RU2724443C1 - Vehicle emergency stop device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: motor vehicle industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to vehicle emergency stop device. Device consists of support, rotation and stabilization elements. Support is a metal or polymer bellows capable of expanding under action of gas or compressed air and compressed under action of elasticity of bellows ribs. Bottom of the bellows is made of a semi-rigid polymer plate with pins capable of bending along the road surface relief. Top rigid cover of bellows has holes, in which gas cartridges, safety and discharge valves are installed. Rotation element is a circular guide frame mounted on the bellows cover, on which roller supports, consisting of rollers and brackets attached to the car bottom, are displaced during the machine rotation. In the center of the bottom there is a ball support with a shaft, which is fixed inside the stand on bearings. To stabilize the machine at rotation on the shaft of the shaft the damper springs are fixed. Stabilization is also ensured by roller supports moving along the circular frame and a polymer plate with pins pressed to the road with force equal to vehicle weight. In order to slow the machine rotation, an electromagnetic brake is mounted in the riser, its clamps being pressed to the shaft.

EFFECT: improved safety.

1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to the field of road safety in Russia, in particular to emergency vehicle stop devices, designed to save passengers in a critical situation.

The relevance of the topic is obvious.

For 10 months of 2019, the number of traffic accidents decreased compared to the same period in 2018. If last year the number of accidents amounted to 138,106, then in 2019 there were 132,251 (-3.5%) accidents. The number of deaths in road accidents last year was 14,989 people, while in 2019 - 13,576 (-9.4%). The number of wounded also decreased from 176,424 to 171,366 (-2.9%). The cause of the accidents is the roads themselves, equipment that does not have emergency stop facilities and the human factor. Further preservation of positive dynamics should take place by improving the quality of roads and the use of emergency vehicles.

The task of emergency braking is to stop for a minimum time and while passing the minimum distance. These are related values, since the more efficiently the speed decreases, the less time it takes to stop, and the shorter the braking distance will be. In this paper, we propose a new method for emergency stopping the car and its constructive implementation. Existing security features: frontal barriers, barriers and barriers are bulky, stationary and are used in special fenced places and in exceptional cases. [1].

To solve the problems associated with the forced stop of the vehicle, the police and the traffic police have effective methods, techniques and specially created technical means [2]. The machine is stopped by braking or acting on its components and assemblies. Known: "hedgehogs", curbstones, barriers - "upstarts", "creepers", "cactus", "roll". For a “soft” stop of the machine use nets - “nets”. They are fixed on pneumatic pistons that absorb the shock. "Tentacles" - the network is wound on an axis, the spikes dig into the wheels and lock, the car stops. In the future, electromagnetic “jammers” will be used [3]. In production vehicles, except for the hand brake, emergency stop devices are not provided. Various inventions of such devices are proposed, but there is no evidence of their practical application.

Known emergency brake device of a vehicle containing a closed brake belt, support rollers and telescopic folding lever suspended from the vehicle frame and brought into contact with the wheel and the roadway, as well as a power drive system to bring the lever into working and transport position [4] .

An emergency brake device is also known, comprising a brake shoe suspended from the body and fixed on the underbody of the body with a hydraulic power mechanism for raising and lowering the shoe, including a hydraulic cylinder with a rod, a return spring and a rotary control lever [5].

It is known emergency brake device containing mounted on the frame of the vehicle brake mechanism that is brought into contact with the roadway, and a hydraulic power drive system of the brake mechanism, including a hydraulic cylinder with a rod and a mechanism for its vertical movement, a return spring and a rotary control lever [6].

An emergency brake device of a machine is known, the peculiarity of which is that the brake device is equipped with a kinetic energy absorption system made in the form of a slider in the form of a stepped rectangular plate, freely with gaps placed in the cavity of a box section guide rigidly attached to the frame, inside of which to its bases ribs attached plates overlapping the working stroke of the slider made of plastic material, oriented at an acute angle to the direction of the working stroke of the slider [7].

There are not many considered devices, they are simple and can be effective at low speeds of vehicles, for cars they are not acceptable.

