.

Example 3.

1 kg of fresh leaves of fireweed frozen at a temperature of -45 ° C is heated to a temperature of + 25.2 ° C with withering to a humidity of 55% for 1 hour.

Then the dried raw material is fed to mechanical rollers for twisting, followed by grinding until a homogeneous plant mass is obtained, 20 minutes. To the resulting mass by spraying, add a 0.5% aqueous solution of vitamin B6 (to prepare the solution, weighed 0.1 g of vitamin B6 per 1 kg of the resulting plant mass) and a 20% aqueous solution of salts - potassium glutamate and magnesium glutamate (for preparation of the solution, 1.8 g of potassium glutamate and 9 g of magnesium glutamate were weighed, i.e. the ratio is 1: 5, in total - 10.8 g, using this amount per 1 kg of the obtained plant mass).

The plant mass is mixed, placed in a plastic container and tamped tightly, closed with a tight lid, ensuring homogeneous conditions for subsequent fermentation at 35 ° C for 16 hours, after which it is dried at 60 ° C to obtain a finished product having a residual moisture of 8% ...

The final product contains in 100 g, mg:

- gamma-aminobutyric acid - 1200

- vitamin B6 - 35

- alanine - 640

- potassium - 2500

- magnesium - 1100.

Example 4.

1 kg of fresh leaves of fireweed cooled at a temperature of 0 ° C is heated to a temperature of 32 ° C with withering to a humidity of 59% for 1 hour.

Then the dried raw material is fed to mechanical rollers for twisting, followed by grinding until a homogeneous plant mass is obtained, 20 minutes. A 1% solution of vitamin B6 is added to the resulting mass (to prepare the solution, 0.12 g of vitamin B6 was weighed per 1 kg of plant mass) and a 22% solution of potassium glutamate and magnesium glutamate. To prepare a mixture of salts, 3.35 g of potassium glutamate and 26.84 g of magnesium glutamate were weighed, i.e. in a ratio of salts in a mixture of ~ 1: 8, the mixture to obtain an aqueous solution was used in an amount of 11 g / kg of plant mass.

The plant mass is mixed, placed in a container and tamped tightly and closed with a tight lid, ensuring homogeneous conditions for subsequent fermentation at 38 ° C for 12 hours, after which it is dried at 65 ° C to obtain the finished product. It has a residual moisture content of 5% and contains in 100 g, mg:

- gamma-aminobutyric acid - 1500

- vitamin B6 - 25

- alanine - 600

- potassium - 2730

- magnesium - 950.

Example 5.

1 kg of fresh fireweed leaves pre-cooled to a temperature of + 4 ° С (air temperature + 25 ° С, relative humidity 65%, dew point temperature + 18 ° С), heated to a temperature of 27 ° С with withering to a humidity of 57% for 1 h.

Then the dried raw material is fed to mechanical rollers for twisting, followed by grinding until a homogeneous plant mass is obtained, 20 minutes. To the resulting mass by spraying, add a 0.8% aqueous solution of vitamin B6 (to prepare the solution, 0.17 g of vitamin B6 was weighed for use per 1 kg of plant mass) and a 23% aqueous solution of a mixture of potassium glutamate and magnesium glutamate. To obtain a mixture, these salts were used in a ratio of 1:10; from the obtained amount of the mixture, 11.2 g were used to prepare an aqueous solution.

The plant mass is mixed, placed in a container and tamped tightly and closed with a tight lid, ensuring homogeneous conditions for subsequent fermentation at 40 ° C for 9 hours, after which it is dried at a temperature of 58 ° C to obtain a finished product with a residual moisture of 0.5% ...

The amount of the investigated components per 100 g of the final product, mg:

- GABA - 1700

- vitamin B6 - 27

- alanine - 435

- potassium - 2890

- magnesium - 900.

Example 6.

1 kg of fresh leaves of fireweed frozen at a temperature of -10 ° C is heated to a temperature of 35 ° C with withering to a humidity of 65% for 1 hour.

Then the dried raw material is fed to mechanical rollers for twisting, followed by grinding until a homogeneous plant mass is obtained, 20 minutes. To the resulting mass by spraying, add a 0.6% aqueous solution of vitamin B6 (to prepare a solution, vitamin B6 was weighed in an amount of 0.20 g of vitamin B6 for use per 1 kg of plant mass) and a 22% aqueous solution of potassium glutamate and glutamate magnesium. The ratio of salts in the mixture was 1: 2.8; for the preparation of the solution, a mixture was used in the amount of 12.0 g per 1 kg of plant mass.

