RU2604894C1 - Sound screen - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: acoustics; construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to noise reducing structures. Sound screen contains foundation base, bearing base, transverse posts, lengthwise profiles, rear sound-reflecting panel, face sound transparent panel, perforated with through holes, sound-absorbing panels. Sound-absorbing panels of sound screen are made as blocked separate structural container-type modules, presented by cavity containers with dismantled covers of automotive bodies of accumulator batteries, which ended their life cycle. Isolated container-type modules are mounted in separate cells of bearing base, presented by sheet or rod-shaped bearing matrix structure secured to cross bars, and/or longitudinal profiles and/or rear sound-reflecting panel and/or base of sound screen. Along perimeter folding parts of openings of each of cavernous container with dismantled covers of automotive bodies of accumulator batteries closing covers are coupled without gaps, using corresponding adhesive substances and/or mechanical connections, which are equipped with integrated open neck parts, forming frequency-adjusted sound power absorption devices in form of Helmholtz resonators, made by corresponding selection of their base composite structural elements, which are volume of cavity container V_k of separate structural container-type module with closing cover, geometrical length h and area of flow section of open neck part, made in form of one perforation hole, or total area of cross-section of open neck part of defined areas of separate components of flow passages of several identical in geometric form and dimensions perforation holes with flow section area F_holes of each of n_holes, determining total area of flow passage of open neck part n_holes·F_holes, frequency-adjusted sound power absorption device in form of Helmholtz resonators according to given formula and/or open neck parts of closing covers, equipped with integrated open neck parts, forming Helmholtz resonators, are presented by tubular elements, attached to them in consoles, flow section area F_holes, geometrical length h and dynamic length l_R of neck part, which is determined according to given formula, conductivity of open neck part of acoustic Helmholtz resonator, determined by given formula, free end sections, cuts of which are located inside and/or outside container-type modules with installed closing covers.

EFFECT: reduced contamination of environment.

14 cl, 27 dwg

Description

The invention relates to noise reduction structures and, in particular, to noise-proofing screen elements designed to protect residential areas of settlements from negative noise exposure generated by vehicles, power and industrial equipment installed along roads and railways, airfields, open sections of subway lines, close to test sites, noise-active construction and production sites or any other sources of increased noise emissions qualified as technical objects producing negative acoustic pollution of the environment. In these cases, both people and animals living in residential areas (forests, fields) adjacent to the marked noise-active objects are negatively affected by noise radiation, causing, inter alia, disruption of the processes of their mating and productive reproduction.

Due to the fact that the direct functional purpose of the claimed technical device is to protect residential areas from negative noise pollution, the terminological name is adopted as a noise shield (hereinafter - SHZ). This type of technical device, as a rule, is installed on appropriate foundation foundations in the immediate vicinity of the source (sources) of noise radiation and contains power supporting elements in the form of vertical posts and horizontal profiles, on which flat or curved soundproofing and sound-absorbing panels made of various structural materials.

The descriptions of some typical designs of SCE used to reduce acoustic pollution of the environment are given, in particular, in [1, 2].

[1] Transport noise. Per. from English K.G. Bomstein edited by V.E. Tolsky, G.N. Butakova and B.N. Melnikova, Transport, 1995, 368 pp.

[2] Tyurina N.V. Calculation and design of acoustic screens. Materials of the international acoustic conference dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the birth of E.Ya. Yudina, October 30, 2014 / Ed. A.I. Komkina. - M.: MSTU. N.E. Bauman, 2014, p. 289 ... 304.

According to the above descriptions with the diagrams and photos given in them, it follows that they can be represented as monolithic and collapsible structures made of metal (aluminum, stainless steel, galvanized steel), reinforced with chip-cement (dyurisol, veloks), wooden ( impregnated wood), polymethimethacrylate (PMMA). Along with sound-reflecting panel elements, the structure of SHZEs can include sound-absorbing panel elements, as well as various types of translucent panels made of polycarbonate plastic, or breaks are made to arrange free passages with counter screens to overlap them, and / or opening soundproofing are used doors, the corresponding supporting power and fastening elements, the supporting base of the ShZE, decorative elements are included. The geometric shape of the BZE can be represented by both flat vertical and L-shaped structures, as well as curved and sail-like non-planar forms. Along with the required (specified agreed design requirements) acoustic (noise-reducing) characteristics, the design of the BZE must have acceptable (sufficient) durability strength and stiffness characteristics in order to withstand the negative effects of climatic conditions (atmospheric precipitation, wind and snow loads, seismic effects) possess the required corrosion resistance, fire resistance and aesthetic appearance. According to the source [1], some technical versions of the structural elements of the ШЗЭ are shown in the presented photos on pages 302 ... 304 (Fig. 13 ... 17). The computational schemes used to determine the acoustic (noise-reducing) characteristics of typical structures of the BZE, according to the cited source [2], are given on pages 291 ... 294 (Fig. 2 ... 6). The main and most important drawback of this type of known typical technical solutions is the lack of effective sound-absorbing elements in the structure of the BECs that do not provide an acceptable high irreversible dissipative conversion (dissipation) of the energy of the incident low-frequency sound waves into thermal energy. In many cases, a significant proportion of the propagated sound energy is re-emitted (in some cases, amplified) by translucent and / or dynamically excited composite structural elements of the BEC. At the same time, a significant proportion of sound energy is freely distributed through the upper part (upper edge) of the ShZE to the inhabited (residential) territories adjacent to the ShZE. To the greatest extent, the design flaws of the known SHZ technical devices are manifested precisely in the low-frequency sound range, the energy absorption efficiency in which, for known typical SHZ designs, is rather low, and this type of SHZ design is essentially sound-transparent and ineffective.

According to the source [2], the acoustic efficiency (noise-reducing efficiency) of the BEC increases by 3 dB with an increase in the frequency of sound per octave (ie, 2 times). In this case, the dependence of acoustic efficiency on the overall height of the SCE is non-linear. With an increase in the height of the BEC from 1 m to 2 m, the acoustic efficiency increases by 3 dB, from 2 m to 3 m by 2 dB, from 5 m to 6 m by 1 dB, and thus slows down. Installation of a porous sound-absorbing material with a sound absorption coefficient of 0.4 ... 0.8 on the front surface of the ShZE makes it possible to increase the acoustic efficiency of the ShZE by 2 ... 7 dB. L-shaped structures of the BZE of identical height and structure of materials in comparison with the BZE of a flat vertical design provide an additional increase in acoustic efficiency up to 3 dB.

