RU2540553C1 - Method of controlling flies in livestock buildings - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of disinfestation of livestock buildings. The method of controlling flies comprises processing of livestock buildings with insecticidal composition. The composition as the active substance comprises fipronil or ivermectin or chlorfenapyr. Sucrose or glucose is used as the food attractant. Tricosene is used as pheromone. The modified potato starch of cold swelling is used as thickener. For processing the buildings, the insecticidal composition is mixed with cold water in a ratio of 1:3 for thickening. The composition is applied in swarm places of flies based on 200 ml of ready mixture per 1 m². The composition is applied by brush or roller on the surface of the building or on the substrate. The invention provides a long lasting, irreversible insecticidal effect. The chemical load on livestock buildings is reduced. No special equipment for processing is required.

EFFECT: easy disposal of residues of the insecticide in use of the substrates is provided.

4 cl, 2 tbl, 3 ex, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of disinfection of livestock buildings and can be used in the field of veterinary medicine and livestock.

Currently, chemical methods are mainly used to combat bestial flies, such as spraying the hairline of animals, the places where these insects live inside and outside livestock buildings (windows, doorways, walls in the corners of the room, etc.), as well as the method of watering places brood of bestial flies with insecticide solutions and emulsions [1; 2; 3; RF patent No. 2464782, 2011; RF patent No. 2475024, 2011]. At the same time, there is no effective control and planned system for the use of insecticides, the real danger is underestimated, which ultimately leads to chemical pollution of the environment and the emergence of a serious environmental problem of animal husbandry. To solve this problem while protecting animals from bestial flies, it is necessary to conduct research to find alternative methods and means. Of chemical insecticides, drugs based on new active substances, such as neonicotinoids (thiamethoxam, imidacloprid, acetamipride) and phenylpyrazoles (fipronil), which appeared on the domestic market relatively recently [4], are widely used, the active substance chlorfenapir is widely used.

Enough insecticide and acaricidal agents based on phenylpyrazoles or neonicotinoids are known (RF patent No. 2348398, 2007, RF patent No. 2329797, 2007; RF patent No. 2321979, 2007, RF patent No. 2384065), which are used by spraying or aerosol spraying . A significant drawback of this method, given the scale of treatments for disinfection of livestock buildings, which usually have large areas: the need to protect the respiratory tract of the operator from the sprayed means, the availability of special equipment for the implementation.

An alternative to the described method is the use of insecticidal baits on substrates or bait stations. Interest in baits as a preparative form has risen sharply since 1996 and remains at a high level at present [5]. The development of bait stations and increasing the efficiency of their use is one of the main directions in improving pest control measures [6]. Such formulations of insecticides provide an almost complete absence of contact with animals and the environment and enable the disposal of insecticide residues.

The aim of the present invention is to increase the efficiency and safety for personnel of measures for the disinfestation of objects of veterinary sanitary inspection and expanding the range of means for its implementation.

This goal is achieved by the use of insecticidal compositions made in the form of a powder, which contain either fipronil, or ivermectin, or chlorfenapir as the active substance, sucrose or glucose as a food attractant, tricosen as a sexual attractant, and modified cold potato starch swelling.

A method of controlling flies in livestock buildings is that as an insecticidal composition, a composition made in the form of a powder containing one active substance (preferably fipronil, ivermectin or chlorfenapir), sex (tricosen) and food (sucrose or glucose) attractants and a thickener is used (modified potato starch cold swelling). For room treatment, the insecticidal composition is mixed with cold water in a ratio of 1: 3 until thickened and applied in places where flies accumulate at the rate of 200 ml of the finished mixture per 1 m ^{2 with a} brush or roller on the surface of the room or on substrates.

The invention provides a long-lasting, irreversible insecticidal effect, and also reduces the chemical load on livestock buildings, does not require special equipment for processing, allows easy disposal of insecticide residues when using substrates. Due to the modified starch included in insecticidal compositions, when the latter are mixed with cold water, a dense mass is formed that can be conveniently applied to substrates or other surfaces.

Fipronil is an insecticide from the group of phenylpyrazoles of contact and intestinal action with a long-lasting effect. The substance is registered on the territory of the Russian Federation.

Chlorfenapir - an insecticide from the group of pyrrole derivatives, is a pro-insecticide. It has a contact and intestinal effect, is used to protect plants, and is effective against insects with a sucking and gnawing mouth apparatus.

