RU2644812C1 - Method of reducing resistance to train motion - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: railway transport.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to railway transport. Method of reducing resistance to train motion, consisting of consecutively located behind the locomotive railway cars, consists in retraction of laminar flows created by movement of locomotive and carriages and turbulent eddies of air from locomotive bodies and wagons aside. Platforms with cargoes arranged by descending sizes of cargoes. Device for implementing such method comprises locomotive and rectangular wagons. On the rear corner sides of locomotive and front and rear side faces (2) of rectangular carriages, including hoppers, refrigerators, timber platforms, rotary, at acute angle to direction line, for example from 20° up to 30°, spars (3), width of 30 cm. Side spars are fixed on one side with vertical rotary axis with lower position fixer.

EFFECT: invention improves efficiency of reducing resistance to train motion by eliminating rocking and braking of wagons and increasing safety level of moving train.

2 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to railway transport and, in particular, can be used on all trains.

It is known that when the body moves in the air, an outgoing laminar air flow is formed, which then turns into a turbulent one. The first part of the air flow, hitting objects following the body, slows them down, and the second part sways, which together reduces the speed of the entire chain of objects. These shortcomings in high-speed passenger trains operating on long routes are mitigated by minimizing the distance between cars. However, the remaining passenger trains, trains and freight trains do not have such structural elements, and therefore experience great air resistance.

A known method of reducing the resistance to the movement of train cars, including cleaning from contamination of the rolling surfaces of the heads of both rails in front of the first wheel pair of the locomotive leading the train cars, a cleaning device and applying a friction modifier to the rolling surface of the heads of both rails after the last driving wheel pair of the locomotive, while cleaning the rails produced by a device for laser cleaning before the first wheelset of a locomotive, see application 2012125196/11, B61K 3/00 of June 19, 2012.

There is also known a method of reducing the resistance of a medium to a moving object, including making the front of the object pointed and, at least, not increasing the overall size after the end of the sharpening, i.e. by changing the shape. At the same time, behind the pointed part, the object is made with openings in the part that interacts with the medium, the size of the openings is adjustable in magnitude, and the openings are shifted in the direction of movement, see application for invention No. 94002516, B63B 1/32 of 01/26/1994.

The disadvantages of the known invention include the low efficiency of reducing the resistance of the air to objects moving after the first, because design changes are made only in the front of the moving object and do not eliminate the inhibitory effect arising from the subsequent air flow on trailed cars following the head object.

The aim of the creation of the claimed invention is to achieve a technical result to increase the efficiency of reducing the resistance to movement of a locomotive and railway cars, thereby eliminating the swaying and braking of cars, as well as increasing the level of safety of a moving train.

The specified technical result for the method is achieved by the fact that in the known method of reducing the resistance to movement of the train, including the sequential arrangement of railway cars behind the locomotive, laminar flows and subsequent turbulent air turbulence created by the movement of the locomotive and the wagons attached to it, are taken away from the locomotive body and wagons, and if there are platforms with goods in the freight train, they are arranged in descending order of cargo size, starting from large sizes to more and more smaller.

The specified technical result for a device that implements a method of reducing the resistance to movement of a train containing a locomotive and wagons is achieved by the fact that on the rear side faces of the locomotive and the front and rear side faces of rectangular rectangular cars attached to it, including hoppers, refrigerators, platforms for timber, swivels installed at an acute angle to the direction line, for example from 20 ° to 30 °, side members with a width of 30 cm, while the side members fixed on one side They are mounted on a vertical pivot axis with a lower position lock.

The claimed invention is illustrated in FIG. 1, which shows a general view of a freight car.

A device implementing the claimed method according to FIG. 1 includes:

1. universal freight car;

2. side faces of cars;

3. swivel spars;

4. rotary axis;

5. position locks.

A device that implements the claimed method, in a particular case, consists of a locomotive and universal freight cars 1 of a rectangular shape, see FIG. 1. On the rear side faces of the locomotive and the front and rear side faces of 2 cars, rotary spars 3 are installed with a width of 30 cm, installed at an acute angle to the direction line, for example, 20 ° -30 °. The side members 3 are fixed on one side on a vertical pivot axis 4 with a lower position lock 5.

The invention is implemented as follows.

The wagon trailer forms the freight train so that rectangular freight cars 1 are located after the locomotive, including hoppers for cement transportation, refrigerators, and timber platforms. At the same time, at the end of the train are platforms grouped by vessels with different cargoes, i.e. of various shapes. In this embodiment, the first to have platforms with larger vessels, for example for transporting petroleum products, and then sequentially move to platforms with small vessels, for example, agricultural fertilizers, etc.

After the composition is formed, the assistant to the driver bypasses it and installs the side members 3 on the rear side faces 2 of the locomotive and on the front and rear side faces 2 of all rectangular cars 1 at the same acute angle of 20 ° -30 ° in the direction of movement by turning their axis 4 and then securing the side members 3 motionless by means of the lower latches 5. When the train moves, its leading link - the locomotive, as it were, “tears the air”, creating subsequent wave vortices, the initial sections of which are laminar in nature, rehodyaschie then turbulent. These air flows act on the spars 3 installed on the lateral angular edges of the cars 1, which, due to their direction at an acute angle of 20 ° -30 ° in the direction of movement, take air flows away from the surfaces of the cars 1. This eliminates harmful mechanical inhibitory effects on cars (direct pressure, swinging, etc.) from the oncoming air flow. Thus, the intended technical result is achieved - reducing the resistance to movement of the railway train, eliminating the swaying and braking of cars 1 and the whole train. This eliminates the braking of the train and increases its speed, and also increases the level of safety of the moving train and further reduces energy consumption.

The claimed invention is new, previously unknown, which indicates its compliance with the patentability criterion - novelty.

The device can be implemented at any engineering plant, which indicates the compliance of the invention with the criterion of industrial applicability.

Claims (2)

1. A method of reducing the resistance to movement of a train, including the sequential arrangement of railway cars behind a locomotive, characterized in that the laminar flows and subsequent turbulent swirls of air created by the movement of the locomotive and the trailed wagons are taken away from the locomotive body and wagons, and if there is one in the freight the composition of the platforms with cargoes is arranged in descending order of cargo size, starting from larger sizes to ever smaller ones. 2. A device for implementing a method of reducing the resistance to movement of a train according to claim 1, comprising a locomotive and wagons, characterized in that the rear side faces of the locomotive and the front and rear side faces of rectangular wagons attached to it, including hoppers, refrigerators, platforms for timber, mounted at an acute angle to the line of direction of movement, for example from 20 ° to 30 °, side members with a width of 30 cm, while side members are fixed on one vertical axis with a lower latch th position.

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