Typical SHZ designs have the lowest acoustic efficiency (noise-reducing efficiency) in the low-frequency sound range, which is dominant in terms of sound pressure in the spectra of traffic flows. In particular, as follows from the information source [1] (see Fig. 7.1 on page 120), the broadband octave spectrum of sound radiation shown in it, recorded at the facade of a building with heavy traffic, is of a pronounced low-frequency nature, indicating that it is concentrated in octave frequency bands with centers of 63, 125, 250 Hz. As follows from fig. 9.3 (p. 168) of the same quoted source, the dominant sound radiation is concentrated in an octave band centered at 125 Hz. It was determined on the basis of a statistical analysis of external motor vehicle noise during heavy traffic of the ATS of 5400 rpm with a share of trucks in the total flow of 6%. In fig. 10.2, p. 184 [1] also shows the 1/3 octave spectrum of the external noise of a moving locomotive, measured at a distance of 25 m from the axis of the railway track, which also indicates the dominant contribution of low-frequency components concentrated mainly in 1/3 octaves with centers 100 and 125 Hz in recorded broadband sound radiation.

From the US patent for the invention US 4007919 (publ. 02.15.1977), the European patent for the invention EP 0213521 (publ. 08.16.1986), the French patent for the invention FR 2780074 (publ. 06/19/1998), the German patent for the invention DE 10159160 ( published on June 26, 2003), the international application for the invention WO 2007/120061 (published on January 25, 2007), it is known to use various types and technical designs of this type of shielding structures, qualified in the form of the declared soundproofing, soundproofing, soundproofing, acoustic ShZE.

From the German patent for the invention DE 19804862 (publ. 08.10.1998), the German patent for the invention DE 10251506 (publ. 07.22.2004), the European patent for the invention EP 1031671 (publ. 30.08.2000), the UK patent for the invention GB 2251256 ( publ. 01.07.1992), US patent for invention US 5942736 (publ. 24.08.1999), there are known typical designs of SHZ, comprising vertical racks and horizontal profiles, a rear sound-reflecting panel made of a dense structural material and perforated through holes or appropriately milling the faceplate (e.g., zigzag profile limb or slotted perforation holes) arranged with a predetermined air gap with respect to a reflecting rear panel. As a result, these designs of this type of SHE form both sound-reflecting and resonant noise-reducing structures formed by the sets of formed open resonator necks and closed chambers (Helmholtz acoustic resonators), which make it possible to achieve a certain degree of absorption of the energy of incident sound waves tuned to a relatively narrow frequency range. . The narrow-band frequency range of sound absorption of this type of technical devices is their significant drawback for the necessary broadband damping options for typical broadband (characterized by a wide frequency band of sound radiation) sources, as follows from [1]. There are also possible structural variants of the SHZ with the arrangement in the cavity formed between two panels (rear sound-reflecting and sound-transparent front) of families of oversized acoustic resonator chambers, each of which provides a different tuned noise reduction effect, recorded in separate different frequency ranges of sound (noise) ) spectrum. However, for this type of design, the indicated types of SCZ designs, for practical dimensional and layout reasons, have insufficiently wideband effects of sound energy absorption in the required frequency range. In particular, there are very limited opportunities for their expansion due to the practical use of an insignificant number of this type of small dimensions that differ in the frequency tuning of narrow-band acoustic resonator cameras. In most cases, this does not sufficiently reduce negative noise radiation, in particular, from vehicles and / or noise-producing industrial and energy equipment generated in a fairly wide, low-frequency range distinguished in the spectrum, perceived by the human ear.

For the possible extension of the frequency range of effective damping of sound energy in the descriptions of a German patent for invention DE 3012514 (publ. 08.10.1981), European patent for invention EP 1077446 (publ. 02.21.2001), US patent application US 2003/0006090 (publ. 01.01.2003), the international application for the invention WO 2007/140728 (publ. 13.12.2007), various combined designs of BZEs are proposed for use, in which a monolithic flat is placed in the cavity formed by the rear sound-reflecting panel and the front sound-transparent (perforated) panel Tob sound absorbing panel made mainly of a porous sound absorbing fibrous material based on natural, synthetic or mineral fibers. At the same time, the indicated sound-absorbing panel can be mounted on the upper horizontal profile of the screen using appropriate mechanical fasteners, with the subsequent formation of a predetermined air gap relative to the front soundproof and rear soundproof panels, which allows to increase the absorption efficiency of low-frequency sound. There are also options for backlash-free mounting of flat sound-absorbing panels on the surface of the rear sound-reflecting panel using sticky adhesive adhesive coating. To exclude possible contamination and getting into the porous structure of a flat-sheet sound-absorbing panel of atmospheric precipitation, small amorphous particles, moisture, and operating fluids, its front surface (in some cases, end surfaces) is faced with an external protective sound-transparent layer of a gas-impermeable film or fabric.

The disadvantage of the technical solutions discussed above is, first of all, the insufficiently high acoustic (noise-reducing) effectiveness of this type of monolithic, single-layer, flat-sheet sound-absorbing panel used in the structure of SHZE. This is due to the unsatisfactory sound-absorbing properties of plane-sheet panel structures, characterized by a pronounced abrupt change (sharp mismatch) in the wave resistance of the physical process of propagation of sound waves at the dividing boundary of the plane-surface face layer of the plane-sheet sound-absorbing panel and the adjacent elastic air environment. As a result, this causes a corresponding spasmodic sound-reflecting and, accordingly, reduced sound-absorbing effect, worsening the noise-reducing qualities of the SHE.

In the patent of the Russian Federation for the invention RU 2155252, publ. 08/27/2000, the design of the SHZ is described, which contains vertical support racks and horizontal profiles, on which noise-reducing modules isolated from each other are mounted. Each of these noise-reducing modules contains a rear sound-reflecting panel, a front sound-transparent panel perforated through holes, a monolithic flat-sheet sound-absorbing panel of fibrous non-woven material (mineral wool). At the same time, a single-sheet monolithic flat-sheet sound-absorbing panel is mounted on the inner surface of the lower horizontal profile, completely filling the air gap between the rear sound-reflecting and front sound-transparent panels. To exclude structural vibrational excitation and, as a result of this, re-emission of spurious sound energy in the form of a structural sound, the rear sound-reflecting and front sound-transparent panels communicate with the attached SHE elements through the corresponding vibration-damping clamps of a trough-like cross section. Despite the fact that the specified technical solution to some extent solves the problem of reducing the structural vibrational excitation of the components of the SCE and the subsequent attenuation of the reradiation of spurious structural noise by them, the acoustic modules used are not sufficiently effective from the point of view of absorption of medium and high frequency noise, transmitted by airborne airborne radiation path from a radiation source (sources) of sound energy (noise sources). This is due to both the insufficiently high acoustic (noise-reducing) effectiveness of the used porous structure of the material, presented in the form of monolithic flat-sheet sound-absorbing panels, and the weakening of possible realizations of increasing potentials for more effective absorption of sound energy, due to their irrational placement. Also, in the design of the technical device under consideration, diffractive dissipative mechanisms of absorption of sound energy are not sufficiently implemented, arising from the propagation of sound waves at the boundaries of the free end parts (ribs) of noise-reducing modules (perimeter edge zones of the back sound-reflecting and monolithic flat-sound-absorbing panels). The considered technical solution is also characterized by a relatively high cost and unsatisfactory environmental performance.

