RU2642441C1 - Production line of fodder additive - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: production line of a fodder additive includes equipping the dry powder preparation section, the pre-mix preparation section and the finished fodder additive preparation section. The equipment of the sections is represented by drum driers-mixers with channel nozzles, installed in series, a hammer mill and a mixer. The drum drier-mixer with channel nozzles comprises a housing, a loading feeder, a discharging hopper, devices for supplying and heating a coolant, a pipeline with an injector for feeding an enzyme preparation, a drive, blades with a curved profile having sections with a convex surface and a rectilinear surfaces with through openings.

EFFECT: use of the invention will allow to create a highly effective production line for a fodder additive, which allows to expand the line functionality by providing the application of an enzyme preparation to a mineral carrier with a developed structure.

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Description

The invention relates to agriculture and can be used in the feed industry.

A known production line of feed additives or premix [Application for invention No. 2013147941/13, 10/29/2013, B02B 1/00, publ. 05/10/2015, Bull. No. 13], which contains three series-connected sections: the premix preparation section, the preparation of the feed additive or premix, the packaging section of the finished feed additive or premix, the premix preparation section includes a hydrolysis lignin hopper, feed yeast hopper, zeolite hopper and a binder container wherein the lignin hydrolysis bin is connected to a drying and pre-grinding unit for wood raw materials, which is a device for grinding and drying hydro-lifes lignin, which consists of a bed with a hammer activator, a feed channel for wet wood chips and sawdust with a flow reflector, a stone trap, a hot air supply channel, an activation chamber and a discharge channel connected to the lignin hopper of the hydrolysis section for preparing the feed mixture or premix, which contains from one up to three micronispersion devices with a feed hopper for purified hydrolysis lignin, feed yeast biomass, zeolite associated with the corresponding hoppers of the pre-mix preparation section, a system aspiration for collecting fine dust, and devices for micro-grinding the components of the mixture through the container are connected to a micro granulator, which is a fluidized bed apparatus that acts as a mixer, granulator and dryer of a premix or feed additive and is connected to a binder container, the output of the micro granulator is connected to the hopper of the packaging section and packaging of a feed additive or premix, which includes a hopper for collecting finished products, a metering scale, a packaging line.

A disadvantage of the known production line of feed additives or premix is the lack of technical means to ensure the use of mineral adsorbents.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved effect to the proposed is the line for implementing the method of production of feed additives based on zeolite [Pat. RF № 2484640, IPC Cl7. A23K 1/00, publ. 06/20/2013. Bull. No. 17], which includes a section for obtaining dry copper methioninate powder, a premix preparation section, a finished feed additive preparation section, as well as a refrigeration steam compressor unit including a compressor, a two-section condenser with two parallel sections, a thermostatic valve, and an evaporator operating in a closed thermodynamic cycle .

The disadvantages of the known line for implementing the method of manufacturing a feed additive based on zeolite are the limited functionality of the line, which does not allow for the application of the enzyme preparation on a mineral carrier with a developed structure.

An object of the invention is the creation of a highly efficient line for implementing a method for the production of feed additives, which allows to expand the functionality of the line by ensuring the application of the enzyme preparation on a mineral carrier with a developed structure.

The technical task of the invention is achieved by the fact that in the production line of a feed additive, including the equipment for a dry powder production site, a pre-mix preparation section and a finished feed additive preparation section, it is new that the equipment of the sections is sequentially installed drum dryer mixers with channel nozzles, hammer crusher and mixer, while the drum dryer-mixer with channel nozzles includes a housing, loading feeder, discharge hopper, devices for supplying and heating a coolant, a pipeline with a nozzle for supplying an enzyme preparation, a drive, blades with a curved profile having sections with convex and rectilinear surfaces with through holes.

The technical result of the invention is to create a highly efficient line for implementing a method for the production of feed additives, which allows to expand the functionality of the line by ensuring the application of the enzyme preparation on a mineral carrier with a developed structure.

In FIG. 1 is a diagram of a feed additive production line; FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the construction of a drum dryer-mixer with channel nozzles, FIG. 3 is a design diagram of the blades of a drum dryer; FIG. 4 is a profile of a blade constructed in polar coordinates; FIG. 5 is a position of a blade corresponding to the beginning of pouring material; FIG. 6 - the position of the blade when it is rotated through an angle ϕ = 45 °, at which part of the product is poured from the blade, in FIG. 7 - the position of the blade when turning through an angle ϕ = 90 °, at which half of the original volume of the product remains on the blade, in FIG. 8 is a layout (orientation) of the blade relative to the drum, in FIG. 9 is a cross section of a drum.

The inventive line (Fig. 1) includes drum dryer-mixers with channel nozzles 1, a hammer mill 2 and a mixer 3.

