RU2692620C1 - Method for reduction of number of flies on objects of veterinary and sanitary supervision - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of disinsection of livestock premises and can be used in veterinary science, livestock farming and poultry farming. Flies reduction method involves treatment of livestock and poultry premises with an insecticide compound. Composition contains a combination of active substances fipronil and ivermectin, as a food attractant – saccharose or glucose, as a sexual attractant – tricosene, as a thickener – modified potato cold-swelling starch. For the treatment of premises, the insecticide compound is mixed with cold water in ratio of 1:3 until it thickens. Compound is applied in places of flies accumulation at rate of 250 ml of the ready mixture per 1 m. Application is performed by brush or roller on surface of room or on substrates. Invention provides prolonged irreversible insecticidal effect. Chemical load on livestock and poultry premises is reduced. Special equipment for processing is not required.EFFECT: possibility of easy disposal of insecticide residues when using substrates.1 cl, 3 ex, 2 tbl

Description

The invention relates to the field of disinsection of objects of veterinary and sanitary inspection, primarily livestock and poultry facilities, and can be used in the field of veterinary medicine, livestock and poultry.

Disinsection is one of the mandatory veterinary measures that ensure proper veterinary and sanitary conditions of livestock and poultry facilities. According to the sanitary and epidemiological requirements for organizations in carrying out disinsection measures against synanthropic insects, all individual entrepreneurs and legal entities, regardless of their organizational and legal forms of ownership, who carry out disinsection measures, must comply with the rules for anti-pest control [8]. The most effective anti-insect defensive measures are methods of combating the use of chemical agents, the choice of which is quite large today [5, 3]. For the disinsection of premises, the use of insecticides by the methods of irrigation, irrigation, spraying is widespread. The death of insects occurs as a result of contact with the treated surfaces. This method of combating insects has several disadvantages. Firstly, there is a danger of the formation of resistant insect populations [6]. Thus, domestic and foreign researchers note a high, fairly rapidly developing resistance to chemical agents in house flies [9, 12, 10]. Secondly, negative effects of contact insecticides on the environment are possible, for example, accumulation of insecticide residues and their metabolites in the soil, effects on untargeted living organisms, reduction of biodiversity, death of wild animals and livestock (as a result of accidental poisoning), water pollution and other [2]. Thirdly, special spraying equipment and respiratory protection of the operator from the sprayed agent are necessary. Thus, studies on the search for alternative ways and means to combat ectoparasites are relevant.

Of the chemical insecticides, drugs based on pyrethroids, neonicotinoids (thiamethoxam, imidacloprid, acetamiprid) and pyrazoles (fipronil) are widely used [7]. When choosing premises disinsection chemicals at present, preference is given to safer means, for example, in the form of baits, to insecticides that have an intestinal effect on insects [1, 4, 11]. Such products contain the active substance, as well as attracting substances (food and sex attractants) and fillers.

Insecticidal agents, based on fipronil, are used in veterinary medicine only for the treatment and prevention of arachnoentomoses in animals: RF Patent No. 2585384, RF Patent No. 2452180, RF Patent No. 2437668, RF Patent No. 2558074, RF Patent No. 2557986, RF Patent No. 2340181 , patent No. 2557986, - as well as for the treatment of their habitats: RF patent No. 2283590, RF patent No. 2329796, RF patent No. 2329797, RF patent No. 2348398.

Patented products containing fipronil against insects, including flies: RF Patent No. 2384065, RF Patent No. 2464782, RF Patent No. 2475024, RF Patent No. 2574887. The disadvantage of these methods is direct application to animals, or inside, and on the walls of rooms, with possible poisoning of animals and environmental pollution, and the difference is that they are made in the form of a liquid formulation, which requires special conditions for storage, transportation and preparation .

In another invention, the authors listed examples of insect pests that can be controlled using the “composition” of a carboxamyl compound and fipronil (RF Patent No. 2,562,669) are also known: a composition from the group of amides of anthranilic acid and fipronil (RF Patent No. 2395963), a pyridine composition compound or its salt with another pesticide, for example with fipronil (RF patent №2264099), technical sulfur composition and fipronil (RF patent №2546887), but the concentrations of substances and experimental efficacy data against Musca domestica.

