RU2546502C1 - Method of preparing gypsum model of jaw before package of basic plastic - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: in oral cavity of patient in prosthesis bed flexibility of mucous membrane is measured in oral cavity of patient in prosthesis. Borders of poorly flexible areas are determined. Before packing basic plastic paste on model in cuvette, on prosthesis bed borders of poorly flexible areas are outlined. They are extended for 1.5-2 mm in towards flexible areas. Durable insulating material with width not less than value of flexibility of mucous membrane is fastened on said extended boarders of poorly flexible areas. Cuvette with gypsum model is filled with paste of basic plastic and placed under the press. Plastic polymerisation is carried out. After polymerisation prosthesis is extracted from cuvette and processed.

EFFECT: method, due to preparing gypsum model of jaw before packaging basic plastic, makes it possible to reduce excessive pressure, trauma and atrophy of prosthesis bed tissues in the area of poorly flexible areas of prosthetic bed.

Description

The invention relates to medicine, namely to orthopedic dentistry, and can be used in the manufacture of full and partial removable dentures.

In the manufacture of removable dentures, one has to solve the difficult task of transmitting differentiated chewing pressure through the basis of a removable denture (full and partial) to the tissue of the prosthetic bed and, first of all, to the mucous membrane. It is known that the compliance of the mucous membrane of the prosthetic bed in different areas is not the same. In addition, there are toothless jaws with bony protrusions: on the upper jaw, the torus of the palate, on the lower jaw, the hyoid torus and exostoses from the lingual surface of the alveolar part in the premolar region, which are covered with a poorly mucous membrane.

Many methods have been proposed for relieving the mucous membrane of poorly pliable areas of the toothless prosthetic bed from chewing pressure using a removable denture base. And basically these are methods for producing functionally differentiated impressions for the manufacture of removable dentures.

There is a way to obtain a differentiated functional impression (RF patent No. 2196899). The main disadvantage of this method: it is very difficult to determine the depth of the notches on an individual spoon on the "eye", which leads to inaccuracies in the manufacture of removable dentures.

A known method of obtaining a differentiated cast (P. Tanrykuliev “Clinic and prosthetics of patients with toothless jaws. Ashgabat: Magaryf, 1988), on models for the manufacture of individual spoons in areas of the pliable areas of the prosthetic bed, apply a layer of gypsum with a thickness of 1.5-2 mm. The disadvantages of the method: it is impossible to accurately apply a layer of gypsum, and the insulation thickness of 1-1.5 mm is a conditional value.

A method for obtaining a differentiated functional impression with a full removable prosthetics (RF patent No. 2271771) is also proposed. Disadvantages: the method is used only in the complete absence of teeth, it is quite long in time, requires special accuracy (which is extremely difficult) and the application of an individual spoon with impression material on the patient's jaw when receiving the impression.

A close analogue (prototype) of our proposed method is “Isolation of bony protrusions” on poorly pliable toothless areas with foil - Fig. 171 in the book “Denture Technology” M., 1967, V.N. Kopeikin et al. S.245-247. The positive side of this method: poorly pliable sections of the mucous membrane of the prosthetic bed are isolated almost at the last stage of manufacturing a removable prosthesis, which increases the accuracy of manufacturing a removable prosthesis. Disadvantages: there are no individual data on the compliance of the mucous membrane of the prosthetic bed for each patient, i.e. the thickness of the foil is almost the same.

The technical result of the proposed method of preparing a gypsum model of the jaw before packing (molding) the base plastic is aimed at reducing excessive pressure, trauma and atrophy of the tissues of the prosthetic bed in the area of the pliable areas of the prosthetic bed.

The essence of the present invention lies in the fact that the method of preparing the gypsum model of the jaw before packing the base plastic, which includes making and gluing insulating material on the pliable areas of the prosthetic bed of the gypsum model and measuring the compliance of the mucous membrane on the prosthetic bed and determining the boundaries of the slightly malleable sections, and before packing the test of base plastic on the model in a cuvette on the prosthetic bed, the boundaries of the pliable areas are drawn, they are expanded by 1.5-2 mm in the side of the malleable zones and on these slightly malleable areas, a strong insulating material with a thickness not less than the malleability of the mucous membrane along the extended boundaries of the malleable areas is glued.

A method of preparing a plaster model of the jaw before packing (molding) the base plastic is as follows.

After the wax basis of the removable prosthesis from the cuvette is melted on the plaster model of the jaw, the plots are marked on the prosthetic bed with pencil (draw) small or poorly compliant areas, according to the data obtained in the patient's oral cavity. The degree of compliance of the mucous membrane of the prosthetic bed is measured with a Lira-100 apparatus, special attention is paid to the degree of compliance of the mucous membrane of the prosthetic bed at the borders of small and poorly compliant zones. As an insulating material used, for example, tin foil. The thickness of the foil was equal to the compliance of the mucous membrane of the prosthetic bed along the border of a less or less compliant zone (s). Usually, the boundaries of few or non-compliant zones are expanded by 1.5-2 mm to exclude excessive chewing pressure on the mucous membrane of these areas with the basis of a removable prosthesis. Next, we dry the gypsum model of the jaw with air and glue the foil plate (s) to the gypsum model along the borders marked with a pencil. As an adhesive, various cements for fixing dental crowns and other adhesives were used.

After that, a very thin layer of insulation (oil, etc.) was applied to the entire surface of the prosthetic bed with a tin (tin) plate to prevent gluing of the gypsum to the plastic. The gypsum model cell was filled with a base plastic dough and placed under a press. Next, the polymerization of plastic was carried out in a known manner. A removable prosthesis was removed from the cuvette and processed. The finished prosthesis (without tin plates) was handed over to the patient.

We made 25 removable prostheses (18 full and 7 partial) according to the proposed method for 12 patients. The results are good. Patients did not need correction of the bases of removable prostheses due to the lack of pressure and trauma to the mucous membrane of the prosthetic bed in the area of slightly malleable zones.

Claims (1)

A method of preparing a gypsum model of the jaw before packing basic plastic, including manufacturing and gluing insulating material onto the pliable areas of the prosthetic bed of the gypsum model, characterized in that the compliance of the mucous membrane on the prosthetic bed is measured and the boundaries of the slightly flexible areas are determined, and before packaging the test of the base plastic for the model in the cuvette on the prosthetic bed, outline the boundaries of the few pliable areas, extend them by 1.5-2 mm towards the pliable areas and on these few hot areas stick strong insulating material with a thickness of not less than the compliance of the mucous membrane along the extended boundaries of the slightly flexible areas.