RU2556724C2 - Production line of combined feed additives and premixes - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture and can be used in the combined feed industry. The line comprises three series-connected sites: the site of premix preparation, the site of preparation of feed additive or premix, the site of packaging the final feed additive or premix. The site of premix preparation comprises a device for crushing and drying the components of the initial mixture, which is connected to the units for micromilling the component feed mixture and the microgranulator of the site of preparation of feed additive or premix. The site of preparation of feed additive or premix is connected to the site of packaging the final feed additive or premix.

EFFECT: use of the invention enables to improve the quality of premixes and feed additives by improving the uniformity of distribution of the components mixed and the accuracy of dosing of microelements, as well as ensuring uniform particle size distribution.

3 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agriculture and can be used in the feed industry for the production of 0.1-0.5% feed additives and premixes based on microporous sorbent.

Premix is a type of feed or feed additive, not intended for direct feeding of animals. According to the current edition of GOST R 51848-2001 "Feed products. Terms and Definitions":

- feed additive is “Natural and / or artificial substances or their mixtures introduced into the feed, protein (amido) -vitamin-mineral concentrates in small quantities in order to improve their consumer properties and / or maintain quality”;

- premix - “Feed additive, which is a homogeneous mixture of microcomponents and filler, intended for the enrichment of animal feed and protein (amido) -vitamin-mineral concentrates”;

- premix filler - “Fodder product used as a medium for the uniform distribution of the microcomponents of animal feed products”;

- a component of animal feed products - “Technologically prepared component of animal feed products”;

- a microcomponent of mixed feed products - “A component introduced into the composition of mixed feed products in microdoses”.

The prior art various methods and lines for producing premixes and feed additives.

So, there is a known method for producing premix SU No. 1472045 A1, IPC A23K 1/16, 04/15/1989. The aim of the invention is to improve the quality and reduce the cost of the premix. Wood raw materials (wood chips, sawdust of coniferous and deciduous species) are dried to a moisture content of 5-8%, ground and a fraction of 0.1-0.3 mm is used as a filler for premixes introduced into compound feeds intended for farm animals. The sorption capacity of a filler of wood flour with particles of 0.1-0.3 mm in vitamin B _{2 is} higher than that of bran, and is 92-96% versus 80-85%. Its bulk density reaches 220-232 kg / m ³ , humidity 5.0-8.0%. The use of wood flour with a particle size of less than 0.1 mm leads to a significant increase in energy consumption for grinding with a slight increase in sorption capacity, which is for wood flour with a particle size of 0.08 mm 96.5%. The use of wood flour with a size of more than 0.3 mm leads to a decrease in sorption capacity, which for wood flour with a particle size of 0.5 mm is 88.0%, for 0.8 mm - 86.0%. Mixing is carried out in two stages, in the first of which vitamins and trace elements are mixed with 5.0-10.0% of a filler having a sorption capacity of 92.0-96.0%, and the remaining 80.0-92.0% is introduced in the second filler and antibiotics and mixed until a homogeneous mass.

A known plant raw material processing line is provided with a dryer, a disintegrator for preliminary grinding of dry plant mass, conveyor systems, a feeder installed between the disintegrator and cyclones, a nanodispersant for subsequent grinding of the plant material, a device for injecting a surfactant into a nanodispersant and a classifier for separating the obtained nanocomposite powder of the required size from large particles and the return of large particles to a nanodispersing agent for retrofitting elcheniya and nanopowders, RU 90299 U1, A23N 17/00, 10.01.2010.

