RU2722756C1 - Method for improvement of germination of small-seeded crops - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture, in particular to treatment of seeds before sowing. Method of increasing germination capacity of small-seeded crops involves mixing small seeds with oil from germs of seeds of winter wheat in ratio of 20:1. Thereafter, zeolite-containing alanite clay is encapsulated with saturated aqueous solution of iodine in concentration of 0.2 % at ratio of 1:1.

EFFECT: technical result is higher efficiency of seed treatment method before sowing.

1 cl, 1 tbl

Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular, seed treatment before sowing small-seeded crops and may find application in the preparation of seeds for sowing

There is a method in which fish glue from fish scales is used as a stimulant in a mixture with complex microelements and biological products (patent No. 2576534, published January 27, 2016, bull. No. 3).

However, the known technical solution is quite complicated, because it includes several ingredients.

There is a method in which small seeds of a mamordica plant are soaked in an aqueous solution of para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) in a mixture with calcium gluconate for 1-2 hours (patent No. 2664305, published 05.08.2018, IPC A01C1 / 06, Bull. No. 23)

The known technical solution is also complicated, since PABA is soluble only in hot water. In addition, the seeds in the initial period need a number of substances necessary for complete development, which is not effective enough when implementing the known method.

The closest technical solution is the method of pre-sowing treatment of small seeds of winter camelina, including seed treatment with a strain of nodule bacteria with the addition of sugar syrup dissolved in a solution of PABA and soil for better flowability of seeds during sowing (patent 2670162, published October 18, 2018, Bull. No. 29 IPC A01C 1/00, A01N 63/00).

The disadvantage of the prototype method is that the PABA powder is soluble only in hot water and to introduce bacterial strains into the aqueous solution it is necessary to cool it to 25 degrees, which slows down the implementation of the method and reduces its effectiveness.

The technical result is an increase in the efficiency of the method.

The technical solution of the claimed object lies in the fact that, in contrast to the known method, small seeds of agricultural crops (annual clover, amaranth, camelina clover, etc.) are mixed with oil from the germ of seeds of winter wheat in a ratio of 1:20, and then enveloped their zeolite-containing clay alanite saturated with an aqueous solution of iodine at a concentration of 0.2%. in a ratio of 1: 1.

The method is as follows.

Winter wheat seedling oil contains squalene and octanozole, unsaturated hydrocarbons that increase plant immunity. The antioxidants that are a part of microelements, fat-soluble vitamins, various acids, improve a metabolism, accelerate the process of growth and development of germinating seeds. The antioxidants of selenium and zinc present in the oil form a high immunity of plants, providing its protection against diseases and pests, and release from free radicals. The complex of macro- and microelements creates favorable conditions for the growth and development of small-seed crops. Wheat germ oil is commonly used in cosmetics and medicine. In pre-sowing treatment, we are offered for the first time. Because oil-treated seeds have a sticking ability. Alanite clay saturated with potassium iodide in a 0.2% aqueous solution was added to the treated seed.

The zeolite-containing clay Alanit (the place of origin of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania, Mozdok district) contains a number of macro- and microelements necessary for improving soil fertility and plant nutrition. In this case, this clay in a small amount of 1 kg per 1 kg of seeds of a fine-seed crop treated with oil of wheat seedlings is used to envelop the seeds in order to improve flowability when using a seeder and additional feeding of seed material with iodine. Alanite contains 31-33% calcium, 16-17% aluminum, 5-6% iron, 51-53% silicon, potassium, phosphorus, sulfur, cobalt, manganese and other elements are in small amounts in alanite, which significantly complements the elements of oil germ of wheat.

Before use, clay alanite is crushed and soaked in 5% alcohol solution of potassium iodide at the rate of 2 ml per 1 liter of water. The mixture prepared at the rate of 0.2% potassium iodide is mixed with 1 kg of zeolite-containing clay, that is, 1 kg of seeds mixed with 100 ml of oil of wheat germ is mixed with 1 kg of alanite saturated with iodine solution

Example 1. The seeds of a one-year-old persian or incarnate clover were mixed with winter wheat germ oil in a ratio of 1:20, that is, 100 ml of oil and 2 kg of an annual clover seed. Such an amount of seeds was mixed with crushed alanite in an amount of 2 kg. Before seed treatment, the clay was crushed and placed in 1 l of a 0.2% aqueous solution of potassium iodide. After drying, the mixture was sown with a seeder.

Example 2. Amaranth seeds in an amount of 1 kg (hectare norm of seeds) with wheat germ oil at a rate of 50 ml. Such an amount was mixed with clay alanite saturated with potassium iodide in an amount of 1 kg

Example 3. Small seeds of the cruciferous or cabbage family (mustard, rapeseed, winter camelina) at the rate of 1 kg of seeds of each culture were mixed with 50 ml. oils of winter wheat seedlings, adding alanite clay to them, as in examples 1 and 2

The results of the experiments are presented in the table:

Germination of seeds of agricultural crops,%

Based on the data in the table it follows that the proposed method provides an increase in the germination of small seed crops. The method allows using natural plant materials to increase the efficiency of a technical solution using natural raw materials at no additional cost.

Claims (1)

A method of increasing the germination capacity of small-seeded crops, including treating the seeds with substances of plant origin, characterized in that the small seeds are mixed with oil from the germ of seeds of winter wheat in a ratio of 20: 1, after which they are enveloped with zeolite-containing clay alanite saturated with an aqueous solution of iodine in a concentration of 0, 2%, in the ratio 1: 1.