RU2711383C1 - Method for limiting number of flies in livestock and poultry premises - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: livestock farming.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of disinsection of livestock premises and can be used in veterinary science, livestock farming and poultry farming. Method involves treatment of livestock and poultry premises with an insecticide composition. Composition contains a combination of active substances fipronil and chlorfenapyr. As a food attractant, sucrose or glucose is used. As a pheromone, Tricosene is used. As a thickener, cold swelling modified potato starch is used. For treatment of premises, the insecticide composition is mixed with cold water at ratio of 1:3 until thickening and applied in places of flies accumulation at rate of 250 ml of the ready mixture per 1 mbrush or roller on surface of room or on substrates. Invention provides prolonged, irreversible insecticidal effect, and also allows reducing chemical load on livestock and poultry premises, no special equipment required for treatment.EFFECT: easier disposal of insecticide residues when using substrates.1 cl, 2 tbl, 3 ex

Description

The invention relates to the field of disinsection of objects of veterinary and sanitary surveillance, primarily livestock and poultry facilities, and can be used in the field of veterinary medicine, livestock and poultry farming.

Pest control is one of the mandatory veterinary measures to ensure the proper veterinary and sanitary condition, including livestock and poultry facilities. According to sanitary and epidemiological requirements, when conducting pest control activities, organizations must comply with the rules for their implementation [10]. The most effective protective and fighter measures against insects are methods of controlling the use of chemical agents, the choice of which is quite large today [6, 3]. For the disinfestation of premises, the use of insecticides by the methods of irrigation, irrigation, and spraying is widespread. The death of insects occurs as a result of contact with treated surfaces. This method of controlling insects has several disadvantages. Firstly, there is a danger of the formation of stable insect populations [7]. So, domestic and foreign researchers note a high, rather rapidly developing resistance to chemical agents in house flies [11, 14, 12]. Secondly, negative environmental consequences of using contact insecticides are possible, for example, accumulation of insecticide residues and their metabolites in the soil, effects on non-target living organisms, reduction of biodiversity, death of wild animals and livestock (as a result of accidental poisoning), water pollution and other [2]. Thirdly, special spraying equipment and protection of the respiratory tract of the operator from the sprayed means are necessary. Thus, research on the search for alternative ways and means of combating ectoparasites is relevant.

Of chemical insecticides, preparations based on pyrethroids, neonicotinoids (thiamethoxam, imidacloprid, acetamipride) [8] are widely used and are introduced on the basis of pyrazoles (fipronil) [6], pyrolls (chlorfenapir) [4]. When choosing chemical means of pest control, preference is now given to safer products, for example, in the form of baits - insecticides with intestinal action on insects [1, 5, 13, 9]. Such funds contain the active substance, as well as attracting substances (food and sexual attractants) and fillers.

Known insecticides based on fipronil, which are used in veterinary medicine only for the treatment and prevention of arachnoentomiasis in animals: RF patent No. 2585384, RF patent No. 2437668, RF patent No. 2558074, RF patent No. 2557986, patent No. 2557986, and also for processing their habitats: RF patent №2283590, RF patent №2329796, RF patent №2329797, RF patent №2348398, additionally has anthelmintic action RF patent №2452180.

Patents containing fipronil against insects, including flies, are patented: RF patent No. 2340181, RF patent No. 2384065, RF patent No. 2464782, RF patent No. 2475024, RF patent No. 2574887. The disadvantage of these methods is the direct application to animals, either inside or on the walls of premises, with possible poisoning of animals and environmental pollution, and the difference is that they are made in the form of a liquid formulation, which requires special conditions of storage, transportation and preparation .

In another invention, the authors list examples of pests that can be combated with the “composition” of a carboxamyl compound and fipronil (RF patent No. 2562669), also known: a composition from the group of anthranilic acid and fipronil amides (RF patent No. 2395963), a pyridine composition the compound or its salt with another pesticide, for example fipronil (RF patent No. 2264099), a composition of technical sulfur and fipronil (RF patent No. 2546887), but the concentration of substances and data on experimental efficacy are not given. Musca domestica.