Also known is a three-stage method for preparing premixes RU No. 2485796 C1, IPC A23K 1/16, A23N17 / 00, 06/27/2013. In the premix preparation method, several groups of pre-metered and prepared ingredients are mixed, starting with small doses of micro-ingredients, followed by mixing with large doses of micro-ingredients and a filler. A mixture of microingredients with a filler is prepared with dosing in a ratio of 1: 1 to 1:10 in a fluidized state. Pre-prepared mixtures and the filler are refined with simultaneous drying to the required condition. The final preparation of the premix is carried out by dispersive mixing in a countercurrent mixer and is subjected to ultrasonic vibrations with a frequency of 20–40 kHz and a power of 200–300 W / kg. The method is as follows. All the necessary micro-ingredients of premixes are divided (by quantity) into three groups: Micro, Medium and Macro. Serially dosed portions of biologically active substances are mixed with the filler, crushed and disinfected with ultrasonic vibrations. The Micro group of additives includes microingredients with a norm of input per 1 ton of premix from 0.1 to 0.5 kg. Their total amount can be 5 ÷ 10 kg. To the group of additives "Medium" - with a norm of input from 0.5 to 25 kg, in the total mass their quantity is 10 ÷ 60 kg, and to the group of additives "Macro" - with a norm of input of more than 25 kg (a total of 120 ÷ 180 kg ) For microingredients of the Micro and Medium groups, to increase the accuracy of dosing, piezoelectric transformers are applicable as primary sensors, with each group of additives being introduced into the corresponding vertical type mixer with a fluidized mixing method in a ratio with the filler of at least 1: 1 (i.e. filler up to 50%) and not more than 1:10 (filler is 90%). After mixing, the pre-mix of the Micro group filler is fed into the mixer of a correspondingly larger volume for additives of the Medium group, and then, after mixing the mixture of the Micro group, the micro-ingredients of the Medium group with the filler are fed into the horizontal countercurrent mixer of the Macro group . Either piezoelectric transformers or strain gauges are used as sensors for dispensing Macro additives. Dosed additives and filler are fed into a horizontal mixer of countercurrent mixing to an already prepared mixture of filler and microingredients of the Micro and Medium groups. Thus, after mixing a portion of the filler pre-mixture with the Micro micro-ingredients group, they are transferred through the dispenser of the Srednye group, where its weight is monitored and taken into account and the required portion of the filler, required to the ratios established above between the micro-ingredients and the filler, is added to the mixer of the Macro group . The finished mixture is subjected to ultrasonic treatment with a frequency of 20 ÷ 40 kHz with a power of 200 ÷ 300 W / kg for the purpose of its drying, regrinding and disinfection from microorganisms. To simplify the process of preparing the filler and hygroscopic microingredients after preparing the preliminary mixture of filler and microingredients of the Micro and Medium groups, the mixture is passed through a grinder with a sieve providing the necessary grinding module. Also, filler is passed through this crusher and fed into the mixer of the Macro group. That is, ultimately the entire filler passes through the crusher and is subjected to ultrasonic processing. At the same time, as confirmed by laboratory studies, not only the required normalization of the mixture by fractional composition takes place in the crusher, but also the mixture is heated to 7-15 ° C and its drying - moisture removal up to 2%. Thus, additional grinding of the mass after the mixer allows both hygroscopic microingredients and a filler (for example, bran) to be prepared for use, transportation and storage.

Known line for the preparation of feed additives RU No. 121999 U1, IPC A23N 17/00, 11/20/2012. The line relates to the technology of obtaining feed additives when introducing solutions of nanosized trace elements in the filler based on plant materials. The line includes a system for dispensing and supplying solutions and a system for adding solutions to a dry filler. The application system includes a dry filler mixer with liquid nanoscale preparations of iron and selenium to obtain a feed additive, drying cabinets to remove moisture from the feed additives, a grinder for grinding the feed additive to the stage of obtaining the finished product and feeding it to the packaging site. The crusher is equipped with a sampling device to control particle size. The technical solution allows to obtain feed additives balanced in the content of trace elements, to improve the quality of feed additives and to increase the digestibility of feed. As a dry filler used sunflower meal, bran or dry beet pulp.

In addition, there is a known installation for preparing premixes, including two vertically mounted mixers that communicate with each other and have internal mixing bodies, a loading device, an unloading device and a control unit, characterized in that one of the mixers intended for premixes has a smaller volume, than the other, installed with the possibility of rotation, is a centrifuge in the form of a truncated cone, at the base of which a damper is installed, and its mixing working body has the form of shovels and, and the mixer intended for feed mixtures is fixedly mounted, its mixing working element is installed on the bottom and made in the form of a truncated cone with a screw guide and a screw blade, while in the bottom of this mixer there is a hole communicated by an unloading device made in the form located under a truncated cone of rotating blades, with a receiving tank for the finished product, in addition, the mixers are interconnected by means of a spiral-screw conveyor and mounted on the frame (RU No. 2289974 C 1, IPC A23N 17/00, 12/27/2006).