A drum dryer-mixer with channel nozzles 1 is used in this line as the most effective way of introducing an enzyme preparation, because it can simultaneously carry out the process of spraying the liquid phase (enzyme), applying it in the form of a film onto solid granules (feed or feed additive) in an overflowing (suspended) layer, followed by mixing and uniform redistribution of the wet phase throughout the volume of the bulk product.

A drum dryer-mixer with channel nozzles (Fig. 2) includes a housing 4, channel nozzles 5, a loading feeder 6, an unloading hopper 7, devices for supplying 8 and heating the heat carrier 9, a pipeline with a nozzle for supplying the enzyme preparation 10, drive 11 , blades with a curved profile 12 having sections with convex I and rectilinear II surfaces, through holes 13.

To ensure the maximum number of particles of granular material in suspension, and their uniform distribution over the cross section of the drum, the configuration of the original profile of the blades 12 is selected.

In FIG. 2 shows a cross section of a drum rotating around a center with an angular velocity ω in a clockwise direction. On the blade (Fig. 3) D ₁ E ₁ O ₁ (this shape of the blade is often used in drum dryers) is a bulk material, occupying a cross-sectional area S ₁ . This area is limited by an arc of a circle B ₁ D ₁ , the radius of which is the inner radius of the drum R, a blade D ₁ E ₁ O ₁ and a straight line O ₁ B ₁ located at an angle of repose of the material. When the blade is rotated through an angle dϕ, part of the bulk material is poured and the latter in the cross section will occupy the area S ₂ . The straight line O ₂ B _{2 is} parallel to the straight line O ₁ B ₁ , since the free surface of the product in all positions of the blade is at an angle of repose. From point D ₂ the arc length D ₂ B _{2 is plotted} . Obviously, the area of the figure O ₁ E ₁ D ₁ C is equal to the area of the figure O ₂ E ₂ D ₂ In ₂ .

When the blade is rotated through an angle dϕ, material with a volume of dV is poured from it, which is limited in cross section by the area of the figure O ₁ B ₁ C, and dV = LdS, where L is the length of the blade in the direction of the axis of the drum.

The rate of material shedding from the blade depending on the rotation angle LdS / dϕ.

, где R’ – радиус окружности, через которую проходят образующие концов лопатокIt can be assumed that for uniform filling of the entire volume of the dryer with bulk material, the rate of pouring from the blade is proportional to the height

where R 'is the radius of the circle through which the generatrices of the ends of the blades pass

,

,

where k is the coefficient of proportionality.

, получим:Marking

we get:

(1)

(one)

For small values of the angle dϕ, the area dS can be considered as the area of the sector of a circle with a central angle dϕ and a radius r drawn from the point O ₁ . In this case

(2)

(2)

Equating the right sides of equations (1) and (2), we obtain

(3)

(3)

The maximum value of the radius, which we call the size of the blade and denote a, is obtained for

In view of the latter, equation (3) has the form:

Equation (3) expresses the profile of the scapula. For the convenience of calculations, we take 2A = 1 and construct the blade profile in polar coordinates according to equation (3). This profile is shown in FIG. 4, where the starting point of the angles ϕ is the straight line MN, point О is the center from which the radii are drawn.

In FIG. 5 shows the position of the blade, corresponding to the beginning of the sprinkling of material; straight MN is at an angle of repose. Suppose that at point 0 the blade has a narrow gap through which material can spill out. When the blade is rotated through an angle ϕ = 45 ° (Fig. 6), part of the product is poured off the blade, when rotated by an angle ϕ = 90 ° (Fig. 7), half of the initial volume of the product will remain on the blade, when turned 180 °, the blade will be empty. In FIG. 6, 7, the straight line OF is located at an angle equal to the angle of repose.

The profile of the blade obtained theoretically has the shape of a closed curve, which practically cannot be done under the conditions of filling the blade with bulk material, as well as under the conditions of material removal.

The blade profile (Fig. 8) is oriented relative to the drum body so that the straight line drawn through the axis of rotation of the drum and the origin of the blade profile has an angle θ with a tangent MN to the profile of the blade drawn from the origin 0, equal to the angle of repose of the bulk material moreover, from the origin 0 of the profile to the point A of touching the profile of the blade with the drum body in a counterclockwise direction, the blade has an open section, which somewhat distorts the adopted law of the rate of material dropping from the blade, but it makes the design real in terms of filling the blade and removing loose material from it.

