RU2294173C1 - Method for producing individual spoon with hot shaping - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: method involves taking anatomical imprint using standard spoon from toothless jaw and producing plaster model. Reference points of maximum flexibility, additional boundary of supposed isolation cavity and future individual spoon boundaries along transition fold are traced on the plaster model. The model is covered with insulating layer. The individual spoon is produced by applying hot shaping process. Flexible thermoplastic is first used layer-by-layer. The first soft layer is used for obtaining the whole prosthesis bed insulation. Next layers form low-flexibility areas. The soft thermoplastic surface layer is smeared with mineral butter hard thermoplastic molding is done and solid base is thus produced from hard plates. Flexible thermoplastic material is removed. Individual spoon handle is created.

EFFECT: high quality differential functional imprint production; uniform chewing pressure distribution; no contact interaction with acrylic plastics.

7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to medicine, in particular to orthopedic dentistry, and can be used to obtain functional prints for prosthetics of toothless jaws, especially under adverse topographic and anatomical conditions of the prosthetic bed.

A known method of obtaining an individual impression spoon by removing the anatomical impression of a standard spoon with a toothless jaw and obtaining a gypsum model (Auth. Certificate. No. 1018631 of the USSR. Klemin VA, Pavlenko VM Method for manufacturing an individual spoon. M. Cl ³ A61C 9 / 00. - Published on May 23, 83. - Bull. No. 19).

However, this method is time-consuming, involves working with acrylic plastics and does not allow further obtaining a high-quality differentiated functional impression due to the unequal compliance of the mucous membrane of the tissues of the prosthetic bed. This contributes to the uneven distribution of chewing pressure under the basis of the prosthesis and, as a result, to the strengthening of the processes of atrophy of supporting tissues.

The objective of the invention is to obtain a high-quality differentiated functional impression, uniform distribution of chewing pressure on supporting tissues and the absence of contact with acrylic plastics.

The task is quickly and efficiently achieved by manufacturing a differentiated individual impression spoon using thermoforming technology. To do this, on the gypsum model, they indicate the landmarks of the zones of greatest compliance, the additional boundary of the proposed insulating cavity and the boundaries of the future individual spoon along the transition fold. Next, the model is covered with an insulating layer and molded. At the same time, elastic thermoplastic with a thickness of 1-1.5 mm is first used in layers, depending on the degree of compliance of the mucous membrane, the first soft layer of which is used to isolate the entire prosthetic bed, and the next layers - of the less pliable areas. Then the surface layer of the soft thermoplastic is lubricated with petroleum jelly and molded with a solid thermoplastic 3.2 mm thick. Thus, a rigid base is obtained from solid thermoplastic plates. Elastic thermoplastics remove and create the handle of an individual spoon. After removal of the elastic layers of the thermoplastic, an individual spoon in the oral cavity will adhere differentially to the bone base of the prosthetic bed, depending on the degree of compliance of the oral mucosa. In the first place, sections of the buffer zones will be squeezed, and subsequently, zones with pronounced compliance and, lastly, with the least degree of compliance.

The invention is illustrated by figures.

The figure 1 shows the plaster model with the boundaries of the spoon.

The figure 2 shows the manufacture of a soft layer.

The figure 3 shows a cut off at the borders of a layer of soft thermoplastic.

The figure 4 shows the molding of a rigid thermoplastic individual spoon.

The figure 5 shows the removed layer of soft thermoplastic.

The figure 6 shows the finished individual spoon.

The figure 7 shows the layout of the layers of thermoplastics in an individual spoon.

The method is as follows.

The anatomical impression is removed with a standard spoon from the edentulous jaw, the gypsum model is cast using the resulting impression, and the points of greatest compliance and the boundaries of the future individual spoon are marked with a pencil on the transitional fold, and also, having retreated 2-4 mm inward, draw an additional border of the proposed insulating cavity ( figure 1).

Prepare models for thermoforming. For this, the working surface of the model is covered with a thin insulating layer of isginine. The model is molded with a soft thermoplastic and cut off along the shortened border 1 mm from the future individual spoon, the second layer of soft thermoplastic is cut 2 mm from the border, and also areas with pronounced suppleness are freed (Fig. 2).

Thus, for the subsequent uniform squeezing of the mucous membrane, respectively, its compliance, isolation is obtained: the first layer of soft thermoplastic - the entire prosthetic bed, and the subsequent layers - unstable areas. Namely: on the upper jaw it is: the apex of the alveolar process, tubercle of the upper jaw, the region of the middle suture. In the lower jaw it is: the apex of the alveolar ridge, the internal oblique line, exostoses, the chin spine (Fig. 3).

The surface layer of the soft thermoplastic is lubricated with petroleum jelly and molded a second time with a solid thermoplastic (figure 4).

Cut a hard layer of thermoplastic with a milling cutter along the largest border of an individual spoon. Remove the inner soft layer of thermoplastic (figure 5).

An individual spoon handle is created and the design is ready for a functional impression (Fig. 6).

Thus, on the cast, and then on the model, the relief of the mucous membrane of the prosthetic bed is differentiated with respect to the degree of compliance. The basis of the future prosthesis will adhere to the most pliable mucous membrane and stand a certain distance from the less pliable mucous membrane, which will ensure uniform pressure on the bone and mucous membrane during compression of the jaws (Fig. 7).

Claims (1)

A method of obtaining an individual spoon, including removing an anatomical impression with a standard spoon from a toothless jaw and obtaining a gypsum model, characterized in that the plaster model indicates the landmarks of the areas of greatest compliance, the additional boundary of the proposed insulation cavity and the boundaries of the future individual spoon along the transition fold, the model is covered with an insulating layer , and an individual spoon is obtained using the technology of thermoforming, with the use of elastic thermoplastic in the first place, first me Kim insulation layer which is obtained just prosthetic bed, and subsequent layers - malopodatlivyh portions, then the surface layer of soft thermoplastic lubricated with Vaseline otformovyvayut solid thermoplastic and rigid substrate prepared from solid plates, elastic thermoplastics removed and create individual spoon handle.

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