Another close analogue in the form of a granulated bait against house flies (Musca domestica), RF patent No. 2370035, includes imidacloprid, thiamethoxam and fipronil in an amount of from 0.01 to 5%. The disadvantage of this method is that in the granules there is no substance for imparting a viscous consistency and this leads to loss of funds when applied to surfaces, including vertical, and as a result of environmental insecurity.

In veterinary medicine, inventions are known with the use of ivermectin as an antiparasitic agent. RF patent №262777, RF patent №2554350, RF patent №2519085, RF patent №2554074, RF patent №2412700, RF patent №2412705; for the treatment and prevention of arachnoentomoses - RF patent №2516891, RF patent №2497364, RF patent №2613145, RF patent №2426550, RF patent №2452503, RF patent №2437668, RF patent №2568906; for the treatment of helminthes. RF patent №2627893, RF patent №2611387, RF patent №2367435, RF patent №2412698, RF patent №2412697; for the treatment of ecto-and endoparasites Seek RussianPatents.com Patent №2162699

Close analogues of the proposed invention are ways of dealing with houseflies (Musca domestica) with the help of bait means containing 0.15 wt. % fipronil (RF patent No. 2540553), and with the help of bait means containing 0.6 wt. % ivermectin (RF patent №2540553). The disadvantage of these methods is that the concentrations of fipronil and ivermectin are 10 times higher compared with the proposed invention.

Also close analogues are bait against houseflies (Musca domestica), containing 0.015 wt. % fipronil and 0.15 wt. % of acetamiprid (RF patent No. 26,06044), and bait against indoor flies (Musca domestica), containing 0.15% of acetamiprid wt. % and 0.06% ivermectin wt. % (RF patent №2628936). The difference and advantage of the proposed invention is a new combination of active ingredients, which are fundamentally different from acetamiprid on the mechanism of action on insects.

The aim of the present invention is to improve the efficiency of disinsection of veterinary and sanitary inspection of flies (Musca domestica) and expanding the range of means for its implementation, as well as improving the safety of disinsection measures for the personnel performing them and the environment.

This goal is achieved by using an insecticidal composition made in powder form, which contains two active ingredients, ivermectin and fipronil, sucrose or glucose as a food attractant, tricozene as a sex attractant, and cold-swelling modified potato starch as a thickener.

The way to control flies in livestock buildings is that, as an insecticidal composition, a powder form is used that contains active ingredients ivermectin and fipronil, sex (tricozen) and food (sucrose or glucose) attractants and thickener (modified cold swelling potato starch ) in the following ratio, wt. %:

ivermectin - 0.06, fipronil - 0.015, trikozen - 0.15, modified potato starch - 18, sucrose or glucose - 81,775.

For the treatment of premises, the insecticidal composition is mixed with cold water in a ratio of 1: 3 until it thickens and is applied in places where flies accumulate at the rate of 250 ml of the prepared mixture per 1 m ^{2 with a} brush or roller on the surface of the room or on substrates.

The invention provides a long-lasting, irreversible insecticidal effect, including in relation to the resistant population of flies to one of the active substances - ivermectin and fipronil, while the combination of active ingredients ivermectin and fipronil in this composition gives synergism and thereby reduces the concentration of ivermectin and fipronil in 10 times compared with monocomponent formulations. The proposed method also allows to reduce the chemical load on livestock and poultry premises due to the possibility of using on substrates and reducing the concentration of active substances, increases safety for personnel producing insecticidal treatment, does not require special equipment for work, allows easy utilization of insecticide residues when using substrates . Due to the modified starch included in the insecticidal composition, when mixed with cold water, a thick mass is formed, which is convenient to put on substrates or other surfaces and not to incur loss of the preparation.

Fipronil is a chemical active substance of pesticides from the group of phenylpyrazole, used in rural and personal household farms, in animals for the control of harmful insects and mites. Registered in the Russian Federation.