Another close analogue in the form of a granular bait against houseflies (Musca domestica), RF patent No. 2370035, includes imidacloprid, thiamethoxam and fipronil in an amount of from 0.01 to 5%. The disadvantage of this method is that in the granules there is no substance to give a viscous consistency and this leads to loss of funds when applied to the surface, including vertical ones, and as a result to environmental unsafe.

The next close analogue is a method of controlling flies using a bait tool against house flies (Musca domestica), containing 0.015 wt. % fipronil (RF patent No. 2646044). The disadvantage of this method is that it uses a concentration of fipronil 10 times higher compared with the proposed invention.

Also close analogues of the alleged invention are methods of dealing with house flies (Musca domestica) using a bait tool containing 0.15 wt. % fipronil (RF patent No. 2540553). The disadvantage of this method is that the concentration of fipronil is 100 times higher compared with the proposed invention. Known RF patent No. 2540553 a method of combating house flies using bait means containing 6 wt. % chlorfenapira. The disadvantage of this method is that the concentrations of chlorfenapir are used 100 times higher compared with the proposed invention.

The aim of the present invention is to increase the effectiveness of the disinsection of objects of veterinary and sanitary surveillance against flies (Musca domestica) and expanding the range of products for its implementation, as well. improving the safety of pest control measures for staff and the environment.

This goal is achieved by using an insecticidal composition made in the form of a powder, which contains two active ingredients fipronil and chlorfenapyr, as sucrose or glucose as a food attractant, tricosen as a sexual attractant, and modified cold swelling potato starch as a thickener.

The way to deal with flies in livestock buildings is to use a powder composition made up of the active ingredients fipronil and chlorfenapyr, sexual (tricosen) and food (sucrose or glucose) attractants and a thickener (modified cold potato starch) as an insecticidal composition swelling) in the following ratio of components, wt. %:

fipronil - 0.0015,

chlorfenapyr - 0.06,

tricosen - 0.15,

modified potato starch - 18,

sucrose or glucose - 81.8.

For room treatment, the insecticidal composition is mixed with cold water in a ratio of 1: 3 until thickened and applied in places where flies accumulate at the rate of 250 ml of the finished mixture per 1 m ^{2 with a} brush or roller on the surface of the room or on substrates.

The invention provides a long-lasting, irreversible insecticidal effect / including in relation to a resistant population of flies to one of the active substances - fipronil or chlorfenapir, while the combination of active substances fipronil and chlorfenapir in this composition gives synergism and thereby reduces the concentration of fipronil and chlorfenapri in 100 times compared with monocomponent compositions. The proposed method allows to reduce the chemical load on livestock and poultry premises due to the possibility of using on substrates and a significant reduction in the concentration of active substances, increases safety for personnel performing insecticidal treatment, does not require special equipment for work, makes it easy to utilize insecticide residues when using substrates . Thanks to the modified starch, which is part of the insecticidal composition, when mixed with cold water, a dense mass is formed, which is convenient to apply to substrates or other surfaces and not cause loss of the drug.

Fipronil is a chemical active ingredient of pesticides from the phenylpyrazole group, used in agricultural and personal homestead households, in animals to combat harmful insects and ticks. Fipronil blocks GABA-controlling chlorine ion channels in the membranes of nerve cells of GABA-receptors. Registered in the Russian Federation.

Chlorfenapyr - refers to a new group of insecticides - pyrrole derivatives. This insecticide has a contact and intestinal effect. It is used in plant protection, effective against insects with a sucking and gnawing mouth apparatus. Chlorfenapyr is a pro-insecticide, which in the body of insects turns into a toxin, disrupting the function of mitochondria in the process of oxidative phosphoridation. Registered in the Russian Federation.

Modified starches (potato, corn) of cold swelling are able to thicken in cold water, due to which they are widely used in the food industry as thickeners, stabilizers, texturizers.

Thus, all the basic components for the manufacture of insecticidal compositions are available.

The invention is carried out by the following examples.

Example 1. Preparation of an insecticidal composition.