There are proposals for emergency stopping cars. A device is known for emergency braking of a vehicle, comprising a spring-loaded hinged lever located under the rear of the vehicle, equipped with a tip with a spike designed to interact with the roadway, and a lever lock in the transport position, coupled by means of a drive to a control unit located in the vehicle cabin. The device is also equipped with deformable elements, a beam, a squib, a removable plate with spikes and a metal cable [8].

EMERGENCY BRAKE OF A CAR, comprising a brake device and its drive mounted on a car body, characterized in that the drive is made in the form of a powder gas generator mounted in a guide shaft, on which the brake element of the brake device is arranged to move, made with the possibility of penetration into the ground, while the brake element is connected to power rods made, for example, in the form of cables, passed through clamping devices located on the underbody [9].

Emergency braking device. SUBSTANCE: device includes a rod with a tip interacting with a transport highway and its drive. The rod is made cylindrical and stepped with a smaller diameter on the side of the tip, and its drive is equipped with a hollow cylinder, which with its inner diameter is mated to a large diameter of the rod and has an explosive charge at the end wall. On the part of the shaft with a smaller diameter that protrudes downward into the slice of the hollow cylinder, a ring is connected by a cable to the brake drum. The brake drum has a threaded connection with an axis mounted on the uprights, and a spring is placed between the uprights in the direction of movement of the drum and the end surface of the drum. The device is mounted on the vehicle for its center of gravity in the direction of travel. The length of the cylindrical part of the rod with a smaller diameter with a tip corresponds to the penetration depth of the rod on the most malleable soil of the transport highway for this explosive device [10]. All braking devices act on the wheel or directly on the road. "Wedges, bedding, hedgehogs" and other non-factory-made appliances do not guarantee safety for users; there is no information about their successful use.

All proposed constructive solutions are aimed at reducing the braking distance and driving “by the user”, without completely preventing inertia in the acquired direction, which in most cases does not exclude accidents or overturning of cars. Single use devices. In the best case, it is not the car that is destroyed, but the braking device. Each of the proposed designs can be a prototype of the claimed invention only as logical options for solving the problem.

A device with a different method of canceling the kinetic energy of a moving car is proposed. The device is intended for factory execution in mass production.

The aim of the invention is to provide a device for an emergency stop of a reusable car, which provides increased traffic safety on the roads of Russia.

To achieve this goal, a new method of emergency stopping the car and its constructive implementation is proposed. It is proposed that the rectilinear motion be turned into rotational motion around a certain axis with slight fluctuations in a kind of "yule", while the car rises above the ground with a special design.

The invention is illustrated by drawings: FIG. 1 - schematically shows the proposed brake device in the context; FIG. 2 is a plan view, FIG. 3 - transport position (with a local cut)

Where: 1 - bellows, 2 - the bottom of the bellows in the form of a plate with spikes, 3 - the bellows cover, 4 - gas cartridges, 5 - the safety valve, 6 - the exhaust valve, 7 - the circular frame, 8 - rollers, 9 - brackets, 10 - ball joint, 11 - shaft, 12 - shaft hub, 14 - shock absorber springs, 15 - riser, 16 - rolling bearings, 17 - electromagnetic brake, 18 - latches, 19 - machine body.

An emergency vehicle stop device consists of support, rotation and stabilization elements, characterized in that the support is a metal or polymer bellows that can move apart under the action of gas or compressed air and compress under the elasticity of the bellows ribs, the bottom of the bellows is made of a semi-rigid polymer plate with spikes, capable of bending along the relief of the road surface, the upper rigid bellows cover has openings where gas cartridges, safety and exhaust valves are installed; the rotation element is a guide circular frame mounted on the bellows cover, on which, when the machine rotates, the roller bearings are moved, consisting of rollers and brackets mounted on the bottom of the car, a ball bearing is installed in the center of the bottom with a shaft that is mounted inside the riser on bearings; To stabilize the machine during rotation, shock absorber springs are fixed on the shaft hub. Roller bearings moving along a circular frame and a polymer plate with spikes, pressing against the road with a force equal to the weight of the car, also serve to increase stabilization. To slow down the rotation of the machine, an electromagnetic brake is mounted in the riser, the pads of which are pressed against the shaft.

