RU2662767C2 - Energy-protein fodder additive based on rape seeds and millet grain - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.SUBSTANCE: energy-protein fodder additive contains rapeseed and millet seeds passed through the oil press in a ratio of 90% of the rape seed and 10% of the millet seed.EFFECT: invention allows to create a new fodder product on the basis of natural raw materials, combining the property of balancing the rations of cows in energy, protein, essential fatty acids and thus having prebiotic properties, as well as a stimulating effect on the indicators of milk productivity and the function of reproduction of animals.1 cl, 3 tbl

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, namely to feed production, and can be used for the production of energy-protein feed additives for feeding cows.

A known method of preparing a protein-energy vitamin supplement based on full-fat soy, intended for use in feed rations of farm animals and poultry. The method involves the preliminary soaking of soybean grain in an aqueous salt solution of macro-, microelements for 9-12 hours, heat treatment for 20-30 minutes at a temperature of hot air at the outlet of 120-160 ° C to residual moisture, mixing soybean grain with vegetable protein components: a mixture of sunflower meal, oilcake, vitamin grass flour and sunflower seeds in an amount of 30-60%, grinding and granulation, during which a plant vitamin concentrate is introduced - pumpkin paste in an amount of 1-10% (according to dry matter y). As a water-salt solution of macro-, microelements, a mixture of sodium chloride, zinc, iodine and glauber's salt is used in an amount of 17-45 kg. However, the proposed method is energy-consuming, and the introduction of such a component as pumpkin paste is not widespread and is limited to the raw material base. Also, with this method, double soaking of soy is carried out, which entails a decrease in biological activity [1].

The invention is known - the development of a method of feeding first-calf cows during milking with the use of a diet comprising animal feed containing an energy-protein feed additive - oilcake (cruciferous) cake. The method consists in feeding animals a diet containing animal feed and a biologically active additive. As a biological active additive use camelina cake in an amount of 22% by weight of feed, while using cake from camelina of the Isilkulets variety with an erucic acid content of not more than 1.9%, which has undergone two-stage pressing on screw presses. Ginger cake is administered daily with feed. The feed additive is closest to the invention in terms of the essential features and is adopted as a prototype. In our supplement, instead of camelina oil cake, which is a source of energy and protein, rapeseed oil seeds are introduced, which contain more energy, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and millet grain, which has prebiotic properties, is also introduced [2].

Known energy-protein concentrate (EPA), consisting of 71% wheat, 25% rapeseed, 2% urea and 2% mineral supplements. In this prescription composition (EPA) there is a small (25%) percentage of rapeseed, therefore their energy saturation is lower compared to the claimed product, and also due to the presence of urea, this concentrate cannot be used in diets for feeding cows in the early stages of lactation, since nitrogen is non-protein the origin contained in urea can adversely affect reproductive functions [3].

The objective of the invention is the creation of a new feed product based on natural raw materials, combining the ability to balance the diets of cows for energy, protein, essential fatty acids and at the same time possessing prebiotic properties. The feed supplement has a stimulating effect on milk production and animal reproduction functions.

An energy-protein feed additive containing rapeseed and millet grain, passed through an oil press, has the following ratio of components, wt. %: rapeseed seeds - 90; millet grain - 10.

The problem is solved by the fact that rapeseed and millet grain are passed through an oil press in the ratio of 90% of rapeseed and 10% of millet grain, the processed product enters the granulator. Pressing can be carried out using screw presses FL 200 or FS 1010.

For the production of an energy-protein feed additive, it is necessary that the raw materials meet the following requirements: rapeseed and millet grain are not lower than the second class, must be unheated, in a healthy state, have a color and smell characteristic of normal rapeseed and millet grain (without a musty, moldy and odor). The content of toxic elements, mycotoxins and pesticides should not exceed acceptable levels established by biomedical requirements and sanitary quality standards.

Table 2 presents the results of using different formulations of the feed additive from rape seeds and millet grains in the diets of cows.

It was established that the highest milk productivity was shown by the cows of the experimental group who received the energy-protein feed supplement of the first recipe in the diet. They exceeded their counterparts in terms of milk productivity by 10.1%. The difference is significant (P> 0.95). When using other recipes of the feed additive, milk productivity slightly decreased in relation to the animals of the control group, however, the difference is not significant.

The introduction into the diet of cows of a feed additive from rape seeds and millet grains of various recipes had an uneven effect on their reproductive functions (table 3).

The duration of the service period of the cows of the experimental group was significantly less than in animals of the control group by 34.6 days (P≥0.95). This indicator in animals of the II and III experimental group was less than the control by 11.5 and 4.7 days, but the difference in this indicator between the groups is not statistically significant. Consequently, supplement I of the prescription also has a better effect on the reproductive functions of cows.

Thus, based on the experiments, it was found that feeding an energy-protein feed additive based on rapeseed and millet seeds according to the proposed method improves the milk production of first-calf heifers, increases the biological usefulness of milk and positively affects the reproductive functions of cows.

The invention can find wide application in the regions of the Russian Federation, in which a deficiency of energy and protein in the diets of highly productive farm animals is recorded.

Information sources

1. USSR author's certificate No. 2038797 C 1, cl. A23K 1/00, publ. 07/09/95.

2. Copyright certificate RU, patent 2428048, cl. A23K 1/00 publ. 09/10/2011.

3. Grigoriev, N.G. Development and physiological substantiation of energy protein concentrates for cattle / N.G. Grigoryev, A.P. Gaganov, N.G. Isaenkov // Materials of the III International Conference / Actual problems of biology in animal husbandry: Borovsk, 2000. - P. 68-74.

Claims (1)

An energy-protein feed supplement containing rapeseed and millet grain, passed through an oil press, in a ratio of 90% rapeseed and 10% millet grain.