RU2607345C2 - Device for rolling stock units moving with jammed wheel pair - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: device for rolling stock units moving with jammed wheel pair is intended for fast output from railway of different rolling stock traction units with jammed wheel pair. Four device carriages have two spaced apart radius shaped stops with configuration, mirror to profile of rolling stock wheel pair rim. Mechanisms of carriages mutual movement have quickly installed tie-rods with base openings aligned with fixing slots. Quick detachable lanyards are installed on carriages external sides. Slots and air intake canopies are made in rollers axles opposite to through openings.

EFFECT: providing device mounting on wheel pairs of different diameter without adjustment of carriages, passage of small turn radius curved track sections, transportation on high speed, efficient cooling of rollers bearing assemblies.

1 cl, 10 dwg

Description

The invention relates to rail vehicles, in particular, to rollers and other means for moving and transporting rolling railway rolling stock along tracks.

A device is known for moving rail vehicles with a stuck or damaged wheelset (patent RU No. 116433 U1, IPC B61J 1/12, 07/20/2011), containing two carriages connected by rods, a hydraulic jack with a pump, carriage rollers mounted on a smooth , without protrusions, axis. The disadvantages of this design are:

a) the need for dismantling and subsequent installation of the roller of one of the carriages when installing the device on a damaged wheelset, which increases the time of the evacuation work, especially when working at low temperatures;

b) the absence of a mechanism for adjusting the wheel support of the wheelset in the device, during evacuation work, to the diameter of the wheels of the damaged wheelset, which can vary over a considerable interval (freight, passenger cars or locomotives have different wheel diameters);

c) the absence of hard contact of the device with the wheelset in the transverse direction, because the tolerance for the manufacture of the wheelset is not taken into account, in particular, the width of the rim of the wheels of the wheelset can be from 130 mm to 133 mm (according to GOST 9036-88), as a result of which backlash (sloshing) of the device relative to the wheelset in the transverse direction relative to the movement of the train is possible , which is dangerous when cornering and turnouts, and leads to the need to significantly reduce the speed of the damaged rolling stock to the repair base and the failure of train schedules in this railway direction;

d) since one of the running rollers, as indicated, is removable, a gap is necessary between the axis of the carriage and the inner sleeve of the roller (section BB), which inevitably leads to roller play on the axis, sliding friction of the sides of the roller on the side of the carriage, which causes additional heating of the roller during movement and also requires a decrease in the speed of the train.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed device for moving units of rolling stock with a jammed wheelset is a device for moving units of rolling stock with a jammed wheelset (patent RU No. 98382 U1, IPC B61J, 1/12 05/12/2010), adopted as a prototype and including carriages with running rollers and wheel stops, bearing cheeks, mechanisms for mutual movement of carriages with lead screws.

The disadvantages of the described design are:

a) as in the previous, the above "Device ...", in the prototype there is no hard contact jammed wheelset with carriages, because the wheels of a pair of wheels are in contact with the stop of each carriage only along one line of contact of the wheel rim with the plane of the stops, therefore, to keep the carriages in the direction of travel, a sufficiently strong, therefore, heavy construction of the bearing units of the device with transverse beams is required, which greatly complicates the prompt delivery of the carriage and its installation at the scene of the accident;

b) great effort is required to rotate the spindle of the device when lifting a damaged wheel pair of a car or locomotive above the rail head, because the lift is carried out due to the information of the bogies having inclined flat stops installed at an angle of approximately 45 °, along which the wheel, rising upwards, overcomes, in addition to the vertical load, a large friction force of sliding of the wheel rim along the inclined stops of the carriages;

c) massive bearing cheeks and cases, as well as a mechanism for the mutual movement of the carriages are located close to the rail heads, which makes it difficult for the transported rolling stock to cross turnouts of tracks with guiding flanges protruding above the rail head up to 30 mm high.

The objective of the invention is the creation of a device for moving units of rolling stock with a jammed wheelset, providing the ability to quickly mount it on a damaged pair of wheels with wheels of various diameters, with the subsequent transportation of damaged rolling stock at a speed of up to 40 km / h, also with the possibility passing curved sections of the path with a small turning radius and turnouts.