, где S_эл - площадь проекции на лицевую поверхность несущей основы меньшей по площади из близлежащих обособленных звукопоглощающих панелей, закрепленных на ней. При этом ширина воздушного зазора, образованного между лицевыми поверхностями обособленных звукопоглощающих элементов и поверхностью лицевой перфорированной панели, лицевыми поверхностями обособленных звукопоглощающих элементов и поверхностью тыльной звукоотражающей панели находится в диапазоне z=2…20h_зп, где h_зп - толщина обособленных звукопоглощающих панелей, определяемая размерностью сечения перпендикулярной лицевой поверхности несущей основы. Со стороны размещения обособленных звукопоглощающих панелей поверхность шумопонижающего элемента футерована защитным слоем звукопрозрачной газовлагонепроницаемой пленки или ткани.As a prototype, the RF patent for the invention RU 2465390, publ. 10.27.2012, which describes the design of the BZE, which contains load-bearing elements made in the form of transverse struts and longitudinal profiles, a sound-absorbing element located with a given air gap in the cavity between the rear sound-reflecting panel and the front translucent sound-permeable panel perforated through holes. The sound-absorbing element contains a load-bearing base of sheet perforated or mesh type, fixed to horizontal profiles and / or the base of SHE with mechanical fasteners, lined with at least one of its sides, separated by sound-absorbing panels. Separate sound-absorbing panels are represented by a combination of crushed fragments of porous fibrous or foamed open-cell materials, which are surface-distributed in a certain way and fixedly mounted on the surface of the carrier base, with the formation of corresponding air gaps between them. The value of the equivalent air gap formed between the adjacent end (face) surfaces of the separate sound-absorbing panels does not exceed

, where S _el - the projection area on the front surface of the carrier base is smaller in area from the nearby separate sound-absorbing panels mounted on it. The width of the air gap formed between the front surfaces of the separate sound-absorbing elements and the surface of the front perforated panel, the front surfaces of the separate sound-absorbing elements and the surface of the rear sound-reflecting panel is in the range z = 2 ... 20h _zp , where h _zp is the thickness of the separate sound-absorbing panels, determined by the dimension section perpendicular to the front surface of the carrier base. From the side of the placement of the separate sound-absorbing panels, the surface of the noise-reducing element is lined with a protective layer of a soundproof gas-impermeable film or fabric.

The technical result achieved by the indicated design solution presented in the prototype is to increase the acoustic (noise-reducing) efficiency of the technical device, with the resulting resource-saving effect, realized by reducing the consumption of porous material of sound-absorbing panels, to reduce environmental pollution due to the use of sound-absorbing as the original substances of recyclable technological waste and defective production, as well as recycled products oh utilization processing of acoustic materials (parts and assemblies made of acoustical material), particularly from dismantled technical objects, such as automobiles, have completed their life cycle, providing ultimately reduce the cost of manufacturing this type of design SHZE. The technical noise-reducing result in these cases is achieved due to the creation of physical conditions for the intensification of the dynamic deformation processes of the formed more compliant porous skeleton of the small-sized crushed fragmented structures of porous sound-absorbing panels used in the structure of the SHE from the arising force action of the sound waves incident on them, with the accompanying irreversible dissipative dissipative sound energy. There is also an emerging enhancement of the edge diffractive dissipative mechanism of energy absorption of sound waves, which is realized on the free end perimetric parts of the structure of individual isolated fragmented porous sound-absorbing panels. At the same time, the active area of the outer layer of the sound absorption surface of this type of surface distributed crushed structures increases, due to the inclusion in the physical process of sound absorption of the formed numerous end parts of porous sound-absorbing panels.

The disadvantage of the technical solution presented in the prototype is the indicated use as a sound-absorbing substance of separate sound-absorbing panels made exclusively of porous air-blown sound-absorbing materials, in the absence of dense air-blown structures, which are also forced in large volumes to be disposed of and / or energetically “environmentally friendly” dirty "burning process. In addition, in the indicated planar surface-distributed, in the form of a corresponding layer of a noise-reducing structural element, the possibility of increasing the sound-absorbing efficiency of the SCE is insufficiently realized, as this is realized due to their potentially possible random chaotic distribution, characterized by the formation of numerous communicating tortuous channels formed between randomly multi-layer crushed sound-absorbing elements placed with contacting faces. It should also be noted the complexity of the technological process of manufacturing this type of sound-absorbing element according to the prototype, caused by the need to comply with a given spatial-gap arrangement of each of the individual sound-absorbing panels (crushed sound-absorbing elements) relative to each other, as reflected in the description and formula of the considered invention (prototype) . The disadvantage of the considered technical device according to the prototype may also be the lack of potential for the use of utilized large-sized case parts of various technical objects that do not require (requiring limited) additional recycled technological processes, for example, how this can be attributed to the use of existing undestroyed cavity tanks cases with dismantled covers of automobile batteries (AAB), made x polymeric materials (preferably polypropylene) have completed their life cycle and to be in connection with the disposal (recycled utilization processing, energy recycling, disposal in cemeteries).

As you know, most of the methods used for separate separation of AAB components to be disposed of are based, in particular, on sequential technological procedures for the preliminary destruction of their polymer bodies, followed by the implementation of hydrodynamic separation technologies using a washing chamber with nozzles, a sieve vibrating conveyor, rotating saw blades, devices separation of heavy and light fractions (see patent RU 2276622, priority date 07/15/2003) or based on selective mechanical crushing AAB cases pre-heated to a temperature of 35 ... 50 ° C by mechanical shock pulses of a given repetition rate, sieving crushed AAB fragments through a sieve of a given cell size, after which flotation separation of non-metallic components from metal in an aqueous suspension with a density of 1.1 ... 2 times higher density non-metallic components (see patent SU 272912, priority date 11/11/1968). One of the known recycling methods for processing AAB includes the steps of carrying out a technological procedure for mechanical crushing of bodies into individual fragments, subsequent dimensional sorting of crushed particles using an original screw device (see patent RU 2444096, priority date 12/20/2007). There is also a method that implements the technological procedure for the utilization of AAB by means of operations of mechanical crushing, drying and pneumatic separation into metal and nonmetallic fractions using the corresponding gaseous heat carrier heated to a temperature of 150 ... 200 ° C (see patent SU 552650, priority date 22.01. 1976).

