RU2735886C1 - Internal combustion engine "normas" n 28 - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the engine building. Two-stroke internal combustion engine (ICE), housing of which is assembled from modules with working stroke and with synchronization of rotation of corresponding number of shafts per one shaft of power takeoff, as well as modules with early extended expansion of exhaust gases. Prefabricated housing structure is mounted taking into account combined coordinate grid, which has a single reference point located on axis of hollow power take-off shaft and attachment line. Points of axial centers of volume of combustion chambers ICE are also points of intersection of corresponding pairs of seven chords of one circle, where three chords are sides of equilateral triangle, and other four chords - sides of square, as well as triangle, also inscribed into same circle. Each outer side of this triangle and each inner side of the square is a tangent line to a pair of circles with equal diameters, which are equidistant from the single axial center, and their centers are located at equal distances from each other, wherein diameters of said circles are equal to diameters of pistons and cylinders ICE, which are made with allowance for manufacturing, as well as diameters of side cylindrical shape of jaws, between which crank is arranged, and equal to diameters of circumference of teeth cavities of engagement gears installed in rotation synchronization modules with possibility to interact through introduced intermediate gears and through gear rim jointly to rotate hollow power takeoff shaft. Modules with working stroke are made and arranged so that they can synchronously interact with each other by means of coupling between them, set of plates of double-tee profile with lugs and articulated joints. Half-cylindrical links have the possibility of performing limited reciprocating movements in guides, which are perpendicular to one or two of all seven chords, and are made with the formation of guide trays, between which there is limited movement of hemispherical slider, made with possibility of free rotation relative to axis of crank when transmitting power moments and forces. ICE pistons are equipped with inner cavity with possibility of excess heat removal. Air-distributing slide valves are assembled from two annular hollow cavities, which are formed by introduction and fixation in the internal cavity of the hollow shaft of short and long coils equipped with partitions and bypass holes. ICE is equipped with pumps and modules of extended expansion, which expander cylinders are equipped with part of already mentioned elements, as well as by taps, inside which plate-like partition is mounted, inlet and outlet edges of which are turned relative to each other along axis by 180°.

EFFECT: technical result consists in providing the maximum possible torque on the power takeoff shaft.

1 cl, 18 dwg

Description

The declared design of the engine belongs to the field of power engineering, namely to industrially applicable volumetric internal combustion engines (ICE), and with certain changes in the design, it is possible to transfer its operation to the compressor mode - a device for creating excessive pressure of the working fluid or an expander - a generating device for reduction pressure of the working fluid and obtaining power on the output shaft.

Structurally, the closest to the claimed version is an internal combustion engine (A.S. No. 828780) containing at least one pair of cylinders with reciprocating pistons and a head, which houses one cylindrical gas distribution valve, which is intermittently communicating with the cylinders, provided with a common of both cylinders by a combustion chamber and kinematically connected to the crankshaft of the engine, while in order to increase efficiency by ensuring continued expansion of combustion products, the cylinders are made of different volumes, and the cylinder of a smaller volume is equipped with air inlets, and the cylinder of a larger volume - with gas exhaust, and the crankshaft of the cylinder a smaller volume is displaced in the direction of advance along the direction of rotation of the crankshaft by 9-72 ° relative to the crank of the cylinder of a larger volume.

The disadvantages of the prototype are that with continued expansion in it, without changing the geometric parameters of the angles relative to the crank, it is not possible to very directionally and most fully realize the advantages of high-quality gas exchange and continued expansion at a more energy-efficient level.

The task that is realized in the proposed invention predetermined the choice of a two-stroke internal combustion engine, where increased torque values are created not only during, but also after every second piston stroke, as well as as the active area of the introduced devices grows and high-quality gas exchange.

When working out a technical problem, the solution of which is aimed at constructive implementation of both the previous versions of the NORMAS internal combustion engine with a priority starting from 10/25/2011, and the declared version of the internal combustion engine, in fact, is the expansion of the kinematic capabilities of the internal combustion engine, which imply useful multifunctionality, so that preserve the well-oiled thermodynamics of the processes taking place in the internal combustion engine with an increase in the reliability of the design, and in order to ensure the maximum possible torque on the hollow (tubular) power take-off shaft without using a gearbox 12.

Power is a fairly conventional parameter that reflects the useful work done by gases during expansion in the engine cylinders per unit of time minus the costs of overcoming friction forces and activating auxiliary mechanisms. To put it simply, torque is what actually pushes the car forward, and power is what that torque produces.