The closest analogue to the patented solution is the production line of feed additives based on zeolite RU No. 2484640 C1, IPC A23K 1/00, 06/20/2013. The line includes three sections: a section for producing a dry powder of copper methioninate, consisting of a reactor, a heat exchanger-recuperator, and a spray dryer; pre-mix preparation section, consisting of a fan, a grease oven with a heating jacket, a pump and a mixer with nozzles for pre-mixing heated fat, zeolite and antioxidant; the preparation of the finished feed additive, consisting of a mixer and a strain gauge hopper; as well as a refrigerating vapor compressor installation, including a compressor, a two-section condenser with two parallel connected sections, a thermostatic valve, an evaporator operating in a closed thermodynamic cycle; wherein the drying agent for spray drying the suspension of copper methioninate is heated in one of the sections of the condenser and fed to the spray dryer with a fan, the spent drying agent after drying is first fed to preheating the suspension of copper methioninate in the heat exchanger-recuperator, and then for drying into the evaporator of the refrigeration unit and then, in closed-loop mode, they are returned to the condenser section, the feed fat is heated with “hot water” heated in another section of the two-section condenser, and continuously it is fed by a pump to the grease tank with return in closed-loop mode to the condenser section.

The disadvantages of the known lines for the production of premixes and feed additives are that all known lines are quite material intensive due to the presence of separate intermediate devices (bins, dispensers, scales, mixers, etc.) for each premix component. Also, all of the above methods and production lines solve only part of the technical problems encountered in the production of high-quality and highly effective premixes and feed additives. The main purpose of the premix is to ensure the accuracy of dosing of microcomponents and their uniform distribution in the mass of the final feed, guaranteeing the presence of the optimal amount of trace elements in the daily diet of an adult animal or even a small chicken (20 grams). Calculations show that the smaller the particles of the microcomponent and its carrier (filler) introduced into the feed as part of premixes, the better. However, particles smaller than 100 microns have the properties of "bound" particles. The forces of intermolecular interaction and the forces due to the charges of static electricity begin to prevail over the forces of gravity. In addition, particles acquire the ability to soar in the air. Small particles will either be carried away into the aspiration system or stick to the internal surfaces of the equipment (A. Spesivtsev, A. Antipov. Practical issues in the production of premixes. - “Fodder”, No. 6, 2010, p. 54-58).

The present utility model is based on the solution of a problem that makes it possible to obtain premixes and feed additives balanced in terms of micronutrient content, improve the quality of premixes and feed additives, and increase the manufacturability of their further use in the production of animal feed. In addition, the objective of the claimed utility model is the creation of a production line of micro-granulated 0.1-0.5% feed additives and premixes, including, in addition to mineral and organic sorbents of toxins (including mycotoxins), the exact amount of biologically active substances, the content of which in daily diets of farm animals and poultry should be no more than 0.05%.

The technical result of the patented utility model is to reduce the material consumption of the line and reduce the loss of components due to the use of a smaller number of intermediate devices in it compared to the known lines: bins, dispensers, weights and mixers. In addition, the technical result is the provision of a given size of microspheres from 0.4 to 1.5 mm, improving the quality and balance of premixes and feed additives for the content of trace elements by ensuring high uniformity and improving the distribution on porous microparticles of a carrier sorbent of a given amount of biologically active substances, their exact dosage and mixing with a degree of variation lower than in the known premix production lines.

It is the claimed combination of means that allows you to combine the processes of ultrafine grinding of different premix, initial size, hardness, plasticity of heterogeneous (organic and mineral) premix components and micro granulation of these micronized components without loss of microparticles of biologically active substances and without reducing the uniformity of the final product.

The claimed technical result is achieved through the use of a feed additive or premix production line containing three serially connected sections: a premix preparation section, a feed additive or premix preparation section, a packaging section of a finished feed additive or premix preparation, a premix preparation section includes a hydrolysis lignin hopper, a hopper for feed yeast, a hopper for zeolite and a container for a binder, while the hopper for hydrolysis lignin is connected to the drying and grinding wood raw material, which is a device for grinding and drying hydrolytic lignin, which consists of a bed with a hammer activator, a feed channel for wet wood chips and sawdust with a flow reflector, a stone trap, a hot air supply channel, an activation chamber and an unloading channel connected to the hopper for lignin of the hydrolysis section of the preparation of the feed mixture or premix, which contains from one to three micronizing devices with a feed hopper for purified hydrolysis lignin, biome assy of feed yeast, zeolite associated with the respective bunkers of the pre-mix preparation section, an aspiration system for collecting fine dust, and devices for micro-grinding the mixture components through the container are connected to a micro granulator, which is a fluidized bed apparatus that acts as a mixer, granulator and premix dryer or feed mill additives, and is connected to the binder container, the output of the micro granulator is connected to the hopper of the packaging and packaging of the feed additive or premix, cat ing includes a hopper for collecting the finished product, hopper scales, packaging line.

Introduction to the line of a device for micronization and a microgranulator will more evenly distribute the components of the feed additive mixture and obtain microgranules of a given size.

In this case, the microgranulator may contain a device for processing powdered material and can be performed with a computer control unit and registration of process parameters, which will automate the process and ensure accurate dosing of components.

