RU2622051C2 - Cruise missile universal in score and engagement methods - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: universal missile consists of a housing with a lift wing and controls. Housing is equipped with a jet propulsion. A high-explosive or a high-explosive cumulative warhead is placed inside the housing. Torpedo warhead is fixed inside or outside the housing as a small torpedo having a high-explosive or a high-explosive cumulative warhead and braking and stabilization system to ensure the required splashdown parameters. Missile has an onboard power supply and an onboard control system. This system provides autonomous and remote control of the missile from the carrier or the control point. Missile boardside control system includes a radar and/or a heat seeker designed for detecting and guidance on contrasting surface targets. Torpedo boardside control system includes an acoustic non-contact detection system for underwater and surface targets and a homing system. Wherein the missile can carry extra torpedo warheads. Torpedo is equipped with a magnetometer, which is part of its boardside control system, to be used as an additional source of information for classification of contact with a target applying means of hydroacoustic suppression. Additionally, the magnetometer is included into the missile control circuit as means of providing the ability to detect the submarine during the missile flight on its midcourse phase.

EFFECT: development of a missile universal in scores and engagement methods.

4 cl, 10 dwg

Description

Known anti-ship missile (RCC), equipped with a homing head (GOS), and the method by which it defeats a surface ship [1], shown in FIG. one.

A method of hitting a surface ship with an anti-ship cruise missile (RCC) (Fig. 1) includes launching the rocket (1), autonomous control of the RCC at the launch (2) and marching (3) sections of the trajectory for approaching the surface target ship, search and capture of the surface ship (4) GOS missiles, guiding the ASM at the detected target under the guidance of the GOS (homing section), performing anti-aircraft maneuver (5), entering the ASM in the surface part of the target ship’s hull (6), undermining the warhead of the rocket and hitting the surface ship [1] .

An indicator of the effectiveness of a single ship's destruction is the probability of its destruction.

определяется по известной формуле [2]:The probability of destruction of a single surface ship of one RCC

determined by the well-known formula [2]:

where R _obn - the probability of detection and capture of the target ship of the GOS RCC; R _sn - the probability of homing RCC on the captured target under the control of the GOS; ω _kr is the parameter of the conditional law of hitting a target with a cruise missile (the average required number of hits of anti-ship missiles in the target for its destruction); Q _rap - the probability of missile failure by electronic suppression (REP) of a surface ship; Q _op - the probability of missile failure by means of fire countermeasures of a surface ship.

Known anti-submarine cruise missile 85P, equipped with a torpedo warhead (TFC), when upgraded, converted to a universal cruise missile (UKR) 85RU by equipping its GOS and high-explosive warhead (FBCH), as well as a method of hitting a surface ship UKR 85RU (Fig. 2) [13]. The method of hitting a surface ship UKR 85RU [3] includes: launching a rocket (1), autonomous and telemechanical control (TU) of the UKR on the launch (2) and marching (3) sections of the trajectory for approaching the surface target ship, search and capture of the target ( 4) GOS missiles, missile control in the homing area and during anti-aircraft maneuver (5), missile launchers from an unmanned TFC in the above-water part of the target ship’s hull (6), undermining the FBC of the missile and hitting an enemy surface ship.

The method of hitting a surface ship UKR 85RU is similar to the method for hitting a surface ship of anti-ship missiles considered above, as a result of which its effectiveness is also determined by formula (1).

In 1953-1957 in the Soviet Union, the world's first anti-ship winged projectile "Pike" (KSSh) was developed, equipped with a detachable FSF, with a unique way of hitting a surface target [1]. The method for hitting the surface ship KSSh is shown in FIG. 3.