Ivermectin is a semisynthetic macrocyclic lactone derived from soil actinomycete Streptomyces avermictilis. effective against invertebrates, including insects. Registered in the Russian Federation.

Modified starches (potato, corn) cold swelling are capable of thickening in cold water, due to which they are widely used in the food industry as thickeners, stabilizers, texturizers.

Thus, all major components for the manufacture of insecticidal compositions are available.

The invention is carried out by the following examples.

Example 1. Preparation of insecticidal composition.

Weigh the required amount of active ingredients (ivermectin and fipronil) and with constant stirring (for example, using a magnetic stirrer) is dissolved in acetone or isopropyl alcohol, which is taken in a volume equal to the amount of sucrose. Then connect the calculated volume of sexual attractant tricozenes, food attractant (sucrose or glucose), a thickener (modified starch) and dissolved active substances in acetone or isopropyl alcohol, continuing to mix. The prepared mixture is dried, occasionally stirring, and packaged in plastic containers of 50, 100, 150 or 300 g. The components and their ratios are presented in table 1.

Example 2. Comparative insecticidal efficacy of baiting formulations under laboratory conditions.

In the laboratory with the use of a laboratory culture of a room fly Musca domestica, a finished formulation of the developed formulation was tested with the working title Flies IF, containing 0.06% ivermectin and 0.015% fipronil (working solution 0.02% and 0.005% d. c., respectively), in comparison with the baiting compositions “Mukhnet F” with a content of 0.15% fipronil (working solution 0.05% by ai) and “Mukhnet I” with a content of ivermectin 0.6% (working solution 0 , 2% for ai). The test was performed by evaluating the effectiveness of food insecticidal baits for controlling flies as described in the manual “Methods of laboratory research and testing of disinfectants to assess their effectiveness and safety. The management Р 4.2.2643-10. ". The finished formulation was diluted with water in a ratio of 1: 3 (for example, 10 g of powder and 30 g of cold water) with constant stirring. The resulting thick mass was applied using a brush onto glass test objects of 100 cm ² in an amount of 2.5 ml. After drying, the test objects were placed in a cage with flies, as an alternative, ordinary food was placed in the cage (glucose mixed with powdered milk). Accounting for the death of insects was carried out after 24 and 48 hours. It was established that bait compositions have insecticidal efficacy of at least 95 ± 0.3% after 24 hours exposure and 100% after 48 hours (Table 2).

When comparing the effectiveness of working solutions bait composition based on two active ingredients "Mukhnet IF" with a content of fipronil of 0.005% and ivermectin 0.02%, respectively, and solutions with baiting compositions of Mukhnet F containing one a. fipronil at a concentration of 0.05% and "Mukhnet I" with the content of one a. Ivermectin at a concentration of 0.2% found that the combination of active ingredients fipronil and ivermectin in the developed Mukhnet IF bait composition provides a 100% insecticidal effect at a concentration of active components 10 times (for fipronil and ivermectin) times lower than monocomponent preparations .

Example 3. Evaluation of the effectiveness of the insecticidal bait composition “Mukhnet IF” under production conditions in comparison with “Mukhnet F” and “Mukhnet I”.

The compositions “Mukhnet IF”, “Mukhnet F” and “Mukhnet I” were mixed with water in a ratio of 1: 3 and applied onto substrates at the rate of 250 ml per 1 m ² , which were placed in places where flies of livestock houses (on windows, door openings , in the corners of rooms, sources of heat - water heating devices, feeding rooms, etc.). The content of active ingredients in the finished solution was: 0.005% and 0.02% (Flies IF), 0.05%) (Flies F), 0.2% (Flies And). Before disinsection and after 24 hours, we counted the number of insects by catching on sticky sheets measuring 10 × 50 cm, which were located at 8 test points along the perimeter of the room.

In the barn No. 1 of the dairy farm, prior to the use of the Mukhnet F composition, there were 3.2 thousand individuals / m ² , a day later the number of insects was 0.2 thousand individuals / m ² . Thus, the effectiveness of the treatment of the premises against flies with the use of the insecticide bait "Mukhnet F", on the first day was 93.75%. Restoration of the number of flies to the original level was observed at 8-9 days after disinsection.