Further, the solution is illustrated by a block diagram of a premix or feed additive production line using the example of the production of additives based on hydrolysis lignin.

The line includes a pre-mix preparation section, which contains a hopper 1 for hydrolysis lignin, a hopper 2 for fodder yeast, a hopper 3 for zeolite and a container 4 for a binder, at the outlet of each hopper there are installed sensors 5 for controlling the quality of insoluble raw materials (humidity, particle size distribution, etc. .), at the output of the tank 4, sensors 6 for controlling the quality of the liquid binder (concentration, viscosity, pH, temperature, etc.) are installed.

Hydrolytic lignin from bin 1 enters the drying and pre-grinding plant for wood raw materials of type AC-4 (manufacturer - SpiCo company, Pskov), which includes a device 7 for grinding and drying hydrolysis lignin. The device 7 consists of a bed with a hammer activator, a feed channel for wet wood chips and sawdust with a flow reflector, stone trap, a hot air supply channel, with a plate flow stabilizer and a discharge channel. Device 7 is used for the pretreatment of plant materials (including sawdust, hydrolysis lignin, odubina, cellolignin, wood bark). In particular, on it, hydrolysis lignin from dumps with a moisture content of 60-75% is cleaned of large mechanical impurities due to mechanical sorting when loaded into the installation, of small mechanical stones - due to the organization of the cross-flow of raw materials and hot air. With further movement, a mixture of hydrolytic lignin and hot air enters the activation chamber, also mounted on a bed. The hammer activator breaks up lumps of hydrolysis lignin to sizes of 1-10 mm, and the classifier passes 10-30% hydrolyzed lignin, cleaned of sand and dried to a moisture content, into the discharge channel, from which the hydrolysis lignin enters hopper 8 for hydrolysis lignin of the prepared feed mixture preparation area premix, and the dusty fraction is fed into the aspiration system 9.

Also, the preparation of the finished feed mixture or premix contains from one to three micronizing devices 11 with a feed hopper 10 for purified hydrolysis lignin, biomass of feed yeast, zeolite, associated with the respective bunkers of the pre-mix preparation section, an aspiration system 12 for collecting fine dust. The components from the hoppers 10 are fed into the corresponding devices 11 for micronizing to particle sizes of 20-150 microns.

The device for micronizing is a device of the type "MICROXYLEM - DM" (manufacturer - factory "Techpribor", Shchekino) and includes a combined mill-heater "S.A.M.P.O. 2012 "(A.B. Lipilin, N.V. Korenyugina, KL Kosarev, AM Morozov. Fine grinding and kinetic drying in a vortex mill-heater. - Scientific and technical and industrial journal" Building Materials ", June 2012 with .55-59). The heating mill as a part of the device operates as a vortex mill-dryer for drying and micronizing fibrous plant materials (including waste from various industries - wood sawdust, hydrolysis lignin, odubina, cellolignin, wood bark, beet pulp, cocoa shell), organic materials ( including feed yeast) and natural mineral sorbents (in particular, zeolites-aluminosilicates containing water; montmorillonite). In particular, the hydrolysis lignin pretreated on the AC-4 unit with a particle size of 1-10 mm and a moisture content of 30% is ground to a fine powder with a particle size of 20-150 microns and a moisture content of 5-10%. In particular, fodder yeast with a particle size of up to 3 mm and a moisture content of 8-14% and fossil montmorillonite - a fraction with a particle size of 0.1-1 mm and a moisture content of 4-8%, when co-milled, form a fine powder with particle sizes of 20-150 microns and humidity of 6-8%.

Next, from the devices 11 for micronizing, the components of the mixture enter the container 13 and are loaded into the microgranulator 14, which also contains the binder from the tank 6.