Torque is the most important effective dynamic indicator and characterizes the traction capabilities of the engine. Its value mainly depends on the average effective pressure of fuel combustion, the geometrical values of the active area of the working bodies and the shoulder of application of forces.

It was more to simplify the explanation of the interactions of parts and elements included in the layered section, as well as to briefly describe the relationship, their location during assembly, predetermined the introduction of the concept - a module and its labeling. The introduction of the term module is determined by a useful and stable set of similar properties that are dictated in the design of an internal combustion engine.

The essence of the invention with a schematic location of the internal combustion engine elements is easily explained using the presented graphic materials:

At the beginning of the brief description, it will be noted that, for the sake of clarity, in FIG. 1-16 marking of axial points 01-06 (centers of the volume of the combustion chamber), but also of shafts with axial points 07-10 in the center of the shaft, as well as other significant elements of the internal combustion engine remains unchanged, although some of the end and side joints or attachment points of parts of the internal combustion engine depicted in a simplified manner. You will not find in this brief description of explanations regarding technological samples (pockets) for placing there the attachment points of parts. But the gaps in the places of movement and rotation of the units or elements of the internal combustion engine in the figures are sometimes absent or deliberately increased, but at the same time the center-to-center distance and the mutual location of the centers of shafts 07-10 from each other are maintained, which gives the internal combustion engine design an undeniable optimal manufacturability during assembly.

FIG. 1-2, on a reduced scale, a geometric joint grid of the location of modules with a working stroke from No. 28 - 01 to No. 28 - 06 with the location of the shafts with points 07-10 is shown, and these numbers are tied to the location of the axial center of the combustion chamber volume of these modules, the same the purpose of the marking is also laid with the location of the points 07-10 on the axes of the shafts, respectively. Joint because, in some angular coordinates of the grid, a set of possible ICE layouts is presented, ranging from a V-shaped two-cylinder with a camber angle of 90 ° (Fig. 2) and 120 ° (Fig. 1) to combined three or four-cylinder, but already star-shaped.

FIG. 3 shows a section of a module with a working stroke No. 28 - 01 (angular sector 0 ° Fig. 1), in which, at a given position of the crank 30 in the axial center 01 of the combustion chamber, air has already been compressed, fuel is injected, pre-flame combustion of the combustible mixture begins in places, when In this case, the working stroke of the pistons 28 is ensured by placing between the modules with the working stroke a slide 32 of a semi-cylindrical shape, I-profile plates 29 with shortened shoulders, introduced articulated joints 26 and the presence of a slot 21, by the way, in FIG. 3 and 9, it is shown how through the slot 21 for the elements of the pump 22 the lower part of the cylinder 16 is filled with air. So that in the gas-piston or diesel version of the internal combustion engine, a clear flow of the thermodynamic cycle occurs with the already known parameters, and the injection of the fuel mixture itself is extended in time relative to the angle of rotation of the hollow Shaft 12 of the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine are equipped with a pair of nozzles 31.

Experimental and thermodynamic calculations have shown that the full expansion of the working fluid until the moment when during the working stroke of the internal combustion engine changes the vector of motion of the crank 30 does not give that increase in work on the indicator diagram of the internal combustion engine, which can be provided only due to the possibility of high-quality gas exchange, as well as from well-adjusted continued expansion, which begins to take place even before the pistons 28 in the modules with a working stroke change their motion vector.

And you must admit that it is believed that the initial movement of the piston free from connections is primarily provided exclusively by the explosive impulse and the ignition front of the combustible mixture, as well as by the laws of inertia during its further movement (like a billiard ball after an impact or an ejected projectile), and the expansion of the burnt mixture is always secondarily and is rather a function of the geometric dimensions of the expansion cavities, as they say - it would be where and where to expand, while ensuring the unidirectionality of the motion vector and a useful interconnection of the ICE nodes.

FIG. 4 shows a section of a module with a working stroke No. 28 - 03 (angular sector 120 ° in Fig. 1), when at a given position of the crank 30 by this time the piston 26 has already passed half of the working stroke and with its body already begins to open the cylindrical shape of the gas ducts 17, made with the possibility of dismantling in the form of rotary bends 33 (Fig. 7), in the central part of which a plate partition 19 is mounted coaxially, the inlet and outlet edges of which are smoothly deployed relative to each other along the axis by 180 °, and which separates and forms the exhaust gas flows into two parts, so that intensive swirling, mixing and equalization of the exhaust gas flow rates occur even with continued expansion, which really complements the increase in the indicator operation of the internal combustion engine and the duration of the resulting unidirectional forces.

