RU2611157C1 - Composition for protection of seeds of asters, zinnias and nasturtiums from pathogenic fungi - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: composition for protection of seeds of asters, zinnias and nasturtiums from pathogenic fungi, which comprises potassium phosphite and water, is added with triticonazole, liposentol hydro, calcium propionate, and fine trigonella with the following ratio of components by weight %: potassium phosphite 0.5-3.0; triticonazole 0.3-1.5; liposentol hydro 0.3-2.0; calcium propionate 0.3-1.0; fine trigonella 0.5-1.5; water - the rest.

EFFECT: improved seed germination.

1 tbl, 3 ex

Description

The invention relates to the field of crop production and relates to compositions for protecting seeds of asters, zinnias and nasturtiums from fungal diseases.

The smallest spores of plant pathogens are fixed on the surface of the seeds after collection. During storage of seed material, spores are at rest, but immediately after planting seeds, pathogens of plant diseases fall into a favorable environment and begin to actively develop.

It is known that diseases arising from infected seeds are the main cause of deterioration in the quality of germination, contribute to a deterioration in plant power, and it is also possible that the diseases are easily transmitted between seeds during storage.

This can be avoided by fungicidal seed treatment before storing.

Many gardeners do not buy ready-made seeds, but prefer to save their seeds from their favorite flower varieties.

Seed diseases include seed damage by pathogenic fungi, which, when examined, can be visually invisible, for example, soft bacterial rot or fusarium.

To prevent such an effect, after collecting seeds, they are subjected to antimicrobial treatment before laying them for storage.

The well-known "Method of presowing treatment of seeds" (RF patent No. 2528436, class A61N 65/00, 2014).

Known means for treating seeds includes in its composition the juice of the plant of the knitting and ethyl alcohol.

However, the tool described in the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2528436, is characterized by a low range of antimicrobial activity, as well as the difficulty of obtaining funds.

The closest solution to the present invention is a composition comprising phosphorous acid or its salts as a fungicidal component and target additives used in agriculture (RF Patent No. 2140728, CL A01N 59/26, 1999).

The disadvantages of the known composition include the high content of the phosphorous component, which can lead to its ecotoxicity. The second fungicidal component is selected from the group also comprising sufficiently toxic components.

The technical problem solved by the invention is to improve the sowing qualities of plant seeds and improve the consumer characteristics of the composition through the use of eco-components and reduce the percentage of fungicides.

To achieve this objective, triticonazole, liposentol hydro, calcium propionate and fenugreek are finely dispersed with the following content of components in wt. %:

Potassium phosphite 0.5-3.0 Triticonazole 0.3-1.5 Liposentol hydro 0.3-2.0 Calcium Propionate 0.3-1.0 Finely divided fenugreek 0.5-1.5 Water rest

After collecting the seeds, they are treated with a fungicidal solution. In the present invention, potassium phosphite and triticonazole are selected as fungicidal components.

Potassium phosphite is an inorganic compound, a salt of potassium and phosphorous acid with the formula K ₂ (PHO ₃ ). In appearance, they are colorless crystals. It is highly soluble in water (Xiamen Vastland Chemical Co., Ltd., China).

Triticonazole is a high antimicrobial fungicide and is used to treat seed. The chemical formula is C ₁₇ H ₂₀ CIN ₃ O. Triticonazole effectively inhibits the development of pathogens of moldy seeds, powdery mildew. Unlike other fungicides, triticonazole does not adversely affect seed germination (AgroKhimZashita, Barnaul, Russia).

Calcium propionate E282 has antimicrobial properties, prevents the formation of bacteria and is used as a preservative (OOO Benefit-Chem, Russia).

The vitamin complex liposentol hydro contains d-panthenol, ethyl panthenol, nicotinic acid, ascorbic acid (TU RB 101541059.007-2000). This component has a significant antimicrobial effect, which significantly enhances the antimicrobial effect of other components of the composition of potassium phosphite and triticonazole.

Fenugreek is a plant from the legume family, used in the form of spices, as well as for the treatment of purulent wounds. It has antimicrobial properties.

Fenugreek is administered in a finely divided state (Amritha, India). Fenugreek contains lecithin in its composition, which contributes to the formation of an emulsion, as a result of which a more convenient substance of the antimicrobial composition of the seed treatment agent is formed.

All components of the composition are fire and explosion proof.

This is very important because seeds are laid for storage in rooms, sometimes wooden.

The percentage of the components of the composition is optimal and is identified on the basis of numerous experiments.

In the case of increasing the content of potassium phosphite in the composition above 3.0 wt. % there will be an unreasonably high consumption of the component, and the content of potassium phosphite is less than 0.5 wt. %, will lead to a decrease in the fungicidal characteristics of the composition, which will negatively affect the final result.

The content of triticonazole is less than 0.3 wt. % can lead to a decrease in fungicidal characteristics, and an increase in its content above 1.5 wt. % will result in unreasonably high component costs.