The problem is solved in that in the device for moving units of rolling stock with a jammed wheelset, containing carriages with running rollers and wheel stops, mechanisms for mutual movement of carriages, according to the proposed technical solution, the carts are made with wheel stops in the form of two spaced apart radial stops with the configuration, the mirror profile of the rim of the wheelset, the traction mechanisms of the mutual movement of the carriages are made with basing holes, combined fastening lanyards are also made on the outer sides of the carriages in their upper parts, also with base holes aligned with fixing grooves, similar to the holes on the rods of the mechanisms for the mutual movement of the carriages, the axes of the running rollers of the carriages are made with a through hole, on the rods of the mechanisms of the mutual movement of the carriages , opposite the through holes of the axes of the carriage rollers, grooves and rotating air visors are made.

The causal relationship between the totality of the essential features of the claimed invention and the achieved result is as follows:

- the implementation on each carriage of a device for moving units of a rolling stock with a jammed wheel pair of two spaced apart radial stops with a configuration, a mirror profile of the rim of a pair of wheels, makes it possible to install a device for moving units of a rolling stock with a jammed pair of wheels on existing wheelsets various diameters based on each wheel of the wheelset on four support lines, which are mirror-made two stops on two carriages holding each wheel, which provides a tight base of wheels of various diameters in the proposed device, also allows you to reduce the force required to lift the wheelset for transportation, because sliding friction, as in the prototype, is replaced here by rolling friction;

- the execution of the mechanism of mutual movement of carriages and turnbuckles of the base holes with locking grooves on the rods ensures quick installation of the device on a damaged wheel pair, without requiring the use of additional fasteners, which increases the convenience of mounting the carts with a reduction in its time;

- the installation on the outer sides of the carriages, in the upper parts of them, of quickly mounted turnbuckles prevents the rollers of the device blocks from going inside the track, allows you to lift the metal structures of the carriage bodies and rods of the mechanisms of mutual movement above the rail head, which allows the device to pass with curved sections mounted on it ways and passing of turnouts having flanges protruding above the rail head;

- the implementation of through holes in the axes of the carriage rollers and air intake visors around them, which can be rotated towards the movement of the train, provides air cooling of the roller bearing assemblies with the possibility of transporting a rolling stock unit with a damaged wheel set at a speed of up to 40 km / h. The greater the speed of movement of the composition, the greater the heating of the rollers, compensated by a correspondingly increasing flow of incoming air, which allows to increase the speed of movement of the composition.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where:

- in FIG. 1 shows a general view of a device for moving units of a rolling stock with a jammed wheelset mounted on a wheelset of rolling stock;

- in FIG. 2 is a view of the front carriage from the side of the cross member, with a spherical recess for stopping the screw of the tension mechanism for mutual movement of the carriages of the device;

- in FIG. 3 is a view of the front carriage from the side of the stops under the wheelset;

- in FIG. 4 is a view of the rear carriage from the side of the stops under the wheel of the pair of wheels;

- in FIG. 5 is a view of the rear carriage from the side of its rear screed;

- in FIG. 6 - section of the roller of the carriages along its axis;

- in FIG. 7 is a view of a mechanism for mutual movement of carriages;

- in FIG. 8 - the mechanism of tension of the mechanism of mutual movement of the carriages;

- in FIG. 9 - lanyard;

- in FIG. 10 is a section passing along the wheel of the wheelset, rollers and stops of the carriages in the position of the beginning of the rise of the wheelset.

A device for moving rolling stock units with a jammed wheelset (Fig. 1) consists of two front carriages 1 (right and left), two rear carriages 2 (right and left), two mechanisms for moving carriages 3 (right and left ), two identical turnbuckles 4. The device is shown in the position of its readiness for movement together with the jammed wheelset. In this case, the wheelset is raised above the rail head (by 20-25 mm).

The front carriage 1 (Fig. 2, 3) contains side cheeks 5 and 6, curved stops 7 and 8 with bearing surfaces, a mirror profile of the wheels of the wheelsets of the rolling stock, a cross member 9 with a spherical support recess for stopping the tension screw of the carriage mutual movement mechanism, four thrust bolts 10 with locknuts for their abutment on the side surfaces of the wheel rim of a damaged pair of wheels, couplers 11, handles 12 for carrying blocks in the form of welded cables with tubes and fasteners (bolts, nuts, screws). On the lateral, external, cheek 6 of the carriage 1, a pin 13 is installed with a shoulder for installing the lanyards 4 when mounting the cart on a damaged wheelset.