It is no coincidence that FIG. 5 and 8, where the moments of the end of the working stroke are shown and the loop blowing of cylinders 16 from the residues of combustion products is already taking place, while it is graphically noted that there are no moment arrows (impulses) on shafts 07 and 08 (120 ° and 90 ° camber, respectively) rotation, but on the shafts 09, which are connected and in contact with the gears 35 engaging with the shafts 08, the angular sectors are depicted, where at the moment there are still rotation impulses, and which are caused by the already continued expansion of the exhaust gases in the corresponding expander cylinders 13 (Fig. 12, 14,15), when the details of the pump 22 (Fig. 12) or the link 39 (Fig. 14, 15) have already passed half of their stroke and continue to move, while having a maximum radius of the crank 30, which contributes to the exit from the "dead corner zone" other cylinders 16 and the increment of the additional torque.

It is not difficult in FIG. 1-16 also note that the technical objective of the invention is a method for improving manufacturability and providing this version of the internal combustion engine with constructive solutions, when, without violating the seemingly simple principle of the arrangement of the "glass in a glass" type, useful functionality is formed during assembly with the absence of small parts in the units.

The only thing that in FIG. 3-9, 12, 15 is shown conditionally - this is the size of a single radius of the crank 30 from the center of the shafts 7-10 (although the estimated size of the crank radius can be of any length, not exceeding the cylindrical shape of the cheek 15), which for convenience is also tied to circle lines of the above-described diameter, in order to avoid drawing small and unnecessary lines on the presented graphic materials, especially when the cylindrical shape of the internal combustion engine elements for a number of calculated values can be changed to the optimal semi-cylindrical shape, sometimes more preferable and technological for industrial use, taking into account flat intermodular partitions (not shown in Fig. 3-16) housing 23.

Also in FIG. 2, 13-16, the * symbol graphically marks the coordinates of points that are insignificantly displaced to one side or the other from the position in FIG. 1-2 and are only characteristic for the V-shaped symmetrical arrangement of the axes of the cylinders 16.

Although FIG. 5 and 8 show the moment when the loop blowing of the cylinders 16 from the residues of combustion products takes place and it is clear that the blowing will end as soon as the body of the pistons 28 first closes the air inlet windows on the air ducts 17, then the section (passage) of the outlets 33 and the process of compressing a new portion of air begins ... At the same time, we note that when moving between these positions of the piston 28, albeit a small, but still part of the new portion of air is unreasonably lost and, therefore, the compression ratio decreases.

Therefore, an additional section of the air duct 17 can be introduced into the claimed version of the internal combustion engine, let us call it a bypass 14, which is shown only, by the way, in FIG. 8 and can be located both above and between the "glasses", and it is equipped with a check valve, so that when the windows on the air duct 17 are closed and when the section (passage) is still open in the outlets 33, the supply of the cylinders 16 with a new portion of air and its subsequent compression continues.

The internal combustion engine to provide a fresh air charge to the working volume of the modules with a working stroke is equipped with air ducts 17 with intake windows, while cleaning the working volume of the internal combustion engine from combustion products (example in Fig. 5) of the previous cycle provides for the possibility of solving as the correct selection of the opening advance or delay angles closure when placing the crank 30 between the lateral cylindrical cheeks 15 and the presence of the design heights of special workings of a certain shape and profile on the piston 28 and on the cylinders 16 in the area of the incoming and outgoing throttling flows (not indicated in Fig. 3-16, since a detailed elaboration).

The internal combustion engine is also equipped with air pumps 22 with a lip seal of the cylinders 16, which include the ability to purge and fill the cylinders 16 with a new portion of air (Fig. 5 and 8), air exchange in the cavity 27 inside the pistons 28 with excess air pressure at the start of the continued expansion (Fig. 4 and 7). The calculated air volume can also be provided when, under the action of the exhaust gases in the cylinders 13, both separate wings 39 and a coupled wing 32 move, for this purpose, the internal combustion engine provides for the placement of air intake devices with two different cone compression springs 38 in appropriate places.