Ivermectin is a semi-synthetic macrocyclic lactone obtained from soil actinomycete Streptomyces avermictilis. effective against invertebrates, including insects. Registered in the Russian Federation.

Modified starches (potato, corn) of cold swelling are able to thicken in cold water, due to which they are widely used in the food industry as thickeners, stabilizers, texturizers.

Thus, all the basic components for the manufacture of insecticidal compositions are available.

The invention is carried out by the following examples.

Example 1. Preparation of insecticidal compositions

The required amount of one of the active substances (chlorfenapyr, fipronil, ivermectin) is weighed and, with constant stirring (for example, using a magnetic stirrer), dissolved in acetone or isopropyl alcohol, which is taken in an amount equal to the amount of sucrose. Then, the calculated volumes of the sexual attractant of tricosen, food attractant (sucrose or glucose), thickener (modified starch) and the active substance dissolved in acetone or isopropyl alcohol are combined, while continuing to mix. The prepared mixture is dried, periodically mixing, and packaged in plastic containers of 100 or 300 g. The components and their ratios are presented in table 1.

Table 1 Components of Insecticidal Compounds No. p / p Component Amount, wt.% Fipronil composition one Fipronil 0.15 2 Tricosen 0.15 3 Modified Cold Swelling Potato Starch eighteen four Sucrose or glucose 81.7 Composition based on chlorfenapir one Chlorfenapyr 6 2 Tricosen 0.15 3 Modified Cold Swelling Potato Starch eighteen four Sucrose or glucose 75.85 Composition based on ivermectin one Ivermectin 0.6 2 Tricosen 0.15 3 Modified Cold Swelling Potato Starch eighteen four Sucrose or glucose 81.25

Example 2. Insecticidal effectiveness of bait compositions in the laboratory

In the laboratory, using the laboratory culture of the Musca domestica housefly, a test of the finished formulations was carried out with the working names “Mukhnet F” with a content of fipronil 0.15% (working solution 0.05% dv), “Mukhnet I” s the content of 0.6% of ivermectin (working solution 0.2% by AI) and "Mukhnet X" with the content of chlorfenapir 6% (working solution 2% by AI). The test was carried out in accordance with the method of evaluating the effectiveness of food insecticidal baits for controlling flies, as described in methodological guidelines MU 3.5.2.1759-03 "Methods for determining the effectiveness of insecticides, acaricides, development regulators and repellents used in medical disinfestation" (approved by the main state sanitary doctor of the Russian Federation 09/28/2003). The finished formulations were diluted with water in a ratio of 1: 3 (for example, 10 g of powder and 30 g of cold water) with constant stirring. The resulting thick mass was applied with a brush to glass test objects measuring 100 cm ² in an amount of 2 ml. After drying, the test objects were placed in a cage with flies, as an alternative to the cage, ordinary food (glucose mixed with milk powder) was placed. Accounting for insect death was carried out after 24 and 48 hours. It was found that bait compositions have insecticidal efficacy of at least 95% after 24-hour exposure and 100% after 48 hours (Table 2).

table 2 Insecticidal efficacy of ready-made baits against laboratory culture Musca domestica Lure composition The death of insects in% The number of insects in the experiments h / s 24 h h / s 48 h Flies F 0.15%) s.p. (working solution 0.05% ai) 95 one hundred 500 Flies And 0.6% sp (working solution 0.2% ai) one hundred one hundred 600 Flies X 6% sp (working solution 2% ai) 96.2 one hundred 600 Control (all components of the drug without AI, diluted with water 1: 3) 0 0 500

The effectiveness of the developed composition based on fipronil is compared with the existing bait “Agita 10% vg” based on thiamethoxam. It was revealed that in terms of attractiveness for flies and insecticidal effectiveness, the proposed composition is not inferior to the mentioned bait “Agita 10% of this year” (Fig. 1).

(Note. The Agita 10% VG preparation was prepared in accordance with the instructions for use, the working solution for application on the test object contained 5% AI and caused 100% mortality of the flies. The working solution of the developed composition for application on the test object contained 0.05% ai and caused 95% death of flies.)