Along with the implementation of typical technological processes for crushing AAB polymer cases, when they are separately separated into separate components - lead-containing (zinc-containing) scrap, electrolyte liquid and AAB case polymer material (polypropylene), AAB components can be separated separately by cutting the cover of the AAB case with the corresponding type of cutting instrument followed by dismantling of metal and liquid components from the cavity of the AAB housing. Thus formed housing AAB with a dismantled cover can be considered as a semi-finished element for the recycling of AAB, which can be used as an integral structural element of the proposed technical device SHZ.

The technical result achieved by the claimed invention, in comparison with the prototype, provides the following:

- reduction of environmental pollution by solid waste, including non-porous dense structures of polymeric materials, excluding the use of "environmentally dirty" technologies for their thermochemical transformations to obtain granular substances for their possible secondary use in structures of constituents of the same type of polymeric materials as dosed additives, and / or by excluding the processes of their energy utilization by burning, and / or their disposal in burial grounds as unused solid floors measured waste;

- the use in the design of SHE of sound-absorbing panels made up of interlocked detached container-type housing modules, represented by cavity tanks of available serial (manufactured by industry) housings with dismantled AAA covers that have completed their life cycle and are subject to recycling;

- the use of frequency-tuned acoustic energy absorption devices in the form of Helmholtz acoustic resonators in the design of SHEs of sound-absorbing panels, which makes it possible to purposefully control the effect of absorption of sound energy (sound-damping effect) in a given frequency range and, in particular, in the current low-frequency range of transport noise emissions;

- simplification, in comparison with the prototype, of the technological processes of manufacturing a BZE by eliminating certain technological operations of a given surface distribution and fixing, ensuring the specified values of the air gaps between the individual crushed fragmented sound-absorbing panels, as part of a prefabricated sound-absorbing element (as is the case in the prototype) ;

- the cost reduction of the technical device ShZE.

The stated technical problem is solved due to the fact that, in contrast to the well-known technical device of the ShZE according to the prototype, which contains a foundation base, a supporting base, transverse struts, longitudinal profiles, a rear reflective panel, a front soundproof panel perforated through holes, in the claimed ShZE designs sound-absorbing panels are made in the form of multi-cell interlocked detached container modules of container type, represented by cavity containers in a dismantled covers automotive batteries have completed their life cycle and are subject to (exposed), in connection with this, the utilization processing. In this case, separate container-type housing modules, represented by cavity containers of bodies with dismantled covers of automobile batteries, are mounted in separate cells of the carrier base, represented by a sheet or rod carrier matrix structure, fixed to the transverse struts, and / or longitudinal profiles, and / or to the base noise screen. In the cavity tanks of the separate container-type housing modules, represented by the cavity tanks of the automobile battery cases, as one of the technical versions, separate crushed fragmented sound-absorbing elements with a total volume not exceeding 0.3 of the volume of the corresponding cavity capacity of the separate container-type container module can be partially placed presented in the form of a housing with a dismantled lid of a car battery with mounted closing cap comprising an open neck portion. On the perimeter flanging part of the opening of each cavity capacity of the casing with the dismounted lid of the car battery casing, it is unobtrusively, using the appropriate adhesive and / or mechanical connection, a closure lid is included that contains an integrated open neck portion, which, as a result of such coupling, forms a frequency-tuned device for absorbing sound energy into Helmholtz acoustic resonator.

Component parts of SHE, including foundation base, supporting base, transverse struts, longitudinal profiles, rear sound-reflecting panel, interlocked detached container-type housing modules, supporting base in the form of a sheet or bar bearing matrix structure, isolated crushed fragmented sound-absorbing elements, closing covers equipped with integrated open throat, form, as a result of interfacing with the cavity tanks of the separate container modules of container ty PA, represented by cases with dismantled AAB covers, frequency-tuned devices for absorbing sound energy in the form of Helmholtz acoustic resonators. The used soundproofing gaskets and / or viscoelastic vibration-damping material, at least in separate mating zones contacting with mating components, can be fastened into monolithic structural modular elements using soundproof adhesive adhesives (sticky adhesive, thermoactive).

Used sound-transparent adhesive compounds of the components of the SHE can be, in particular, represented:

- sets of spaced thin continuous lines or broken lines of sticky adhesive;

- hot-melt perforated film or fibrous fabric layers of thermoactive adhesives;

- continuous sticky adhesive layer with a specific surface weight of ≤100 g / m ² ;

- a continuous layer of thermosetting hot melt material characterized by a specific surface weight of ≤50 g / m ² .

Separate crushed fragmented sound-absorbing elements placed in the cavity tanks of AAB housings can be made of identical or different types of structures and grades of utilized sound-absorbing materials, characterized by identical or different physical characteristics, chemical composition, porosity, quantity and combination of used types of structures of porous layers in the composition single and / or multilayer combinations thereof, identical or different geometric shapes and overall dimensions, about constituted from solid polymeric utilized wastes, represented mainly in the form of parts that were technologically processed by crushing of porous sound-absorbing structures, dismantled from utilized technical objects, mainly parts of noise-insulating packages of vehicles that have completed their life cycle, and / or from technological wastes and rejects from the production of porous sound-absorbing materials and details of them.

The cavity of the resonator chamber, as part of the used samples of Helmholtz acoustic resonators, can be partially filled with a porous sound-absorbing substance, preferably made in the form of separate crushed fragmented sound-absorbing elements made of identical or different types and grades of porous sound-absorbing materials that have identical or different physical characteristics, chemical the composition, porosity, tortuosity of pores, the number and combination of types of pore structures true layers in the composition of single and / or multilayer combinations, identical or different geometric shapes and overall dimensions, located mainly in a linear size range of 5 ... 100 mm. The volume of each of the separate crushed sound-absorbing elements should be in the range of values of V _f = 4.2 × (10 ^-9 ... 10 ^-2 ) m ³ , and the filling of the volume of the cavity tanks of the separate container modules of the container type, represented by cases with dismantled covers AAB and with mounted closing covers containing an integrated open throat part, separated by crushed sound-absorbing elements does not exceed 0.3 volumes of these cavity containers.

The claimed range of changes in the values of volumes V _f used isolated crushed fragmented sound-absorbing elements, on the one hand (the lower limit value equal to 4.2 × 10 ^-9 m ³ ), is limited mainly by the technological capabilities of manufacturing. On the other hand (the upper limit value equal to 4.2 × 10 ^-2 m ³ ), the values of the volumes V _{f of} isolated crushed fragmented sound-absorbing elements are limited mainly by the need to achieve acceptable acoustic (sound-absorbing) efficiency.

Separate crushed fragmented sound-absorbing elements made of dense (non-porous) polymeric airborne materials can also be placed in the cavities of the aforementioned isolated container modules of the container type.

The end cap with integrated open neck can be made of polymeric materials such as polypropylene, polyamide, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene. The rear sound-reflecting panel can be made of dense structural material (metal - aluminum, stainless steel, galvanized steel, reinforced chip-cement - durisol, velox, wood - impregnated wood, polymer - polymethimethacrylate, or a multilayer composition of several dissimilar materials).

