RU2628936C1 - Method for fighting flies - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: method includes treating the livestock premises with an insecticidal composition. The composition contains a combination of active ingredients, a food attractant, a sexual attractant, and a thickener. Acetamiprid and ivermectin are used as the active ingredients. Sucrose or glucose is used as the food attractant. Tricosen is used as the sexual attractant. Modified potato starch of cold swelling is used as the thickening agent. The composition is mixed with cold water at the ratio of 1:3 to thickening. The composition is applied in the places of flies accumulation at the rate of 250 ml of the finished mixture per 1m². The application on surfaces or substrates is carried out with a brush or a roller. An irreversible insecticidal effect is achieved.

EFFECT: chemical load on livestock premises is reduced due to reducing the concentration of active substances, ease of premise treatment and ease of disposal of insecticide residues.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of disinfection of livestock buildings and can be used in the field of veterinary medicine and livestock.

Caused economic damage to agriculture by harmful parasitic insects (1, 2, 3) encourages specialists to fight them. The leading method of combating harmful insects is the use of chemicals both on the surface of the body of animals and in livestock buildings (4). For the destruction of bestial flies, such methods as spraying the hairline of animals, the places where these insects stay inside and outside livestock buildings (windows, doorways, walls in the corners of the room, etc.), as well as the method of watering their places with insecticide solutions and emulsions, are mainly used. (5, 6, 7, RF patent No. 2464782, 2011; RF patent No. 2475024, 2011). At the same time, there is no effective control and planned system for the use of insecticides, the real danger is underestimated, which ultimately leads to chemical pollution of the environment and the emergence of a serious environmental problem in animal husbandry (8, 9).

To solve this problem while protecting animals from bestial flies, it is necessary to conduct research to find alternative ways and means of combating ectoparasites. Of chemical insecticides, drugs based on relatively new active substances are widely used, such as neonicotinoids (thiamethoxam, imidacloprid, acetamipride) (10) and macrocyclic lactones (ivermectin).

To avoid the negative consequences of the use of contact insecticides, preference is currently given to the use of means in the form of baits - insecticides of intestinal action on insects (11). However, long-term use of the same insecticides leads to the development of insect resistance to drugs (12, 13, 14), and the presence on the veterinary market of bait for controlling flies is limited from the point of view of their active ingredients.

Enough insecticide-acaricidal agents based on acetamipride are known (RF patent No. 2159039, 2000, RF patent No. 2490894 RF patent No. 2546887, 2015), which are used by spraying and dusting in crop production. Ivermectin-based baits are used against bestial flies (RF patent No. 2540553, 2015), the disadvantage of this method is that the concentration of ivermectin is 10 times higher.

The aim of the present invention is to increase the efficiency of disinsection of objects of veterinary and sanitary supervision and expanding the range of means for its implementation, as well as improving the safety of disinsection measures for the staff and the environment.

The goal is achieved by using an insecticidal composition made in the form of a powder, which contains two active substances, acetamipride and ivermectin, sucrose or glucose as a food attractant, tricosen as a sexual attractant, and modified cold swelling potato starch as a thickener.

A method of controlling flies in livestock buildings is that a composition made in the form of a powder containing the active substances acetamiprid and ivermectin, sex (tricosen) and food (sucrose or glucose) attractants and a thickener (modified cold swelling potato starch) is used as an insecticidal composition ) in the following ratio of components, wt. %:

acetamipride 0.15 ivermectin 0.06 tricosen 0.15 modified potato starch eighteen sucrose or glucose 81.64

For room treatment, the insecticidal composition is mixed with cold water in a ratio of 1: 3 until thickened and applied in places where flies accumulate at the rate of 250 ml of the finished mixture per 1 m ^{2 with a} brush or roller on the surface of the room or on substrates.

The invention provides a long-lasting, irreversible insecticidal effect, including in relation to a resistant population of flies to one of the active ingredients - acetamiprid or ivermectin, while the combination of active ingredients of acetamipride and ivermectin in this composition reduces their concentration by 10 times compared with monocomponent compositions. The proposed method also allows to reduce the chemical load on livestock buildings due to the possibility of using on substrates and reducing the concentration of active substances, increases the safety of personnel performing insecticidal treatment, does not require special equipment for work, and makes it easy to utilize insecticide residues when using substrates. Due to the modified starch included in insecticidal compositions, when the latter are mixed with cold water, a dense mass is formed that can be conveniently applied to substrates or other surfaces.

Acetamipride is a chemical active ingredient of pesticides from the group of neonicotinoids, used in agricultural and personal household plots to combat harmful insects. Registered in the Russian Federation.