The required amount of active ingredients (fipronil and chlorfenapyr) is weighed and, with constant stirring (for example, using a magnetic stirrer), dissolved in acetone or isopropyl alcohol, which is taken in an amount equal to the amount of sucrose. Then, the calculated volumes of the sexual attractant of tricosen, food attractant (sucrose or glucose), thickener (modified starch) and the active substances dissolved in acetone or isopropyl alcohol are combined, while continuing to mix. The prepared mixture is dried, periodically mixing, and packaged in plastic containers of 50, 100, 150 or 300 g. The components and their ratios are presented in table 1.

Example 2. Comparative insecticidal effectiveness of bait compositions in laboratory conditions.

In the laboratory, using the laboratory culture of the Musca domestica housefly, a finished formulation of the developed formulation was tested with the working name “Mukhnet FH” containing 0.0015% fipronil and 0.06% chlorfenapir (working solution 0.0005% and 0.02 % by AEC, respectively), in comparison with the bait compositions “Mukhnet F” with a content of 0.15% fipronil (working solution 0.05% by a.a.) and “Mukhnet X” with a chlorofenapir content of 6% (working a solution of 2% in AI). The test was carried out by evaluating the effectiveness of food insecticidal baits for controlling flies as described in the manual “Methods of laboratory research and testing of disinfectants to assess their effectiveness and safety. Guideline P 4.2.2643-10. ”. The finished formulations were diluted with water in a ratio of 1: 3 (for example, 10 g of powder and 30 g of cold water) with constant stirring. The resulting thick mass was applied with a brush to glass test objects measuring 100 cm ² in an amount of 2.5 ml. After drying, test objects were placed in a cage with flies, as an alternative to the cage, ordinary food was placed (glucose mixed with milk powder). Accounting for insect death was carried out after 24 and 48 hours. It was found that bait compositions have insecticidal efficacy of at least 95 ± 0.3% after 24-hour exposure and 100% after 48 hours (Table 2).

When comparing the effectiveness of working solutions of a bait composition based on two active substances, Mukhnet FK with a content of 0.0005% fipronil and 0.02% chlorfenapir, and solutions with bait compositions Mukhnet F with a content of one active substance fipronil at a concentration of 0.05% and "Fly X" with the content of one AI chlorofenapira at a concentration of 2%, it was found that the combination of the active substances fipronil and chlorpheanpir in the developed bait composition “Muhnet FH” provides a 100% insecticidal effect when the concentration of active components is 100 times (for fipronil and chlorfenapri) lower than in the case of monocomponent preparations.

Example 3. Evaluation of the effectiveness of the insecticidal bait composition "Flies FH" in the conditions of production in comparison with "Flies F" and "Flies X".

The compositions “Mukhnet FKh”, “Mukhnet F” and “Mukhnet X” were mixed with water in a ratio of 1: 3 and applied to substrates at the rate of 250 ml per 1 m ² , which were placed in the places where flies of livestock and poultry houses accumulated (on windows, doorways, in the corners of rooms, heat sources - water heaters, fodder kitchens, etc.). The content of active substances in the finished solutions was: 0.0005% and 0.02% (Mukhnet FK), 0.05% (Mukhnet F), 2% (Mukhnet X). Prior to disinfestation and after 24 hours, the number of insects was counted by trapping on sticky sheets 10 × 50 cm in size, which were located at 8 accounting points around the perimeter of the room.

In the barn No. 1 of the dairy farm before the application of Mukhnet F, there were 3.2 thousand individuals / m ² , after 24 hours the number of insects was 0.2 thousand individuals / m ² . Thus, the effectiveness of processing the premises against flies using the insecticidal bait "Mukhnet F", in the first day amounted to 93.75%, the restoration of the number of flies to the original level was noted on 8-9 days after disinfestation.

Before disinfestation with the composition “Mukhnet X”, there were up to 3.6 thousand flies per 1 m ² in the calf, and on the next day after treatment, their numbers decreased to 0.3 thousand individuals per m ² , the processing efficiency was 91.7% . An increase in the number of insects after applying the bait composition "Flies X" to 30% of the initial amount occurred within 4-5 days. The restoration of the number of flies to the initial level was noted on the 7-8th day after disinfestation.