Other vanes shown in FIG. 9, are constructed by turning the initial position of the blade at an appropriate angle. In this case, the dimensions of the blades and their number are selected from the conditions of the maximum number of particles of the granular product falling in from the blades. To do this, it is necessary to consider the scheme of the drum (Fig. 9), which has an internal device in the form of a lifting-blade nozzle, in which the bulk material begins to crumble when the blade is in a horizontal plane passing through the axis of rotation of the drum. Bulking of the material occurs when the angle ϕ varies from 0 to 180 ⁰ . As can be seen from FIG. 9, the particle incidence height h varies according to the following law

, (4)

, (four)

moreover

. (5)

. (5)

. Следовательно,From equation (3), the maximum value of the radius of the blade corresponds to a at

. Hence,

. (6)

. (6)

Particle fall time from the scapula is equal to

. (7)

. (7)

We substitute equations (4) and (5) into equation (7), we obtain:

. (8)

. (8)

Obviously, the volume of the particles of the granular product V _r in falling from the blades is determined by

, (9)

, (9)

where V _l is the volume of the product captured by one blade; z is the number of blades; n is the rotational speed of the drum; t _cf - the average time of falling particles from the blades;

, (10)

, (10)

where dV _l is the volume of bulk product, poured from the scapula when it is rotated through an angle dϕ.

The blade captures a certain amount of material, which in cross section occupies the area F ₁ . When the blade is rotated through an angle ϕ, bulk material in the volume F ₂ L is _{on it} . When the blade is rotated through an angle dϕ, the volume is poured from it

. (11)

. (eleven)

Considering dF as a sector of a circle centered at a point P, we represent it in the form

. (12)

. (12)

Substituting equations (3), (6), (8), (11) and (12) into (10), we obtain

. (13)

. (13)

The integral in equation (13) is not expressed by an elementary function; therefore, it is determined using the formula of parabolic trapezoids

. (14)

. (fourteen)

For any size, the number of blades should be maximum to ensure a high degree of filling of the drum. Due to the fact that the blade profile is close to a circle, the number of blades can be placed on the inner surface of the drum

. (15)

. (fifteen)

Substituting equations (13), (14) and (15) into (9), we obtain

. (16)

. (16)

Having studied the extrema of this function by well-known methods, we find that the maximum value of V _r corresponds to a = 0.54R. The size of the blade a = 0.54R gives the maximum number of particles in suspension when the drum rotates. This is true only for a blade whose profile is described by equation (3). This blade profile is most suitable for drum dryers.

The inventive line operates as follows.

Using a drum dryer-mixer with channel nozzles 1 on the spent kieselguhr of food production, restored by pyrolysis, the ProLam probiotic is applied in a ratio of 1: 0.5 and dried to a moisture content of 14%. In parallel, in the same drum dryer-mixer with channel nozzles (Fig. 1), the enzyme preparation is applied to the spent kieselguhr in food production, restored by pyrolysis.

The application process in a drum dryer-mixer with channel nozzles is as follows. The housing of the drum 1 (Fig. 2, 9) is driven into rotation, and at the same time they begin to load the source material into it (at the loading end of the drum) and supply the coolant in the longitudinal direction. At the same time, the enzyme preparation is dispersed in a dispersed form by means of a pipe with a nozzle for supplying the enzyme preparation 10. Then, the bulk product is captured by the blades 2 and gradually poured into the coolant flow, uniformly distributed over the cross section of the drum, where it is dried. During this period, each particle is washed from all sides by a drying agent, which ensures intense heat and mass transfer. In contact with the coolant is almost all of the bulk material.

Thus, the drum dryer with the blades of the proposed profile ensures uniform distribution of bulk material throughout the internal volume of the drum, and intensify the drying process, due to the maximum number of particles in suspension.

As a result, in a drum dryer-mixer with channel nozzles is carried out:

- agglomeration of solid particles by feed additives by applying dispersed enzyme preparations to them;

- the implementation of the dispersion using a pneumatic acoustic nozzle (not shown);

- the implementation, after applying the enzyme preparations to the particles of the feed product, their subsequent mixing while drying the liquid fraction using for this purpose a drum unit with channel nozzles.

The drum form of the apparatus and the special-shaped blades located on the inner shell of the drum make it possible to achieve uniformity of application of the enzyme preparation and probiotic, as well as effective drying of the mixed mixtures obtained.

Using an inclined drum mixer 4, the kieselguhr enriched with the ProLam probiotic and the kieselguhr enriched with the enzyme preparation are mixed with 10 wt. % crushed cake of amaranth obtained by grinding on a hammer mill 3. Duration of mixing 6 minutes Dosing of components is carried out automatically or remotely on multicomponent weighing batchers of various load capacities (not shown conditionally).

The advantages of the proposed feed additive production line are that

- sequential placement in the line of a drum dryer-mixer with channel nozzles of a hammer crusher and mixer allows to increase the compactness of the line by combining various functions in one device and thereby exclude separate equipment from them from the line.

Claims (1)

A feed additive production line, including equipment for a dry powder production site, a pre-mix preparation site and a finished feed additive preparation site, characterized in that the equipment of the sites is a sequentially installed drum dryer-mixer with channel nozzles, a hammer mill and a mixer, while the drum dryer a mixer with channel nozzles includes a housing, a loading feeder, an unloading hopper, devices for supplying and heating a coolant, a pipe a gadfly with a nozzle for supplying an enzyme preparation, a drive, blades with a curved profile having sections with convex and rectilinear surfaces with through holes.

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