RU121999U1 - FOOD ADDITIVES COOKING LINE - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Line for the preparation of feed additives, including a solution dosing system containing containers and a system for applying solutions to a dry filler, characterized in that the solution dosing system contains a section for the preparation of solutions of nanosized microelements in the form of nanosized iron and selenium particles, on which weighed portions of nanosized iron particles are placed , intended for one of the containers, and a vessel with a solution of nanosized selenium particles, communicated with another container, and a mixing vessel for mixing solutions of nanosized particles of iron and selenium, connected to a system for adding them to a dry filler, including a dry filler mixer with nanosized particles of iron preparations and selenium for obtaining a feed additive, drying ovens for removing moisture from feed additives, a crusher for grinding the feed additive to the stage of obtaining the finished product and feeding it to the packaging area, while the crusher is equipped with a sampling device to control the time measures of particles. ! 2. Line according to claim 1, characterized in that sunflower meal is used as dry filler. ! 3. Line according to claim 1, characterized in that bran is used as a dry filler. ! 4. Line according to claim 1, characterized in that dry beet pulp is used as a dry filler.

Description

The utility model relates to feed production, and in particular to the technology of obtaining feed additives when introducing solutions of nanosized trace elements in a filler based on plant materials.

A known line for the preparation of organic and organomineral additives from waste of plant and animal origin, including two units, conveyors and water supply, and equipped with two-section dispensers of mineral additives, RU No. 111398 U1, A23N 17/00, 12/20/2011.

A known method of processing silage feed with bio-preservatives, including spraying the surface of leaf-stalked feed with an aqueous solution of a bio-preservative, while the surface of the feed treated with a bio-preservative is immediately covered with an unconsolidated layer of straw 8-9 cm thick, eliminating the adverse effects of direct solar insolation and elevated temperatures on bacterial cultures No. 24 of No. 24 C1, A23N 17/00, 02.27.2012.

A known installation for the preparation of premixes and feed mixtures, including a mixer designed for premixes and having a smaller volume, and communicating with it a mixer intended for feed mixtures, loading and unloading devices, while the mixer intended for premixes is a grinder-mixer for primary premixes, and the mixer intended for feed mixtures is a mixer for premixes and feed mixtures, RU No. 2411884 C2, A23N 17/00, 02/20/2011.

A known method of heat treatment of feed, including feeding feed into the receiving hopper, dispensing feed in the dispenser, mixing feed with additives in the mixer and heating to t ° 55-95 ° C, expanding the hot mixture in the expander at t ° to 130-140 ° C, obtaining the mass of the desired shape in the structurator, granulating it in a granulator with the formation of compound feed in the form of granules having an outlet temperature in the range t ° 170-190 ° C, and cooling the granules with atmospheric air in a cooler, RU No. 2366269 C1, A23K 1/00, A23N 17/00, 09/10/2009.

A known production line for the production of feed additives from organic raw materials, including, sequentially connected and technologically connected batchers of feedstock, a reactor equipped with a stirrer, a mixer installed in front of the reactor, a pasteurizer, a dryer and a collector of the finished product, RU No. 51460 U1, A23N 17/00, 02/27/2006.

In known production lines, installations and methods for producing feed and feed additives are not used nanotechnology.

A known plant raw materials processing line is provided with a dryer, a disintegrator for preliminary grinding of dry plant mass, conveyor systems, a feeder installed between the disintegrator and cyclones, a nanodispersant for subsequent grinding of plant materials, a device for injecting a surfactant into a nanodispersant and a classifier for separating the obtained nanocomposite powder of the required size from large particles and the return of large particles to a nanodispersing agent for retrofitting elcheniya and nanopowders, RU №90299 U1, A23N 17/00, 10.01.2010.

It is known that iron nanoparticles have biologically active properties, they are less toxic in comparison with inorganic salts of iron, on the basis of them biologics of a new generation, successfully tested in crop production and animal husbandry, are created, Kovalenko L.V., Folmanis G.E. Biologically active nanopowders of iron // M .: Nauka, 2006. P.124.