The emergency vehicle stop device is manufactured in the process of car assembly in the factory. You can assemble the device in a cylindrical box, which is then inserted into the slot in the bottom of the machine, and placed under the seats. Especially for the device, an electronic unit for tracking the situation on the road and the automatic operation of the device is created. This eliminates the negative human factor when a person in a stressful state “stops” or produces destructive actions. The driver does not need to search for the desired button among many others on the dashboard, which is instantly difficult to do.

The work of the proposed device is as follows. At the plant, the system response parameters are worked out, emergency criteria are determined, which are stored in the on-board computer along with a system for monitoring the situation on the road. When these criteria are achieved that determine the proximity of a collision, an obstacle, a ravine or uncontrolled sliding, airbags are deployed and at the same time gas cartridges push the bellows until the plate contacts the spikes with the road. At the same time, the gas pressure and the expansion of the bellows should be enough to lift the machine and take the wheels off the road. In this position, the weight of the machine is transmitted through the ball bearing - 10, the shaft - 11, the shock absorber springs - 14, mounted on the shaft hub - 12 to the bellows cover - 3. In this case, the shaft - 12 passes inside the riser 15, relying on the rolling bearings - 16. The inertia force of the suspended machine will cause it to rotate around an axis passing through the shaft - 11. To slow down the rotation of the machine, an electromagnetic brake 17 is mounted in the riser, the pads of which are pressed against the shaft - 11. A ball bearing is used to perceive vibrational movements of the machine body during torsion - 10 and shock absorber springs - 14. To be rotated: machine body 19, shaft 11 with shaft hub 12, shock absorber with springs - 14, brackets - 9 with rollers 8 that move around the circular frame 7. It is possible that the bellows is loaded from the weight of the machine dynamic effects will be added, and gas will be vented through the safety valve - 5. After the kinetic energy is extinguished and the machine stops rotating, air from the bellows - 1 is vented through the exhaust valve - 6, the bellows - 1 is compressed, the plate with spikes - 2 is aligned with the bottom of the machine and secured with latches 18. After reloading the gas cartridges - 4, you can continue to move along the road.

According to the applicant, the proposed device is quite original, it has the ability to qualify for factory production and mass production.

SOURCES:

1. https://auto.tut.by/news/road/660636.html

2. https://studme.org/40745/pravo/sredstva_prinuditelnoy_ostanovki_transporta.

3. https://auto.tut.by/news/offtop/379137. html

4. see a.c. USSR No. 1301738, class B60T 1/14, 1983.

5. see U.S. Patent No. 3,995,569, cl. 188-5, 1976.

6. see A.S. USSR No. 1366436, cl. B60T 1/14, 1986.

7. https://moypatent.ru/patent/227/2274566.html.

8. https://findpatent.ru/patent/207/2078703.html.

9. https://findpatent.ru/patent/204/2048325.html.

10. https://findpatent.ru/patent/202/2022842.html

Claims (2)

1. The device of an emergency stop of the car, consisting of support elements, rotation and stabilization, characterized in that the support element is a metal or polymer bellows, able to move apart under the action of gas or compressed air and compress under the action of the elasticity of the ribs of the bellows, the bottom of the bellows is made of semi-rigid polymer plates with spikes that can bend along the relief of the road surface, the upper rigid bellows cover has holes in which gas cartridges, safety and exhaust valves are installed, the rotation element is a guide circular frame mounted on the bellows cover, on which the roller bearings move when the machine rotates, consisting of rollers and brackets mounted on the bottom of the car, a ball bearing is installed in the center of the bottom with a shaft that is mounted inside the riser on bearings, the element for stabilizing the car during rotation is the shock absorber springs mounted on the shaft hub. 2. The emergency vehicle stopping device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with an electromagnetic brake mounted in a riser, the pads of which are pressed against the shaft and serve to slow down the rotation of the machine.

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