The rear carriage 2 (Fig. 4, 5) is made similar to the front carriage 1. The only difference is that instead of the cross member 9, the rear screed 14 is installed and instead of the lower stop 8, the stop 15 is installed, the ends of which protrude beyond the side of the carriage and have necks 16 with a protrusion at the ends for installation here rods mechanism for mutual movement of carriages.

The roller (Fig. 6) contains a housing 17 with an outer surface made according to GOST 9036-88 on railway wheels, an axis 18 with a central hole for cooling the assembly, two spherical bearings 19, fixed from lateral movement with an emphasis in the protrusion of the axis, where the main axial load with the emphasis of the outer protrusion of the wheel 20 into the rail head when the composition moves along the radius of the track. Spherical bearings, working in pairs, in addition to the radial load, can also bear an axial load of up to 30% of the radial load. The bearing cavity of the rollers is closed by a cover 21 with fasteners and cuffs.

This design of the rollers eliminates the friction of the sides of the roller on the sidewalls of the carriages, giving additional heating to the roller, which rotates at significantly higher speeds than the wheels of a pair of wheels, due to its smaller diameter. The presence of a through hole in the axis 18 provides intensive heat dissipation by the incoming air flow during the movement of the composition.

The mechanism for the mutual movement of the carriages 3 (Fig. 7, 8) contains an internal link 22 with holes 23 for putting the link on the cross member 24 of the tension mechanism 25 and the projections 16 of the stops 15 of the rear carriages when mounting the device at the accident site, the external link 26 (similar to the internal link) and additionally having through grooves with installed air intake visors 27 with the possibility of their rotation by 90 ° to meet the movement of the composition. The holes 23 of the rods have grooves mating with them, where, during mutual movement (mixing) of the carriages, they enter and fix:

- traction 22 and 26 (one end) from falling from the tabs 16 stops 15,

- traction 22 and 26 (second end) on the flats 28 crossbars 24 of the tension mechanism. In this case, the traction from turning is held by flats and occupy an approximately horizontal position without the use of any additional devices, which simplifies the installation of the device at the accident site.

Thrust bolts with locknuts are installed on both rods to stop the damaged wheel pair in the flange of the wheel, increasing the contact stiffness of the device with the damaged wheel pair. The tension screw 29 has a trapezoidal thread, one end is a square for installing a ratchet wrench, the second is made as a sphere for abutment against the cross member 9 of the front carriage 1. A fixing lock nut 30 and a flat folding washer 31 are installed on the screw 29 for fixing the lock nut.

Lanyard 4 (Fig. 9) is designed to connect the front and rear carriages on their outer sides relative to the wheelset. Turnbuckles are mounted on pins 13 (Figs. 2, 4), welded on the outer sides of the carriages, and are designed to be kept from getting off the carriages when the train is moving along the tracks of small radius of curvature characteristic of local communication routes. Turnbuckles, rigidly connecting the front and rear carriages from the side opposite to the flanges of the carriage rollers, exclude the carriage going inside the track, pressing the roller flanges against the rail and preventing the front carriages 1 from turning on the spherical support of the cross members 9 when moving along a small turning radius. Turnbuckles 4 are quick-detachable and are installed similarly to the rods of the mechanism for the mutual movement of the carriages, having basing holes with fixing grooves 33 (Fig. 9). Turnbuckles in the working position are fixed with locknuts 34 with folding lock washers 35.

In FIG. 10 shows a section along the wheel of a pair of wheels of a unit of rolling stock with front and rear carriages in the initial position for lifting with a mechanism for mutual movement of the carriages. The carriages, the traction mechanism of the mutual displacement are left and right to be installed on the right and left wheels of the wheelset respectively and are fully colored in different colors for ease of installation at the accident site.

