RU2613060C2 - Rapidly erected frame building - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to construction, particularly to rapidly erected frame buildings. Rapidly erected frame building comprises foundation, walls, floor coverings. Building walls consist of two rigid non-interconnected metal frames, inner carrying frame in form of vertical columns resting on foundation and external frame of similar design at distance. Internal and external frames vertical columns are made in form of tubes with lengthwise groove along their entire length, pressure tight interconnected with more strong locking elements with diameter equal to columns diameter, and with side recess with length equal to connected columns length.

EFFECT: technical result consists in improvement of structure strength.

1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to capital objects of civil and industrial construction, in particular to prefabricated frame buildings, and can be used in the construction of both low-rise and high-rise buildings with a long service life at temperatures from -50 to + 50 ° C and relative humidity up to 100 %

Currently, there is a tendency to reduce the time of construction of buildings with low-rise construction. To this end, in specialized factories it is possible to produce enlarged high-quality elements of a high-rise building, which are available for transportation to the installation site. With this approach, the construction goes into the stage of simple technological assembly.

The objective of the invention is to increase the strength of the structure, as well as a significant reduction in time and labor for installation of the building.

Known structural system for the construction of low-rise buildings with a metal frame (RF Patent No. 62128, IPC E04B, E04N. Constructive system for the construction of low-rise buildings with a metal frame / Kamynin SV, Kamenshchikov N.I., Lavrenkin Yu.A. LLC Taldom Profil ”, published March 27, 2007), including external load-bearing walls, internal load-bearing walls, partitions, structures for floors and attics with a frame of steel profiles, load-bearing trusses or beams, roofing and wall girders from steel profiles, where associated components formed on the base frame structure, made from thin-walled steel profiles, and teplozvukoizoliruyuschy material in walls and ceilings located within the height of the cross section frame members and protected inside vapor barrier film, and the outside - diffusion waterproofing film. The frame frame of the walls, partitions and ceilings is lined with plasterboard or gypsum-fiber sheets from the inside. Steel structural elements of walls, floors and roofs are provided with an anti-corrosion coating.

The disadvantages of the known structural system is that during construction there are significant restrictions on the height of the building and the length of the spans of the floors. Buildings constructed according to this system cannot be related to capital construction projects. Due to the limited wall thickness, the building will be “cold” in regions with winter temperatures below minus 25 ° С. Condensation will occur on the metal structures of the building, and the insulation material will gradually get wet, losing its heat-shielding properties. Molds and fungi may form inside the walls. When operating such structures in winter, they need to be excessively heated to remove moisture from the insulation layer. Fire inside or out will cause collapse of structures. In addition, the installation of external and internal load-bearing walls, partitions, interfloor and attic floors, as well as sealing of joints occurs at a height and includes a large percentage of manual work, which increases the risk of emergency situations.

Known pre-fabricated building (RF Patent No. 92037, IPC E04B, E04N. Pre-fabricated building / Gaidenko D.A., Lepchenko V.V., Sagaidak S.E., Semenov S.A., Khusid B.L., published 11.12 .2009), containing a roof, partitions, external walls with external and internal cladding, forming a fixed formwork, inside of which is placed a metal frame made of steel thin-walled profiles. The formwork is monolithically filled with lightweight cellular concrete with the formation of load-bearing walls. As lightweight cellular concrete, polystyrene concrete is used. External cladding-formwork of the external walls is made of fiber cement plate. The inner cladding-formwork of the walls, the cladding of partitions and ceilings is made of glass-magnesite sheets or fiberboard. The roof is made with skins, forming a fixed formwork, inside of which is placed a metal frame made of steel thin-walled profiles. The formwork is filled with lightweight cellular concrete.

The disadvantages of the known building is that during construction there are significant restrictions on the height of the building and the length of the spans of the floors. To create load-bearing walls, it is necessary to use heavier grades of monolithic polystyrene concrete, i.e. more thermally conductive and more expensive than those specified in the description of the utility model. Due to the limited wall thickness, the building will not be “warm enough” in regions with winter temperatures below minus 30 ° С. Condensation will occur on the reinforcing metal structures of the building, which over time can lead to collapse. In addition, the installation of fixed formwork of walls, floors and partitions, carried out manually, without tooling and equipment of building mechanization, significantly increases the duration of the construction of the building and reduces its economic efficiency.

