RU2668021C2 - Mobile mine-glider and method of its planting - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.SUBSTANCE: inventions relate to destructive agents of sea targets in distance protected areas and to methods of their implementation. Mobile mine glider (MMG) includes a glider transporter and a hold with a mine or mine modular circuit. Glider has a solar battery to recharge the current source, an optical sensor and an acoustic detector, a float armature for placing the mine on given gullet under the ice, attached to the mine, a gas producer that fills the float, reel unit with mooring cable and latchlock. To set MMG in the process of its movement along advisory route, recharge of its current source is made during daylight at shallow depth. Surrounding space is controlled with an optical sensor and an acoustic detector. Wander away from located objects. Mine is put on a given gullet under the ice with the help of a float anchor. They initiate a command to the gas producer, fill with gas the float attached to the mine, ensure their positive total swimmability, remove the latchlock and ensure surfacing of float and pay-out of the mooring cable to length corresponding to the given mine deepening. Reel unit is fixed with the latchlock, the surfacing float is used as an anchor, and the glider is taken to the given disposal and flooded.EFFECT: hide and distant mines laying is achieved, and it is also possible to lay mines on a given gullet under the ice.2 cl, 2 tbl

Description

1. Self-transporting mine glider

The described invention relates to means of destruction of marine targets in remote protected areas.

Self-transporting mines SLMM (Submarine-Launched Mobile Mine) - boat self-propelled mine [1] are known.

Self-transporting mines (STMs) are most used when setting active minefields in areas controlled by enemy forces, near approaches to ports and naval bases, as well as in narrow places. They find application in the creation of defensive minefields.

The use of STMs capable of autonomous transportation over long distances to the programmed area allows the installation of active minefields (MH) with observance of stealth measures, which increases the efficiency of the MH and reduces the combat losses of mines.

The main disadvantage of STM is the relatively short range of transportation of mines, determined by the energy supply of a torpedo or carrier carrier based on an uninhabited underwater vehicle (NPA). So, the US Navy’s self-propelled mine Mk67 (SLMM), converted from the Mk37 torpedo, has a transportation range of several tens of kilometers. The required range for transporting mines is determined by the geographical size and remoteness of the areas of military operations at sea, measured in hundreds and thousands of kilometers.

Another disadvantage of STMs is their acoustic signature at the stage of delivery to the mine setting area, due to the operation of the propulsion system of the torpedo or the anti-aircraft carrier carrier.

There are known underwater glider gliders [2], [3], [4], [5] which move, periodically changing their buoyancy so that their mass density becomes less or greater than the density of the surrounding ocean water. The density is changed by moving the small piston in the guide cylinder back and forth, which changes the ratio between the empty and the outboard water filled cavities of the guide cylinder. For a Slocum glider, the change in volume is approximately equal to half a cup of water, which requires negligible energy and allows you to carry out a periodic process of changing the mass density of the glider for many days and even weeks and months. As the driving force in the glider, the difference between the gravitational force of attraction and the buoyancy force of Archimedes is used. For 221 days, the Scarlet Knight glider crossed the Atlantic between the USA and Europe along a parallel of about 40 °, covering a distance of 7500 km with an average speed of 1.4 km / h [3]. It had a mass of 60.6 kg, a battery mass of 23.8 kg, an average mass density of 1025 kg / m ³ , which is close to the average density of water in the North Atlantic, and a length of 2.34 m. For communication, to clarify the current coordinates and make changes In the route task, a satellite modem was used.