It is known that the necessary trace element in feed is iron and the most important indicator of the composition of the chicken diet is the balance of feed in the content of trace elements, namely iron, Pelevin AD, Pelevina GA, Ventsova I.Yu. Compound feeds and their components // M .: DeLiprint, 2008. P.51.

It is known that selenium preparations and selenium-containing feed additives are used in chicken feeding, while the bioavailability of selenium from organic compounds is higher than from inorganic ones, Kuznetsov S., Kuznetsov A. Microelements in animal feeding // Animal husbandry of Russia, 2003. No. 3. S.16-19.

It is known to use selenium as trace elements in feeding poultry, which is necessary to extinguish peroxides during metabolism, to regulate the permeability of cell membranes, to prevent myopathy of the stomach and heart, and fibrous degeneration of the pancreas, but in a strictly fixed size, Fisinin V.I., Egorov I. .A., Okolelova T.M., Imangulov Sh.A. Scientific basis for feeding poultry. // - Sergiev Posad: VNITIP, - 2011. - P.351.

There is a method of increasing the meat productivity of farm animals, which consists in treating feed with a preparation consisting of a suspension of iron nanopowder, and introducing these feeds into the animal ration, RU No. 2440770 C2, A23K 1/00, 01/27/2012.

A device for introducing liquid mixtures into dry feeds is known, including a dosing system for solutions containing containers and a system for adding solutions to dry filler, RU No. 2292194 C1, A23N 17/00, 01/27/2007.

This technical solution was adopted as the "closest analogue" of this utility model.

In the “closest analogue”, a device for introducing liquid mixtures into dry feeds has the ability to introduce liquid feed mixtures with different physicomechanical properties into dry concentrated feeds, mix several viscous liquid components, meter them into dry concentrated feeds and prevent their separation during transportation .

The “closest analogue” does not provide for a qualitative change in feed composition.

The present utility model is based on the solution of a problem that makes it possible to obtain feed additives balanced in the content of microelements, improve the quality of feed additives and increase feed digestibility.

The technical result of this utility model is to perform a plot for preparing solutions of nanosized microelements in the form of nanosized iron and selenium and a mixing tank for these solutions, to connect the mixing tank to a system for introducing solutions of nanosized iron and selenium onto a dry filler, to perform a mixer, ovens, crushers with a sampling device to control particle size.

According to a utility model, this problem is solved due to the fact that the line for preparing feed additives includes a dosing system of solutions containing containers and a system for adding solutions to a dry filler.

The solution dosing system contains a site for preparing solutions of nanosized microelements in the form of nanosized iron and selenium, on which weighed portions of nanosized iron are intended for one of the containers, and a vessel with a solution of nanosized selenium communicated with another container.

The solution dispensing system contains a mixing tank for mixing solutions of nanosized iron and selenium.

The mixing tank is connected to a system for introducing solutions onto a dry filler.

The system for adding solutions to the dry filler includes a dry filler mixer with nanosized iron and selenium preparations to obtain a feed additive, drying ovens to remove moisture from feed additives, a grinder for grinding the feed additive to the stage of obtaining the finished product and feeding it to the packaging site.

In this case, the crusher is equipped with a sampling device for controlling particle sizes.

In addition, as a dry filler used sunflower

meal

In addition, bran was used as a dry filler.

In addition, dry beet pulp was used as a dry filler.

The applicant has not identified sources containing information about the technical solution that is identical to the characteristics given in the formula of this utility model, this determines, according to the applicant, the utility model meets the criterion of “novelty”.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated in the drawing, which shows a diagram of the line for the preparation of feed additives.

The feed additives preparation line contains:

The system of dispensing and supplying solutions - 1,

capacity (system 1) - 2,

capacity (systems 1) - 3.

The plot for the preparation of solutions of nanoscale iron and selenium (system 1) - 4,

samples of nanoscale iron (in section 4) - 5,

a vessel with a solution of nanoscale selenium (in section 4) - 6.

Mixing tank (systems 1) - 7.

The system of making solutions - 8,

dry filler (system 8) - 9.