A device for moving rolling stock units with a jammed wheelset is mounted at the accident site as follows:

- the delivery of the nodes of the device directly to the unit of rolling stock with jammed wheelset can be performed manually since all components of the device have a mass suitable for carrying by two people, for which on the heaviest parts, carriages, there are four handles in the form of welded cables with tubes put on them;

- Next, close to the wheels of the damaged wheelset, all the carriages of the corresponding design are put on the rails (Fig. 10). At the same time, they are supported by rollers on the rail heads, the stops 8 and 15 also lie on the rail heads, and the stops of the 7 carriages rest with their radius, curly, mirror rim of the wheels part of the wheels of the wheelset. The ribs of the wheels of the wheelset are included in the mirror-shaped recesses 36 (Fig. 3, 4) of the stops 7, 8 and 15 (Fig. 10), providing good basing of the carriages in the transverse direction when lifting the wheelset;

- then thrusts 22 and 26 are installed on the projections 16 of the stops 15 of the rear carriages 2. The tension mechanisms 25 are installed with their crossbars 24 into the holes 23 of the rods 22 and 26;

- tighten the tensioning screws 29 until they stop in the spherical recesses of the cross members 9 of the front carriages 1 (Fig. 10). Then, using ratchet wrenches worn on the squares of the tension screws 29, the specified screws are tightened. In this case, the cylindrical part of the protrusions 16 of the rear blocks 2 and the ends of the cross members 24 of the tension mechanisms 25 (with their flats 28) go into the grooves of the holes of the rods 22 and 26 until they stop, and then the wheelset rises until the stops 8 and 15 (lower in the carriages) touch the circles skating wheelset wheelset. The wheelset is raised above the rails. In this case, the traction mechanism of the mutual movement of the carriages 3 pass and are fixed in a horizontal position due to the grooves 28 on the crossbars 24 (Fig. 8);

- tighten the locknuts 30 on the screws 29 in the tensioning mechanisms (Fig. 8) and lock themselves with the folding washers 31. The stop bolts 10 on all the carriages and rods of the mechanisms for mutual movement of the carriages are tightened against the rims of the wheelsets and additionally excluding the transverse backlash the nodes of the device relative to the wheelset, providing controllability of the device when passing curved sections of the railway track;

- are installed on the outside of the carriages of the turnbuckles 4 (Fig. 1), they are pulled up and locked by the folding washers 35 of the lock nut 34 on them. The air intake visors 27 (Fig. 7) are turned towards movement on the rods of the mechanisms for mutual movement of the carriages.

The rolling stock unit is ready to move.

When lifting a pair of wheels, a run-in occurs with radiused curved stops 7 (Fig. 10) of the rims of the wheels of a pair of wheels with rolling, rapprochement on the rollers, front and rear carriages. Thus, the wheelset rises above the rail heads, and significantly less rotation force of the tensioning screw 29 is required (the effort of one person is sufficient), because in this case, unlike the prototype, the sliding friction of steel on steel is changed to the rolling friction of the radial bearing surfaces of the stops 7 along the rims of the wheels of the wheelset.

This device for moving units of rolling stock with jammed wheelset is universal for existing operating units of rolling stock, because two spaced apart radial curved stops on each carriage provide installation and reliable basing of the device on wheelsets of existing rolling stock units without any adjustments to the carriages. Only the magnitude of the stroke of the tension screw 29 is changed, the length of which should be sufficient to install the cart on various units of the existing rolling stock.

The first prototype of the device was manufactured, which successfully passed operational tests, providing convenient and quick installation of the device on damaged wheelsets of various units of rolling stock and their transportation at a speed of up to 40 km / h.

Claims (1)

A device for moving units of rolling stock with a jammed wheelset, containing carriages with running rollers and wheel stops, mechanisms for mutual movement of carriages, characterized in that the carriages are made with wheel stops in the form of spaced apart radial curved stops with a configuration, a mirror profile of the wheel rim pairs of rolling stock, traction mechanisms for the mutual movement of the carriages made quickly installed with basing holes, combined with the locking grooves , in the upper parts of the carriages on their outer sides quick-mounted turnbuckles are made with holes similar to the holes on the rods of the mechanisms for mutual movement of the carriages, the axes of the rollers of the carriages are made with a through hole, and on the rods of the mechanisms of the mutual movement of the carriages, opposite the through holes of the axes of the rollers, grooves and rotating air visors.

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