It includes: launch of the KSSh (1), autonomous control on the launch (2) and march (3) sections of the trajectory for approaching the surface target ship, search and capture of the target of the seeker (4), control of the standby of the seeker on the homing site, anti-aircraft maneuver “Hill” (5), separation of the FBCh from the rocket at a distance of 60 m from the target ship (7), splashing of the FBCh and its movement to the target by inertia (8), hit of the glider KSSh in the surface part of the hull of the target ship (6), hit by FBCH in the underwater part of the hull of the target ship (9). Thus, the defeat of the enemy surface ship is carried out by two means: undermining the FSF and its explosive action in the most vulnerable underwater part of the ship’s hull (9) and the kinetic energy of the mass of the KSSh glider when it hits the superstructure or the upper deck of the target (6).

The probability of hitting a surface ship with a single KSSh can be estimated by the following formula [2]:

where ω _hw - the average number of hits hw in the target; R _fbch - the probability of a detachable fbch getting into a surface ship; ω _fbch - the average number of hits of the FBCh in the underwater part of the ship's hull.

There was no warhead in the corps of the _KSSh , therefore ω _ksch - the average required number of hits on the target, was more important than ω _kr , corresponding to RCC.

A known method of hitting a surface ship of UKR with a detachable TBC [3], which is shown in FIG. 4. It includes: launching a rocket (1), autonomous control of it on the launch (2) and marching (3) sections of the trajectory for approaching the surface target ship, search and capture of the target of the seeker (4), rocket control in the homing area and at performing an anti-aircraft maneuver (5), entering a flight mission into a torpedo warhead, resetting a universal fire-fighting vehicle at a predetermined distance from a target ship (10), an autonomous control of a torpedo after being brought in at a convergence site with a target in accordance with a flight mission, search and target capture by the system homing torpedoes (SSNs) (11), hitting a missile in the above-water part of the hull of an enemy ship, detonating the FBCH and hitting a target (6), moving a torpedo under the control of SSNs, approaching with a view to the distance of a non-contact fuse, detonating the warhead and hitting a surface ship in the underwater part of its hull (12).

Thus, the defeat of the enemy surface ship is carried out by two means: the explosive action of the FFM UHF and the kinetic energy of the glider mass when a missile hits the superstructure or the upper deck of the target (6) and undermines the TFC of a torpedo in the most vulnerable underwater part of the hull of the enemy ship (12).

рассчитывается по формуле [2]:The probability of hitting a surface ship with a single universal cruise missile with a detachable TBC

calculated by the formula [2]:

Here R _CST - the probability of capturing the target and homing torpedoes on it; ω _t - the average required number of hits TBC in a surface ship for its destruction; Q _GPA - the probability of non-destruction of a torpedo by means of sonar suppression (GPA) of a surface ship.

Comparison of formulas (1), (2) and (3) allows you to compare the effectiveness of defeating a surface ship with a single means of destruction: RCC, KSSh and UKR with TBC, as can be seen from the following expressions:

As an example, for calculations, the following fixed initial data can be taken:

Then expressions (4) will take the form:

Expressions (6) show that the most effective way to destroy a surface ship with a single missile is a method that involves the use of two weapons in one missile, which begin to operate independently from each other before they enter the target’s self-defense zone, and are equipped with homing systems and FSF. In this situation, preference should be given to RBM with TBT.

At the same time, the main purpose of the universal cruise missile with the TBC, discussed above, is to defeat the enemy’s submarine [1]. A method for hitting a UKR submarine with a TBC is shown in FIG. 5 and includes: detection of the submarine by the ship’s hydroacoustic complex (11), launch of the rocket (1), autonomous control of the rocket on the launch (2) and marching (3) sections of the trajectory for approaching the enemy’s submarine, maneuver for discharging the battle ballistic missile system, resetting the battle ballistic missile in calculated point (10), parachuting a torpedo, landing, search for a target and hijacking it by a homing system of a torpedo (14), rapprochement of a torpedo with a target under the control of an SSN to the distance of its non-contact fuse, detonation of the torpedo warhead and destruction of a submarine (15), withdrawal plan A missile firing at a given range, issuing a command for its self-liquidation (16) and flooding at a distance that excludes interference with the operation of the torpedo’s SSN (17) [1], [3].

