RU2605136C1 - Waterborne vehicle for amphibious vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transportation.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to amphibious vehicles. Waterborne vehicle is a displacement non-self-propelled body with a streamlined shape and dimensions, selected from a condition of optimal reduction of hydrodynamic resistance. Body consists of a front, two lateral and bottom parts. In bottom part there are openings for contact of ground propulsor of amphibia with bearing surface and water supply to propulsor of amphibia. Body can be secured in its internal volume of amphibia.

EFFECT: reduced hydrodynamic resistance of amphibious vehicle when moving afloat, increased margin of buoyancy, increased duration of stay and distance travelled by vehicle afloat, increased navigability when overcoming a breaking wave.

3 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to means for providing new seaworthiness to floating amphibians in order to reduce the overall hydrodynamic resistance and increase the speed of movement afloat. It is also possible to use a watercraft for transportation in the internal volume of floating sealed containers by towing.

Known craft for the equipment of armored vehicles "Alligator", known from RU 2371350 (publication date 10/27/2009, B63B 35/34, B60F 3/00). The craft contains two side pontoons made of metal sheets with the formation of a box-shaped L-shaped plan with nasal pointed contours. A deep tunnel is provided in the aft part of the pontoons to accommodate the propeller, nozzle and steering stabilizer. Pontoons are fixed on the armored vehicle through the bow and stern mounts. Between the pontoons in front of the armored car is a wing. Between the aft extension of the pontoons behind the body of the armored vehicle are two aft inserts. The wing and inserts are fixed on the inner sides of the pontoons. A disadvantage of the known solution is:

- the inconvenience of its storage at the base and on the landing ship due to the large mass and volume;

- the need for vehicles (cars, trailers, material handling equipment, etc.) and qualified personnel for loading and transportation to the installation site or to the landing ship;

- the inconvenience of use in conditions of rapid response, because the pontoons according to the invention are mounted by the crew for 20 minutes and require the presence of handling equipment and space for mounting the structure. When landing a large number of troops for the installation of pontoons and the formation of the marching order of the landing, hours are required.

With all the advantages of the Alligator watercraft, its design only provides buoyancy of the armored vehicle and is not able to reduce hydrodynamic resistance and increase the speed of the amphibious vehicle afloat at the same engine power.

The problem solved by the invention is to create a simple and easy-to-use watercraft, while capable of increasing the speed of the amphibious vehicle afloat by giving the amphibious machine hydrodynamic contours and proportions adopted in shipbuilding. The solution of these problems ensures the achievement of a technical result, which consists in reducing the hydrodynamic resistance of an amphibious vehicle when moving afloat, increasing the buoyancy margin, increasing the length of time and distance covered by the vehicle afloat, and improving seaworthiness when overcoming the breaking wave in order to expand functionality, including "over-the-horizon" landing.

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that, in contrast to the known watercraft, consisting of two displacement pontoons and suspended between them at the attachment points of an armored car or amphibian, the proposed solution is a displacement non-self-propelled hull with a streamlined shape and dimensions selected from the condition of optimal reduction of hydrodynamic resistance , consisting of a bow, two side and bottom parts, with openings in the bottom part to ensure contact of the ground amphibian mover with the support surface and to ensure the supply of water to the amphibian mover, and made with the possibility of fixing in the internal volume of the amphibian.

The housing can be made monoblock or collapsible. Fuel tanks are located in the onboard parts of the craft.

The essence of the proposed solution is illustrated by the example of using the Cayman craft for equipment of the BMD-4 Airborne Landing Vehicle with the following drawings, where

- in FIG. 1 shows a top view of the Cayman without BMD-4;

- in FIG. 2 - rear view of the Cayman watercraft without BMD-4;

- in FIG. 3 is a side view of the Cayman amphibious craft;

- in FIG. 4 is a side view of the Cayman with caterpillars with amphibians removed;

- in FIG. 5 is a side view in section of a craft "Cayman" with amphibian;

- in FIG. 6 is a top view of a Cayman amphibious craft.

- in FIG. 7 - transportation of the Cayman craft on the BMD-4.

The ship (see Fig. 2) contains the bow 1, two side parts 2, the bottom 3 and looks like a normal ship's hull, but without the stern. The bottom part 3 has openings for providing contact of the ground amphibian mover with the supporting surface 4 and openings 5 for providing water intake to the jet or other amphibious navigational mover.

A distinctive feature of the invention is the implementation of the craft in the form of a displacement non-self-propelled hull. The housing can be made monoblock (solid) or collapsible. So, to reduce the dimensions during transportation and storage of the craft, the bow 1 can be made removable.

To achieve a technical result, the essential features are the dimensions and parameters of the outline of the hull of the craft. They are selected from the conditions of optimal reduction of hydrodynamic drag and increase seaworthiness. Since the vehicle contains an amphibious vehicle, its dimensions are larger than the moved amphibian in order to ensure a smooth transition from the bow to the main body, so that there are no sharp corners and, as a result, turbulence and loss of resistance. The bow of the boat has a larger volume than amphibian in order to prevent the car from diving when leaving the ship’s ramp into the water and when breaking the breaking wave.

