RU2730277C1 - Missile controlled target striking method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to defence equipment and can be used in surface-to-air missile systems with command system for guidance of guided missiles within short-range tactical zone. According to the target hitting method the guided missile equipped with the noncontact target sensor- NTS, the missile is launched. After launching of controlled missile with the help of NTS begin to record and record data on background-target situation. When a controlled missile is received at a pre-meeting point, recorded data on the background-target situation are analysed for a time interval. Analysis results form the threshold of operation of the NTS and begin to continuously compare the level of the signal reflected from the target with it. Subject to exceeding the threshold of operation of NTS by a given value, a command is issued to blast the warhead of the guided missile. Threshold of operation of the NTS and the value of exceeding the actuation threshold are determined from analytical expressions.

EFFECT: technical result is increase in target hitting efficiency by avoiding false triggering.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to defense technology and can be used in anti-aircraft missile systems (SAM) with a command guidance system for guided missiles, within the near tactical zone.

The key role in armed conflicts with the use of precision weapons is played by the technical and economic efficiency of engaging targets.

Technical efficiency is based on the accuracy of the guidance and control of the anti-aircraft guided missile (SAM), which is provided by the systems of the command post of the air defense missile system, as well as the internal systems of the air defense missile, which in turn, to the greatest extent determine the cost of each missile, providing the economic component of the effectiveness of hitting targets.

The use of missile homing systems provides a high probability of hitting targets, and also does not depend on the firing range, however, onboard equipment is much heavier and more expensive than similar nodes in radio command guidance systems.

In conditions of the need to defeat small-sized low-flying targets within the near tactical zone, radio command systems are considered to be the most advantageous, providing the necessary effectiveness of hitting targets, with a relatively low weight and cost of onboard missile defense equipment using a non-contact target sensor (NDC).

The known method of hitting a target with a guided missile, described in the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2046281. This method describes the defeat of a ground or air target by a guided missile by the method of contact detonation of a missile warhead (warhead), due to an accurate hit on the target, or due to a signal from the NDC, performed on the electromagnetic principle.

The described algorithm for hitting targets using the electromagnetic NDC is ineffective for destroying targets in a complex background environment, including low-flying targets, because large reflections from the ground, local objects (houses, remnants of military equipment and weapons on the battlefield) will lead to false alarms of the NDC.

There is a known method of hitting a target with a guided missile, described in the article "SAM BUK-M1-2: Strike is irresistible", Military Parade No. 4, 1999 by E. Pigin, Yu. Kozlov, in which, when working on low-flying targets, the NDC is turned off and only the homing head of the rocket works, which in turn significantly increases the cost of missiles, and, therefore, reduces the economic efficiency of using missiles for low-flying, small-sized targets that have a low cost.

There is a known method of hitting a target with a guided missile, described in the article ZPRK "Tunguska", magazine "Technics and weapons", No. 9, 2002, the author E. Klimovich, in which, when working on low-flying targets before the start of the missile defense system, the NDC is disabled, and only contact fuse.

The disadvantage of this method is the increased requirements for the command post systems, as well as for the missile guidance algorithms, which often do not provide a direct hit on a highly maneuverable target.

For the prototype, as the closest to the claimed solution, we have chosen the method of hitting the target with a guided missile, described in the book "Cruise missiles in a sea battle", M .: Military publishing house, 1987, authors B.I. Rodionova, N.N. Novichkova. This source discloses a method of hitting a target with a guided missile, implemented in the PDM1 air defense system, which includes the Barak missile defense system, designed to defend individual ships from aircraft and anti-ship missiles flying at extremely low altitudes above the water surface. This method of hitting a target with a guided missile equipped with an NDC includes launching a guided missile, aiming it on the target's oncoming course, receiving the NDC at a given cocking command (HF) time interval for the purpose, and then detonating the warhead of the guided missile.

The specified missile defense system is equipped with a semi-active homing head and warhead with an adaptive NDC, which has high sensitivity in all directions, except for the direction to the water surface, which significantly reduced the likelihood of a false triggering of a warhead when firing at low-flying targets.

The disadvantages of this system for hitting low-flying targets are:

- the impossibility of detecting the NDC target in the lower hemisphere, which puts forward high requirements for the accuracy of hitting the target and triggering a contact fuse;

- high sensitivity of the NDC in the upper hemisphere, in a difficult background environment, can lead to false positives;

- guiding the missile at the target with the homing head, which significantly increases the cost of the missile, the mass and size characteristics of the missile;

The task to be solved by the invention is to increase the effectiveness of hitting targets in a complex background environment, including low-flying targets, guided missiles, which are subject to general restrictions on the flight weight, which in turn regulates the weight of onboard equipment and imposes severe restrictions on the use active and semi-active homing heads.

The technical result of the invention is the adaptation of the NDC to the background situation by adjusting the NDC response threshold, which makes it possible to exclude false alarms and thereby increase the effectiveness of hitting targets, without placing additional expensive and heavy guidance equipment on board the missile.