Another anti-submarine cruise missile equipped with a magnetometer is known, and the method of its use [4] shown in FIG. 6. The method of hitting a submarine with this missile includes: triggering an underwater observation source (18) about detecting an enemy submarine, transmitting information to the carrier ship of an anti-submarine missile (19), launching the rocket (1), autonomous control of the launch rocket (2) ) and marching (3) sections of the trajectory for approaching the enemy’s submarine, detecting the submarine with the rocket’s magnetometric means (20), maneuvering the missile to drop the TDP, reset the TDP at the calculated point (10), parachuting a torpedo, its landing, search targets and the capture of a torpedo homing system (14), the approach of a torpedo with a target under the control of the CLP to the distance of the operation of its non-contact fuse, the detonation of the torpedo warhead and the defeat of the submarine (15), the removal of the rocket glider to a given range, the issuance of a command for its self-destruction ( 16) and flooding at a distance that excludes interference with the operation of the CLP torpedoes (17) [3], [4].

There is a method of hitting a sea target (underwater and, if necessary, surface) cruise missile with a torpedo warhead, which consists in attacking an enemy submarine disguised in the acoustic field of a surface ship (vessel) [5]. The method is shown in FIG. 7 and includes: obtaining information about the enemy’s submarine masquerading in the acoustic field of the surface ship (ship), the coordinates of which are known, rocket launch (1), autonomous and / or telemechanical control (TU) of the rocket at the launch (2) and march (3) ) sections of the trajectory, search and capture of a surface ship (vessel) by a homing missile (4), pointing a missile at a ship (vessel) under the guidance of a GOS, entering target data into a torpedo control system, performing a missile maneuver and launching a torpedo at a calculated point ( 10) drive torpedo homing, search for an enemy submarine, hijacking of a torpedo by its homing system (14), homing of a torpedo on a submarine, approaching it to the firing range of a non-contact fuse, detonating the warhead and hitting a target (15), performing a missile anti-aircraft maneuver (5), development of a command to defeat a surface ship (ship) and its defeat (6) if the ship (ship) is an adversary, or to eliminate a missile and take it away from the ship (ship) (16) if it (it) is not hostile , and flooding at a distance, lawsuit radiant interference to the operation of the torpedo homing missiles (17) [5].

It follows from the foregoing that the creation of a universal cruise missile carrying a torpedo warhead and capable of hitting both surface and underwater targets is an urgent task. At the same time, the probability of hitting a surface target increases, since it is hit by a missile and a torpedo independently of each other after they are separated at the effective range of the anti-aircraft means of self-defense of an enemy ship, which is confirmed by the above formulas (4) and (6).

These circumstances allow us to formulate the objectives of the invention, which are the development of a universal missile targets and methods of hitting targets.

In terms of the efficiency-cost ratio, a specialized anti-submarine cruise missile has an advantage over RBM due to its lower cost. At the same time, RBM has an advantage over anti-ship missiles in the ability to solve fire tasks to defeat enemy forces: it allows the carrier to solve two problems - anti-submarine and anti-ship. Therefore, the creation of a cruise missile, universal in its objectives, with a detachable TBC capable of hitting underwater and surface targets, confirms the relevance of the goal.

This goal is achieved due to the fact that the control system of a universal missile target includes a target coordinator located on the rocket and responding to the physical fields of the surface ship, as well as a target coordinator responding to the physical fields of the surface ship and submarine, placed on the torpedo and used to control its trajectory during the independent attack of the target.

Since modern surface ships and submarines are equipped with electronic suppression (REP) tools that can effectively affect the control systems of enemy weapons, the presence in the missile system of a missile (torpedo) of an additional source of information that can recognize the target against the background of the interference it sets is not superfluous. Such a source of information can be devices that respond to other physical fields of the target, for example, to a magnetic field, that is, magnetometric devices.