Although it is obvious that the effective parameters of pressurization are mainly achieved by increasing the density of the fresh air charge entering the working volume of the modules with a working stroke when its temperature decreases and which in this case is carried out when the incoming or outgoing (let's call them throttling) air flows pass through the bypass holes 20 two hollow annular cavities 18 or through air ducts 17.

FIG. 4 and 7 show two moments when the continued expansion of the exhaust gases from the cylinders 16 to the expander cylinders 13 begins, and it begins when the piston 28 has not yet changed its motion vectors, having passed only half the stroke, and at the same time the moment when geometrically the windows on the air ducts 17 and the windows of the entrance to the intra-piston cavity 27 coincided - the formation and the next bypass of hotter volumes of air from cavity 27 to the air duct system 17 begins.

Why the system - because the air inlet bodies are called both the crankcase 42 (Fig. 13), and the introduced air pumps 22 with the lip seal of the cylinders 16, the air ducts 17 with inlet ports, the bypass and annular air distribution spools with two annular hollow cavities 18, which are formed the introduction into the inner cavity of the hollow shaft 12 short and long coils (in Fig. 1-16 are not indicated, but the contours of the cavities 18 are visible) with the calculated dimensions and angles of fixation, equipped with appropriate partitions 19 and bypass holes 20, while these two hollow annular cavities 18 are a kind of air distribution ducts and all this provides the calculated value of the boost pressure.

By the way, due to the presence of shafts 10, gears 34 and rims 36 of the engagement, the air distribution spools rotate synchronously with the flowing cycles and can be made with a combination of baffles 19, bypass holes 20 for each module with a working stroke, and combined.

And also - in Fig. 3-5, 7-9, 10-15, for convenience, partitions 19 also designate thin-walled stiffeners in the piston 28, as well as a partition, the entrance and exit edges of which are smoothly deployed relative to each other along the axis by 180 ° and fixed inside the branch 33, which allows you to shape the exhaust.

By the way, air ducts 17 with air inlet windows can be of any shape both on the lateral surface parallel to the slot 21 (Figs. 3-5), and in another place that is ergonomically convenient for forming flows (Figs. 7-9).

In modules introduced into the internal combustion engine with continued expansion of exhaust gases, or rather in fixed expander cylinders 13 of a semi-cylindrical shape when moving the assembly element of the pump 22 connected to the connecting rod 40 (Fig. 12), or the wings 39 (Fig. 15), where, like expander reduction the generation of exhaust energy is realized, with the exhaust gases at almost atmospheric pressure leaving the cylinders 13 through the exhaust ports 41 with nozzles.

In addition, the wings 32 and 39 with a set of plates 29 and introduced articulated joints 26 have the ability to interact and perform limited movements that are perpendicular to the location of one (Fig. 3-5, 7-9) or two of all seven corresponding chords (as in the case shown in Fig. 2, 13 and 16 with the combined V-shaped symmetrical arrangement of the axes of the cylinders 16 and the diametrically opposite arrangement of the cranks 30).

And the value of the angular sector on the circular timing diagram from the beginning of the movement of the pistons 28 in the cylinders 16 to the beginning of the movement of the pump assembly element 22 in the cylinders 13 is already about 90 ° plus another 180 ° (Fig. 12) of the angular sector is provided by the continued expansion itself - that is, in the sum of 270 ° - and this is only after one ignition.

As casually noted above, there would be where and where to expand, and this is similar to installing additional sails in a tailwind or strong gusts of wind in order to really increase the thrust and speed of the sailboat.

Without wishing to be bound by any theory, the inventors believe that any movement in the cylinder begins and rather occurs under the action of an exclusively initial explosive impulse in the combustion chamber or the outflow of exhaust gases from the profiled holes - as a consequence of the correct calculation in expander reduction, when due to the additionally introduced area of the working bodies, the torque also increases.

It is clear that it is very difficult to maintain the well-oiled thermodynamics of the processes taking place in the internal combustion engine, while guaranteeing high-quality gas exchange with stable ignition of the fuel-air mixture and a separated expansion process, especially observing the parameters of the exhaust process, since the measure of the exhaust energy, sometimes destructive, is essentially the exhaust temperature ...

