RU2704925C1 - Fire extinguishing aerosol generator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: fire safety.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to field of fire extinguishing, namely to devices generating gas-aerosol combustion inhibitors. Each charge of pyrotechnic aerosol-forming composition is placed in a shell from water-impermeable polymer material. Unit for initiation of ignition of pyrotechnic aerosol-forming composition is ignition dose of highly flammable composition, sufficient for ignition of main pyrotechnical charge, made in form of grating head/set of grating heads of incendiary mixture with possibility of ignition both from action of electric current pulse, and manually by short-term friction of grating heads/one of grating heads on any surface or drawing along at least one grating head of body with rough surface (grating surface). For automatic fire extinguishing or remote start-up, it is advisable to use set of contacting grating heads of incendiary mixture, at least one of which is in tight contact with hard-alloy conductor, capable of heating it to ignition temperature under action of electric current pulse.

EFFECT: high reliability of using the device in different climatic conditions, broader versions of operating the device, high quality and formation of the required direction of the aerosol flow during operation, ease of use of the device on various fire extinguishing facilities, as well as low temperature of the body parts during combustion of the pyrotechnic aerosol-forming composition.

3 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of fire extinguishing, namely, devices generating gas aerosol combustion inhibitors generated during the combustion of a pyrotechnic composition and organized into a protected volume and intended for use both in manual and stationary versions both in stand-alone and automatic fire extinguishing systems flammable and combustible substances, solid materials and electrical equipment, including under voltage.

A device is known for volumetric aerosol fire extinguishing, comprising an initiation unit, an aerosol forming charge set with a gap filled with a binder in a perforated metal case in the form of a glass so that at the open end of the glass in the free space a receiver is connected through communication holes with the receiver an annular channel between the perforated metal case and the perforated metal shell mounted with a gap filled with the binder, in a cylindrical metal casing, closed by a metal cover, under which there is a chamber having outlet openings in which a reversible annular channel is open (RF patent No. 2164808, publ. 10.04.2001).

The disadvantages of this device are the need to use a different chemical composition in the initiation unit of the intermediate charge, which leads to the appearance in the initial period of time of components in the combustion product that are not inherent to the generated aerosol, the impossibility of initiating a charge ignition without an electric current pulse, the lack of waterproofing of the pyrotechnic aerosol-forming composition, which , due to the hygroscopicity of the latter, leads to complications when using the device in conditions of increased moisture, which limits the scope of the device, as well as the high temperature of the resulting inhibitor, which often leads to negative consequences of using the device.

These disadvantages are partially eliminated in the known technical solution, namely, in a device for volumetric aerosol fire extinguishing, including a perforated metal case in the form of a glass with a gap filled with a binder, an aerosol forming charge and an initiation unit with the formation of a receiver at the open end of the glass connected by communication holes with a reversible annular channel formed between a perforated metal body and a perforated metal with a casing, placed with a gap filled with a binder, in a cylindrical metal casing closed by a metal lid, a chamber placed under the lid and outlet openings located on the cylindrical metal casing near the metal cap and / or on it (RF patent No. 2206353, publ. . June 20, 2003).

However, the indicated technical solution does not solve the problems of waterproofing the pyrotechnic aerosol-forming composition, expanding the possibility of starting the initiation unit, and does not sufficiently insulate the casing from the combustion products of the pyrotechnic composition, which leads to its excessive heating.

The technical result, to which the claimed invention is directed, is to increase the reliability of using the device in various climatic conditions, expanding the options for starting up the device, improving the quality and forming the required direction of the aerosol flow during operation, ease of use of the device at various fire extinguishing objects, and also reducing the temperature of body parts in the process of burning a pyrotechnic aerosol forming composition.

The specified technical result is ensured by the fact that in order to provide waterproofing, each charge of the pyrotechnic aerosol-forming composition is placed in a shell of a moisture-proof polymer material.

In order to increase the reliability and expand the launch options, the ignition initiation unit of the pyrotechnic aerosol-forming composition is an ignition dose of a flammable composition sufficient to ignite the main pyrotechnic charge, made in the form of a grate head / set of grate heads from an incendiary mixture with the possibility of ignition as from an electric current pulse, and manually - by short-term friction of the grater heads / one of the grater heads on any surface or stretching along at least one grater head of a body with a rough surface (grater surface). At the same time, during manual activation, only one head, ignited by friction, is sufficient, and when used as part of generators for automatic fire extinguishing or remote start, it is advisable to use a set of contacting grate heads from the ignition mixture, at least one of which tightly contacts a carbide conductor capable of Under the influence of an electric current pulse, heat it to the ignition temperature.

In order to reduce the temperature of the resulting aerosol-containing composition and body parts, the parts of the device that come into contact with the charge of the pyrotechnic aerosol-forming composition, if necessary, reduce the temperature, are covered with intumescent fire-retardant paint, whose thermodynamics of decomposition when released causes a certain amount of water to be released, which part is consumed by evaporation and conversion into superheated steam charge burning energy, intensively cooling the resulting fire extinguishing aerosol-containing composition in, and a fireproof paint swells and increases its thickness is a multiple of forming a porous insulating layer that prevents excess heating of the housing parts.