Ivermectin is a semi-synthetic macrocyclic lactone obtained from soil actinomycete Streptomyces avermictilis. effective against invertebrates, including insects. Registered in the Russian Federation.

Modified starches (potato, corn) of cold swelling are able to thicken in cold water, due to which they are widely used in the food industry as thickeners, stabilizers, texturizers.

Thus, all the basic components for the manufacture of insecticidal compositions are available.

The invention is carried out by the following examples.

Example 1. Preparation of an insecticidal composition

The required amount of active ingredients (acetamipride and ivermectin) is weighed and, with constant stirring (for example, using a magnetic stirrer), dissolved in acetone or isopropyl alcohol, which is taken in an amount equal to the amount of sucrose. Then, the calculated volumes of the sexual attractant of tricosen, food attractant (sucrose or glucose), thickener (modified starch) and the active substances dissolved in acetone or isopropyl alcohol are combined, while continuing to mix. The prepared mixture is dried, periodically mixing, and packaged in plastic containers of 50, 100, 150 or 300 g. The components and their ratios are presented in table 1.

Example 2. Comparative insecticidal effectiveness of bait compositions in the laboratory

In the laboratory, using the laboratory culture of the Musca domestica housefly, a finished formulation of the developed formulation was tested with the working name “Mukhnet AI” containing 0.15% acetamiprid and 0.06% ivermectin (working solution 0.05% and 0.02 % by AE respectively), in comparison with the bait compositions “Mukhnet A” with a content of 1.5% acetamipride (working solution 0.5% by a.a.) and “Mukhnet I” with a content of ivermectin 0.6% (working solution 0.2%) by AI). The test was carried out by evaluating the effectiveness of food insecticidal baits for controlling flies as described in methodological guidelines MU 3.5.2.1759-03 "Methods for determining the effectiveness of insecticides, acaricides, development regulators and repellents used in medical disinfestation" (approved by the chief state sanitary doctor of the Russian Federation on 28.09 .2003). The finished formulations were diluted with water in a ratio of 1: 3 (for example, 10 g of powder and 30 g of cold water) with constant stirring. The resulting thick mass was applied with a brush to glass test objects measuring 100 cm in the amount of 2.5 ml. After drying, the test objects were placed in a cage with flies, as an alternative to the cage, ordinary food (glucose mixed with milk powder) was placed. Accounting for insect death was carried out after 24 and 48 hours. It was found that bait compositions have insecticidal efficacy of at least 96.2% after 24-hour exposure and 100% after 48 hours (Table 2).

When comparing the effectiveness of working solutions of a bait composition based on two active substances, Mukhnet AI with an acetamipride content of 0.05% and ivermectin 0.02%, respectively, with bait compositions Mukhnet A with an acetamipride content of 0.5% and Mukhnet I with a 0.2% ivermectin content, it was found that the combination of the active substances of acetamiprid and ivermectin in the developed bait composition “Mukhnet AI” provides a 100% insecticidal effect at a concentration of active components 10 times (for acetamipride and ivermectin) times lower Alignment with monokomponentymi drugs.

Example 3. Evaluation of the effectiveness of the insecticidal bait composition "Flies AI" in the conditions of production in comparison with "Flies A" and "Flies And"

In the conditions of livestock buildings for fighting flies, working solutions of bait compounds “Mukhnet AI” were tested - in the calf-dispensary of the dairy farm No. 1, “Mukhnet A” - in the calf of the dairy farm No. 2, “Mukhnet I” - in to the barn of dairy farm No. 2. These compositions were mixed with water in a ratio of 1: 3 and applied to substrates at a rate of 250 ml per 1 m ² , which were placed in places where flies accumulated (on windows, doorways, in corners of rooms, at heat sources - water heaters, fodder kitchens, etc. .). The content of active substances in the finished solutions was: 0.05% acetamipride and 0.02% ivermectin (“Fly AI”), 0.5% acetamipride (“Fly A”) and 0.2% ivermectin (“Fly I” ) Prior to disinfestation and after 24 hours, the number of insects was counted by catching on sticky sheets 10 × 50 cm in size, which were located at 8 accounting points around the perimeter of the room. In the calf-dispensary of the dairy farm No. 1, before processing with the developed composition Mukhnet AI, there were up to 60 thousand insects / m ^{2 of the} registration sheet, after processing with the proposed method, their number decreased to 2.5 thousand individuals / m ² . Before the disinfestation “Mukhnet A”, the calf house of dairy farm No. 2 was up to 55 thousand flies per 1 m flies, and the next day after processing their number decreased to 1.9 thousand individuals / m ² , the processing efficiency was 96.4 % Before using the composition “Mukhnet I”, there were 40 thousand flies / m ² in the cowshed of the dairy farm No. ² ; in a day, the number of insects was 2.2 thousand individuals / m ^{2 the} processing efficiency was 94.5%. Thus, the effectiveness of processing rooms against flies of the proposed method using an insecticidal composition based on two active substances of acetamipride and ivermectin "Mukhnet AI" in the first day amounted to 95.8%. The restoration of the number of flies to the initial level at all three farms was noted on the 6-7th day after disinfestation.

