RU2607159C2 - Method of orthopedic elimination of exostosis in partial or complete adentia - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to medicine, namely to orthopedic dentistry, and is intended for orthopedic elimination of exostosis in patients with partial and total loss of teeth. Partial or complete removable plate prosthesis is used, which includes base of prosthesis, artificial teeth, fixing elements. For prosthesis manufacturing jaw stamps are obtained and model is made. On model exostosis area is isolated with basic wax 2–4 mm with overlapping of borders by 1–5 mm. Prosthesis base is made. At outer side of prosthesis screw is set, at inner side metal plate is set with thickness of 0.1–0.3 mm corresponding to exostosis area. An elastic lining is made, which fixed at ends to prosthesis base and fills isolation area. Mediated pressure is applied on area of exostosis through elastic pad, by rotating screw and displacing it along axis in direction of exostosis, resulting in displacement of metal plate. After achieving result screw, metal plate, elastic pad are removed and prosthesis is re-based.

EFFECT: method enables forming adequate prosthetic bed for further orthopedic alignment without surgical preparation.

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Description

The invention relates to medicine, in particular to orthopedic dentistry, and is intended for orthopedic elimination of exostoses in patients with partial and complete absence of teeth.

On the lower and upper jaws there are bone protrusions, called exostoses. They are usually located in the premolar region on the lingual side of the lower jaw and vestibularly on the upper jaw. Exostoses can cause balancing of the prosthesis, pain, and mucosal injury. In such cases, prostheses are made with isolation of exostoses or make a soft lining in these areas; in addition, the edges of the prosthesis must overlap these bone protrusions, otherwise the functional value of the prosthesis will be impaired.

The doctor marks the contours of exostoses on the gypsum model with a chemical pencil and indicates the thickness of the insulation strip. To isolate bone protrusions on a gypsum model, tin, lead or other foil with a thickness of 0.2 to 0.4 mm or more is used. Foil plates are cut with metal scissors in size and shape of the marked bone protrusions and attached to the model with universal glue. After polymerization of the prosthesis, the foil remains on the inner surface of the base, from where it is removed after polishing the prosthesis. The edges of the formed depressions are smoothed (Abolmasov NG, et al. Orthopedic dentistry. Moscow, MEDpress-inform, 2003, 496 pp.).

The traditional technique isolates exostosis in the jaw without causing the elimination of exostosis when using the prosthesis. To eliminate exostosis using the surgical method of removal.

The technical result to which this invention is directed is achieved through the use of the method of orthopedic elimination of exostoses with partial or complete absence of teeth, the screw is activated and a metal plate of appropriate sizes is displaced in the exostosis region, exerted pressure on the exostosis contributes to its reduction in volume.

The method of orthopedic elimination of exostoses with a partial or complete absence of teeth consists in using a partial or complete removable laminar denture, including the basis of the prosthesis, artificial teeth, fixing elements, for the manufacture of which impressions from the jaw are made, a model is obtained, the exostosis region is isolated on the model with the base wax 2-4 mm with overlapping borders by 1-5 mm, the basis of the prosthesis is made, a screw is installed on the outside of the prosthesis, a metal plate 0.1-0.3 mm thick is installed on the inside of the prosthesis, respectively of the existing region of exostosis, an elastic lining is made, which is fixed at the edges to the base of the prosthesis and fills the isolation area, indirect pressure is exerted on the exostosis region through the elastic lining, rotating the screw and moving it along the axis in the direction of exostosis, as a result of which the metal plate is displaced, after the achieved effect, a screw, a metal plate, an elastic lining are removed and the prosthesis is relocated.

The proposed invention is as follows. With a partial or complete absence of teeth, impressions from the jaws are removed. To obtain impressions, alginate (for example, Ypeen) or silicone impression masses A, C-silicones (for example, Speedex, Express) are used. Models are made of ordinary gypsum. The boundaries of a partial or complete removable prosthesis are applied to the model, the boundaries of exostosis are noted. The exostosis region is isolated on the model with a base wax of 2-4 mm with a border overlap of 1-5 mm.

The basis of the prosthesis is made of wax, a screw is installed on the outside of the prosthesis, and a metal plate 0.1-0.3 mm thick corresponding to the exostosis region is installed on the inside of the prosthesis. An elastic lining is made, which is fixed along the edges to the base of the prosthesis and fills the insulation area.

When the screw rotates and displaces it along the axis in the direction of the exostosis, the metal plate is displaced, the pressure is exerted indirectly through the elastic lining.

After the achieved effect in the treatment of exostoses, an adequately formed prosthetic bed, a screw, a metal plate, an elastic lining are removed and the prosthesis is relocated.

The proposed method for orthopedic elimination of exostoses was used in 7 patients with partial and in 2 patients with complete absence of teeth. Screw activation was performed after 1-1.5 months. The formation of a favorable prosthetic bed for removable prosthetics was observed after 6-10 months. The duration of treatment depended on the severity, volume, localization of exostosis in the jaw, type of bone tissue (according to K.E. Mish).

Using the method of orthopedic elimination of exostosis with a partial and complete absence of teeth in the clinic of orthopedic dentistry allows you to create an adequate prosthetic bed for further orthopedic treatment without surgical preparation. The results of prosthetics are good.

Claims (1)

The method of orthopedic elimination of exostoses with partial or complete absence of teeth, which consists in using a partial or complete removable laminar denture, including the basis of the prosthesis, artificial teeth, fixing elements, for the manufacture of which impressions from the jaw are made, a model is obtained, the exostosis region is isolated on the model with a base wax of 2-4 mm with an overlap of borders of 1-5 mm, the basis of the prosthesis is made, a screw is installed on the outside of the prosthesis, a metal plate 0.1-0.3 mm thick is installed on the inside of the prosthesis, respectively of the existing region of exostosis, an elastic lining is made, which is fixed at the edges to the base of the prosthesis and fills the isolation region, indirect pressure is exerted on the exostosis region through the elastic lining, rotating the screw and moving it along the axis in the direction of exostosis, as a result of which the metal plate is displaced, after the achieved effect, a screw, a metal plate, an elastic lining are removed and the prosthesis is relocated.