The tubular element contained in (integrated into the composition) of the open neck portion of the closure cover may contain additional damping elements, represented as through holes of perforations made in the corresponding zones of its wall, and / or contain a porous air-blown tube installed in the cavity of the tubular element overlapping its bore, and / or contain a porous air-blown fabric layer mounted on at least one of the end sections of the tubular ele cient, and / or include a porous fabric layer vozduhoproduvaemy mounted at least in limited areas of the wall surface of the tubular member in the zones of location of the perforations.

The porous air-blown plugs installed in the cavities of the tubular elements of the open throat parts of Helmholtz acoustic resonators can be made of air-blown foamed open-cell or fibrous sound-absorbing materials. Porous air-blown plugs placed in the cavities of the tubular elements of the open neck parts of the Helmholtz acoustic resonators are spatially located in the middle and / or in the zones of the quarters of the dynamic lengths l _{R of the} tubular elements of the open neck parts of the Helmholtz acoustic resonators. Held in the walls of the open throat parts of Helmholtz acoustic resonators, additional damping channels represented by through holes of perforation with a total cross-sectional area F _per.o. should be no more than 0.05 of the area of the passage section S _{T of the} corresponding cross section of the tubular element of the open neck of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator, in the plane of which there are through holes of perforation. Thus, they are characterized by the coefficient of perforation of the wall of the tubular element of the throat portion of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator:

Separate container-type housing modules, represented by cavity tank containers with dismantled AAA covers, which have completed their life cycle and are subject to recycling in this regard, can be fixed in separate cells of the carrier base using appropriate adhesives or mechanical fasteners such as lock joints , remote fasteners, profiles, mounting frames.

Established internal partitions contained in separate container-type housing modules in the area adjacent to the closing cover can be partially cut to ensure communication of air cavities bounded by these partitions (to prevent crushing of the air cavity into several smaller overall dimensions).

The open throat part of the closing cover can be represented by a tubular element cantilevered to it (integrated with it), the open end section of which is located inside and / or outside the cavity capacity of the container-type housing module under consideration, and can also be represented by one (single) or many identical dimensions and geometric shapes of perforation holes made directly in its wall. A porous air-blown fabric layer (non-woven fabric layer), or an air-blown layer of a microperforated polymer film, or an air-blown layer of micro-perforated, can be mounted on a limited part of the wall surface of the closing cover, in the area where at least one perforation hole is located, using an appropriate adhesive substance metal foil material. The thickness of the air-blown layer of these structural materials is 0.025 ... 0.25 mm, specific surface weight 20 ... 200 g / m ² , and their resistance to blowing by the air flow is in the range of 20 ... 500 N · s / m ³ .

The frequency-tuned device for absorbing sound energy, presented in the form of an Helmholtz acoustic resonator, is made by a corresponding interconnected choice of its basic component structural elements (parameters) - the volume of the cavity capacity of each of the separate container-type housing modules associated with the closing cover V _k , geometric lengths h and passage areas sections open throat portion represented by the flow area of one single or several perforation holes n _holes dentichnyh dimensions and geometric shapes, an area of the flow section F _holes single perforations or each of the n _holes open neck portion defining a total flow area open neck portion n _{of holes} · F _holes, each of a part of the sound energy absorption Helmholtz resonator apparatus, and determining its resonant frequencies f _R according to the expression:

where f _R is the resonant frequency of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator, Hz;

c is the speed of sound, m / s;

π = 3.14;

k - conductivity open neck portion of a Helmholtz resonator formed in a single or multiple perforation holes n _holes of identical dimensions and geometrical shapes, determined according to expression (3), m;

V _k - the volume of the chamber of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator, represented by the cavity capacity of a separate container-type housing module with an installed closing cover, m ³ ;

where F _holes - flow area of a single perforation or hole of one of n _{of holes} of identical dimensions and geometrical shapes, formed in the closure cap, formed as an open neck portion of a Helmholtz resonator, m ^2;

n _holes - the number of perforations forming the open neck portion of a Helmholtz resonator, with the embodiment the open neck portion of a Helmholtz resonator multiple feed channels of identical dimensions and geometrical forms of n _holes perforation holes formed in the wall of the closure cap with an integrated open neck portion;

h - the geometrical length of a neck portion of Helmholtz acoustic resonator m, presented wall of the closing cap thickness with Integrated open neck portion in the area of execution unit or one of the plurality of apertures perforation identical dimensions and geometrical forms of n _holes contained in the composition of the open neck portion of a Helmholtz resonator;

- динамическая длина открытой горловой части акустического резонатора Гельмгольца, представленной одним (единичным) или несколькими идентичных габаритов и геометрических форм n_отв отверстий перфорации, выполненных в замыкающей крышке с интегрированной открытой горловой частью толщиной стенки, представленной ее геометрической длиной h с учетом соответствующего ее динамического удлинения на величину

, присоединенными к открытой горловой части единичного отверстия перфорации или одного из нескольких отверстий перфорации n_отв идентичных габаритов и геометрических форм, дополнительными колеблющимися массами воздуха, м.

- dynamic length of the open neck portion of a Helmholtz resonator provided with one (single) or more identical dimensions and geometrical forms of n _holes perforations formed in the closure cap with an integrated open throat portion of the wall thickness, represented by its geometrical length h given corresponding to its dynamic elongation by the amount

Attached to the open neck portion of a single hole or perforation of one of several perforation holes n _holes of identical dimensions and geometrical forms, additional oscillating air masses, m.

Using multiple n _holes perforations forming the open neck portion of a Helmholtz resonator, the total area which n _holes · F _holes equivalent flow area of a single perforation holes, allows to reduce the dynamic elongation (dynamic length of the open neck portion l _R) and to increase the damping of resonant oscillations ( reduce the quality factor of the acoustic resonator, expanding the frequency range of its action).

The open throat parts of the closure caps, equipped with integrated open throat parts, forming Helmholtz acoustic resonators, can also be represented by tubular elements cantileverly fixed to them, the passage area F _holes , geometric length h and dynamic length l _{R of the} neck part, determined according to the expression

the conductivity of the open neck of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator, defined by the expression

free end sections of which are located inside and / or outside the cavity tanks of container-type housing modules with installed closing covers.

Comparison of scientific, technical and patent documentation on the priority date in the main and related sections of the MKI shows that the set of essential features of the claimed solution was not previously known, therefore, it meets the patentability condition of “novelty”.

The analysis of known technical solutions in this technical field showed that the inventive device ШЗЭ has features that are absent in the known technical solutions, and their use in the claimed combination of features makes it possible to obtain a new technical result, therefore, the proposed technical solution has an inventive step compared to the existing one. prior art.