The shape of the hull of the craft is designed in such a way as to ensure a decrease in hydrodynamic resistance, for example, a sharp-pointed or round-bonesed dog. To determine the rational use of round and sharp-edged contours, the mode of movement is taken into account: displacement, transitional or planing. The shape of the hull ensures that the watercraft functions as a hydrodynamic fairing and eliminates resistance to movement from the elements of the chassis and body of the machine, smooths out all protruding parts, ensures a smooth transition of the stem to the midship frame, increased displacement and stability.

The dimensions of the craft and the parameters of the contours are determined from the conditions:

- ensuring placement in the internal volume of an amphibious vehicle;

- reduction of hydrodynamic drag due to giving streamlined contours;

- ensuring the mobility of the complex on a solid supporting surface (the maximum possible angles of descent and entry to the shore, from the shore and from the ramp and onto the ramp of the landing ship, maximum ground clearance);

- the possibility of circular artillery fire afloat;

- mobility and logistics - transporting a motor vehicle by road, rail and air transport and storing the ship on the shore or landing ship.

In the airborne parts 2 of the watercraft, fuel tanks of 6 volumes are placed, providing the necessary cruising range (about 100 km). The design of the craft includes elements for attaching to the hull of a particular amphibian (accelerated mooring system) and mooring and towing devices (not shown in the drawings).

The accelerated mooring system consists of pyrotechnic locks mounted on the hinges of the combat vehicle body using fingers with pins and controlled from the control panel.

In FIG. Figure 3-7 shows the Cayman with the integrated amphibian - Desant Fighting Vehicle - BMD-4-7.

The practical application of the claimed invention is shown in the following example. BMD-4 has the following dimensions: length 6100 mm, width 3115 mm, weight 13.6 tons. Based on the conditions for optimal reduction of hydrodynamic resistance and increased seaworthiness, a ship in a specific embodiment has dimensions: length 1200 mm, width 3700 mm, volume 16 m ³ . The hull form of the craft is witty.

BMP-4, equipped with the proposed craft, acquires new seaworthiness in comparison with the base machine:

- buoyancy - displacement increases by 1.5-2 times;

- stability;

- speed - afloat speed increases by 2-2.5;

- 2-fold increase in fuel supply;

- seaworthiness - landing with excitement up to 3-4 points is possible.

Using the complex of the proposed craft with BMD-4 can fundamentally change the landing of armored vehicles in the landing zone. At present, the landing of the first echelon of landing is carried out from landing ships, for which they must come either close to the coast or directly to the coastline in the zone of enemy fire. The invention provides landing and the formation of the first landing wave at a distance of 20-40 km, off-line, and landing ships are able to approach in the second echelon after seizing the bridgehead, which can significantly reduce losses from enemy fire.

The use of watercraft is as follows.

In preparation for landing, the amphibian moves inside the vehicle on its own in such a way that the ground amphibious mover contacts the supporting surface, and the inlet openings of the amphibian navigational mover are opposite the holes in the bottom of the ship. Then the craft using the fasteners is fixed on the amphibian. Amphibian moves under its own power either into the dock chamber or onto the ramp (depending on the type of landing ship) and enters the water. After turning on the navigational mover, the complex, consisting of a watercraft and amphibian, begins to move towards the coast.

The movement of the complex afloat is controlled by amphibian means.

When the complex approaches the landing zone, the boat undocks from the amphibian with the help of an accelerated mooring system and the amphibian moves on its own. The boat can be used reusable or disposable.

It is also possible to use a watercraft for carrying out a transport operation from shore to ship, or from ship to ship, or from shore to shore.

When self-floating sealed containers (including oversized ones) or containers with fuel, but not having acceptable seaworthiness, are placed in the internal volume of the vessel, they can be towed from the landing ship to the landing point or between two ships, or between two coastal points.

The invention has a simple design, convenient in operation, and also allows you to give the complex, consisting of a watercraft and amphibians located in it, new improved seaworthiness, reduce the overall hydrodynamic resistance and, when using an amphibious navigational mover, increase the speed afloat.

Claims (3)

1. A floating vehicle for equipment of amphibious vehicles, characterized in that it is a non-self-propelled displacement hull with a streamlined shape and dimensions selected from the condition of optimal reduction of hydrodynamic resistance, consisting of a bow, two side and bottom parts, with openings in the bottom to ensure contact ground amphibious mover with a supporting surface and to ensure the supply of water to the amphibian mover, made with the possibility of fixing in the internal volume of the amphibian. 2. The ship according to claim 1, characterized in that the hull is a monoblock or collapsible. 3. The watercraft according to claim 1, characterized in that fuel tanks are located in the airborne parts of the watercraft.

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