RU2641554C1 - Bottom of the block with ore vibro outlet - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: bottom includes a hauling, ventilating, trenching and loading-and-delivering chambers with chambers of the operator of development. The end of the loading and delivery output is taken out under the trench and their conjugation is formed in the form of an upwardly expanding receiving chamber. Ventilation production is carried out in parallel with a pulling chamber near the end of the operator's chambers above their roof. Ventilation production is supplied with the loading and delivery through the vent wells, which provide the necessary supply of fresh air due to general mine depression. The overlap of the ventilation wells regulates the consumption of fresh air in separate sections and, in general, for the mine workings.

EFFECT: improvement of conditions, improving security and productivity in bottom blocks with ore vibro-outlet, ore extraction cost reduction can be achieved by increasing the height of the visor, the rational arrangement of ventilation and it's formulation reliable aerodynamic messages from visitors and cargo delivery works the bottoms.

2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to mining, namely to mining underground, and can find application in the development of powerful deposits.

A known design of the bottom of the treatment unit of the unit, including the recoil mine, in the roof of which there are delivery chambers of vibratory feeders, turning into ventilation workings, which are knocked down with a ventilation riser, on the both sides of the delivery chamber there are outlet workings with ore receiving funnels knocked together at the cutting horizon [1 ].

The main disadvantages of this bottom design are as follows:

- the impact of vibrational disturbances of the feeder on the ore being produced is not direct and practically does not affect the output, which leads to the frequent formation of arches of ore hanging in output workings, downtime of feeders during the elimination of freezes and a significant decrease in labor productivity in ore production and loading;

- the elimination of hangs in an explosive way is accompanied by the destruction of the output workings and an increase in their size, which leads to the overlapping of the delivery chamber cross section by the rock mass and, consequently, to a deterioration in the ventilation of workplaces, an increase in downtime for ventilation, a decrease in labor productivity at the outlet and loading.

Closest to the proposed solution on the set of essential features relating to the structural elements of the bottoms of the blocks, is the bottom of the block according to the copyright certificate of the USSR for invention No. 916758, IPC E21C 41/06, publ. in BI No. 12, 1982, including a retraction, trench, loading and delivery and ventilation workings, ventilation faults, moreover, the ventilation work is located above the return and higher trench, and the loading and working workings pass from the trench.

This bottom design has significant drawbacks discussed below.

1. In the bottoms with modern vibratory feeders up to 7.0 m long, the location of the ventilation outlet above the outlet and above the trench structurally limits the thickness (m _c.v ) of the pillar between the ventilation _outlet and the side of the trench with a value of no more than (2.3 ÷ 2.6) m , such a thickness of the pillar leads to the destruction of the ventilation output by explosions to form a trench and breaking the ore in the chamber, as well as by seismic impacts when pieces of ore hit the side of the trench, which requires reliable fastening of the excavation and increases production costs.

2. When driving the loading and delivering mine from the trench, the height of the “peak” (the distance from the roof of the loading and delivering mine to the side of the trench along the front wall of the outlet window), which is subjected to intense explosions during landing, hangs and abrasion during ore discharge, decreases structurally, causing rapid wear the visor and its shift to the recoil mine up to the “critical” position, when the slope of the ore ore extends beyond the feeder. In this case, dangerous situations arise in the discharge mine during ore loading, in addition, the rock mass shuts off the output of the ventilation failure to the loading and delivery mine and, accordingly, the ventilation of the workplaces deteriorates, which reduces the safety of work, negatively affects working conditions and leads to a decrease labor productivity in the production and loading of ore, the productivity of the unit’s treatment unit decreases.

The purpose of the invention is to improve conditions, increase safety and labor productivity in the bottom of blocks with vibrating ore output (hereinafter referred to as “the bottom”) during treatment excavation, reducing the cost of sinking and maintaining the ventilation workings of the bottom.

The technical problem of the invention is to significantly reduce the rate of wear of the visor during ore extraction, to reduce the intensity of seismic effects of technological processes in the bottom on the ventilation output, to reduce the volume of penetration and to guarantee the ventilation of jobs in the bottom of the unit for the entire period of the cleaning recess, by increasing the height of the visor, rational arrangement of the ventilation outlet and its reliable aerodynamic communication with loading and delivery and haulage bottom bottoms.

The problem is solved in that in the bottom with a vibrating ore outlet, including a discharge, ventilation, trench and loading and delivery with operator’s chambers, the end of each loading and delivery work is brought out under the trench and their interfaces are formed in the form of a receiving chamber expanding upwards with an angle of inclination sides close to the angle of repose of the ore, and the ventilation output is carried out parallel to the retraction in the area of the end of the operator’s chambers above their roof, while the ventilation output is reported from loading and delivery through ventilation wells, providing the necessary supply of fresh air to the vibratory feeder area due to the mine depression, and by blocking the ventilation wells, the fresh air flow is controlled both in separate sections of the outlet workings, and in general on the outlet workings of the bottoms of the mine blocks.