Known self-transporting mine glider (STMG) [6], which is a self-transporting mine (STM), including an underwater transporter glider with a hollow wing and a compartment with a mine or mine module (MM). The STMG device provides translational sliding in the water along a gentle trajectory of immersion or ascent and the necessary stock of positive buoyancy for transporting the mine, as the governing bodies it uses a water intake, a moving container with cargo, horizontal and vertical rudders. The total average mass density of STMG corresponds to the average density of sea water in the area of use, that is, STMG has zero buoyancy. This density is regulated by the commands of the on-board glider control system (BSUG) during the movement, as well as when preparing the STMG for launch. On the trajectory of movement, the adjustment is carried out using a water intake installed in the head part, which is a cylinder with a trellised cover and a piston with an electric drive controlled by BSUG signals. The position of the piston in the cylinder determines the amount of water received in the body of the glider and thereby the total mass density or buoyancy of the STMG, as well as the amount of displacement of the center of mass of the STMG along the longitudinal axis and the trim or pitch angle. By moving the piston to the extreme positions, they achieve a successive change in the buoyancy of the STMG and its trim, as a result of which the STMG performs periodic gradual ascent or immersion with progressive sliding in water. As a load transported in a container with an electric drive, a current source, BSUG or other devices are used. A container with a load and an electric drive that moves along the guides towards the bow or stern extremities along the longitudinal axis of the glider is an additional control element and is used when the piston stroke of the water intake is insufficient to create the required trim angles.

The glider has a current source, which serves to provide power to the BSUG, instruments and mechanisms, a direction indicator, a hydrostat, a hydrodynamic pressure sensor, horizontal and vertical rudders with electric drives, trim and roll sensors.

The direction indicator determines the course of the STMG, the hydrostat - the depth of immersion, the hydrodynamic pressure sensor - the speed of movement, trim and roll sensors - its spatial orientation, the rudders provide the STMG maneuver in depth and course. Instrument readings are read in electronic form, similar to an optoelectronic rollometer [7].

The buoyancy of the STMG is regulated during preliminary preparation for launch, for which purpose an adjusting tank with a filler neck is placed in the body or the hollow wing. Before starting, the STMG buoyancy is zeroed by filling the adjustment tank with outboard water at the average position of the piston in the intake cylinder. The amount of flooded water is brought into line with the density of water in the proposed area of action.

The glider has a device for receiving telecontrol signals from a command post, navigation devices with a GPS / GLONASS receiver, according to the testimony of which they generate commands in the BSUG for correcting the trajectory. Telecontrol signals are received from the radio-acoustic control buoy (RSBU) via the radio-acoustic modem [11], [12].

In addition, the glider is equipped with a device for indicating its location, including a coil with a cable, a gas generator and an inflatable float with a beacon or radio reflector, which facilitate the detection of the float during the search. The device is turned on at the command of a telecontrol system [6].

Separation of the mine from the glider is carried out at the designated point using the mounting device and separation of the MM, equipped with a cable for electrical and information communication with the glider [6].

If necessary, the STMG is destroyed and flooded with the help of a liquidation device consisting of a sealed plug with a squib that violates its integrity, and a squib to detonate the onboard control system. The liquidation of STMG is carried out at the command of the BSUG or with KP [6].

The mine module also has an on-board control system (BSU), which, on command from the control unit, transfers it to the “dangerous”, “safe” or “liquidation” state. To transmit a command, the cipher charge of an explosive sound source (VIZ) [10] or RSLU, delivered by the control body to the mine setting area, is used.

The advantages of STMG over STM are:

1) superiority of one or two orders of magnitude in the range of transportation of mines in the area of production;

2) complete secrecy due to lack of acoustic radiation.

The disadvantage of STMG is its low speed. This determines the place of the STMG in the pre-war or threatened period, as well as during prolonged hostilities.

Other disadvantages of STMGs are the impossibility of setting them to a given recess for monitoring near-surface layers of the sea surface in deep-sea areas, as well as the limited autonomy determined by the discharge time of the onboard current source.

The aim of the invention is the development of a self-transporting mine glider that allows remote placement of mines and minefields in a remote area, at a given recess, as well as charging an onboard current source during movement along the route.

This goal is achieved due to the fact that a self-transporting mine glider is proposed, including a transporter glider and a compartment with a mine or mine module (MM), characterized in that the glider has a solar battery for recharging a current source in the daytime when surfacing to a shallow depth, an optical sensor and a direction finder for monitoring the surrounding space, a float anchor for setting mines in ice on a given recess, which includes a float, a gas generator, a coil with minrep and a stopper.

The compliance of the proposed technical solution with the criterion of "significant differences" is evidenced by the information given in table 1.

The proposed technical solution meets the criterion of "significant differences", since none of the distinguishing features in the known device is not detected.