The plant mass is mixed, placed in a plastic box, tamped tightly and closed with a tight lid, ensuring homogeneous conditions for subsequent fermentation at 45 ° C for 4 hours, after which it is dried at 65 ° C to obtain a finished product with a residual moisture of 2%.

The amount of the investigated components per 100 g of the final product, mg:

- GABA - 1620

- vitamin B6 - 31

- alanine - 392

- potassium - 2920

- magnesium - 878.

Example 7.

1 kg of fresh leaves of fireweed frozen at a temperature of -23 ° C is heated to a temperature of 33 ° C with withering to a humidity of 62% for 1 hour.

Then the dried raw material is fed to mechanical rollers for twisting, followed by grinding until a homogeneous plant mass is obtained, 20 minutes. To the resulting mass by spraying, a 0.9% aqueous solution of vitamin B6 is added (to prepare a solution, vitamin B6 was weighed in an amount of 0.25 g of vitamin B6 for use per 1 kg of plant mass) and a 25% aqueous solution of potassium glutamate and glutamate magnesium. The ratio of salts in the mixture was 2: 1; to prepare the solution, a mixture was used in the amount of 12.6 g per 1 kg of plant mass.

The plant mass is mixed, placed in a plastic box, tamped tightly and closed with a tight lid, ensuring homogeneous conditions for subsequent fermentation at 43 ° C for 8 hours, after which it is dried at a temperature of 60 ° C to obtain a finished product with a residual moisture of 1%.

The amount of the investigated components per 100 g of the final product, mg:

- GABA - 1387

- vitamin B6 - 20

- alanine - 350

- potassium - 3000

- magnesium - 820.

Example 8.

1 kg of fresh leaves of fireweed frozen at a temperature of -47 ° C is heated to a temperature of 24.6 ° C with withering to a humidity of 55% for 1 hour.

Then the dried raw material is fed to mechanical rollers for rolling, followed by grinding until a homogeneous plant mass is obtained, 20 minutes. To the resulting mass by spraying, add a 0.4% aqueous solution of vitamin B6 (0.04 g of vitamin B6 per 1 kg of plant mass was used for its preparation) and a 19% aqueous solution of a mixture of potassium glutamate and magnesium glutamate salts. To prepare a mixture of salts, they were used in a quantitative ratio of ~ 1.2: 1, and to prepare an aqueous solution, their mixture was used in an amount of 12.8 g / kg of plant mass.

The plant mass is mixed, placed in a plastic container, tamped tightly and closed with a tight lid, ensuring homogeneous conditions for subsequent fermentation at 35 ° C for 17 hours, after which it is dried at 50 ° C to obtain the finished product. Residual moisture was 16%. In this case, the final product per 100 g contains in its composition, mg:

- GABA - 1115

- vitamin B6 - 17

- alanine - 319

- potassium - 2100

- magnesium - 760.

As you can see, the content of the investigated substances in the finished product is lower than when obtaining tea by the proposed method.

Example 9.

1 kg of fresh fireweed leaves pre-cooled to a temperature of + 20 ° C (above the dew point, since the air temperature is + 25 ° C, relative humidity 65%, dew point temperature + 18 ° C), heated to 37 ° C withering to 65% humidity for 1 hour.

Then the dried raw material is fed to mechanical rollers for rolling, followed by grinding until a homogeneous plant mass is obtained, 25 minutes. To the resulting mass by spraying, add a 1.1% aqueous solution of vitamin B6 (0.26 g of vitamin B6 was used to prepare the solution per 1 kg of plant mass) and a 26% aqueous solution of potassium glutamate and magnesium glutamate. To obtain a mixture of salts, they were used in a ratio of 2: 1, and to prepare a solution, the mixture was weighed in an amount of 10.7 g / kg of plant mass.

The plant mass is mixed, placed in a plastic box, tamped tightly and closed with a tight lid, ensuring homogeneous conditions for subsequent fermentation at 46 ° C for 3 hours, after which it is dried at 70 ° C to obtain the finished product. Residual moisture was 15% - the product is overdried. At the same time, the amount of investigated target nutrients per 100 g of the product was significantly reduced, mg:

- GABA - 947

- vitamin B6 - 9

- alanine - 237

- potassium - 1360

- magnesium - 524.

Example 10 .

1 kg of fresh fireweed leaves pre-cooled to a temperature of + 10 ° C (air temperature + 15 ° C, relative humidity 65%, dew point temperature + 8.5 ° C), heated to a temperature of 20 ° C with withering to a humidity of 55% for 40 minutes.

Then the dried raw material is fed to mechanical rollers for twisting, followed by grinding until a homogeneous plant mass is obtained, 15 minutes.