The specified result is achieved by the method of hitting a target with a guided missile equipped with an NDC, including launching a guided missile, aiming it on the target's oncoming course, receiving the NDC at the HF time interval set before the meeting with the goal, and then detonating the warhead of the guided missile, while the new thing is that , after the launch of the guided missile, the NDC begins to continuously register and record data on the background target situation, when received on the HF time interval set before the meeting of the guided missile, it analyzes the recorded data on the background target situation, based on the results of the analysis, it forms the triggering threshold of the NDC - S _target and starts continuously to compare with it the level of the signal reflected from the target, provided that the NDC response threshold is exceeded by a given value - ΔS, issues a command to detonate the warhead of the guided missile.

The NDC response threshold is formed based on the condition:

S _target = k × A _{(S / N) KV} ,

where A _{(S / N) KV} is the signal-to-noise level value registered and recorded by the NDC at the time of NDC reception at the time interval of KV set before the meeting of the guided missile;

k is the noise background compensation coefficient, with k ≥ 1.

The amount of excess of the NDC response threshold - ΔS is calculated by the formula:

ΔS = S _targets × (N-1),

where N ≥ 1 and is selected on the basis of data on the type of target and conditions of rendezvous and is set before the launch of a guided missile or during flight.

New features with significant differences are the following set of actions:

1) analysis of the background target situation during the rocket flight;

2) setting the NDC trigger threshold based on these data;

3) triggering of the NDC, provided that the set threshold is exceeded by a predetermined value - ΔS, calculated on the basis of data on the type of target and the conditions of rendezvous and set before the launch of a guided missile or during flight.

The described method of hitting targets with a guided missile with an NDC is illustrated by graphic materials - Fig. 1 (graph of the dependence of the operating time of the NDC on the value of the signal-to-noise level A _{(S / N)} received from the NDC transceiver equipment).

The claimed method can be implemented in the SAM as follows.

The target detection radar scans the space, determines and transmits the target coordinates, the trajectory of movement, the type of target and its affiliation to the central computing system (TsVS) of the air defense missile system. TsVS determines the priority of hitting a target, gives out coordinates for precise target tracking by a multifunctional radar station (MRS) for tracking targets and missiles, and, after making a decision to launch a missile defense system, transmits preliminary data on the type of target and the condition of convergence to the NDC electronic equipment (AE) of the prepared SAM.

After launching the missile defense system, the NDC AE begins to analyze the level of the background situation according to the signal received from the NDC transceiver equipment.

At the time interval set before the meeting of the missile defense system for the purpose of the time interval, the DCS transmits via the communication channel MRS - SAM to the AE NDC SAM KV, upon receipt of which the AE NDC fixes the last recorded value of the signal / noise level A _{(S / N) KV} and, multiplying it by the compensation coefficient background noise k = 1.2, which on average compensates for most of the noise interference, forms the NDC response threshold - S of the _target .

In this case, the NDC AE begins to continuously compare the signal reflected from the target, coming from the NDC transceiver equipment, with the set response threshold, if it is exceeded by a predetermined value - ΔS, it issues a command to detonate the warhead.

The calculated level S of the _target allows you to exclude various noise interference, as well as large reflections from local objects when working in a difficult background environment.

The value of exceeding the response threshold can be calculated by the formula:

ΔS = S _targets × (N-1),

where N ≥ 1 and is selected on the basis of data on the type of target and the conditions of convergence recorded at the time of launching the missile defense system, or transmitted over the communication channel of the MRLS - SAM from the TsVS SAM on the AE NDC.

The use of the totality of all the proposed and known features makes it possible to increase the effectiveness of hitting targets with guided missiles equipped with the NDC in a complex background environment, including low-flying targets, taking into account various background noise interference, including reflections from local objects, which lead to false positives of the NDC ...

Claims (7)

A method of hitting a target with a guided missile equipped with a non-contact target sensor - NDC, which includes launching a guided missile, aiming it on the target's oncoming course, receiving the NDC at the time interval set for the cocking command - KV for the purpose of the meeting, and then detonating the warhead - warhead of the guided missile, characterized in that after the launch of the guided missile with the help of the NDC, they begin to continuously record and record data on the background target situation when received on the HF time interval set before the meeting of the guided missile, analyze the recorded data on the background target situation, based on the results of the analysis, the NDC response threshold - S _targets and begin to continuously compare the level of the signal reflected from the target with it, provided that the NDC response threshold is exceeded by a predetermined value - ΔS issues a command to detonate the warhead of the guided missile, while the NDC response threshold is formed based on the condition: S _target = k × A _{(S / N) KV} , where k is the noise background compensation coefficient (k ≥ 1); A _{(S / N) KV} is the signal-to-noise level value registered and recorded by the NDC at the time of NDC reception at the time interval KV set before the meeting of the guided missile, and ΔS is calculated by the formula: ΔS = S _targets × (N-1), where N ≥ 1, is selected on the basis of data on the type of target, conditions of approach to it, and set before the start of a guided missile or during flight.

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