The cruise missile universal in purpose (UCCR) is a body with a supporting wing and controls that form a glider equipped with a propulsion system with a jet engine. Inside the missile body are installed:

- a high-explosive or high-explosive-cumulative warhead;

- torpedo warhead (TBC), placed inside the hull or suspended from it, which is used as a small torpedo (MGT), which is equipped with a braking and stabilization system to provide the required parameters for its reduction, as well as a high-explosive or explosive-cumulative warhead;

- an onboard power supply;

- BSU, providing autonomous and remote (telemechanical) rocket control from the carrier (control point);

- the composition of the missile BSU includes a radar and (or) thermal homing head (GOS), designed to detect contrasting surface targets of the enemy and pointing missiles at them;

- The BSU MGT includes an acoustic non-contact detection system (NSO) for underwater and surface targets and a homing system (SSN) for pointing torpedoes at them.

In contrast to existing analogs, the missile control loop includes a magnetometer installed in the MGT and included in its BSU, which is designed to search for a submarine during missile flight on the marching section, as well as an additional source of information about the target during a MGT attack of a submarine or surface ship in the case of their use of sonar suppression (GPA).

In the missile’s BSU, the trajectory is controlled throughout the flight, up to the breakthrough of the enemy’s self-defense zone and the missile entering the vulnerable part of its hull. In addition, in the anti-aircraft missile system, the MGT splash point is calculated for a torpedo attack of the detected enemy ship and this information is transmitted to the anti-aircraft missile system in order to develop a program for the movement of the torpedo during the surface attack. When an enemy submarine attacks in a missile launcher, missiles calculate the MGT splash point with autonomous or telemechanical control, as well as after a submarine is detected by a torpedo magnetometer, and transmit this information to the MGT missile launcher in order to develop a program of torpedo movement to the target. If necessary, missile control systems control the missile withdrawal and self-liquidation over a distance, which excludes the creation of interference with the MSS.

Another difference of such a missile is that it is equipped with two or more torpedo warheads, which are placed in the airframe and / or suspended from it.

Such a missile is capable of hitting two or more targets (underwater and / or surface), depending on the number of MGTs mounted on the missile. Moreover, the reflection by a ship of threats simultaneously in the air and in the underwater spheres leads to a decrease in the effectiveness of its counteraction to weapons in both spheres.

A method of hitting a submarine with a universal cruise missile target includes (Fig. 8):

- detection of an enemy submarine by means of detecting a missile carrier (sonar station (11) or other means of observation), as well as receiving information from other sources (19) (coastal post, positional means (18) or aircraft);

- prelaunch preparation and verification of the missile safety system of the rocket and its torpedo warhead;

- the introduction of a missile flight mission missile;

- rocket launch from the launcher (1);

- autonomous and / or telemechanical control (TU) of the rocket at the launch (2) and march (3) sections of the trajectory;

- retention of the low marching altitude of the rocket to increase the depth of the search for the submarine with a magnetometer;

- inclusion in the calculated point of the trajectory (at the command of the BSU or TU) of the magnetometer and the search for a submarine on a given flight route;

- calculation in the missile safety system of the missile of the MGT splashdown point under autonomous or telemechanical control, as well as after the detection of the submarine by the torpedo magnetometer (20) and the transmission of this information to the MGT of the MGT to develop a program for the movement of the torpedo to the target;

- rocket maneuver to reset MGT and reset MGT (10);

- the use of the MGT braking and stabilization system and its splashdown at the design point;

- movement of MGT to the location of the target under the control of the BSU;

- inclusion in the work of the acoustic NSO target and the search for a submarine;

- detection of a submarine of an acoustic NSO target (14) and pointing a torpedo at a target under the control of its SSN;

- rapprochement of a torpedo with a view to the distance of the operation of its non-contact fuse, detonation of a high-explosive (high-explosive-cumulative) warhead and defeat of an enemy submarine (15).

In contrast to the existing methods of hitting a submarine, a magnetometer is used as an additional source of information when a submarine is detected (20) and contact classification in torpedo tubes (21) is used to increase the accuracy of classification of contact with a submarine in cases where it uses GPA.