To the resulting mass, a 3% solution of vitamin B6 is added by spraying (0.3 g / kg of plant mass was weighed to prepare a solution of vitamin B6) and a 15% solution of potassium glutamate and magnesium glutamate. Salts were mixed in a quantitative ratio of ~ 1: 3.2; to prepare a solution, 9 g of the mixture was weighed per 1 kg of plant mass.

The plant mass is mixed, placed in a plastic container, tamped tightly and closed with a tight lid, ensuring homogeneous conditions for subsequent fermentation at 32 ° C for 20 hours, after which it is dried at 45 ° C to obtain the finished product.

Residual moisture was 19%, which in this case should be considered excessive. At the same time, the amount of investigated target nutrients per 100 g of the product was significantly reduced, mg:

- GABA - 840

- vitamin B6 - 10

- alanine - 260

- potassium - 1136

- magnesium - 435.

Example 11.

1 kg of freshly harvested fireweed leaves pre-cooled to a temperature of + 1 ° C is heated to a temperature of 37 ° C with withering to a humidity of 65% for 1.2 hours.

Then the dried raw material is fed to mechanical rollers for twisting, followed by grinding until a homogeneous plant mass is obtained, 23 minutes.

To the resulting mass, a 0.2% aqueous solution of vitamin B6 is added by spraying (to prepare a solution, vitamin B6 was weighed in an amount of 0.05 g per kg of plant mass) and a 15% solution of potassium glutamate and magnesium glutamate. To prepare the mixture, the salts were mixed in a quantitative ratio of 1: 4; to prepare the solution, the mixture was taken in an amount of 14 g / kg of plant mass.

The plant mass is mixed, placed in a plastic container, tamped tightly and closed with a tight lid, ensuring homogeneous conditions for subsequent fermentation at 50 ° C for 12 hours, after which it is dried at a temperature of 75 ° C to obtain the finished product. The final product is overdried - residual moisture is 14.5%. At the same time, the amount of investigated target nutrients per 100 g of the product is significantly reduced, mg:

- GABA - 920

- vitamin B6 - 8

- alanine - 220

- potassium - 1476

- magnesium - 580.

Example 12.

1 kg of fresh leaves of fireweed frozen at a temperature of -45 ° C is heated to a temperature of 38 ° C with withering to a humidity of 53% for 1 hour.

Then the dried raw material is fed to mechanical rollers for rolling, followed by grinding until a homogeneous plant mass is obtained, 20 minutes.

To the resulting mass by spraying, add a 0.2% aqueous solution of vitamin B6 (for the preparation of the solution, vitamin B6 was taken in an amount of 2 g / kg of the herbal mixture) and a 5% solution of potassium glutamate and magnesium glutamate. To obtain a mixture, these salts were taken in a quantitative ratio of 1: 5; to prepare a solution, 15 g of the mixture per 1 kg of plant mass were weighed.

The plant mass is mixed, placed in a plastic container, tamped tightly and covered with a tight lid, ensuring homogeneous conditions for subsequent fermentation at 46 ° C for 3 hours, after which it is dried at 45 ° C to obtain the finished product.

The residual moisture content of the finished product was 20% (excess), the amount of investigated target nutrients per 100 g of the product is significantly reduced in comparison with the product obtained by the proposed method, mg:

- GABA - 930

- vitamin B6 - 8.7

- alanine - 255

- potassium - 1472

- magnesium - 490.

Example 13.

1 kg of fresh leaves of fireweed, stored at a room temperature of 25 ° C, wilted to a humidity of 55% for 1 hour.

Then the dried raw material is fed to mechanical rollers for rolling, followed by grinding until a homogeneous plant mass is obtained, 20 minutes.

To the resulting mass, a 0.5% aqueous solution of vitamin B6 is added by spraying (to prepare the solution, vitamin B6 was weighed in an amount of 0.05 g per kg of plant mass) and a 20% aqueous solution of potassium glutamate and magnesium glutamate. To obtain their mixture, the salts were taken in a 1: 1 ratio; to prepare the solution, 11 g of the salt mixture were weighed per 1 kg of plant mass.

The plant mass is mixed, placed in a plastic container, tamped tightly and closed with a tight lid, ensuring homogeneous conditions for subsequent fermentation at 35 ° C for 16.5 hours, after which it is dried at 70 ° C to obtain the finished product. Residual moisture content of the product 17% (overdried), the amount of investigated target nutrients per 100 g of the product is significantly reduced, mg:

- GABA - 960

- vitamin B6 - 10.3

- alanine - 292

- potassium - 1375

- magnesium - 548.

