RU2626236C1 - High-viscosity marine fuel - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention describes high-viscosity marine fuel including the use of distillate of the secondary cracking processes with boiling points of 350-500°C, characterized in that, in addition, a visbreaking residue (VR) is used as a component, which is compounded with a distillate of the secondary cracking processes (DSCP), in a weight ratio: visbreaking residue of 20-60; distillate of the secondary cracking processes - 40-80 and a depressant-dispersant additive is added into the produced marine fuel, which is a mixture of polymethylmethacrylate with its diene, ethylene, propylene and polypropanol copolymers, in an amount of 0.0125 to 0.5000 wt %.

EFFECT: producing a high-viscosity marine fuel with improved low-temperature properties, in particular, with the lowest pour point.

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Description

The invention relates to the refining industry and, in particular, to fuels for marine medium-speed and low-speed engines from the products of the processes of delayed coking and visbreaking of heavy oil residues with improved low-temperature properties.

High-viscosity marine fuel is known (RF patent No. 1672731, publ. 05/10/1995), based on straight-run tar and fuel oil and also residues and distillates of secondary processes of deep oil refining (catalytic cracking, thermal cracking, or visbreaking, or coking, as well as deasphalting) taken in the ratio,% mass .:

Fuel oil 20-40 Catalytic cracking gas oil 5-20 Fr. 180-500 ° C of secondary processes and / or fr. 200-480 ° C cracking reflux 5-15 Fr. 450 ° С - K. thermal process residue or fr. 520 ° С - K. deasphalting residue 20-60 Tar Up to 100

The disadvantage is the multicomponent nature of the products used as components of thermal cracking, or visbreaking, or coking processes. The amount of heavy oil residues reaches 65-90%, including up to 20-40% of the potential raw material for the separation of light oil products - straight-run fuel oil, as well as the wide boiling range of secondary distillates at 180-500 ° С, which cause low fuel stability to phase separation at long storage and operation, incomplete combustion and poor environmental performance. The disadvantages of the known composition also include a high content of sulfur compounds (2.25-2.95%).

Known is a combined method for producing marine fuels and road bitumen (options) (RF patent No. 2312129, publ. 10.12.2007) for marine engines and marine power plants of foreign manufacture, the production method of which involves the separation of fractions by atmospheric vacuum distillation, easy thermal cracking of the obtained vacuum gas oil followed by compounding of these fractions.

The disadvantages of this method of obtaining marine fuel is the use of thermal cracking (200-400 ° C) and thermal cracking residue (400 ° C - c.k.) having a high content of unsaturated hydrocarbons as components of light gas oil, which makes marine fuel prone to carbon formation , as well as high sulfur content - 2.1-2.3% of the mass.

Known marine high-viscosity fuel (RF patent No. 2177979, publ. 10.01.2002), including the use of light coking gas oil (20-40%), heavy coking gas oil (5-20%), selective oil purification extract (15-30%), polyalkylbenzene resin (1-5%) and tar - up to 100%.

The disadvantage of this marine fuel is the high sulfur content (1.91-2.00%), which leads to an increase in its oxide emissions during combustion into the atmosphere, as well as the use of polyalkylbenzene resin, a by-product of petrochemical production, leading to a deterioration in the solubility of tar-asphaltene substances tar in the distillates of delayed coking.

The known composition of high-viscosity marine fuel (RF patent No. 2084494, publ. 07/20/1997) containing fuel oil, the remainder of the rectification of 200 ° C. a mixture of trap oil and sludge after a two-stage dehydration and a mixture of trap oil and sludge after a three-stage dehydration, taken in the following mass ratio of components:

The remainder of the rectification 200 ° C. 12.5-25.0 A mixture of trap oil and sludge after three-stage dehydration 12.5-25.0 Fuel oil 50.0-75.0

The disadvantage of this composition of marine fuel is its low quality indicators, such as pour point (3-7 ° C), poor fuel pumpability. The use of trapped petroleum products containing a significant amount of impurities, including vanadium, leads to high-temperature corrosion, as well as to a significant increase in ash content, the deposition of metal salts on the heating surfaces of boilers.

Known high-viscosity marine fuel for medium-speed and low-speed marine diesel engines (options) (RF patent No. 2079542, publ. 05.20.1997), adopted as a prototype, including the use of secondary cracking processes (DVKP) as components, boiling at 350-500 ° C, and the remainder of thermal cracking (OTC) with a density of 1040-1095 kg / m ³ . Marine fuel of known composition is obtained by compounding a hydrocarbon distillate fraction with a thermal cracking residue acting as a depressant additive, while the resulting fuel has improved performance properties.