The test composition "Flies FH" was carried out in the house for breeding poultry chickens. Before processing with the developed composition, there were up to 38 thousand insects / m ^{2 of the} registration sheet, after processing with the proposed method, their number decreased to 1.1 thousand individuals / m ² , the processing efficiency was 97.1%. An increase in the number of insects after applying the bait composition "Flies FH" to 30% of the initial amount occurred within 7-8 days. The restoration of the number of flies to the initial level in the room was noted on 13-14 days after disinfestation.

The above examples demonstrate that the claimed method of controlling flies in livestock buildings expands the arsenal of means for disinfection of objects of veterinary and sanitary surveillance, is comparable in efficiency with existing methods, safer for personnel and the environment by reducing the concentration of active substances. Thus, the task is solved.

Sources of information taken into account:

1. Bakanova E.I. Modern formulations of insectoacaricides and some aspects of their use // Des. a business. - 2004. - No. 4. - S. 57-63;

2. Butorina S.V. Engineering, ecology and environmental management / S.V. Butorina, P.V. Vorobiev, A.P. Dmitrieva et al. - M. Logos, 2004 - 528 p .;

3. Engashev S.V. Methods of combating blood-sucking insects in livestock buildings and on pastures. Engashev S.V., Novak M.D., Kolesnikov V.I., Lemekhov P.A. // Veterinary medicine. 2013. - No. 4. - S. 32-34;

4. Eremin O.YU. Chlorfenapyr is a promising insecticide from the pyrrole group for controlling resistant synanthropic insects. Pest management. - No. 1. - 2017. - p. 41-49.

5. Kostina M.N. Food bait as the safest method of controlling flies indoors // Disinfection business. 2015. - T. 94. - No. 4. S. 52-60;

6. Kostina M.N. The main directions of improving pest control measures at the present stage. // Des. business - 2003. - No. 1. - 51 s;

7. Roslavtseva S.A. The danger of the formation of resistance to insectoacaricides in vectors of infectious diseases pathogens // Disinfection business. 2008. - No. 2. - S. 52-56;

8. Roslavtseva S.A. Modern insectoacaricides / S.A. Roslavtseva // Agricultural chemistry. - 2008. - No. 10. - S. 82-86;

9. R 3.5.2.2487-09 Guidelines for medical pest control;

10. SanPiN 3.5.2.3472-17;

11. Sokolyanskaya M.P. Esterase mechanisms of resistance formation in a housefly (Musca Domestica) to insecticides of different chemical classes / M.P. Sokolyanskaya, D.V. Amirkhanov // Agricultural chemistry. - 2008. - No. 7. - S. 56-61;

12. Abbas N., Ali. Shad S., Ismail M. Resistance to Conventional and New Insecticides in House Flies (Diptera: Muscidae) From Poultry Facilities in Punjab, Pakistan. Journal of Economic Entomology. 2015. Vol. 108 (2). P. 826-833;

13. Khan HA, Ali Shad S., Akram W. Combination of Phagostimulant and Visual Lure as an Effective Tool in Designing House Fly Toxic Baits: A Laboratory Evaluation // PLoS One. 2013. Vol. 9: e77225;

14. Scott JG, Leichter CA, Rinkevich FD, Rinkevihc FD, Harris SA, Su C, Aberegg LC, Moon R, Geden CJ, Gerry AC et al. . 2013. Insecticide resistance in house flies from the United States: resistance levels and frequency of pyrethroid resistance alleles. Pestic Biochem Physiol. 107 (3): 377-84.

Claims (7)

A method of controlling flies in livestock buildings, including the use of an insecticidal composition made in the form of loose powder containing active ingredients fipronil and chlorfenapyr, sexual - tricosen and food - sucrose or glucose - attractants and thickener - modified potato starch with cold swelling in the following ratio components, wt. %: fipronil - 0.0015; chlorfenapyr - 0.06; tricosen - 0.15; modified potato starch - 18; sucrose or glucose - 81.8, at the same time, for processing rooms, the insecticidal composition is mixed with cold water in a ratio of 1: 3 until thickened and applied in places where flies accumulate at the rate of 250 ml of the finished mixture per 1 m ^{2 with a} brush or roller on the surface of the room or on substrates.