RU2671474C1 - Method of disposal of molybdenum-scheelite wastes - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: ecology.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of ecology, in particular to the utilization of industrial waste. Method for utilization of molybdenum-scheelite waste includes using them as fertilizers mixed with mineral and organic wastes. Molybdenum-scheelite waste in a mixture with wood waste – pine cones in a ratio of 1:1 is dissolved in an alcohol bard at the rate of 100–150 l/ha with an exposure of 8–12 hours followed by the addition of zeolite-containing dialbekulit clay in an amount of 1–1.5 t/ha.

EFFECT: increased yield of agricultural crops, reduced cost of expensive mineral fertilizers, increased soil fertility and activate soil microflora.

1 cl, 2 ex, 1 tbl

Description

The invention relates to the field of ecology, in particular, to the disposal of industrial waste and can find application when used as fertilizer in agricultural production.

A known method is when fertilizers are prepared from waste from the food industry with the addition of zeolites, phosphogypsum and cement production (patent No. 2444501, published March 10, 2012, IPC: C05F 5/00, C05D 11/00).

In the known method, the composition of the fertilizer includes a wide range of ingredients, which complicates the technical solution.

There is also known a method in which molybdenum-containing industrial wastes mixed with bird droppings are used as fertilizers (patent No. 2558208, 07.27.2015, IPC: A01G 31/00, B09B 3/00, C05F 3/02).

In the known technical solution, molybdenum-containing waste is used only for sowing peas, which limits the widespread use of waste for other crops.

A technical solution is known in which waste from the alcohol industry (distillery stillage) with the addition of quicklime is used (patent No. 2282605, published August 27, 2006, IPC: C06F 5/00, C05F 11/00, C05F 15/00).

Such a mixture is applied only on acidic soils, which limits the widespread use of the known technical solution.

The closest technical solution is a method in which Tereklit clay is added to molybdenum-containing waste, and corn cobs are introduced into the fertilizer as organic substances (patent No. 2535147, published December 10, 2014, IPC: C05F 3/00).

The disadvantage of the prototype method is that in most cases there are no corn cobs, and the Tereklit clay used in medicine does not provide widespread adoption, which complicates the method.

The technical result is a simplification of the method through the use of local recycled raw materials.

The technical result of the claimed object is that, in contrast to the prototype method, molybdensechelite waste in a mixture with wood waste - coniferous cones in a ratio of 1: 1 is dissolved in alcohol stillage at a rate of 100-150 l / ha with an exposure of 8-12 hours the subsequent addition of zeolite-containing clay Dialbekulit in an amount of 1-1.5 t / ha

The method is as follows.

The alcohol stillage waste of the alcohol industry contains (in% of dry weight): total nitrogen - 5.5; ammonia nitrogen - 0.2; total phosphorus - 2.7; total potassium - 1.4; sodium - 0.3; crude protein - 32.8; crude fat - 3.5; fiber - 20.0. In small amounts (0.1-0.001%), bard contains sodium, iron, calcium manganese, zinc). Bardic acidity (pH) is in the range of 4-5. Mixed with wood waste - cones of coniferous species, which can be collected in any park in unlimited quantities, dissolve in bard in 8-12 hours, and the acidity of the bard is reduced due to the neutral reaction of cones.

Spruce and pine cones used in the experiment contain lipids, tannins, multi-terpene carbohydrates, bioflavonoids, oleic acid, resins, carotenes, essential oils, tannins. Essential oils contain a-pinene and b-pinene more than 10%, many macro- and microelements, terpene compounds, biological active substances (iron, chromium, copper, volatile). In combination, these elements have antimicrobial effects, providing reliable protection of plants from diseases.

Molybdense chelite wastes contain molybdenum 3-4%, copper 30-35%, glands 12-13% and sulfur 15-16%.

Zeolite-containing clay - Dialbekulit (North Ossetian deposit in the floodplains of the Ursdon River - a tributary of the Terek River) contains (in%):

Due to the high calcium content, the reaction of the clay medium is alkaline (pH - 9.1). Clay Dialbekulite differs from other known zeolite-containing clays in a lighter specific gravity (1.4-1.45 g / cm ³ ), which leads to the formation of hydromica and is a feature of its mineralogical composition (the presence of a large amount). Dialbeculite contains a noticeable amount of water-soluble salts, approaching in this indicator to low-mineralized silt sulphide mud with high sorption properties. Therefore, in the composition of the proposed mixture, these clays retain the nutrient composition in the soil, retaining heat, microflora, possessing high heat capacity (coefficient - 0.34%) and low water loss (coefficient - 3.5%). The justification of the selected parameters is explained by the chemical composition of each ingredient (clay, spirit bard, cones and molybdensechelite waste) necessary for the full development of plants. In the reactions of nitrogen exchange of plants, molybdenum acts in conjunction with phosphorus, potassium, manganese, iron, sodium and other elements contained in the waste used in the proposed facility. Molybdenum itself, contained in the waste, is a stimulator of plant growth and development. Organic substances found in alcohol bard (fiber, protein, etc.) are essential nutrients for soil microflora. Such a complex mixture contains a number of micro and macro elements, which ensures the full development of sown plants and stimulation of soil microflora, as well as the activation of nitrogen-fixing bacteria on the roots of legumes. The mixed mixture with clay Dialbekulit provides a gradual, with prolonged action, plant nutrition.

The exposition of 8-12 hours is justified by the fact that during this period the mass of cones softens, and the waste containing molybdenum dissolves in the acid bard and, with subsequent clay mixing, provides a homogeneous mass for application to the soil.

Example 1. In 100 liters. alcohol bards (a waste of the alcohol industry) were dissolved in 10 kg of coniferous cones and 10 kg of molybdensechelite waste from the Pobedit plant (Vladikavkaz). After 8-10 hours, 1 ton of Dialbeculite clay was added to the resulting mixture. The resulting mixture was made under autumn tillage on an area of 1 hectare. Batko winter wheat was sown,

Example 2. Collected cones in the amount of 12 kg and industrial waste containing 12 kg of molybdenum were dissolved in 150 liters of distilled stillage and after 12 hours, this mixture was added 1.5 t / ha of dialbeculite clay, thoroughly mixing the whole mass. The resulting mixture was introduced in the spring into the soil under the leguminous crop of soybean variety Delta

The results of the experiments are summarized in table 1

The proposed method allows to utilize not only industrial waste, but also alcohol distillery waste - alcohol production waste, and wood waste - cones of coniferous species with a unique composition of disinfection and reduce the incidence of plants due to their medicinal properties. At the same time, at the same time get an increase in crop yields, reduce costs for expensive mineral fertilizers, increase soil fertility and activate the work of soil microflora.

Claims (1)

A method of disposing of molybdensechelite waste, including using it as fertilizer in a mixture with mineral and organic substances, characterized in that molybdensechelite waste in a mixture with wood waste - conifer cones in a ratio of 1: 1 is dissolved in alcohol bard at a rate of 100-150 l / ha with an exposure of 8-12 hours, followed by the addition of zeolite-containing clay Dialbekulit in an amount of 1-1.5 t / ha.