The method of defeating a surface ship with a universal cruise missile target includes (Fig. 9):

- detection of an enemy surface ship by a radar station or other means of observing a missile carrier - a surface ship or coastal post, as well as an aircraft or spacecraft;

- prelaunch preparation and verification of the missile safety system of the rocket and its torpedo warhead;

- input missile mission missile and the missile launch from the launcher (1);

- autonomous and / or telemechanical control of the missile at the launch (2) and march (3) sections of the trajectory, keeping the required marching low altitude of the missile to reduce its visibility by enemy observation means;

- inclusion in the calculated point of the trajectory (at the command of the BSU or TU) GOS missiles;

- search for the GOS of a surface ship (vessel) or a group target of the enemy on a given flight route;

- detection of GOS surface targets (4), homing missiles at the target under the guidance of GOS;

- calculation in the BSU of the MGT splashdown point for a torpedo attack of the detected enemy ship and the transfer of this information to the MGU BSU for the development of a torpedo movement program in it;

- rocket maneuver to reset the MGT, reset the MGT (10), activate the braking and stabilization system of the MGT and flood the MGT at the calculated point;

- a breakthrough of the self-defense zone of an enemy surface ship (5), missile penetration into the surface part of the target’s body, fuse detonation, detonation of a high-explosive (HE-cumulative) warhead of a missile and defeat of a surface ship (target) (6);

- the movement of the MGT to the location of the surface target under the control of the torpedo BSU, the inclusion of acoustic NSO and search for the target;

- detection of the surface target of the acoustic NSO (11) and pointing the torpedo at the target under the control of its SSN;

- rapprochement of a torpedo with a surface ship at the distance of its non-contact fuse, detonation of a high-explosive (high-explosive-cumulative) warhead and defeat of a surface target (12).

In contrast to the existing methods of hitting a surface ship, an additional information source in detecting and classifying a contact (22) in a torpedo-ship control system uses a magnetometer, which increases the reliability of contact classification under conditions of enemy use of GPA.

Another difference in the method of hitting a surface ship with a universal cruise missile target is that it is used to attack a group of surface targets (Fig. 10). In this case, before the MGT department, data on the whereabouts of the target designated for destruction are entered into its BSU, after which the assigned targets are hit with both a missile and a torpedo (torpedoes). After separation of the TBC (10) and its reduction at the calculated point, the MGT moves to the target under the control of the BSU, the acoustic NSO designated surface target is detected (11), homing under the control of the SSN is used, the magnetometer is used as an additional source of information for target detection and its classification (22), approach it at the distance of the MGT fuse and hit the designated surface target in the underwater part of the hull (12).

Information sources

1. Shirokorad A.B. Weapons of the domestic fleet 1945-2000 / Under the general. ed. A.E. Taras. Minsk: Harvest - M .: AST Publishing House LLC, 2001.

2. Abchuk V.A., Matveychuk F.F., Tomashevsky L.P. Handbook of Operations Research / Ed. ed. F. Matveychuk. M .: Military publishing house of the Ministry of Defense of the USSR, 1979.

3. A method of hitting a surface ship with a universal cruise missile with a torpedo warhead. Patent for invention RU No. 2382326 C2, 02.20.2008. - M.: FIPS, 2010. Bull. No. 5.

4. Anti-submarine cruise missile and method of its use. Application for invention No. 2014104394 of February 7, 2014. - M .: FIPS, 2014.

5. A method of hitting a sea target (options). Patent for invention RU No. 2513366 C2, 02/02/2011. - M .: FIPS, 2014. Bull. No. 16, 2013. Bull. No. 11, 2014.