The content of calcium propionate is below 0.3 wt. % will lead to a reduction in shelf life, and the excess of its content above 1.0 wt. % impractical on expenses.

If liposentol hydro in the composition will be less than 0.3 wt. %, this will lead to a decrease in the antimicrobial effect of the composition, and an increase in the content of hydro liposentol more than 2.0 wt. % will lead to acidification of the composition.

The content of finely dispersed fenugreek in the composition affects the consumer characteristics of the composition.

If fenugreek finely divided in the composition will be less than 0.5 wt. %, this will lead to a deterioration in the application of the composition to the seeds, and its increase is more than 1.5 wt. % will lead to unreasonably high thickening of the composition.

The composition is obtained by simply mixing the components in the amount necessary to process a certain amount of seeds.

The seeds of asters, zinnia and nasturtium are harvested as the flowers bloom and the seeds ripen. It is desirable that the seeds be dry, as harvesting during rain significantly impairs the quality of the seeds.

After collecting the seeds, they are dried at room temperature.

Drying time is 1-1.5 weeks.

After drying, the seeds are sorted and processed with the proposed composition. For this, the seeds are mixed in a container with the product for 10 minutes.

After processing, the seeds are dried at room temperature 20-25 ° C in a ventilated area for 10 days, after which the seeds are laid in storage. Storage is carried out in foil bags to prevent moisture fluctuations. The most optimal storage temperature is 20-22 ° C.

Planting seeds in the ground is carried out in the spring. If necessary, you can sow seeds for seedlings, followed by planting in the ground.

Example 1

Seeds of asters (in the amount of 200 pcs.) Are collected in October, dried for a week in a ventilated room at a temperature of 25 ° C.

After drying, the seeds are sorted, damaged ones are removed, and then treated with the agent in the following ratio of components in wt. %:

Potassium phosphite 2.0 Triticonazole 1,0 Liposentol hydro 0.3 Calcium Propionate 0.6 Finely divided fenugreek 1,5 Water rest

Processing is carried out by stirring in the proposed composition for 10 minutes

After processing, the seeds are dried at room temperature in a ventilated room for 10 days, after which they are stored in sealed foil bags. Seeds should be protected from direct exposure to sunlight. By the beginning of planting in the soil, the safety of seeds is checked. Landing is carried out in the spring.

Example 2

Zinnia seeds (in the amount of 200 pcs.) Are collected and produce the same actions as in example 1.

Seed treatment is carried out by the proposed composition in the following ratio of components in wt. %:

Potassium phosphite 0.5 Triticonazole 1,5 Liposentol hydro 1,0 Calcium Propionate 1,0 Finely divided fenugreek 0.5 Water rest

Seed treatment is carried out by mixing in the proposed composition for 10 minutes

After processing, the seeds are dried at a temperature of 25 ° C in a ventilated area for 10 days. After drying, the seeds are stored in foil bags. Landing in the spring.

Example 3

Seeds of nasturtium (in the amount of 200 pcs.) Collect and produce the same actions as in example 1.

The treatment of seeds with the composition is carried out in the following ratio of components in wt. %:

Potassium phosphite 3.0 Triticonazole 0.3 Liposentol hydro 2.0 Calcium Propionate 0.3 Finely divided fenugreek 1,0 Water rest

After mixing in the composition for 10 minutes, the seeds are dried at 25 ° C in a well-ventilated area for 10 days.

After drying, the seeds are placed in foil bags.

Landing of nasturtium seeds in the soil is carried out in spring.

The effectiveness of the composition for seed protection was determined by germination and by visual inspection of seeds after storage.

For comparison, we selected Example 2 of the patent. RF №2140728 - a prototype.

To do this, 100 seeds of asters, zinnia and nasturtium were treated with an aqueous solution of potassium phosphite at a rate of 240 g / l and stored.

In addition, 100 seeds were put into storage without treatment with a seed protection composition.

The data are summarized in table 1.

The improvement of the sowing qualities of seeds is facilitated by the introduction of hydro propionate and liposentol hydro into the proposed composition of calcium, which significantly reduces the ecotoxicity of the agent and improves its consumer characteristics. These components are environmentally friendly.

It should be noted that the fungicidal components of the composition potassium phosphite and triticonazole in the interaction enhance the fungicidal effect of each other.

The content of finely dispersed fenugreek promotes the formation of a thin layer of antibacterial components of the proposed composition, which contributes to better storage and subsequent improvement of sowing qualities.

Claims (2)

Composition for protecting seeds of asters, zinnia and nasturtium from pathogenic fungi, including potassium phosphite and water, characterized in that triticonazole, liposentol hydro, calcium propionate and fenugreek are finely dispersed with the following content of components in wt. %: Potassium phosphite 0.5-3.0 Triticonazole 0.3-1.5 Liposentol hydro 0.3-2.0 Calcium Propionate 0.3-1.0 Finely divided fenugreek 0.5-1.5 Water rest