Example 3. Evaluation of the effectiveness of insecticidal bait compounds in the conditions of production

In the conditions of livestock buildings for controlling flies, working solutions of bait compounds “Mukhnet I” were tested in a pigsty, “Mukhnet X” in a calf, “Mukhnet F” in a barn. These compositions were mixed with water in a ratio of 1: 3 and applied to substrates at a rate of 200 ml per 1 m ² , which were placed in places where flies accumulated (on windows, doorways, in corners of rooms, heat sources - water heaters, fodder kitchens, etc. ) At the same time, the content of active substances in the finished solutions was: 0.2% (“Fly I”), 2% (“Fly X”) and 0.05% (“Fly F”). Prior to disinfestation and after 24 hours, the number of insects was counted by catching on sticky sheets 10 × 50 cm in size, which were located at 8 accounting points around the perimeter of the room. Before processing, in the pigsty there were up to 4.5 thousand insects / m ^{2 of the} registration sheet, after processing by the proposed method, their number decreased to 0.55 thousand individuals / m ² . In the calf before disinfestation, there were up to 3.6 thousand flies per 1 m of flies, and on the next day after treatment, their number decreased to 0.3 thousand individuals / m ² . Before the application of the composition “Mukhnet F”, there were 3.2 thousand flies / m ² in the barn, a day later the number of insects was 0.2 thousand individuals / m ² . Thus, the effectiveness of processing rooms against flies of the proposed method using insecticidal compositions "Mukhnet I", "Mukhnet X" and "Mukhnet F" in the first day amounted to 88%, 91.7% and 93.75%, respectively. The restoration of the number of flies to the initial level was noted on 8-9 days after disinfestation.

The above examples demonstrate that the inventive method of controlling flies in livestock buildings expands the arsenal of means for disinsection of objects of veterinary and sanitary surveillance, comparable in efficiency with existing methods, safer for staff. Thus, the task is solved.

Information sources

1. Guidelines for the use of "Delcida" against ectoparasites of animals (in the order of production tests in 2003-2004). - Tyumen, 2003 .-- 6 p.

2. Guidelines for the use of insecticidal "Breeze". - M., 2002 .-- 41 p.

3. Engashev S.V., Novak M.D., Koesnikov V.I., Lemekhov P.A. Methods of combating blood-sucking insects in livestock buildings and on pastures // Veterinary medicine. - 2013. - No. 4. - S. 32-34.

4. Roslavtseva S.A. Modern insectoacaricides / S.A. Roslavtseva // Agricultural chemistry. - 2008. - No. 10. - S. 82-86.

5. Bakanova E.I. Modern preparative forms of insectoacaricides and some aspects of their use / E.I. Bakanova // Des. a business. - 2004. - No. 4. - S. 57-63.

6. Kostina M.N. The main directions of improving pest control at the present stage / M.N. Kostina // Des. a business. - 2003. - No. 1. - S.50-59.

7. RF patent No. 2464782, priority March 21, 2011, published October 27, 2012.

8. RF patent No. 2475024, priority January 12, 2011, published February 20, 2013.

9. RF patent No. 2348398, priority June 15, 2007, published March 10, 2009.

10. RF patent №2329797, priority 02/09/2007, published July 27, 2008.

11. RF patent №2329796, priority 09.02.2007, published 07.27.2008.

12. RF patent No. 2384065, priority December 10, 2007, published March 20, 2010.

Claims (4)

1. A method of controlling flies in livestock buildings, comprising treating the livestock buildings with an insecticidal composition, characterized in that a composition made in the form of a powder containing one active substance, preferably fipronil, ivermectin or chlorfenapyr, sexual - tricosen and food - is used as an insecticidal composition sucrose or glucose - attractants and thickener - modified potato starch of cold swelling, while for processing rooms the insecticidal composition is mixed with cold with water in a ratio of 1: 3 to thicken and put in places where flies accumulate at the rate of 200 ml of the finished mixture per 1 m ^{2 with a} brush or roller on the surface of the room or on the substrate. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that as an insecticidal composition, a composition containing fipronil, tricosen, sucrose or glucose, modified cold swelling potato starch is used in the following ratio of components, wt.%:
fipronil 0.15 tricosen 0.15 modified potato starch eighteen sucrose or glucose 81.7 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that as an insecticidal composition use a composition containing ivermectin, tricosen, sucrose or glucose, modified potato starch with cold swelling in the following ratio, wt.%:
ivermectin 0.6 tricosen 0.15 modified potato starch eighteen sucrose or glucose 81.25 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that as an insecticidal composition use a composition containing chlorfenapyr, tricosen, sucrose or glucose, modified potato starch with cold swelling in the following ratio, wt.%:
chlorfenapyr 6 tricosen 0.15 modified potato starch eighteen sucrose or glucose 75.85

Images