Therefore, the body of the body 23 (Fig. 12 and 15) of the internal combustion engine, is made of the calculated number of oriented layers (like plywood) of conjugated and fixed to each other plates of lightweight composite materials with heat-resistant fibers (carbon fiber, carbon - kevlar, etc.), ceramics. Similar materials can be used in the implementation of a technologically acceptable approach in the manufacture of bends 33 built into the housing 23 with the possibility of their dismantling, and the surface exposed to temperature flows must be covered with a protective layer that protects it from destruction.

At the same time, a new technical result is also achieved by the fact that the prefabricated structure of the 23 ICE body is mounted taking into account the combined coordinate grid and the fixing line 11, where points 01-06 are the centers of the volume of the combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine of six modules with a working stroke (from 28-01 to 06 inclusive ), as well as the points of intersection of the corresponding pairs of seven chords of the circle with one axial center 00 of the hollow shaft 12 (Fig. 1-16); moreover, three chords are the sides of an equilateral triangle, and the other four chords of seven are the sides of a square, by the way, a square, like an equilateral triangle, are inscribed in one circle, and the length of their sides is defined as a ratio of sizes equal to √3 / √2, respectively ; and each outer side of an equilateral triangle and each inner side of a square are a tangent line to a pair of circles, the centers 07 and 08 of which are equidistant from a single axial center 00, and are located at the same distance from each other, and have equal diameters (Fig. 1-16 );

in the first case, the location of the axial centers of the six circles is always and everywhere indicated by point 07, which is tied to the corresponding axes of symmetry of modules with a working stroke (ie, this is 120 ° camber angle of the cylinder axes - Fig. 1);

in the second case, eight circles are also always and everywhere in FIG. 1-16 are designated by point 08 (ie it means 90 ° camber angle of the cylinder axes - Fig. 2);

but the axial centers of the remaining shafts, which are directly connected by the parameters of engagement with the previous axial centers with points 07 or 08, are indicated by point 09, and the axial centers of the intermediate shafts, respectively, by point 10, if we add sections of the circumference of the line 11 of fixing to these points, we will select it more thick line, we will see that the location of the seven chords and the designation of points 00-10 and line 11 in all Figs. 1-16 is always predetermined;

moreover, with the mutual arrangement of points 00-10, (except in Figs. 1-2, 14, 16, where they are drawn on a reduced scale), the diameters of the circles are equal to the diameters of the pistons 28, cylinders 16 and 13, made taking into account the necessary manufacturing tolerances, and the diameters of the lateral cylindrical shape of the cheeks 15, between which the crank 30 is located, as well as the diameters of the circumference of the cavities of the teeth of the engagement gears 35, installed in the group synchronization modules with the possibility of interaction of the intermediate gears 34 inserted and fixed on the shafts 10 and through the gear ring 36 fixed to the floor shaft 12 of the power take-off jointly rotate it synchronously (Fig. 6, 10, 16); Also, the diameters of the circles and the placement of points 01-10 are directly related to the real parameters of the stages of movements and the working stroke of the pistons 28, which, as positioned above, have the ability to perform limited reciprocating movements in the corresponding cylinders 16 by connecting them with the wings 32 or 39 through the set plates 29 of the I-profile with shortened shoulders and introduced articulated joints 26 or lugs, which are made directly in the gussets 37;

the wings 32 or 39 themselves are semi-cylindrical, which are made with the formation of two guide trays, between which the hemispherical slider 25 makes limited reciprocating movements, made with the ability to rotate freely relative to the axis of the crank 30 when transferring power moments and forces.

Although, in the claimed version of the internal combustion engine, not only with increased digital scaling, the slider 25, as well as the shafts 09, which are directly connected by the parameters of engagement with the shafts 08, can be made with the ability to rotate about the axis of the crank 30 by placing a needle bearing cage between the slider 25 and the crank 30 rolling 24 and in FIG. 3-5, 7-9 and 13 are prudently mounted in nests-beds, which are part of the body 23 and provide the rigidity of the structure of the internal combustion engine units.

And to increase stability during the transfer of perceiving forces in the nodes of the ball joints 26, plate partitions 19 are still placed in the "cups" of the pistons 28, which, by the way, like the cavity 27, are made with the ability to remove (transfer) excess heat twice per revolution by placing in the internal combustion engine of the air duct system 17 and air distribution spools with a frequency of their synchronous rotation, as in the hollow shaft 12.

Obviously, when using the technical solution, the prototype "cylinders are made of different volumes in order to ensure the continued expansion of combustion products", but the design of a number of ICE layouts is characterized by the possibility of using identical dimensions, and the required "volume difference" is achieved by a simple calculated change in the thickness of the same wings 39 semi-cylindrical within acceptable limits (Fig. 15).