Claims (4)

1. A cruise missile, universal in terms of objectives, which is a hull with a supporting wing and controls, equipped with a propulsion system with a jet engine, a high-explosive or high-explosive cumulative warhead is placed inside the hull, a torpedo warhead is fixed inside or outside the hull, for which a small-sized one is used a torpedo having a high-explosive or high-explosive-cumulative warhead and a braking and stabilization system to provide the required splashdown parameters, the rocket has an onboard power source maneuver, an onboard control system that provides autonomous and remote control of it from a carrier or control center, the onboard missile control system includes a radar and / or thermal homing head designed to detect and aim at contrasting surface targets, the onboard torpedo control system includes acoustic non-contact detection system for underwater and surface targets and homing system, characterized in that the missile can carry additional torpedo warheads, the torpedo is equipped with a magnetometer, which is part of its on-board control system for use as an additional source of information when classifying a contact with a target that uses sonar suppression, an additional magnetometer is included in the missile control loop as a means of detecting a submarine during missile flight March section. 2. A method of hitting a submarine with a universal cruise missile target, including detecting an enemy submarine by means of underwater surveillance of a ship or receiving information about its detection from another source, prelaunch preparation and testing of onboard missile and torpedo control systems, input into the onboard missile control system of a flight mission , launching a rocket from a launcher, autonomous and / or telemechanical control of a rocket at the launch and march sections of the trajectory, maintaining low marching heights missile flight to increase the depth of the search for the submarine with a magnetometer, turn on the magnetometer at the calculated point of the trajectory or by command from the control point and search for the submarine using it on a given flight path, detect the submarine with the magnetometer, calculate the coordinates of the torpedo landing point by the onboard missile control system , the formation of the on-board torpedo control system of the program of movement of the torpedo to the target, the maneuver of the missile to reset the torpedo, the reset of the torpedo, its braking and stabilization after separation from the missile, landing of the torpedo at the calculated point and movement according to the intended program, switching on the acoustic non-contact target detection system, searching for the target, its detection and homing at the target, rapprochement of the torpedo with the target at the distance of the firing of the non-contact fuse, the detonation of the warhead and the defeat of the underwater enemy boats, characterized in that the onboard torpedo control system additionally uses a magnetometer to reliably classify contact with a submarine using r idroacoustic suppression. 3. A method of hitting a surface ship with a universal cruise missile target, including detecting a surface ship or a group of enemy ships by means of surface surveillance of a ship or receiving information about its detection from another source, prelaunch preparation and testing of onboard missile and torpedo control systems, input into the onboard control system missions of the flight mission, launching the rocket from the launcher, autonomous and / or telemechanical control of the rocket at the launch and march sections of the trajectory, ud neighing of a low marching flight altitude of a rocket to reduce its visibility by enemy observation means, turning on a homing missile at a calculated point of the trajectory or by command from a control point and searching for a surface ship using it on a given flight route, detecting a surface target using a homing head and providing homing missiles at a target, calculating, using the on-board missile control system, the coordinates of a torpedo’s landing point for attacking a surface target with it, forming e using the on-board torpedo control system programs for moving the torpedo to the target, maneuvering the missile to drop the torpedo, dropping the torpedo, braking and stabilizing it after separation from the missile, bringing the torpedo at the calculated point and moving according to the intended program, the missile breaking through the self-defense zone of the enemy surface ship and getting it into the surface part of the target’s body, firing, detonating the warhead and defeating the surface ship, turning on the torpedo's acoustic non-contact target detection system, finding the target, finding it homing and homing on a target, approaching a torpedo with a target at a distance of firing of a non-contact fuse, detonating a warhead and hitting an enemy surface ship, characterized in that the onboard torpedo control system additionally uses a magnetometer to reliably classify contact with the surface ship using sonar suppression means. 4. The method of hitting a surface ship with a universal cruise missile target according to claim 3, characterized in that it is used to attack a group of surface targets, before detaching a torpedo, data on the whereabouts of the target designated for destruction are entered into its onboard control system after the torpedo is detached and its splashdown at the calculated point, the torpedoes move to the calculated target location, they are detected by their acoustic non-contact detection system and homing on the target, as an additional source ika information for target detection and classification using its magnetometer.

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