Known prefabricated building (RF Patent No. 2479696, IPC E04B. Prefabricated building with a gable or mansard roof and the method of its installation / Cherepanov V.D., Volkov V.M., Cherepanov S.V., Volkova L.M., publ. 09/27/2012) containing wall panels, a folding roof and pediments. The technical result from the use of such a pre-fabricated building and the method of its installation is that it is possible to quickly erect a building with both a gable roof and an attic roof due to the assembly of prefabricated elements of high factory readiness and easily delivered to the installation site in a folded compact form. However, the disadvantage of this design is that the supporting frame is not designed for heavy loads, and when it is erected, there are significant restrictions on both the height of the building and the length of the spans of the floors.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed method is a method of erecting an energy-efficient frame building (RF Patent No. 2503781, IPC E04B. Prefabricated energy-efficient frame building / Shefer Yu.V., publ. 10.01.2014), in which the building consists of a foundation, walls , frame, floor, formwork sheets, has two unconnected metal frames, internal and external, and the space between them is filled with lightweight concrete.

The method of building construction consists of the following operations:

- installation of the supporting internal frame of the building on the foundation by fastening with bolts vertical columns of the required height;

- fixing the floor beams on the crossbars by welding and additionally bolted or riveted joints;

- filling hollow columns, girders and beams with heat insulating material;

- installation based on the foundation of the external frame of the building at the required distance from the internal frame and their fastening with the help of temporary clamps;

- fastening of formwork sheets to the floors, walls and the external frame of the building;

- laying the necessary communications in the formwork space;

- installation of window and balcony blocks;

- installation of the attic roof, the design of which is similar to the construction of the floor and is made of the same elements;

- pouring into the formwork space of a hardening solution of heat-insulating material (polystyrene concrete) in layers along the entire contour of the building with the dismantling of temporary fixatives.

A significant drawback of the known building is that the installation of walls, floors, including an attic roof, as well as the shuttering space, due to the large percentage of manual work performed at height, significantly increases the duration of the building.

An object of the invention is to increase the strength of the structure, as well as reducing the time of building erection due to mechanization of assembly and installation work in the manufacture of walls, floors, internal and external frames, including the roof, performed on pre-designed and manufactured mandrel templates with dimensions corresponding to the dimensions floor frames of the building.

The solution to this problem is provided by the fact that in the proposed prefabricated frame building, the internal frame, which is the main load-bearing element, is made in the form of vertical columns resting on the foundation. The columns are made in the form of pipes with a longitudinal groove along their entire length, followed by connecting the groove edges by tightly locking the locking elements with a diameter equal to the diameter of the pipes, and with a side notch with a length equal to the length of the connected pipes.

The invention is illustrated by the following drawings:

FIG. 1 - vertical section of a building;

FIG. 2 - horizontal section of the building;

FIG. 3 - installation of the inner frame of the building to the height of the floor of the building on the mandrel.

The frame building (see Figs. 1 and 2) contains the foundation 1, internal 2 and external 3 frames in the form of columns (pipes) 4 with a longitudinal groove along their entire length, locking elements 5 for connecting the columns, flooring 6, consisting of beams overlapping 7 and sheets of formwork 8, roof 9, formwork space 10, filled with lightweight concrete.

The mounting of the supporting inner frame 2 (see Fig. 3) consists in the fact that the columns 4 of the frame are hermetically connected by locking elements 5 over the entire height of the floor, and then are fixed on the prepared mandrel with a special clamping device (not shown here) in a cylindrical frame 2. Lock element 5 is made of a material that is stronger than the column and is a pipe with a diameter equal to the diameter of the columns and with a side notch with a length equal to the length of the connected columns.

The installation of the external frame 3, the formwork sheets 8 of the floors 6, the roof 9 is carried out according to the assembly technology of the internal frame of the building.

After mounting the internal and external frames in the building, even before the heat-insulating material is poured, the formwork space 10 is formed over the entire height of the building, which allows for internal work in any weather conditions.

Thus, the preliminary installation of the main structural elements of the building (internal and external frame, formwork sheets of flooring, roofs) on pre-prepared mandrels by connecting the columns with locking elements, provides a solution to the specified technical problem of the invention.

Claims (1)

A prefabricated frame building containing a foundation, walls, floors, formwork sheets, a roof forming a single connected formwork space of walls and floors, which is filled with lightweight concrete, while the walls of the building consist of two rigid, non-interconnected metal frames - an internal supporting frame in the form of vertical columns resting on the foundation and an external frame of a similar design at a distance of 0.1 to 1 m from the internal frame, characterized in that the vertical columns of the internal external scaffolds are in the form of pipes with a longitudinal groove along its entire length, sealingly interconnected locking elements stronger same diameter columns, and with a side notch of length equal to the length of connected columns.

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