The specified set of features provides:

- reducing the rate of wear of the visor and preventing it from shifting to the recoil mine to a “critical” position, since the height of the visor increases from (1.5 ÷ 2.0) m to (3.5 ÷ 4.0) m;

- a significant decrease in the intensity of the seismic effects of technological processes in the bottom on the ventilation output and a decrease in the cost of maintaining it due to an increase in the thickness (m _c.v ) of the pillar between the ventilation output and the side of the trench from (2.3 ÷ 2.6) m to (5, 0 ÷ 6.0) m;

- reducing the volume of penetration by eliminating ventilation disruptions in the bottom;

- guaranteed ventilation of workplaces in the bottom of the block due to general shaft depression through ventilation wells of circular seismic-resistant cross section when the wellhead is located in the roof of the loading and delivery mine, which virtually eliminates the internal and wellhead overlapping of ventilation wells with ore mass;

- simple ventilation control both in individual sections of the outlet workings, and in general, in the workout workings of the bottoms of mine blocks by blocking the ventilation wells, which can drastically reduce the number of ventilation jumpers and doors, reduce the amount of air leaks, improve ventilation of workplaces.

The essence of the technical solution is illustrated by the drawings of the bottom of the block with the vibration output of ore. In FIG. 1 (A-A) shows a transverse vertical section of the bottom, characterizing the relative position of the workings and the main parameters; in FIG. 2 (BB) shows a complex horizontal section of the bottom; in FIG. 3 (in B-B) is a longitudinal vertical section, both drawings characterize the dimensions and design technology of the receiving chamber.

The bottom of the block with the vibration output of the ore includes a haulage 1, ventilation 2, trench 3, loading and delivery 4 with operator’s chambers 5 of the mine, receiving chambers 8 at the end of the mine 4, ventilation wells 6, aerodynamically communicating ventilation mine 2 with mine 1, 4, 5. In addition, the following elements are indicated in the drawings: a load-carrying body (tray) 7 of a vibratory feeder, a visor 9 of an outlet window, borehole 10 of a trench sweep, side walls 11 and a back side 12 of a receiving chamber 8, a hole 13 for forming inclined sides of a chamber 8, a face CA of the rear camera section 14.

The design of the bottom begins with the sinking of the recoil mine 1, in parallel, the ventilation mine 2 from the side of the prefabricated (not shown) ventilation drift (Orth) and trench excavation 3 from a separate race or the local (not shown) drift (Orth) of cutting. Then in the roof of the mine 1 at a predetermined distance from each other, loading and hauling excavations 4 with operator’s chambers 5 are drilled and ventilation wells 6 are drilled. After that, all further work in the bottom is carried out with effective ventilation due to the mine depression. Next, the vibrating feeders of the corresponding design are mounted and secured with the tray 7, then the mines 3 and 4 are mated into the receiving chamber 8 with vertical sides, while the fans of the holes 10 are drilled in trench. As you drill the fans of the sweeps, you make a flattening of the sides 11 and 12 of the receiving chamber 8 by blasting the vertical and inclined holes 13.

длиной 1,5 м и более заглублена под навал рудной массы в зоне приемной камеры 8. Руда, отбитая взрывами в добычной камере и траншейной подсечке, заполняет свободное очистное пространство, поступает в приемную камеру 8 и выходит в погрузочно-доставочную выработку 4, образуя навал руды на лотке 7 с углом откоса (ϕ) около 38°-41° к горизонтали. Проектное расстояние

от основания откоса руды до конца лотка 7 в начале эксплуатации ВВДР-5 составляет 1,9 м, что обеспечивает дозированную погрузку руды в вагонетки и исключает самопроизвольный выход выпускаемой массы за пределы лотка 7 при остановке ВВДР-5.In FIG. 1-3, on a single scale, an example of the design of the bottom for the VVDR-5 vibratory feeder with directional vibrations of the tray 7 installed at an angle of 8.5 ° to the horizontal is presented, which eliminates spontaneous movement of ore along the tray. Back of the tray

1.5 m or more in length is buried beneath a pile of ore mass in the area of the receiving chamber 8. The ore, beaten off by explosions in the mining chamber and trench cutting, fills the free treatment space, enters the receiving chamber 8 and enters the loading and delivery excavation 4, forming a bulk ore on tray 7 with a slope angle (ϕ) of about 38 ° -41 ° to the horizontal. Design distance

from the base of the ore slope to the end of tray 7 at the beginning of operation, VVDR-5 is 1.9 m, which ensures metered loading of ore into trolleys and eliminates spontaneous exit of the mass being released outside of tray 7 when VVDR-5 stops.