Achieving a positive effect in the implementation of the proposed device is confirmed by the information given in table 2.

Using the proposed STMG will make it possible to produce secret mines, increase the range of mines, control the water area along the route, and also put mines on a given recess under the ice.

2. The method of setting a self-transporting mine glider

The described invention relates to methods for hitting marine targets in remote protected areas.

A known method of setting a self-transporting mine glider (STMG), which includes [6]: preparing the STMG for launch on a surface or underwater vehicle, during which outboard water is poured into the adjustment tank through the filler neck in an amount corresponding to the density of water in the intended area of operation, set the piston in the cylinder of the intake in the middle position, thereby ensuring zero buoyancy of the STMG and the absence of trim, check the operation of the BSUG and introduce the program of movement of the STMG into the specified area Produce action to finalize the mine or mine module consisting of the MM in alertness and commissioning MM task management system, carry out commissioning STMG. After starting the STMG, an on-board chemical (CIT) or other current source is activated and the BSUG is turned on. At the command of the BSUG, the piston of the intake cylinder is moved to its extreme rear position, the cylinder capacity is filled with outboard water, as a result of which the STMG receives insignificant negative buoyancy, the trim on the nose and begins to smooth immersion, i.e. sliding along an inclined path under the influence of the prevailing gravitational force. In the case when, due to external conditions (strong currents or other disturbing factors), the STMG trim is insufficient, the BSUG issues a command for electric drive to move the container with the HIT, BSUG or other cargo along the guides towards the nose, as well as to deflect the horizontal rudders to the " to dive. " Thus, the STMG begins translational movement in the form of planning in water with a gradual deepening. Upon reaching the lower boundary of the working depth range and in accordance with the hydrostat signal, the BSUG issues a command to move the piston of the intake cylinder to the frontmost position. Water is displaced from the intake cylinder through the grill cover to the outside, the STMG receives insignificant positive buoyancy, trim on the stern and begins to move forward with a gradual ascent under the influence of the prevailing force of Archimedes. In the case when, due to external conditions, the STMG trim for ascent is insufficient, the BSUG issues a command to the electric drive to move the container with the HIT, BSUG or other cargo along the guides towards the aft end and to the horizontal rudders in the “to ascent” position. Thus, they control the trajectory of the STMG in the longitudinal plane by smoothly ascending or diving with a common translational motion. In the horizontal plane, the movement of the STMG in a given direction is controlled by a vertical rudder. The STMG motion control organs use a piston of the intake cylinder, an electric drive for moving the container with a HIT, BSUG or other cargo, horizontal and vertical rudders.

On the route of movement in the BSUG glider, the trajectory is constantly calculated according to the direction indicator, hydrostat, hydrodynamic pressure sensors, trim and roll. The calculation results are compared with the programmed trajectory and corrective signals are generated in the BSOG to correct the trajectory.

Using the navigation devices GPS / GLONASS receivers installed on the glider, the BSUG clarifies the geographical coordinates, deviates them from the calculated ones and generates commands for correcting the trajectory.

When a STMG collides with an underwater obstacle, they maneuver around an obstacle by surfacing, diving or turning to the side.

By commands from the carrier or the control unit, received by the remote control signal receiving device via radio or hydro-acoustic communication channels, the glider is remotely controlled by changing the route of movement and switching the state of the mine (“dangerous”, “safe”, “liquidation”), in the event of an emergency and to prevent the capture of STMG by the enemy, a glider (MM) is eliminated; to search for a glider, a device for indicating its location is turned on. For remote control, a cryptographic charge with an explosive sound source (VIZ) [10] or RSLU is used, the control signals to which are transmitted via a radio channel and relayed to STMG via a sonar channel (acoustic modem) [11], [12].

With the arrival of the STMG in the specified area (point), the mines (MM) are discharged in accordance with the program or the STMG is immersed on the ground.

In cases where the enemy attempts to seize the detected glider (MM), as well as in the event of an emergency, on the command of the BSUG, the glider (MM) is self-destructed by blasting or flooding.