Moreover, we note that the new achievable result of the claimed invention is that when some features are disclosed for one arrangement of the invention, then the same features can be used in combined arrangements for implementing the invention, since an important condition is fulfilled that this is in in the final case does not contradict the meaning and spirit of the invention.

It is characteristic that the dimensions of any useful arrangement of the internal combustion engine do not go beyond the contours of the thickened line 11 of fastening (Fig. 1-16) - this is not one feature, which is combined with a different arrangement of the ICE units, which also have the same parameters of movement (including the working stroke), when power moments are transmitted and a single pattern of application of the invention is traced, as in the case of combined three or four cylinder (star-shaped) when using an internal combustion engine in a wheel pair or with a V-shaped symmetrical arrangement of the axes of cylinders 16 in the internal combustion engine (Fig. 13 and 16 ), when, in the presence of a hollow shaft 12, it is easy to trace the possibility of its useful and promising use as part of an industrially applicable horizontal directional drilling unit (UGNB).

The provided graphic materials and a brief description of the design of the NORMAS ICE version No. 28 do not exhaust or limit in any way the possible options for its implementation, but only open up new possibilities within the scope of the claimed formula and provide the invention with promising application when the ICE is used as part of an autonomous a wheelset drive, an industrially applicable horizontal directional drilling (UGNB) installation shown in FIG. 17 or in the aerodynamic envelope of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), if between the generator from the shaft 10 and two valve (brushless) electric motors 43 with blades fixed in a rotary casing, which are schematically shown in FIG. 18, an "electric shaft" is assembled with the required rotational speed.

Claims (1)

A two-stroke internal combustion engine (ICE), the body of which is assembled from modules with a working stroke and with synchronization of rotation of the corresponding number of shafts per one power take-off shaft, as well as modules with an early continued expansion of exhaust gases, characterized by the fact that its prefabricated body structure is mounted taking into account a combined coordinate grid, which in turn has a single reference point located on the axis of the hollow power take-off shaft and the fixing line, and the points of the axial centers of the volume of the combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine are also the intersection points of the corresponding pairs of seven chords of one circle, where three chords are the sides of an equilateral a triangle, and the other four chords are the sides of a square, by the way, like a triangle, also inscribed in the same circle, and each outer side of this triangle and each inner side of a square is a tangent line to a pair of circles with equal diameters, which are equidistant from a single axial center , and their c The centers are located at equal distances from each other, and the diameters of these circles are equal to the diameters of the pistons and cylinders of the internal combustion engine, made taking into account manufacturing tolerances, as well as the diameters of the lateral cylindrical cheeks, between which the crank is located, and are also equal to the diameters of the circumference of the cavities of the teeth of the engagement gears, installed in the rotation synchronization modules with the ability to jointly rotate the hollow power take-off shaft through the interaction of the inserted intermediate gears and through the toothed ring; moreover, the modules with a working stroke are made and arranged in such a way that they have the ability to synchronously interact with each other by introducing between them the wings, a set of I-profile plates with lugs and articulated joints; still the wings of a semi-cylindrical shape have the ability to perform limited reciprocating movements in the guides, which are perpendicular to one or two of the total seven chords, and are made to form guide trays, between which a hemispherical slider makes limited movements, made with the ability to rotate freely relative to the crank axis when transfer of power moments and efforts; internal combustion engine pistons are equipped with an internal cavity with the ability to remove excess heat; and the introduced air distribution spools are assembled from two annular hollow cavities, which are formed by inserting and fixing short and long coils in the inner cavity of the hollow shaft, provided with partitions and bypass holes; and, finally, the internal combustion engine is equipped with pumps and modules of continued expansion, the expander cylinders of which are equipped with a part of the above-mentioned elements, as well as taps, inside which a lamellar partition is mounted, the inlet and outlet edges of which are rotated relative to each other along the axis by 180 °; moreover, the very arrangement of the internal combustion engine elements, the dimensions of which, with a star-shaped, as, incidentally, with a V-shaped symmetric arrangement of the axes of the internal combustion engine cylinders, do not go beyond the contours of the fixing line, which provides the invention with a useful application, for example, as part of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) or as part of an industrially used horizontal directional drilling rig (UGNB).

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