RU2448263C1 - Internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engines and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: internal combustion engine comprises cylinder, piston with drive mechanism, straight shaft with T-like ledge, ignition and exhaust gas discharge system. Said drive mechanism is made up of straight shaft made integral with T-like ledge with its one end jointed via bearings with different ellipse-shaped surfaces made inside piston. Shaft with T-like ledge revolves around its axis and along double ellipse inside piston.

EFFECT: simplified design.

6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to piston machines, in particular to internal combustion engines with a rodless mechanism for converting the reciprocating motion of the piston into rotational motion of the shaft.

The main problem of engine building is to simplify the design, increase power and reduce the cost of engine production. A significant drawback of existing engines is the process of converting the translational (linear) motion of the piston into rotational motion of the crankshaft. All this prevents the creation of engines with two-sided working process in the cylinders.

The closest technical solution is an internal combustion engine, in which the cam disc is engaged with a connecting rod having a rigid direction due to 4 guide rollers / DE 2800839 A1, MPK2 F02B 75/32, 12/10/1979 /. The connecting rod is rigidly mounted in the piston and has a rigid direction due to the rollers. The lower end of the connecting rod is inserted into the rotating cam disc. The lower end of the connecting rod is guided in the first embodiment by two rollers located one above the other on one side of the connecting rod with a tight tolerance, and the second option - with one roller with a clearance, because it cyclically changes the direction of its rotation. The objectives of the cam disc, located horizontally and clockwise, is to push the piston to the highest position, move the piston down, compress, explode.

A disadvantage of the known technical solution is the rigid fastening of the connecting rod in the piston, but the piston in the cylinder liner is with a gap and is sealed only by compression rings, which leads to the loading of the rollers by the shock loads of the piston through the connecting rod. In addition, a cam disk - a flywheel rotating clockwise, is connected to the connecting rod via two rollers located one above the other. During rotation, this leads to vibrations of the lower part of the connecting rod and, as a result, also shock loads on the rollers and oscillations of the piston, that is, the connecting rod, despite the design, will oscillate horizontally with the piston. Cam disc - flywheel also must be balanced against centrifugal forces. As a result of vibrations of the connecting rod with the piston in the cylinder, it will not be possible to compress the combustible mixture in the lower combustion chamber of the engine.

All of the above makes the known design unworkable.

The technical task and the technical result of the present invention is to simplify the design in the form of using another kinematic scheme for converting the translational motion of the pistons into rotational motion of the shaft and, as a result, increase engine power.

The specified technical result is achieved in that in an internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder, a piston with a power mechanism, an ignition and exhaust system, it is new that the power mechanism is a straight shaft, integral with a T-shaped protrusion integrated in the piston so that its end is guided through bearings along elliptical surfaces made inside the piston. In this case, a rigid shaft with a T-shaped protrusion rotates in a circular motion around its axis and along a double ellipse inside the piston.

The causal relationship between the claimed technical result and the essential features of the invention is as follows. Simplification of the design is achieved due to the implementation of the power mechanism in the form of a straight shaft with a T-shaped protrusion, which allows you to apply a kinematic scheme having a rodless conversion mechanism.

The proposed engine is shown in the drawings, where:

figure 1 shows a General view of the engine in section (longitudinal);

figure 2 is a General view of the engine in section (transverse);

figure 3 - the position of the piston at top dead center;

figure 4 is an intermediate position of the piston;

figure 5 - the position of the piston at bottom dead center;

figure 6 is an intermediate position of the piston.

The arrows indicate the directions of the combustible mixture, and the arrows indicate the direction of movement of the T-shaped protrusion of the shaft.

Figure 3 denotes I - top dead center for the piston.

Figure 4 indicates II - the intermediate position for the piston and shaft.

In figure 5, III is indicated — bottom dead center for the piston.

6 shows IV - 2nd intermediate position for the piston and shaft.

The internal combustion engine contains a cylinder 1, a piston 2 with a power mechanism, which is a straight shaft, made integral with the T-shaped protrusion 3 located in the piston 1. At the end of the T-shaped protrusion 3 of the straight shaft there are two needle roller bearings 4.

The shaft rotates in bearings 5, for example sliding. The piston 1 is sealed with compression and oil scraper rings 6. The ignition system includes spark plugs connected to a generator (not shown in the drawing). Also in the internal combustion engine there are valves 7 for supplying a combustible mixture to the combustion chamber and exhaust exhaust.

Inside the piston 1, for example, during casting, ellipsoidal surfaces 8 and 9 are made. A shaft with a T-shaped protrusion 3 is integrated into the piston 1 in such a way that it mates with the piston 1 through different ellipsoid surfaces 8 and 9, made in the piston 1 on opposite sides from the T-shaped protrusion 3 of the shaft, and rolling bearings without clearance.

The internal combustion engine operates as follows.

During the combustion of a combustible mixture in the upper combustion chamber of cylinder 1 (Fig. 3) of position I, the piston 2 under a gas pressure makes a rectilinear movement, moving through the sliding (rolling) bearings a T-shaped protrusion 3 of the shaft, which rotates around its axis around piston 1 on elliptical surfaces 8 and 9.

The rotation of the shaft is removed by the flywheel (not shown in the drawings). Position II - the intermediate position of the shaft with a T-shaped protrusion 3. In position III - BDC - the combustion of the combustible mixture in the lower combustion chamber and the release of exhaust gases in the upper combustion chamber. IV - 2nd intermediate position of the connecting rod shaft. In position I - position TDC - the cycle is closed.

The proposed power mechanism makes it possible to use sliding or rolling bearings lubricated under pressure, as well as to use an effective piston cooling system with forced circulation of oil in a closed circuit, capable of providing reliable cooling even with a high degree of engine boost, in terms of speed and air pressure.

This power mechanism can be used for compressors, pumps and other reciprocating machines.

Claims (1)

An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder, a piston associated with a power mechanism, an ignition and exhaust system, characterized in that the power mechanism is a straight shaft made integral with a T-shaped protrusion, the end of which is connected through bearings to elliptical surfaces made inside the piston, while the shaft with a T-shaped protrusion rotates around its axis and along a double ellipse inside the piston.

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