The above examples demonstrate that the claimed method of controlling flies in livestock buildings expands the arsenal of means for disinfection of objects of veterinary and sanitary surveillance, is comparable in efficiency with existing methods, safer for personnel and the environment by reducing the concentration of active substances. Thus, the task is solved.

Information sources

1. Veselkin G.A. Fighting flies on dairy farms // Sat. scientific labor. Materials vet. arachnology and vet. sanitation. - Tyumen, 1969. - Issue. 1. - S. 185-189;

2. Nepoklonov A.A. The state and prospects of combating arthropod pests of farm animals in the USSR // Problems of Vet. sanitation. Tr. VNIIVS. - 1968. - T. 31. - S. 3-9;

3. Pavlov S.D. The economic effect of protecting animals from midges // Problems of Vet. sanitation. - Tyumen, 1962. - T. 20. - S. 172-178;

4. Ruzimuradov A. Organization of measures against bestial flies // Veterinary medicine. - 1978. - No. 1. - S. 34-36.

5. Guidelines for the use of "Delcida" against ectoparasites of animals (in the order of production tests in 2003-2004). - Tyumen, 2003 .-- 6 p.

6. Guidelines for the use of insecticidal "Breeze". - M., 2002 .-- 41 p.

7. Engashev S.V., Novak M.D., Koesnikov V.I., Lemekhov P.A. Methods of combating blood-sucking insects in livestock buildings and on pastures // Veterinary medicine. - 2013. - No. 4. - S. 32-34.

8. Butorina S.V. Ecological engineering and environmental management / S.V. Butorina, P.V. Vorobiev, A.P. Dmitrieva et al. - M .: Logos, 2004 - 528 s;

9. Ibragimkhalilova I.V. development of a method for assessing poisoned baits and comparing the contact and intestinal effects of insecticides on the example of the Musca domestica L. housefly / I.V. Ibragimkhalilova, O.Yu. Eremin // Agrochemistry. - 2007. No. 12. - S. 56-62.

10. Roslavtseva S.A. Modern insectoacaricides / S.A. Roslavtseva // Agricultural chemistry. - 2008. - No. 10. - S. 82-86.

11. Ibragimkhalilova I.V. Development of a method for assessing poisoned baits and comparing the contact and intestinal effects of insecticides on the example of Musca domestica L. housefly / I.V. Ibragimkhalilova, O.Yu. Eremin // Agrochemistry. - 2007. No. 12. - S. 56-62.

12. Roslavtseva S.A. New in the problem of arthropod resistance to insectoacaricides / S.A. Roslavtseva, L.N. Didenko // Agricultural chemistry. - 2007. - No. 7. - S. 88-91.

13. Roslavtseva S.A. The danger of the formation of resistance to insectoacaricides in carriers of infectious diseases pathogens // Desdelo. - 2008. - No. 2. - S. 52-56.

14. Sokolyanskaya M.P. Esterase mechanisms of resistance formation in a housefly (Musca Domestica) to insecticides of different chemical classes / M.P. Sokolyanskaya, D.V. Amirkhanov // Agricultural chemistry. - 2008. - No. 7. - S. 56-61.

15. RF patent No. 2464782, priority 01/12/2011, published 02/20/2013.

16. RF patent No. 2490894, priority 02.22.2005, published 08.28.2013.

17. RF patent No. 2464782, priority March 21, 2011, published October 27, 2012.

18. RF patent No. 2159039, priority 01/26/1996, published 10/20/2000.

19. RF patent No. 2546887, priority 01/28/2011, published 04/10/2015.

20. RF patent No. 2540553, priority 07/18/2013, published 02/10/2015.

Claims (3)

A method of controlling flies in livestock buildings, including the use of an insecticidal composition made in the form of a loose powder containing active ingredients - acetamiprid and ivermectin, a sexual attractant - tricosen, a food attractant - sucrose or glucose, and a thickener - modified potato starch with cold swelling, in the following the ratio of components, wt. %: acetamipride 0.15 ivermectin 0.06 tricosen 0.15 modified potato starch eighteen sucrose or glucose 81.64 at the same time, for processing rooms, the insecticidal composition is mixed with cold water in a ratio of 1: 3 until thickened and applied in places where flies accumulate at the rate of 250 ml of the finished mixture per 1 m ^{2 with a} brush or roller on the surface of the room or on substrates.