In order to expand the functionality, ease of use, ease of initiating fire and forming the desired direction of propagation of the flow of the inhibitor, various options are provided:

1 is an embodiment of manual operational execution with mechanical initiation of ignition of a pyrotechnic aerosol forming composition, in which the charge of the pyrotechnic aerosol forming composition waterproofed in a polymer shell is located in a cylindrical body made, for example, of pressed cardboard. In this case, the kit may have a grater surface;

2 is a variant of stationary or operational execution with volumetric spread of the inhibitor and the initiation of ignition by an electric current pulse, while the pyrotechnic aerosol-forming composition, waterproofed in a polymer shell, is mounted on the bottom of one of the two body parts covered from the inside with an insulating layer that are counter-joined by flanges forming an exit slot nozzle, while a cavity is formed over the open end of the pyrotechnic aerosol forming composition Ver, communicating with the exit slot nozzle, forming the direction of exit of the inhibitor.

3 is a stationary embodiment with directional frontal propagation of the inhibitor and the initiation of ignition by an electric current pulse, while the charge of the pyrotechnic aerosol-forming composition is mounted on the bottom of one of the two housing containers coated from the inside with a heat-insulating layer, which are counter-joined and form a cavity forming a receiver communicating by reverse channel with outlet openings forming directional nozzles.

Variants of a fire extinguishing aerosol generator designed for operational execution (manual start) with the initiation of ignition by pulling a rough body along at least one grater head to ensure contact between them are also possible.

The device is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 schematically shows a General view of the device in a stationary embodiment with radial propagation of the inhibitor and the initiation of ignition from an electric current pulse when using a single charge of a pyrotechnic aerosol-forming composition, FIG. 2 shows the same device with 2 charges of a pyrotechnic aerosol forming composition; in FIG. 3 is a general view of the initiation assembly comprising a refractory conductor for igniting the ignition dose by passing an electric current pulse; in FIG. 4 is a general view of a device with a frontal aerosol outlet; FIG. 5 - view of the device in the performance for manual use; in FIG. 6 - generator in the process of testing for moisture resistance.

A device for volumetric aerosol fire extinguishing generally contains a prefabricated metal case consisting of 2 detachable parts 1 and 1a (Fig. 1, 2), covered with a heat-insulating layer 5, at the bottom of the bottom of which a pyrotechnic aerosol-forming composition 2 is placed, in order to waterproofing is covered with a polymer moisture-proof shell 3, with which the initiation unit 4 is in contact. Moreover, a gap is formed between the pyrotechnic aerosol-forming composition and the upper part of the housing, making th receiver part 6 connected to the annular gap, fulfilling the function of the slot nozzle, formed at the junction by means of bolts 7 demountable housing parts, the size of which is determined by washers 8.

The initiation unit (Fig. 3) is a firing dose of a flammable composition of the incendiary mixture 9, in order to expand the launch capabilities made in the form of a grater head or a set of grater heads. In order to be able to remotely or automatically start the unit through the action of an electric current pulse, at least one of the heads of the ignition mixture is in close contact with the refractory conductor 10, capable of heating it to the ignition temperature under the influence of an electric pulse, causing a fire.

In FIG. 4 shows a General view of the device in a version for stationary use with frontal aerosol release.

In manual execution - FIG. 5 - a pyrotechnic aerosol-forming composition (not shown in Fig.) Is placed in a housing 1 equipped with a handle 13 for convenience. The device operates in a similar way, but the ignition of the initiation unit is carried out manually by friction of the ignition dose of the flammable composition of the initiation unit 4, made in the form of a grater heads on any surface (similar to matches). Variants of execution, containing additionally a grater surface 14.

The tests of prototypes confirmed the achievement of all the claimed objectives of the invention. In particular, the devices after being in water for 15 hours (Fig. 6) showed reliable operation of the initiation units and operability, the initiation units reliably operate both from an electric current impulse and when rubbing against the surface or by pulling a rough body along at least one grater head with ensuring contact between them without false responses and misfires, various designs allow to obtain the desired direction of flow of the inhibitor, which guarantees reliability and ease of use Extinguishing device at different sites.

Thus, the claimed objectives of the present invention are achieved.

Claims (3)

1. A fire extinguishing aerosol generator containing at least one charge of a pyrotechnic aerosol forming composition, mounted in a housing, characterized in that the ignition initiation unit of the pyrotechnic aerosol forming composition is a firing dose of a flammable composition made in the form of a grater head / set of grater heads that are in close contact with refractory a conductor, with the possibility of ignition by passing a pulse of electric current through a refractory conductor. 2. The fire extinguishing aerosol generator according to claim 1, characterized in that one or more charges of the pyrotechnic aerosol forming composition are mounted on the bottom of one of the two housing containers, covered from the inside with a heat-insulating layer, which are counter-joined and form a receiver, communicating via a reversing channel with outlet openings, forming directed nozzles, and the parts in contact with the charge of the aerosol-forming pyrotechnic composition, if necessary, are coated with intumescent fire-retardant paint. 3. The fire extinguishing aerosol generator according to claim 1, characterized in that one or more charges of the pyrotechnic aerosol forming composition are mounted on the bottom of one of the two body containers, covered from the inside with a heat-insulating layer, which are counter-joined by flanges forming an exit slot nozzle, while above the open end charge of a pyrotechnic aerosol-forming composition, if one charge is used, or between them, if there are more, a cavity is formed that acts as a receiver that communicates with the output slot nozzle, and parts in contact with the aerosol-forming pyrotechnic charge, if necessary, are covered with intumescent fire-retardant paint.

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