RU2723089C1 - Method of stimulating sprouting of plant seeds - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture, food industry and can be used in livestock sector, brewing industry, for production of food and fodder additives. Method of stimulation of sprouting of plant seeds is carried out by way of their soaking for 3–4 hours in aqueous solutions of 0.5–2.0 g/l of KCl or KHPO, obtained by saturation with hydrogen in Drexel flasks for 0.5–1 h with ORP value from -150 to -400 mV. Seeds of rapeseed, camelina and wheat are used as seeds.EFFECT: invention provides higher efficiency of sprouting of plant seeds.1 cl, 4 tbl, 4 ex

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, food industry and can be used in animal husbandry, brewing, to obtain food and feed additives.

The intensification of agriculture and food industry requires the development of new methods and technologies, including at the stage of soaking and germination of seeds of agricultural plants.

Germinated seeds are enriched with vitamins, active enzymes and can be used with higher digestibility and effectiveness.

Various methods are described for stimulating the germination and growth of seeds by pretreating them with physicochemical methods or treating them with chemicals.

A known method of stimulating the germination of seeds by soaking them in water, used in the production of barley malt in the production of beer [1], as well as in water containing ozone concentration of 150-900 mg / l for 10-30 minutes, followed by germination [2]. At the same time, the energy of seed germination is increased, and the time of germination is reduced.

The disadvantages of the method: the relatively sophisticated technology for producing ozone and its corrosive activity.

The most acceptable are methods to reduce costs, increase efficiency and environmental safety.

A method for stimulating the germination of oilseeds with an aqueous solution of bischofite - a natural mineral - with a concentration of 10-15 vol. % [3]. The disadvantages of the method are the high concentration and consumption of bischofite.

Closest to the proposed method is described for stimulating the germination of wheat seeds by soaking in electroactivated water (catholyte) for 6-10 hours, followed by planting in the soil [4]. The method has a high duration of soaking seeds.

Quality indicators of catholyte: pH 9.4. In catholyte, according to the authors, the OH ^- particle and the redox potential (ORP) have an effect on the germination of seeds, but this indicator is not given. Seed germination in the experiment 85.8%, in the control of 80.4%, i.e. increased by 5.4%.

The disadvantages of the method: a low degree of increase in germination (5.4%), a narrow range of catholyte quality indicators (pH 9.4), the relative complexity of the equipment (homemade type electric activator).

We believe that during the electric treatment of water in the cathode chamber, molecular hydrogen is dissolved in water, which is formed at the cathode. Information on the duration of the electric processing is not given.

The technical result is an increase in the efficiency of germination of plant seeds with the reduction of water treatment conditions (aqueous solutions), quality indicators of liquids for processing plant seeds, expanding the range of methods.

This is achieved by first preparing aqueous solutions (0.5-2.0 g / l) of KCl or KH ₂ PO ₄ by taking a sample of salts and dissolving them in distilled water in volumetric flasks. The pH and the ORP were determined. Then, a solution of KCl or KH ₂ PO ₄ in a volume of 100 or 200 ml was loaded into Drexel flasks and saturated with hydrogen from the Kipp apparatus (reaction of interaction in a solution of metal granular zinc with sulfuric acid), or from a cylinder for 0.5-1 hours.

At the same time, saturated hydrogen solutions with ORP from -150 to -400 mV were obtained. These solutions were used for soaking plant seeds (crops) for 3-4 hours and subsequent germination in the wet state according to the requirements of GOST 12038-84. Germination energy (on the 3rd day), germination (on the 7th day) and the parameters of germinated seeds (length of seedlings and roots) were determined.

In the control variant, the seeds were soaked in distilled water; the experiments were performed in triplicate. Positive results were obtained in experiments in comparison with the control.

Example 1. Preparation of stock solutions. In volumetric flasks with a portion of reactive salts, solutions of 1 g / L KCl and KH ₂ PO ₄ were prepared.

Example 2. Preparation of a hydrogenated KCl solution. 100 ml of KCl solution was charged to the flask and from Drexel Kipp apparatus, hydrogen gas was passed gradually H ₂ (60-70 exemplary transmission rate of bubbles in 1 min) to saturation for 0.5 hours.

Example 3. Preparation of a saturated solution of KH ₂ PO ₄ . For this, 200 ml of a KH ₂ PO ₄ solution was loaded into a Drexel flask and hydrogen was passed from the Kipp apparatus as in Example 2 to saturation for 1 h.

The indicators obtained after saturation with hydrogen solutions:

Example 4. Testing for germination of seeds. Satisfactory crop seeds were first soaked in distilled water (control) and KCl or KH ₂ PO ₄ solution (experiments) for 3-4 hours. Then, the seeds were germinated on filter paper according to GOST 12038-84.

The following best results were obtained:

As can be seen from the above data, the proposed method is simpler in hardware design, more effective when using aqueous solutions of KCl or KH ₂ PO ₄ with ORP from -150 to -400 mV in the case of soaking seeds of rape, camelina and wheat, and their further germination. The largest increase in germination and germination energy is from 3 to 27% (abs.) Of the lengths of roots and stems is from 5.5 to 70.2% (rel.) To the control. Especially effective is the use of hydrogenated solutions of KH ₂ PO ₄ . In accordance with the available information, we believe that the active substance of the solutions is mainly dissolved hydrogen, which has reducing (antioxidant) properties in the solution, as well as partially atomic hydrogen (H).

Sources of information

1. Technology of food production / ed. L.P. Kowalski. - M .: Kolos, p. 483.

2. Pat. RU No. 2169177, С12С 1/00, 1999

3. Pat. RU№2145471, А01С 1/00, 1997

4. Pat. RU No. 2246813, B01C 1/00, 2005

Claims (1)

A method of stimulating the germination of plant seeds, including their soaking in aqueous solutions followed by germination in a wet state, characterized in that the soaking is carried out for 3-4 hours and solutions of 0.5-2.0 g / l KCl or are used as aqueous solutions KH ₂ PO ₄ obtained by saturating them with hydrogen in Drexel flasks for 0.5-1 h with an ORP of -150 to -400 mV, with an increase in the efficiency of germination energy, germination and length of seedlings and roots, use seeds as seeds of rapeseed, camelina and wheat.