Flies And tested in the barn number 2 dairy farm. Prior to the use of the “Mukhnet I” composition, there were 40 thousand flies / m ² , in a day the number of insects was 2.2 thousand individuals / m ² , the processing efficiency was 94.5%. The increase in the number of insects of the baiting composition Mukhnet I up to 30% of the initial amount occurred within 4-5 days. Restoration of the number of flies to the original level was observed at 7-8 days after disinsection.

The test “Mukhnet IF” was carried out in a calf house before treatment with the developed composition totaled up to 36 thousand insects / m ² sheet, after processing by the proposed method, their number decreased to 1.2 thousand individuals / m ² , processing efficiency was 96.7% . Restoration of the number of flies to the original level in the room was observed at 8-9 days after disinsection.

The examples show that the proposed method of dealing with flies in livestock buildings expands the arsenal of tools for disinsection of objects of veterinary and sanitary inspection, comparable in efficiency to existing methods, safer for staff and the environment by reducing the concentration of active substances. Thus, the problem is solved.

Sources of information taken into account:

1. Bakanova E.I. Modern preparative forms of insecto-acaricides and some aspects of their use // Des. a business. - 2004. - №4. - pp. 57-63;

2. Butorina S.V. Engineering Ecology and Environmental Management / S.V. Butorina, P.V. Vorobiev, A.P. Dmitrieva and others - M .. Logos, 2004 - 528 s;

3. Engashev S.V. Methods of dealing with blood-sucking insects in livestock buildings and pastures. Engashev S.V., Novak MD, Kolesnikov V.I., Lemekhov P.A. // Veterinary medicine. 2013. - №4. - p. 32-34;

4. Kostina M.N. Food bait as the safest method of controlling flies indoors // Disinfection Case. 2015. - T. 94. - №4. Pp. 52-60;

5. Kostina M.N. The main directions of improvement of disinfection measures at the present stage. // Des. business - 2003. - №1. - 51 s;

6. Roslavtseva S.A. The danger of the formation of resistance to insectoacaricides in carriers of pathogens of infectious diseases // Disinfection case. 2008. - №2. - pp. 52-56;

7. Roslavtseva S.A. Modern insectoacaricides / S.А. Roslavtsev // Agrochemistry. - 2008. - №10. - pp. 82-86;

8. SanPiN 3.5.2.1376-03;

9. Sokolyanskaya M.P. Esterase mechanisms of resistance of the housefly in Musca Domestica to insecticides of different chemical classes / MP Sokolyanskaya, D.V. Amirkhanov // Agrochemistry. - 2008. - №7. - pp. 56-61;

10. Abbas N., AH Shad S., Ismail M. Resistance to Conventional and New Insecticides in House Flies (Diptera: Muscidae) From Poultry Facilities in Punjab, Pakistan. Journal of Economic Entomology. 2015. Vol. 108 (2). P. 826-833;

11. Khan HA, AH Shad S., Akram W. Toxic Baits: A Laboratory Evaluation // PLoS One. 2013. Vol. 9: e77225;

12. Scott JG, Leichter CA, Rinkevich FD, Rinkevihc FD, Harris SA, Su C, Aberegg LC, Moon R, Geden CJ, Gerry AC et al., 2013. Resistance levels and frequency of pyrethroid resistance alleles. Pestic Biochem Physiol. 107 (3): 377-84.

Claims (3)

The method of controlling flies in livestock buildings, including the use of a composition made in the form of a granular powder as an insecticidal composition, containing the active ingredients ivermectin and fipronil, attractants - genital tricozenes and edible sucrose or glucose and thickener - modified potato starch with cold swelling with the following ratio of components, wt.%: ivermectin                                                             0.06 fipronil                                                           0.015 trikozen                                                             0.15 modified potato starch 18.0 sucrose or glucose                                 81,775, at the same time for the treatment of premises the insecticidal composition is mixed with cold water in a ratio of 1: 3 until it thickens and is applied in places where flies accumulate at the rate of 250 ml of the prepared mixture per 1 m ^{2 with a} brush or roller on the surface of the room or on substrates.