Mixer (systems 8) - 10.

Drying ovens (systems 8) - 11.

Crusher (system 8) - 12,

a sampling device for controlling particle size (from the crusher 12) - 13.

Packing area (system 8) - 14.

The feed additives preparation line includes a dosing and feeding system of solutions 1 and a system of introducing solutions 8 onto a dry filler 9.

The dosing and feeding system of solutions 1 contains containers 2 and 3 for solutions, a preparation section 4 for preparing solutions of nanosized trace elements in the form of nanosized iron and selenium, and a mixing tank 7 for mixing solutions of nanosized iron and selenium.

At the site of preparation of solutions of 4 nanosized iron and selenium, weighed portions of nanosized iron 5 and a vessel with a solution of nanosized selenium 6 were placed.

Samples of nanosized iron 5 are intended for capacity 2, and a vessel with a solution of nanosized selenium 6 is connected with capacity 3.

The mixing tank 7 is connected to the system of making 8 solutions to the dry filler 9.

The system for introducing 8 solutions of nanosized iron and selenium onto a dry filler 9 includes a mixer 10 of dry filler with nanosized preparations of iron and selenium to obtain a feed additive, drying ovens 11 to remove moisture from feed additives, a grinder 12 for grinding the feed additive to the stage of obtaining the finished product and feed to the packaging site 14.

The crusher 12 is equipped with a sampling device 13 for controlling particle sizes.

As a dry filler used sunflower meal or bran, or dry beet pulp.

Obtaining feed additives is as follows.

Solutions of nanoscale preparations of iron and selenium are prepared.

A portion of 5 nanosized iron obtained by low-temperature hydrogen reduction is introduced into a container 2 and dissolved in distilled water, mixing evenly, a solution with a given concentration of iron from 1 g / l to 10 g / l is obtained.

A solution of nanosized selenium obtained by converting inorganic selenium into an aqueous medium by injection under the influence of a high-power laser pulse is placed in a vessel 6.

From vessel 6, a solution of nanosized selenium is introduced into a container 3 with distilled water, and a uniform distribution of selenium particles is achieved by mixing a solution of nanosized selenium to obtain solutions with a given selenium concentration from 0.01 mg / L to 0.1 mg / L.

From tanks 2 and 3, solutions of nanosized iron and selenium are metered into a mixing tank 7 for mixing these solutions.

From the mixing tank 7, mixed solutions of nanosized iron and selenium are applied in an even layer on the surface of the dry filler 9 (sunflower meal or bran, or dry beet pulp) transported along a conveyor (not shown).

Solutions of nanosized iron and selenium with specified concentrations are mixed with filler 9 (sunflower meal or bran, or dry beet pulp) in mixer 10 (mixer CM-15), a feed additive is prepared and laid out on trays (not shown).

In the drying cabinets 11 (drying cabinets RT-ShS) trays are imported and the feed additive is dried. Drying is carried out by air-thermal method at a temperature of from 55 ° C to 60 ° C for 9 hours to a final moisture content of 7.0-7.2%.

After drying, the feed additive is sent for grinding to the grinder 12 (feed crusher DKR-3). The feed additive is ground to a powder state or in the form of grains (depending on the particle size of the feedstock) and served on the packaging site 14.

The particle size of the feed additive is controlled using a sampling device 13 from the crusher 12.

Characterization of the particle sizes of nanoscale iron and selenium and their distribution is carried out by transmission electron microscopy.

The use of feed additives obtained with the introduction of iron nanoparticles and with the introduction of selenium in nanoform, confirm examples 1 and 2

Example 1

Feed additives with iron nanoparticles.

Using the obtained iron nanoparticles on the basis of BIOTROF LLC, samples of feed additives based on crushed sunflower meal were prepared. Feed additives included iron nanoparticles in concentrations of 0.3, 0.75, 1.5, 3.0 g / kg. Tests of feed additives were carried out in vivarium of the State Unitary Enterprise "Zagorsk EPH VNITIP" of the Russian Agricultural Academy on chickens broilers of the cross Cobb Avian 48. To carry out the experiment at the age of 5 days, 5 groups of chickens were formed (by the analogue method), 35 animals each.