The proposed technical solution is industrially applicable, because can be manufactured industrially, efficiently, feasibly and reproducibly, therefore, meets the patentability condition “industrial applicability”.

Other features and advantages of the claimed invention will become apparent from the drawings and the following detailed description of the device, where:

- in FIG. 1 presents a General view of the inventive device SHZ installed in the immediate vicinity of the railway with a passing sound-generating train;

- in FIG. 2 shows a General view of the inventive device SHZE installed in the immediate vicinity of the highway with passing technical facilities of a noise-generating passenger-and-freight automobile (cars and trucks) and public automobile (buses) vehicles;

- in FIG. Figure 3 shows a cross-sectional diagram of a ШЗЭ with a curved upper part, installed in the immediate vicinity of a highway with passing technical facilities of a noise-generating passenger-and-freight automobile (cars and trucks) and public automobile (buses) vehicles, the sound-absorbing panels of which are made in the form of interlocked separate container casing modules of the type represented by the cavity tanks of the cases with dismantled covers AAB, along the perimeter the orthogonal part of the opening of each cavity capacity of the case is mated by a closing cover, the open neck of which is represented by a tubular element cantileverly fixed to it, the open end section of which is located inside the cavity capacity of the container-type housing module with the formation of a frequency-tuned sound-absorbing device represented by Helmholtz acoustic resonators;

- in FIG. Figure 4 shows a cross-sectional diagram of a ШЗЭ with a curved upper part, installed in the immediate vicinity of a highway with passing technical facilities of a noise-generating passenger-and-freight automobile (cars and trucks) and public automobile (buses) vehicles, the sound-absorbing panels of which are made in the form of interlocked separate container casing modules of the type represented by the cavity tanks of the cases with dismantled covers AAB, along the perimeter the orthogonal part of the opening of each cavity capacity of the housing is mated by a closure cover, the open neck of which is represented by a tubular element cantileverly fixed to it, the open end section of which is located outside the cavity capacity of the container-type housing module with the formation of a frequency-tuned sound-absorbing device represented by Helmholtz acoustic resonators;

- in FIG. Figure 5 shows a cross-sectional diagram of a BZE with a curved upper part installed in the immediate vicinity of a highway with passing technical facilities of a sound-generating passenger-and-freight automobile (cars and trucks) and public automobile (buses) vehicles, the sound-absorbing panels of which are made in the form of interlocked separate container casing modules of the type represented by the cavity tanks of the cases with dismantled covers AAB, along the perimeter the orthogonal part of the opening of each cavity capacity of the case is mated by a closing cover, the open neck of which is represented by through holes of perforation, with the formation of a frequency-tuned sound-absorbing device represented by Helmholtz acoustic resonators;

- in FIG. Figure 6 shows a cross-sectional diagram of a BZE with a curved upper part, installed in the immediate vicinity of a highway with passing technical facilities of a noise-generating passenger-and-freight automobile (cars and trucks) and public automobile (buses) vehicles, the sound-absorbing panels of which are made in the form of interlocked separate container casing modules type, coupled by means of soundproofing gaskets represented by cavity tanks housings with dismantled AAA covers, in which separate crushed fragmented sound-absorbing elements are placed, the total volume of which does not exceed 0.3 of each of the volumes of cavity containers, a closure cover is mated along the perimeter flanging part of the opening of each cavity capacity of the case, the open neck of which is cantilevered to it a tubular element, an open end section of which is located inside the cavity capacity of the container module of the container type with the formation a frequency-tuned sound-absorbing device represented by a Helmholtz acoustic resonator;

- in FIG. Figure 7 shows a cross-sectional diagram of a ШЗЭ with a curved upper part installed in the immediate vicinity of a highway with passing technical objects of a noise-generating passenger-and-freight automobile (cars and trucks) and public automobile (buses) vehicles, the sound-absorbing panels of which are made in the form of interlocked separate container casing modules of the type represented by the cavity tanks of the cases with dismantled covers AAB, along the perimeter the orthogonal part of the opening of each cavity capacity of the case is mated by a closure cover, the open neck of which is represented by a tubular element cantileverly fixed to it, the open end section of which is located inside the cavity capacity of the container module of the housing type, with the formation of a frequency-tuned sound-absorbing device represented by a Helmholtz acoustic resonator, while a translucent panel is placed in the upper spatial zone of the ShZE;

- in FIG. Figure 8 shows a cross-sectional diagram of a ШЗЭ with a curved upper part, installed in the immediate vicinity of a highway with passing technical objects of a noise-generating passenger-and-freight automobile (cars and trucks) and public automobile (buses) vehicles, the sound-absorbing panels of which are made in the form of interlocked separate container casing modules of the type represented by the cavity tanks of the cases with dismantled covers AAB along the perimeter the orthogonal part of the opening of each cavity capacity of the case is mated by a closure cover, the open neck of which is represented by a tubular element cantileverly fixed to it, the open end section of which is located inside the cavity capacity of the container module of the housing type, with the formation of a frequency-tuned sound-absorbing device represented by a Helmholtz acoustic resonator, while a translucent panel is placed in the middle spatial zone of the ShZE;

- in FIG. 9 is a diagram of a fragment of a SHZ device, the sound-absorbing panels of which are made in the form of interlocked separate container-type housing modules with overall dimensions B × L × H, represented by cavity capacities of the housings with dismantled AAA covers, mating along the perimeter flanging part of the opening of each cavity capacity of the housing with the dismantled AAA cover separate locking cover equipped with an open neck formed by perforation holes (three groups of interlocked separate x container-type case modules with different dimensions of the perforation holes forming open throat parts, forming cavity of resonator chambers and forming frequency-tuned devices for absorbing sound energy in the form of Helmholtz acoustic resonators);

- in FIG. 10 is a diagram of a portion of a BZE, the sound-absorbing panels of which are made in the form of interlocked detached container-type housing modules with overall dimensions B × L × H, represented by cavity capacities of the housings with dismantled AAA covers; a cover made in the form of a monolithic flat-sheet element perforated in the corresponding zones with perforation holes Forming the open neck portion of individual chastotonastroennyh sound-absorbing devices in the form of a Helmholtz resonator;

- in FIG. 11 is a diagram of a portion of a BZE, the sound-absorbing panels of which are made in the form of interlocked detached container-type housing modules with overall dimensions B × L × H, represented by cavity containers of the housings with dismantled AAB covers, a closure cover is mated along the perimeter flanging openings of each of the cavity tanks of the AAB cases, made in the form of a monolithic flat-sheeted element, while their open throat parts are cantilevered to it in the corresponding m cmax tubular members, the end sections of which are located within each cavity containers separate container-type housing modules forming apparatus chastotonastroennye absorption of sonic energy in the form of a Helmholtz resonator;