The starting components are mixed in the following mass ratio,% mass .:

Distillate Secondary Cracking Processes 94-98 Thermal Cracking Residue 2-6

The disadvantage of the proposed composition of marine fuel is the high content of distillate fractions (94-98% wt.), As well as the increased sulfur content (1.42-1.50% wt.), Leading to an increase in emissions of its oxides during combustion into the atmosphere. The use of thermal cracking residue as a depressant additive, which has a low efficiency, which is not produced at modern oil refineries, does not allow obtaining high-viscosity marine fuel with improved low-temperature properties.

EFFECT: obtaining high-viscosity marine fuel with improved low-temperature properties from visbreaking residue and distillate of secondary cracking processes with the addition of a depressant-dispersing additive.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that, in addition, a visbreaking residue (BO) is used as a component, which is combined with a distillate of secondary cracking processes (DVKP), in a mass ratio:

visbreaking balance 20-60 distillate secondary cracking processes 40-80

and add to the resulting marine fuel depressant-dispersing additive, which is a mixture of polymethylmethacrylate with its diene, ethylene, propylene and polypropanone copolymers, in an amount of from 0.0125 to 0.5000% of the mass. to obtain marine highly viscous fuel with the lowest pour point minus 12 - minus 22 ° C.

The composition of marine high-viscosity fuel includes visbreaking residue (BO) with a boiling point above 350 ° C, which is obtained at a tar visbreaking unit, and distillates of secondary cracking processes (heavy gas oil delayed coking) with boiling points from 350 to 500 ° C obtained at the installation coking from the mixture (70-90: 10-30,% wt.), respectively, tar and heavy gas oil of catalytic cracking, boiling at a temperature of from 180 to 400 ° C. The obtained fractions VO (visbreaking residue) and DVKP (distillate of the secondary cracking processes) (table 1) are mixed in a mass ratio,% wt .:

visbreaking balance 20-60 distillate secondary cracking processes 40-80

and add to the resulting fuel a depressant-dispersing additive, which is a mixture of polymethyl methacrylate with its diene, ethylene, propylene and polypropanone copolymers, in an amount of from 0.0125 to 0.5000% by weight, providing a high-viscosity marine fuel of various grades with improved pour point minus 12 - minus 22 ° C (table 2).

From the presented data it can be seen that the composition of high-viscosity marine fuel for low-speed and medium-speed marine diesel engines and power plants allows the addition of a depressant-dispersant additive in an amount of from 0.0125 to 0.5000% of the mass. to obtain marine fuel with improved low-temperature properties, the pour point of which, depending on the component composition, when the additive is added decreases to minus 12 - minus 22 ° C. Upon receipt of the ship’s highly viscous fuel of the proposed composition, the resources of the heavy residual fractions are most fully used, namely, visbreaking residue in the amount of 20-60%, against the thermal cracking residue of the prototype in the amount of 2-6%. High-viscosity marine fuel according to the proposed technology is obtained with a lower sulfur content of 0.64-0.89% by mass., Compared with the prototype - 1.42-1.50% of the mass.

The composition is illustrated by the following examples.

Example 1. Shipboard high-viscosity fuel includes visbreaking residue (BO) with a boiling point above 350 ° C, which is obtained at a tar visbreaking unit, and distillates of secondary cracking processes (heavy gas oil delayed coking), which are obtained at a coking unit from a mixture (70- 90: 10-30,% wt.), Respectively, of tar and heavy gas oil of catalytic cracking boiling at a temperature of from 180 to 400 ° C. The visbreaking residue and the distillate of the secondary cracking processes are combined in a ratio of 20: 80% by weight.

In the resulting mixture is introduced 0.0125, 0.0500, 0.1500, 0.2500 and 0.5000% of the mass. additives, which is a mixture of polymethyl methacrylate with its diene, ethylene, propylene and polypropanone copolymers, which reduces the pour point from plus 6 ° C, respectively, to 0, minus 4, minus 12, minus 10 and minus 12 ° C.

Obtained in this ratio (20:80), the basic mixture of VO and DVKP according to physicochemical parameters meets the requirements for high-viscosity marine fuel brand SVL (table 2).

Example 2. High-viscosity marine fuel includes visbreaking residue (BO) with a boiling point above 350 ° C, which is obtained at a tar visbreaking unit, and distillates of secondary cracking processes (heavy gas oil delayed coking), which are obtained at a coking unit from a mixture (70- 90: 10-30,% wt.), Respectively, of tar and heavy gas oil of catalytic cracking boiling at a temperature of from 180 to 400 ° C. The visbreaking residue and the distillate of the secondary cracking processes are combined in a ratio of 30: 70% by weight.