Broiler chickens were raised from daily to 35 days old in Big Dutchman cell batteries. All groups of broiler chickens were fed dry loose feed. According to the experimental design, a feed additive containing finely divided iron was included in the feed at the rate of 1 kg / t. The experimental design is presented in Table 1. In the course of the research, the following was determined: the safety of the livestock; live weight of broilers at the daily and 35 days of age; feed consumption; feed costs per unit of increase in live weight of broilers; blood analysis; digestibility and use of nutrients of compound feeds.

Meat quality indicators were also determined (meat quality of chickens, content of elements in fat-free tibia, content of nitrogen, fat and amino acids in leg and pectoral muscles; content of vitamins A, E and B2 in the liver).

Statistical data processing was performed by analysis of variance. The data obtained were analyzed by the arithmetic mean value between the mass of hens and males, given the different number of hens and males in groups.

The test results for zootechnical indicators are given in table.2. Poultry waste during the experiment (one head in groups 1 and 2) was not associated with feed factors. All experimental groups of chickens exceeded the 1st control group in live weight, but they were significantly higher in chickens of the 3rd and 4th groups (p≤0.05). In these groups, feed costs per 1 kg of live weight gain were lower by 1.2 and 0.6%, respectively, than in the first control.

It should be noted that in modern poultry farming, a decrease in feed costs of even 0.5% is significant, especially for broiler chickens with a fast production cycle.

Example 2

Feed additives with selenium nanoparticles

Broiler chickens were raised from day old to 35 days old in Big Dutchman cell batteries. All groups of broiler chickens were fed with dry loose compound feeds. The diet of chickens was balanced in nutrients in accordance with the norms of VNITIP. According to the experimental design, feed additives containing selenium in nanoform were included in feed at the rate of 1 kg / t.

In the course of the research, the following was determined: the safety of the livestock; live weight of broilers in the daily and 35-day ages; feed consumption; feed costs per unit of increase in live weight of broilers; digestibility and use of nutrients of compound feeds. Statistical data processing was performed by analysis of variance. The analysis of the obtained data on live weight was carried out according to the arithmetic mean value between the mass of hens and males, taking into account the different number of hens and males in groups.

The results of studies on broiler chickens are presented in Table 3.

From Table 3 it can be seen that the safety of the chickens fed with food with nasalen was at the level of the control group or exceeded it in the variant with the concentration of nasalen = 0.001 mg / kg of feed.

It was noted that the live weight of the chickens of the experimental groups was higher throughout the experiment, reaching maximum values in the variant with a concentration of Se = 0.01 mg / kg.

It was established that the feed costs for the increase in 1 kg of live weight were significantly lower in the experimental variants than in the control, which indicates a higher feed conversion in the body of chickens fed with selenium in nanoform.

The results obtained are confirmed by digestibility data. The average daily gain in live weight of the chickens of the experimental groups also significantly exceeded the control indicator (59.8 g).

The test results showed that selenium in the nanoform is non-toxic for the broiler chickens and contributes to an increase in zootechnical indicators, which indicates its positive effect on the body of chickens.

The results showed that the norms for introducing selenium in nanoform into chicken feed are significantly lower than traditional ones (0.2 g / t).

The conducted studies suggest that the use of feed additives, including selenium in the nanoform, is promising for the feed industry and the poultry industry.

Feed additives obtained according to the proposed line contain a complex of iron and selenium nanoparticles, which has high penetration, due to their high surface activity, and affects intracellular metabolism, stimulating various processes in poultry, are relevant for the feed industry and poultry farming.

The implementation of section 4 of the preparation of solutions of nanosized iron and selenium and a mixing tank 7, the introduction of solutions of nanosized iron and selenium on a dry filler 9 and mixing in a mixer 10 ensures the production of feed additives balanced in trace elements, which increase the digestibility of feed.

The presence of drying cabinets 11, crushers 12 and sampling devices 13 for particle size control improves the quality of feed additives.