Example 14.

1 kg of fresh leaves of fireweed frozen at a temperature of -23 ° C is heated to a temperature of 33 ° C with withering to a humidity of 62% for 1 hour.

Then the dried raw material is fed to mechanical rollers for twisting, followed by grinding until a homogeneous plant mass is obtained, 20 minutes. To the resulting mass by spraying, a 0.9% aqueous solution of vitamin B6 is added (to prepare a solution, vitamin B6 was weighed in an amount of 0.25 g of vitamin B6 for use per 1 kg of plant mass) and a 25% aqueous solution of potassium glutamate and glutamate magnesium. The ratio of salts in the mixture was 3: 1; to prepare the solution, a mixture was used in an amount of 12.6 g per 1 kg of plant mass.

The plant mass is mixed, placed in a plastic box, tamped tightly and covered with a tight lid, ensuring homogeneous conditions for subsequent fermentation at 43 ° C for 8 hours, after which it is dried at 60 ° C to obtain a finished product with a residual moisture of 10%.

The amount of the investigated components per 100 g of the final product, mg:

- GABA - 1387

- vitamin B6 - 20

- alanine - 350

- potassium - 3000

- magnesium - 820.

Example 15

1 kg of fresh leaves of fireweed frozen at a temperature of -23 ° C is heated to a temperature of 33 ° C with withering to a humidity of 62% for 1 hour.

Then the dried raw material is fed to mechanical rollers for twisting, followed by grinding until a homogeneous plant mass is obtained, 20 minutes. To the resulting mass by spraying, a 0.9% aqueous solution of vitamin B6 is added (to prepare a solution, vitamin B6 was weighed in an amount of 0.25 g of vitamin B6 for use per 1 kg of plant mass) and a 25% aqueous solution of potassium glutamate and glutamate magnesium. The ratio of salts in the mixture was 5: 1; to prepare the solution, a mixture was used in an amount of 12.6 g per 1 kg of plant mass.

The plant mass is mixed, placed in a plastic box, tamped tightly and closed with a tight lid, ensuring homogeneous conditions for subsequent fermentation at 43 ° C for 8 hours, after which it is dried at 60 ° C to obtain a finished product with a residual moisture of 12%.

The amount of the investigated components per 100 g of the final product, mg:

- GABA - 1387

- vitamin B6 - 20

- alanine - 350

- potassium - 3000

- magnesium - 820.

Example 16.

1 kg of fresh leaves of fireweed frozen at a temperature of -23 ° C is heated to a temperature of 33 ° C with withering to a humidity of 62% for 1 hour.

Then the dried raw material is fed to mechanical rollers for twisting, followed by grinding until a homogeneous plant mass is obtained, 20 minutes. To the resulting mass by spraying, a 0.9% aqueous solution of vitamin B6 is added (to prepare a solution, vitamin B6 was weighed in an amount of 0.25 g of vitamin B6 for use per 1 kg of plant mass) and a 25% aqueous solution of potassium glutamate and glutamate magnesium. The ratio of salts in the mixture was 7: 1; to prepare the solution, a mixture was used in an amount of 12.6 g per 1 kg of plant mass.

The plant mass is mixed, placed in a plastic box, tamped tightly and covered with a tight lid, providing homogeneous conditions for subsequent fermentation at 43 ° C for 8 hours, after which it is dried at 60 ° C to obtain a finished product with a residual moisture of 14%.

The amount of the investigated components per 100 g of the final product, mg:

- GABA - 1387

- vitamin B6 - 20

- alanine - 350

- potassium - 3000

- magnesium - 820.

Example 17.

1 kg of fresh leaves of fireweed frozen at a temperature of -23 ° C is heated to a temperature of 33 ° C with withering to a humidity of 62% for 1 hour.

Then the dried raw material is fed to mechanical rollers for twisting, followed by grinding until a homogeneous plant mass is obtained, 20 minutes. To the resulting mass by spraying, a 0.9% aqueous solution of vitamin B6 is added (to prepare a solution, vitamin B6 was weighed in an amount of 0.25 g of vitamin B6 for use per 1 kg of plant mass) and a 25% aqueous solution of potassium glutamate and glutamate magnesium. The ratio of salts in the mixture was 10: 1; to prepare the solution, a mixture was used in the amount of 12.6 g per 1 kg of plant mass.

The plant mass is mixed, placed in a plastic box, tamped tightly and closed with a tight lid, ensuring homogeneous conditions for subsequent fermentation at 43 ° C for 8 hours, after which it is dried at a temperature of 60 ° C to obtain a finished product with a residual moisture content of 13%.