- in FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a SHZ fragment, the sound-absorbing panels of which are made in the form of interlocked separate container-type housing modules with overall dimensions B × L × H, represented by cavity containers of the housings with dismantled AAA covers; a locking cover made of perimeter flanging openings of each cavity cavity containers is made in the form of a monolithic flat-sheeted element, while the open neck parts are represented by tubular elements cantilevered to it, core sections of which are located both inside and outside each of the cavity capacities of container-type case modules, forming frequency-tuned devices for absorbing sound energy in the form of Helmholtz acoustic resonators;

- in FIG. 13 is a diagram of a portion of the BZE, the sound-absorbing panels of which are made in the form of interlocked detached container-type housing modules with overall dimensions B × L × H, represented by cavity containers of the housings with dismantled AAA covers, a closing cover is made along the perimeter flanging portions of the openings of each cavity containers of the shells in the form of a monolithic flat-sheeted element, while these sound-absorbing panels form a broadband absorption frequency range acoustic energy module in the form of a frequency-tuned device made up of Helmholtz acoustic resonators of different types in design (with the dimensions B, L, H remaining unchanged), which implements various alternative designs of closing covers in the form of internal and external arrangement of sections of cantilevered tubular elements in the composition open one-neck parts, as well as in the form of a design in the form of several perforation holes made in the walls ie closing the lid;

- in FIG. Figure 14 shows a diagram of a portion of a BZE, the sound-absorbing panels of which are made in the form of interlocked detached container-type housing modules with overall dimensions B × L × H, represented by cavity containers of the housings with dismantled AAA covers; a locking cover made of perimeter flanging openings of each of the cavity containers of the shells is made in the form of a monolithic flat-sheeted element, while these sound-absorbing panels form a broadband absorption frequency range acoustic energy module as chastotonastroennogo device composed of differing from the frequency setting (with different values f _R) of the acoustic Helmholtz resonators (with unchanged overall dimensions, L, H) implementing variant embodiments of the open neck portion of a cantilevered tubular elements various geometrical lengths, communicating with individual cavity tanks of cases with dismantled AAB cover;

- in FIG. 15 is a diagram of a single container-type housing module, represented by the cavity capacity of the case with the AAB cover removed, along the perimetric flanging part of the cavity capacity opening of which, using the appropriate adhesive, the closure cover is equipped with an open gap, equipped with an open neck portion represented by a single perforation of its wall, which contains a porous air-blown fabric installed on its inlet slice from the outside of the closing cover a core or film layer forming a frequency-tuned device for absorbing sound energy in the form of an Helmholtz acoustic resonator;

- in FIG. 16 is a diagram of a single container-type housing module, represented by the cavity capacity of the case with the AAB cover removed, along the perimetric flanging part of the cavity capacity opening of which, using the appropriate adhesive, the closure cover is equipped with an open gap equipped with an open neck portion represented by a single perforation of its wall, which contains porous air-blown mounted on its inlet slice from the inside of the closing cover a fabric or film layer forming a frequency-tuned device for absorbing sound energy in the form of an Helmholtz acoustic resonator;

- in FIG. 17 is a diagram of a single container-type housing module, represented by the cavity capacity of the case with the AAB cover removed, along the perimetric flanging part of the cavity capacity opening of which, using the appropriate adhesive, the closure cover is equipped with an open gap equipped with an open neck section represented by a single perforation of its wall, which contains porous air mounted on its inlet slice from the external and internal sides of the wall of the closing cover a spongable fabric or film layer forming a frequency-tuned device for absorbing sound energy in the form of an Helmholtz acoustic resonator;

- in FIG. Figure 18 shows a separate component of the sound-absorbing panel in the form of a single container-type housing module, represented by the cavity capacity of the case with the AAB cover removed, along the perimeter flanging part of the opening of the cavity capacity of the case with the dismantled cover of the AAB case, the closing cover equipped with the open adhesive is matched using the appropriate adhesive substance throat part formed in the form of a perforated tubular element located inside the cavity and the AAB housing, which contains a porous air-blown fabric or microperforated film layer at its inlet slice, forming a frequency-tuned device for absorbing sound energy in the form of a Helmholtz acoustic resonator;

- in FIG. 19, a separate component of the sound-absorbing panel is presented in the form of a single container-type housing module, represented by the cavity capacity of the housing with the AAB cover removed, along the perimeter flanging part of the opening of the cavity capacity of the body with the dismantled body cover of the AAB, the closing cover equipped with the open adhesive is mated using an appropriate adhesive neck part, in the form of a cantilever connected tubular element located inside the cavity AAB, containing an air-blown layer of tissue or micro-perforated film material that overlaps the passage section of the open neck, and a porous air-blown plug made of air-blown porous foamed open-cell or fibrous sound-absorbing material that forms a sound-absorbing energy-absorbing device is placed inside the tubular element cavity Helmholtz;

- in FIG. 20, a separate component of the sound-absorbing panel is presented, in the form of a single container module of the container type, represented by the cavity capacity of the case with the AAB cover removed, along the perimetric flanging part of the opening of the cavity capacity of the case with the dismantled cover of the AAB case, the closing cover is equipped using the appropriate adhesive substance open throat formed by several identical overall dimensions and geo made in its wall metric forms perforation holes n _holes forming chastotonastroennoe sound energy absorption device in the form of a Helmholtz resonator;

- in FIG. Figure 21 shows a separate component of the sound-absorbing panel, in the form of a single container-type housing module, represented by the cavity capacity of the case with the AAB cover removed, along the perimeter flanging part of the opening of the cavity capacity of the case with the dismantled cover of the AAB case, the closing cover equipped with the appropriate adhesive is mated open throat formed by several identical overall dimensions and geo made in its wall metric forms perforation _holes n holes comprising at its input a section mounted on the outer side the closing lid porous vozduhoproduvaemy Microperforated fabric or film layer forming chastotonastroennoe sound energy absorption device in the form of a Helmholtz resonator;

- in FIG. 22, a separate component of the sound-absorbing panel is presented, in the form of a single container module of the container type, represented by the cavity capacity of the case with the AAB cover removed, along the perimetric flanging part of the opening of the cavity capacity of the case with the dismantled cover of the AAB case, the closing cover is equipped using the appropriate adhesive substance open throat formed by several identical overall dimensions and geo made in its wall metric forms perforation _holes n holes comprising at its input a section mounted on the inside of the closing lid porous vozduhoproduvaemy Microperforated fabric or film layer forming chastotonastroennoe sound energy absorption device in the form of a Helmholtz resonator;