The proposed feed additives preparation line contains well-known equipment used in feed production and is based on well-known biotechnologies that are widely used in agriculture, and the study of pilot batches of feed additives on farms of the Leningrad Region determine, according to the applicant, the line for preparation of feed additives meets the criterion " industrial applicability. "

Table 1. Broiler Chicken Experience Scheme Group Diet (OR - total diet) 1st control OR - balanced in nutrients in accordance with the norms of VNITIP; iron in the form of an inorganic compound was added at the rate of 40 g of the element per 1 ton of feed 2nd experienced OR with the replacement of inorganic iron sulphate ferrous seven-water preparation based on iron nanoparticles in a dosage of 3 g / t 3rd experienced The same dosage of 1.5 g / t 4th experienced The same dosage of 0.75 g / t 5th experienced Same dosage 0.3 g / t

Table 2. The main zootechnical indicators of broiler cultivation in groups 1-5 Indicator one 2 3 four 5 Preservation,% 97.1 97.1 100.0 100.0 100.0 Live weight 1 goal., G Per diem 48 48 48 48 48 35 days 1772.3 1817.0 1866.6 1864.4 1843.6 Hens 1622.5 ± 28 1689.0 ± 25 1724.0 ± 30 1720.5 ± 21 1682.5 ± 32 Cockerels 1922.1 ± 34 1945.0 ± 35 2009.2 ± 34 2008.2 ± 31 2004.6 ± 36 Daily gain, g 49.27 50.54 51.96 51.9 51.3 The cost of feed per 1 kg of gain in live weight for 35 days, kg 1.67 1.66 1.65 1.66 1.67 Percentage of control 100.0 99.4 98.8 99.4 100.0

Table 3. The main zootechnical indicators of broilers obtained in the experiment with selenium in nanoform. Indicator Group 1 to 2 3 four Se = 0.1 mg / kg Se = 0.01 mg / kg Se = 0.001 mg / kg The safety of the livestock,% 98.0 98.0 98.0 100.0 Live weight, g in age, days: day 40 40 40 40 7 155 ± 3 155 ± 3 162 ± 2 160 ± 3 21 809 ± 7 823 ± 8 831 ± 9 820 ± 10 35 average 2134 2245 2267 2242 cockerels 2221 ± 36 2360 ± 38 2346 ± 32 2332 ± 37 hens 2047 ± 30 2130 ± 27 2188 ± 29 2162 ± 33 The cost of feed per 1 goal, kg 3,455 3,550 3,560 3,520 The cost of feed per 1 kg of increase in live weight, kg 1.65 1,61 1,60 1,60 The average daily gain in live weight 59.8 63.0 63.6 62.9 Digestibility of protein,% 87.7 88.9 99,4 99.0 Availability, %: nitrogen 50.7 51.6 52.0 51.9 lysine 84.2 85.1 86.0 85.7 methionine 82,4 83.1 83.7 83.0 calcium 38.5 39.0 38.9 39.0 phosphorus 30.7 31,0 31,4 31.7

Claims (4)

1. The line for preparing feed additives, including a solution dispensing system, containing containers and a system for adding solutions to a dry filler, characterized in that the solution dispensing system contains a section for preparing solutions of nanosized microelements in the form of nanosized iron and selenium particles, on which weighed portions of nanosized iron particles intended for one of the containers, and a vessel with a solution of nano-sized particles of selenium communicated with another container, and a mixing tank for mixing thieves of nanosized particles of iron and selenium connected to a dry filler system including a dry filler mixer with nanosized particles of iron and selenium preparations to obtain a feed additive, drying cabinets to remove moisture from feed additives, a crusher to grind the feed additive to the finished preparation stage product and feed to the packaging site, while the crusher is equipped with a sampling device to control particle size. 2. The line according to claim 1, characterized in that the sunflower meal is used as a dry filler. 3. The line according to claim 1, characterized in that bran is used as a dry filler. 4. The line according to claim 1, characterized in that the dry beet pulp is used as a dry filler.