The amount of the investigated components per 100 g of the final product, mg:

- GABA - 1387

- vitamin B6 - 20

- alanine - 350

- potassium - 3000

- magnesium - 820.

Thus, examples 8-13 demonstrate a decrease in the content in the final product of the investigated nutrients (GABA, vitamin B6, alanine, potassium, magnesium) when changing certain conditions for the production of tea from fireweed.

With additional studies, the results shown in Table 1 were also obtained, which also show that a change in individual production conditions affects an increase / decrease in the content of target substances in the final product.

Table 1.

Dependence of some quantitative characteristics

the resulting product from the processing conditions.

P / p No. Raw material processing conditions, Т ° С Weight B6, g / kg of raw material End
solution B6,% wt. Mass of a mixture of Hc and Hmg salts, g / kg of raw material End
solution of a mixture of Hc and Hmg,% wt. Amount of GABA, g Alanine amount, g one Pre-freezing of raw materials at -45 ° C, heating from above 25 ° C to 35 ° C 0.05 0.5 10.8 twenty 1.7 0.500 2 Pre-freezing of raw materials at 0 ° С, heating up to 35 ° С 0.1 1.0 12.6 25 1.7 0.400 3 Cooling to +4 ° С (air temperature +25 ° С, relative humidity 65%, dew point temperature +18 ° С), heating up to 30 ° С 0.07 0.8 11.3 23 1.6 0.640 4 Pre-freezing of raw materials at -10 ° С, heating up to 27 ° С 0.09 0.6 12.0 21 2.0 0.610 5 Pre-freezing of raw materials at -50 ° С, heating up to 20 ° С 0.04 0.3 10.6 19 0.7 0.100 6 Cooling to +20 ° С (air temperature +25 ° С, relative humidity 65%, dew point temperature +18 ° С), heating to 37 ° С 0.12 1.1 12.9 27 0.45 0.150 7 Cooling to a temperature of +10 ° С (air temperature +15 ° С, relative humidity 65%, dew point temperature +8.5 ° С), heating up to 20 ° С 0.3 5 15.0 5 0.54 0.20 8 Cooling to a temperature of +10 ° С (air temperature +15 ° С, relative humidity 65%, dew point temperature +8.5 ° С), heating up to 20 ° С 0.05 0.5 10.8 twenty 0.52 0.21 nine Pre-freezing of raw materials at -45 ° С, heating up to 25 ° С 0.3 5 15.0 5 0.68 0.20 ten Processing raw materials without freezing, at a temperature of 25 ° C and above 0.05 0.5 10.8 twenty 0.73 0.21

When analyzing the results obtained, in particular, when revealing the dependence of the concentration of GABA (g) and alanine in the finished product on the processing conditions of raw materials (freezing / cooling temperature of raw materials), a significant increase in the content of GABA, as well as alanine in the finished product was found when processing fireweed leaves solutions of vitamin B6 and a mixture of potassium and magnesium glutamate in the concentration range: 0.5% -1% and 20-25%, respectively (that is, in the concentrations claimed in the patent invention), as well as with preliminary freezing of raw materials at a temperature of -45 ° From to 0 ° C or cooling without freezing, to a temperature below the dew point under the conditions of collecting fresh leaves of fireweed, and further heating the raw material to a temperature from above 25 to 35 ° C. This result can be explained by the emergence of a synergistic effect of the used processing methods on the output of finished products with an increased content of the mentioned useful substances.

Claims (1)

A method of obtaining a drink with an increased biological value from fireweed leaves, including the stages at which the leaves of fireweed are frozen at a temperature of -45 ° C to 0 ° C or cooled to a temperature below the dew point, after which the leaves of fireweed are heated and ground until homogeneous plant mass, the resulting mass is treated with an aqueous 0.5-1% solution of vitamin B6 at the rate of 0.10-0.25 g of vitamin B6 per 1 kg of the specified plant mass and an aqueous 20-25% solution of a mixture of potassium and magnesium salts glutamic acid, the resulting mass is fermented and dried, characterized in that fireweed leaves are heated to a temperature in the range from 25 to 35 ° C, the plant mass is treated with an aqueous solution of a mixture of potassium and magnesium salts of glutamic acid at the rate of 10.8-12.6 g their mixtures per 1 kg of plant mass, and to prepare a solution of salts of glutamic acid, potassium and magnesium salts are mixed in a ratio of 10: 1-1: 10, the resulting mass is fermented y at 35-45 for 4-16 hours, after which drying is carried out at a temperature of 55-65 ° C to obtain a finished product with a residual moisture content of not more than 14%.