As a micro granulator, a Ventilus type micro granulator can be used (manufacturer - INNOJET HERBERT HUETTLIN, Germany), which is a fluidized bed apparatus that acts as a mixer, granulator and dryer of a finished product - premix or feed additive. The microgranulator 14 has a computer unit for controlling and recording process parameters. A feature of the Ventilus-type installation is the availability of a device for processing powdered material, which is sucked into the apparatus body due to the created vacuum, forms a suspended layer, mixes intensively, granulates with the introduction of a binder solution and is dried to give strength to the granules; subsequent processing of granules by re-wetting and drying is possible. When processing powdered material by this technology, they strive to ensure the obtaining of a maximum uniform result, i.e. during granulation - the production of granules with an exceptionally narrow particle size distribution, and when applying the coating - applying to all particles of the coating in the installation as uniformly as possible, i.e. primarily a layer of constant thickness. Uncontrolled random movement of particles of the processed material moistened with a moisturizing and usually sticky sprayed liquid leads to particles sticking together to form unwanted agglomerates. This microgranulator will provide a strictly defined character of the movement of particles in a toroidally rotating stream of the processed material to obtain the optimal result of its processing with a binder solution entering the center of the toroidal stream through an annular slotted nozzle. In this case, it is possible to provide an exceptionally effective supply of an additional exact amount of a substance, in particular, soluble trace elements, in the form of a solution through a nozzle. When forming a spray of a sprayed liquid, it can be directly centered on it, for example, to supply a powder that adheres firmly to the liquid moistened by the sprayed nozzle and thereby become the adhesive surface of the particles of the processed material. In this way, it is possible to ensure a rapid increase in the thickness of the coating layer applied to the particles of the processed material. Biologically active substances that are sensitive to moisture are fed into the apparatus in the form of a powder. In this case, only the “sticky” substance is sprayed through the annular slit nozzle. In particular, for the production of the sorbent of mycotoxins of the Norditox ™ feed additive, the required amount of micronized hydrolytic lignin, micronized feed yeast and micronized zeolite are loaded into the apparatus body, and a solution of carboxymethyl cellulose is supplied through the nozzle as a binder. In the manufacture of the feed additive Norditox-M, together with micronized powder, the required amount of the powdered enzyme preparation is loaded into the apparatus body. In the production of 0.2% mineral premix-sorbent of Mycotoxins Norditox-M, the required amount of biologically active trace elements in soluble chelate form (iron, manganese, copper, zinc, cobalt and selenium) is introduced together with a binder.

Samples are taken from the microgranulator 14 at the end of the microgranulation cycle to control moisture, granule size and the amount of dust in the feed additive. Upon reaching the normative values of these indicators, the additive is unloaded from the microgranulator 14 and fed to the hopper 15 at the packaging and packaging of finished products.

The section for packaging and packaging of finished products contains the required number of bins 15, each of which has sufficient capacity for temporary storage of one batch of the finished product, and installation 16 for packaging and packaging of finished products.

The patented line, in particular, allows to obtain feed additives and premixes of the Norditox trademark:

Norditox ™ mycotoxin sorbent Norditox-M 0.2% mineral premix sorbent of mycotoxins Norditox-E enzyme preparation that hydrolyzes non-starchy polysaccharides due to enzymes immobilized on a microporous sorbent carrier Norditox-IEC complex multi-enzyme preparation containing several enzyme preparations, including those immobilized on a microporous sorbent carrier Norditox-S selenium-containing sorbent of mycotoxins Norditox-SE selenium-containing enzyme preparation hydrolyzing non-starchy polysaccharides due to enzymes immobilized on a microporous sorbent carrier Norditox-SEB selenium, enzyme and betulin-containing premix sorbent of mycotoxins

and other feed additives with a uniform distribution on a porous microparticles of the sorbent carrier of a given amount of biologically active substances, including those with targeted preventive action.

Claims (3)

1. The feed additive or premix production line, characterized in that it contains three series-connected sections: pre-mix preparation section, feed additive or premix preparation section, finished feed additive or premix preparation section, wherein the premix preparation section includes a hydrolysis lignin hopper, a hopper for fodder yeast, a hopper for zeolite and a container for a binder, and the hopper for hydrolysis lignin is connected to the drying and preliminary grinding of wood raw materials I, which is a device for grinding and drying hydrolysis lignin and consists of a bed with a hammer activator, a feed channel for wet chips and sawdust with a flow reflector, a stone trap, a hot air supply channel, an activation chamber and an unloading channel connected to the lignin hopper of the hydrolysis section preparation of the feed mixture or premix, which contains from one to three micronizing devices with a feed hopper for purified hydrolysis lignin, biomass of feed yeast, zeolite, associated connected with the respective bunkers of the pre-mix preparation section, an aspiration system for collecting fine dust, and devices for micro-grinding the mixture components through the container are connected to a micro granulator, which is a fluidized bed apparatus that acts as a mixer, granulator and dryer of a premix or animal feed additive, and is connected to a container for the binder, the output of the micro granulator is connected to the hopper of the packaging and packaging of the feed additive or premix, which includes a hopper for collecting finished roduktsii, hopper scales, packaging line. 2. The line according to claim 1, characterized in that the microgranulator is made with a computer unit for controlling and recording process parameters. 3. The line according to claim 2, characterized in that the microgranulator contains a device for processing powdered material.