This method has its drawbacks. So, while moving along the route, the STMG does not exercise control of the surrounding space, as a result of which it is not able to respond to possible obstacles in a timely manner. The gradual discharge of the on-board current source limits the range of application of the STMG. The absence of an anchor in the mine does not allow it to be installed on a given recess.

In order to eliminate the noted drawbacks, a STMG formulation method is proposed, characterized in that during the movement of the STMG along a given route, its current source is recharged at daylight at shallow depth, the surrounding space is monitored with an optical sensor and noise finder, and they evade detected objects that are classified into BSUG, place a mine on a given recess under the ice with a float anchor, for which a mine having negative buoyancy is separated from the glider at the point of setting, they send a command to the gas generator, fill the float attached to the mine with gas, provide positive total buoyancy, remove the coil stopper and provide the float to float and unwind the minrep to a length corresponding to the specified mine recess, fix the coil with the stopper, the floated float is used as an anchor, which under the action its positive buoyancy and irregularities of the lower surface of the ice retains its location, the glider is led to a given removal and flooded.

Sources of information used in identifying the invention and compiling its description

1. Scop D. Barlson, David E. Everhart, and Scott C. Truver. The latest submarine weapon system is a key factor in the transformation of war at sea: Per. from English / Source: Naval Engineers Journal, 2012, March, No. 124-1, p. 57-64. - St. Petersburg: NII KiV Navy VUNTS Navy "Naval Academy", 2013.

2. Electronic resource http://rucool.marine.rutgers.edu/atlantic/about_gliders.htmll.

3. The era of underwater reconnaissance gliders is coming. http://pics.rbc.ru/img/cnews/2009/12114/gl1.ipg.

4. Underwater robots: new perspectives. http://filearchive.cnews.ru/img/onews/2009/12/14/100559.13238_real.jpg

5. New underwater robot: economical and silent. http://www.infuture.ru/article/294

6. V.I. Polenin et al. Self-transporting mine glider and method of setting it. Application for invention No. 2014104395. - M.: FIPS, 2015. Bull. Number 23.

7. Optoelectronic rollometer. Patent for invention RU 2244259 C1, 04/18/2003.

8. Kudryavtsev G.I., Schetinin A.M. Reinforcing chemical fibers for composite materials // ed. G.I. Kudryavtseva. - M .: "Chemistry", 1992.

9. Musina T.K., Volokhina A.V., Shchetinin A.M. Polyamide and aramid fibers and threads with special properties and products based on them / In the world of equipment, 2010. - http://legprom.bz/.

10. Patent RU 2510355 C2. Reactive cipher charge (options) / Novikov A.V., Tsapko S.A. - M .: FIPS, 2014. Bull. No. 9.

11. Acoustic modem AM-300. http://www.diveservice.ru/

12. Matvienko Yu. V. Hydroacoustic navigation complex underwater robot. The dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Technical Sciences. - Vladivostok, 2004. http://ww.diwssercat.com/content/gidroakusticheskii-kompleks-navigatsii-podvodnogo-robota#ixzz2fPt3Bsov

Claims (2)

1. Self-transporting mine glider (STMG), including a transporter glider and a compartment with a mine or a mine module, characterized in that the glider has a solar battery for recharging the current source in the daylight at shallow depths, an optical sensor and a noise finder to control the surrounding space , a float anchor for setting mines on a given recess under the ice, containing a float attached to a mine, a gas generator that fills the float with gas, a reel with minrep and a stopper. 2. A method of setting a self-transporting mine glider (STMG), characterized in that during the movement of the STMG along a given route, its current source is recharged at daylight at shallow depths, the surrounding space is monitored by an optical sensor and noise finder, and they evade detected objects that classified in the on-board control system, put the mine on a given recess under the ice with the help of a float anchor, for which a mine having negative buoyancy is separated from aider, give a command to the gas generator, fill the float attached to the mine with gas, ensure their positive total buoyancy, remove the coil stopper and float up and unwind the minrep to a length corresponding to the specified mine recess, fix the coil with the stopper, the floated float is used as an anchor, which, under the influence of its positive buoyancy and roughnesses of the lower surface of the ice, retains its location, the glider is led away to a predetermined distance and flooded.