RU2644318C2 - Opposed-piston internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engines and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: internal combustion engine comprises a body made in the form of oppositely disposed combustion chambers with a rectangular cross section, each combustion chamber comprises an arranged injection system, an exhaust system and a spark plug, in the centre of the body, there is a flexible plate installed in its two side walls in seals. Side surfaces of the flexible plate slide over the body walls when bending, and two side ends are located beyond the seals, the plate in the centre of the body is connected to the rod, the ends of which interact with a flywheel.

EFFECT: reduced metal consumption due to reduced geometrical dimensions of the engine.

2 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to engine building, in particular to the construction of internal combustion engines without a crankshaft.

Known is the opposed internal combustion engine containing at least two opposed (opposite) piston cylinders, interconnected by a common rod bearing a cam element in its central part interacting with a mating profile groove made on the inner surface of the cylindrical outlet sleeve that spans the rod and equipped with a gear to transmit the moment to the consumer, and the cam element is equipped with a roller, the profile groove of the output cylindrical sleeve is made on a closed sinusoidal one, a cam element roller is placed in it, the diametrically opposite part of which is supported on the inner surface of the sleeve, located coaxially with the rod installed in the guide bearings, while the amplitude of the sine wave groove is equal to the piston stroke from the bottom dead center to the top dead center, and its length is a multiple of its period, and the output sleeve is installed in the end supports to prevent its axial movement. The rod is kinematically connected with bushings mounted for rotation and having sinusoidal guides with a length equal to its two periods and amplitude of the span equal to the stroke of the piston from the bottom dead center to the top dead center, diametrically directed response elements of the rod are located in the guides, while the indicated the bushings are installed in the end supports and are made with elements of kinematic connection with the camshafts of the control valves of the cylinders (RF Patent, No. 2089733, Mcl 6 F01B 3/4, 9/06, F02B 75/24, 75/32, 1977).

A disadvantage of the known design is the complexity of the manufacture of the structure. In addition, the design contains two gears, one for removing torque and the other for driving the gas distribution mechanism, which leads to a complication of the structure and an increase in its metal consumption.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed invention adopted for the prototype is a boxer engine (RF Patent No. 2281399, publ. 08/10/2006, IPC F01B 3/04, F01B 9/06) containing the engine casing (the position on the drawing of the prototype is not indicated), a crankcase, two opposed piston cylinders, connected by rods, and a cross installed to move along a closed sinusoidal groove, intake and exhaust mechanisms of the working mixture in two working cavities of each cylinder, spark plug (positions in the drawing the prototype is not indicated)

The disadvantage is the design complexity and high metal consumption.

The objective of the invention is to reduce the metal consumption by reducing the geometric dimensions of the engine.

The problem is solved due to the fact that the internal combustion engine comprising a housing, an injection system including intake valves and intake windows, an exhaust system including exhaust valves and exhaust windows, a rod with flywheels and spark plugs, the engine housing is made in the form of oppositely located chambers of combustion, with a rectangular cross-section, in each combustion chamber there is an injection system, an exhaust system and spark plugs, in the center of the combustion chambers there is a rod with flywheels at its ends, in yx side walls of the combustion chambers in the flexible seals mounted plate, the side surfaces which slide in bending the walls of the housing, and two end located outside the end seals, this plate in the center of the housing is connected to a rod, the ends of which interact with flywheels. The flexible plate is made of heat-resistant, wear-resistant, elastic material.

Figure 1 presents a diagram of an internal combustion engine.

The presented internal engine contains:

1 - housing; 2, 3 - combustion chambers; 4, 5 - inlet valves; 6, 7 - inlet windows; 8, 9 - exhaust valves; 10, 11 - exhaust windows; 12, 13 - spark plugs; 14, 15, 16, 17 - seals; 18 - a flexible plate; 19 - stock; 20, 21 - flywheels.

Moreover, the engine housing 1 is made in the form of opposed combustion chambers 2, 3 with a rectangular cross-section, in each combustion chamber 2, 3 there is an injection system including intake valves 4, 5 and intake windows 6, 7, an exhaust system including exhaust valves 8, 9 and exhaust windows 10, 11 and spark plugs 12, 13, in the center of the housing 1 in its two side walls containing seals 14, 15, 16, 17, a flexible plate 18 is installed, the lateral surfaces of which slide along the walls of the housing when bent (made of heat-resistant, made of osostoykogo, elastic material) associated with the rod 19, the ends of which interact with the flywheels 20, 21.

The engine operates as follows.

1st beat (in chamber 2). The rod 19 goes upward, bending the plate 18 upward, the inlet valve 5 opens, and a combustible mixture enters the cavity of the chamber 2 through the inlet window 7. At this point, the exhaust valve 8 opens in the chamber 1 and exhaust gases (4 clock cycles) exit through the exhaust window 10.

2nd step (in chamber 2). The rod 19 goes down, bending the plate 18 (valves 5 and 11 are closed), at this moment in the (1st chamber) 1st cycle the inlet valve 4 opens, and a combustible mixture enters the cavity of the chamber 1 through the inlet window 6. At the time of the maximum deflection of the plate 18 in the chamber 2, an electric charge occurs on the electrodes of the spark plug 13 and the “working” mixture in the cavity of the cylinder head body 2 ignites (an explosion occurs), and under the pressure of the gases formed (in the chamber 2), the plate 18 bends upward ( rod 19 progressively moves upward) - this is the 3rd cycle (in chamber 2), at this moment the plate 18 bends upward as much as possible (in chamber 1) and an electric discharge occurs on the electrodes of the spark plug 12, the “working” mixture in the cavity of the cylinder head body 1 flammable ( there is an explosion), and under the pressure of the gases formed (in chamber 1), plate 18 bends down (rod 19 is progressively lowered down) in the 1st chamber, the third cycle occurs (valves 4 and 8 are closed). At this moment, the exhaust valve 9 opens in the 2nd chamber and exhaust gases exit from the chamber 2 through the exhaust window 10 - this is the 4th cycle in the second chamber.

Under the action of the energy accumulated in the flywheel connected to the rod 19, the flexible plate 18 bends upward, the exhaust valve 8 opens in the chamber 1 and the exhaust gases exit the chamber cavity through the exhaust window 10 - this is the fourth cycle in the chamber 1.

Then the work cycle is repeated.

Thus, in this engine, the flexible plate acts as a piston, which creates the desired change in volume by bending in the corresponding direction.

The internal combustion engine is made with the least number of metal-consuming elements, the dimensions and weight of the engine are reduced.

Claims (2)

1. An internal combustion engine comprising a housing, an injection system including intake valves and intake windows, an exhaust system including exhaust valves and exhaust windows, a rod with flywheels and spark plugs, characterized in that the engine housing is made in the form of opposed combustion chambers, with a rectangular cross-section, an injection system, an exhaust system and spark plugs are located in each combustion chamber, a flexible plate is installed in the seals in its two side walls in the seals, the sides the surfaces of which during bending slip along the walls of the housing, and the two end ends are located outside the seals, this plate in the center of the housing is connected to the rod, the ends of which interact with the flywheels. 2. The internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the flexible plate is made of heat-resistant, wear-resistant, elastic material.

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