When the vibrator is working, the ore is successively released through the chamber 8, ore is delivered to the tray 7 and loaded into the trolley. Fluctuations in the back of the tray, buried beneath the pile of ore, affect this pile, activating the release process, which significantly reduces the frequency of formation of vaults of freezing of “traffic jams”, as well as associated with their elimination of downtime and dangerous situations that occur when placing high-explosive charges under “traffic jams” ”, Since the stability of the arches is not controlled and a sudden landing of hovering is not excluded. Ore enters the chamber 8 from the upper zone, while the highest speed of the pieces in the ore stream is observed at the contact with the visor 9, so the visor is intensively abraded and destroyed. Practice shows that in strong ores the optimal height of the unshaped visor, taking into account the effects of explosions to eliminate freezes, is (3.5 ÷ 4.0) m, the proposed bottom design meets these requirements.

Destruction of the visor and its displacement to the recoil production at a distance of 1.9 m (“critical” position) in the proposed bottom is unlikely, but even with a displacement of 2.0 m, the ventilation holes 6 closest to the visor will not be blocked by the rock mass and the ventilation efficiency of the workplaces the bottom of the block will not drop. The contaminated air from the openings 1, 4, 5 through the wells 6 enters the ventilation openings 2, which can be cleaned and, if necessary, fixed without stopping the treatment dredging processes, which allows maintaining ventilation parameters for the entire period of block mining. This contributes to the circular cross section of the wells 6, which has the greatest seismic stability, so the destruction and internal overlapping of the wells is unlikely.

The movement of air through the workings 1, 2, 4, 5 and wells 6 occurs due to the mine depression, while the diameter and number of ventilation wells 6 in the area of each vibratory feeder is determined by calculation. The basis for the calculation is the necessary fresh air consumption, found taking into account all the influencing factors, including dust removal, dilution of explosion gases to the maximum permissible concentration, the minimum air velocity, etc., as well as the accepted limit on the amount of depression spent on air movement through the wells.

At the end of the ore production by some vibratory feeder, its equipment available for dismantling is removed, and the ventilation wells 6 are blocked, for example, by conically plugging wooden plugs tightly into the wells. Overlapping of wells is carried out sequentially as reserves are removed and feeders are turned off. At the end of excavation work in a separate recoil excavation, only a few ventilation wells are left uncovered in it, which provide ventilation of this excavation, due to safety rules. Overlapping ventilation wells allows you to effectively control ventilation flows on the haulage horizon of the mine without ventilation doors and lintels, which require significant construction and maintenance costs, are destroyed by explosions and are characterized by significant air leaks. The use of overlapping ventilation wells 6 helps to improve the quality of the mine atmosphere and reduce the cost of ventilation of the mine.

In addition, after mining chamber reserves from mine 2, trenches are drilled into the trench upstream wells (not shown), their upper part is charged and blown to expose the side, directing the pieces to the center of the receiving chamber 8, then the ore is unloaded. At the same time, the bulk of previously beaten caked ore on board is also moving towards the side of chamber 8, and the total mass of the additionally extracted ore can be 400 tons per VVER-5 feeder.

The proposed design of the bottom, it is advisable to use when using vibratory feeders as with directed vibrations of the load-bearing body, and non-directional action, as well as feeders of a different type with a sufficient length of the load-bearing body.

Information sources

1. Underground mining of ferruginous quartzites / G.M. Babayants, L.K. Wertlabe, N.Ya. Zhurin et al. - M .: Nedra, 1988 .-- S. 168.

2. A.S. USSR No. 916758, IPC E21C 41/06. The method of preparing the bottom of the block / V.A. Shestakov, N.V. Nechaev, A.V. Gurevich, V.D. Anisimov, A.N. Doolin. - Publ. 03/30/1982. - BI No. 12.

Claims (2)

1. The bottom of the block with the vibration output of the ore, including the discharge, ventilation, trench and loading and delivery with cameras operator extraction, characterized in that the end of the loading and delivery working out under the trench and their interface is formed in the form of a receiving chamber expanding upwards with an angle of inclination of its sides close to the angle of repose of the ore, and the ventilation output is carried out parallel to the retraction in the region of the end face of the operator’s chambers above their roof, while the ventilation output is communicated with the loading and delivery through ventilation wells, providing the necessary supply of fresh air to the vibratory feeder zone due to mine depression. 2. The bottom of the block according to claim 1, characterized in that by blocking the ventilation wells, the fresh air flow is controlled both in individual sections of the outlet workings and in general on the outlet workings of the bottoms of the mine blocks.

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