In the resulting mixture is introduced 0.0125, 0.0500, 0.1500, 0.2500 and 0.5000% of the mass. additives, which is a mixture of polymethyl methacrylate with its diene, ethylene, propylene and polypropanone copolymers, which reduces the pour point from minus 2 ° C, respectively, to minus 4, minus 10, minus 22, minus 16 and minus 18 ° C.

Obtained in this ratio (30:70), the basic mixture of VO and DVKP in terms of physical and chemical parameters meets the requirements for high-viscosity marine fuel brand SVL (table 2).

Example 3. High-viscosity marine fuel includes visbreaking residue (BO) with a boiling point above 350 ° C, which is obtained at a tar visbreaking unit, and distillates of secondary cracking processes (heavy gas oil delayed coking), which are obtained at a coking unit from a mixture (70- 90: 10-30,% wt.), Respectively, of tar and heavy gas oil of catalytic cracking boiling at a temperature of from 180 to 400 ° C. The visbreaking residue and the distillate of the secondary cracking processes are combined in a ratio of 40: 60% by weight.

In the resulting mixture is introduced 0.0125, 0.0500, 0.1500, 0.2500 and 0.5000% of the mass. additives, which is a mixture of polymethyl methacrylate with its diene, ethylene, propylene and polypropanone copolymers, which reduces the pour point from plus 2 ° C, respectively, to minus 2, minus 6, minus 16, minus 14 and minus 10 ° C.

Obtained in this ratio (40:60), the basic mixture of VO and DVKP according to physicochemical parameters meets the requirements for high-viscosity marine fuel brand SVT (table 2).

Example 4. High-viscosity marine fuel includes visbreaking residue (BO) with a boiling point above 350 ° C, which is obtained at a tar visbreaking unit, and distillates of secondary cracking processes (heavy delayed coking gas oil), which are obtained at a coking unit from a mixture (70- 90: 10-30,% wt.), Respectively, of tar and heavy gas oil of catalytic cracking boiling at a temperature of from 180 to 400 ° C. The visbreaking residue and the distillate of the secondary cracking processes are combined in a ratio of 50: 50% by weight.

In the resulting mixture is introduced 0.0125, 0.0500, 0.1500, 0.2500 and 0.5000% of the mass. additives, which is a mixture of polymethyl methacrylate with its diene, ethylene, propylene and polypropanone copolymers, which reduces the pour point from minus 6 ° C, respectively, to minus 8, minus 14, minus 16, minus 12 and minus 10 ° C.

Obtained in this ratio (50:50), the basic mixture of VO and DVKP according to physicochemical parameters meets the requirements for high-viscosity marine fuel of the SVS brand (table 2).

Example 5. High-viscosity marine fuel includes visbreaking residue (BO) with a boiling point above 350 ° C, which is obtained at a tar visbreaking unit, and distillates of secondary cracking processes (heavy delayed coking gas oil), which are obtained at a coking unit from a mixture (70- 90: 10-30,% wt.), Respectively, of tar and heavy gas oil of catalytic cracking boiling at a temperature of from 180 to 400 ° C. The visbreaking residue and the distillate of the secondary cracking processes are combined in a ratio of 60: 40% of the mass.

In the resulting mixture is introduced 0.0125, 0.0500, 0.1500, 0.2500 and 0.5000% of the mass. additives, which is a mixture of polymethyl methacrylate with its diene, ethylene, propylene and polypropanone copolymers, which reduces the pour point from minus 6 ° C, respectively, to minus 10, minus 12, minus 18, minus 16 and minus 12 ° C.

Obtained in this ratio (60:40), the basic mixture of VO and DVKP in terms of physicochemical parameters meets the requirements for high-viscosity marine fuel of the SVS brand (table 2).

The composition of high-viscosity marine fuel with improved low-temperature properties for low-speed and medium-speed marine diesel and power plants will be widely used at refineries with deep processing of crude oil.

Claims (3)

High-viscosity marine fuel, including the use of a distillate of secondary cracking processes with boiling points of 350-500 ° C, characterized in that in addition, a visbreaking residue (BO) is used as a component, which is combined with a distillate of secondary cracking processes (DVKP), in a mass ratio: visbreaking balance 20-60 distillate secondary cracking processes 40-80 and add to the resulting marine fuel depressant-dispersing additive, which is a mixture of polymethylmethacrylate with its diene, ethylene, propylene and polypropanone copolymers, in an amount of from 0.0125 to 0.5000% of the mass. to obtain marine highly viscous fuel with the lowest pour point minus 12 - minus 22 ° C.