- in FIG. 23 shows a separate component of the sound-absorbing panel, in the form of a single container module of the container type, represented by the cavity capacity of the case with the AAB cover removed, along the perimeter flanging part of the opening of the cavity capacity of the case with the dismantled cover of the AAB case, the closing cover is equipped using the appropriate adhesive substance open throat formed by several identical overall dimensions and geo made in its wall metric forms perforation _holes n holes comprising at its input a section mounted to the inner and outer sides of the porous wall of the closing cap vozduhoproduvaemy Microperforated fabric or film layer forming chastotonastroennoe sound energy absorption device in the form of a Helmholtz resonator;

- in FIG. 24 is a diagram of a portion of the BZE, the sound-absorbing panels of which are made in the form of interlocked separate housing modules of the container type of various designs A ... I, represented by the cavity tanks of the cases with dismantled covers AAB (and the dismantled closing cover), while the supporting base of the BZE is represented by a box-shaped sheet matrix carrier a structure containing an appropriate number of cells for placement of AAB cases in it;

- in FIG. 25 shows diagrams of two designs of separate container-type housing modules containing convex or concave spherical closure covers with integrated open neck parts (by appropriate mounting of an identical cover design with 180 ° rotation) to ensure a corresponding change in the volume of the resonator chamber V _k (V _k1 > V _k2 ) and changes in the frequency tuning of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator (changes in the resonance frequency f _R ) represented by cantilevered to it with tubular elements of identical geometric length h and bore diameter d _g open end sections of which are located inside and outside the differing volumes of cavity containers of container-type housing modules with mounted closing covers;

- in FIG. 26 shows diagrams of two designs of separate container-type housing modules containing flat-sheet types of closing covers with integrated open throat parts forming Helmholtz acoustic resonators of different frequencies (f _R1 <f _R2 ), represented by tubular elements cantilevered to them with various geometric lengths l _g (h ₁ <h ₂ ), the open end sections of which are located inside the cavity tanks of the container modules of the container type;

- in FIG. 27 is a diagram of a portion of a SHZ, the sound-absorbing panels of which are made in the form of interlocked detached container-type housing modules, represented by cavity containers of the housings with dismantled AAA covers, a separate closing cover is mated along the perimeter flanging part of the opening of each cavity capacity of the housing, the open neck of which contains a console fixed to a tubular element, the open end section of which is located outside the cavity capacity of the housing module of the container irregular type, with the formation of the corresponding frequency-tuned sound-absorbing device represented by the Helmholtz acoustic resonator.

In the drawings, the following notation:

1 - SHZ;

2 - a source of noise radiation (moving motor vehicle, train, etc.);

3 - transverse racks (not shown in the drawings);

4 - longitudinal profiles (not shown in the drawings);

5 - rear sound-reflecting panel ШЗЭ 1;

6 - isolated container-type housing modules, represented by AAB cases with dismantled AAB covers;

7 - bearing base SHZ 1, represented by a sheet or rod supporting matrix structure;

8 - bearing base SHZ 1;

9 - isolated crushed fragmented sound-absorbing elements;

10 — a closing cover equipped with an integrated open neck portion 29, forming, in conjunction with a separate container element of a container type 6, a Helmholtz acoustic resonator 34;

11 is a tubular element forming the open neck portion 29 of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator 34;

12 - upper protective rib ShZE 1;

13 - lower protective rib ShZE 1;

14 - adhesive substance;

15 - mechanical connection;

16 - soundproofing gaskets;

17 - regular internal partitions of detached container modules of container type 6 (not shown in the drawings);

18 - perforation holes made in the standard internal partitions of the separate container modules of container type 6, represented by AAB cases (not shown in the drawings);

19 - perforation holes made in the outer case wall of the closing cover 10 of the separate container module type housing module 6 represented by AAB cases;

20 - fastening elements of separate container modules of container type 6, represented by AAB cases;

21 - elastic elements of the bearing base 7 SHZE 1, equipped with holding hooks (not shown in the drawings);

22 - viscoelastic vibration damping material;

23 is a frequency-tuned sound-absorbing device represented by the Helmholtz family of acoustic resonators 34 used in the SHE 1;

24 - railway tracks;

25 - road surface;

26 - foundation foundation of ШЗЭ 1;

27 - translucent panel;

28 - mounting frame for mounting a translucent panel 27;

29 - open throat portion of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator 34;

30 - the outer walls of the separate housing modules of the container type 6, represented by the AAB;

31 - the cavity of the resonator chamber of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator 34;

32 - porous air-blown fabric or microperforated film layer;

33 - perforation holes made in a cantilever fixed tubular element 11 of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator 34;

34 - Helmholtz acoustic resonator;

35 - a porous air-blown tube mounted in the cavity of a cantilever fixed tubular element 11, forming an open neck portion 29 of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator 34;

36 - perimeter flanging part of the opening of the cavity capacity of the separate container module of the container type 6, represented by the AAB body with the AAB cover removed;

37 - monolithic porous briquetted structural and technological embodiment of separate crushed fragmented sound-absorbing elements 9;

38 - sound absorbing panels SHZE 1 (contain in their composition elements 6, 7, 9, 10, 16, 20, 22, 23, 32, 34, 35);

39 - front translucent panel perforated through holes 41;

40 - protective soundproof film or protective soundproof foil layer of the front soundproof panel 39;

41 - hole perforation of the front translucent panel 39;

And ... And - isolated container modules of container type 6, represented by AAB cases with dismantled AAB covers;

f _R is the resonant frequency of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator, Hz;

d _g - the diameter of the circular bore of the tubular element 11 or perforation holes 19, made in the outer case wall of the closing cover 10;

l _R is the dynamic length of the open neck portion 29 of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator 34, including the overall geometric length h of the cantilever fixed tubular element 11 and two oscillating air masses visco-attached to its end sections (for the embodiment of the open neck portion 29 in the form of a cantilever fixed tubular element 11 ) and / or including the geometric length h, represented by the thickness of the closing cover 10 with the integrated neck portion 29 in the area of the perforation holes 19 and vyazkoprisoedinennymi oscillating air masses in the region of one of the perforation _holes n holes 19 of identical dimensions and geometrical forms (for variant of embodiment the open neck portion 29 in the form of perforations 19 formed in the wall of the closing cap 10);

h is the geometric length of the open neck portion 29 of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator 34, equipped with a cantilever fixed tubular element 11 (overall length of the cantilever fixed tubular element 11), or represented by the thickness of the closing cover 10 with an integrated neck portion 29 in the form of one (single) or several perforation holes n _holes 19 identical dimensions and geometrical forms, in the region of said perforations perform 19;

V _k is the volume of the cavity of the resonator chamber 31 of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator 34;

F _holes - flow area of a single perforation hole formed in a part of the open neck portion 29 of the acoustic Helmholtz resonator 34;

S _T - the flow area of the tubular element 11 of the open neck portion 11, which contains the perforation holes 33;

n _holes - the number of perforations identical geometrical shape and dimensions (cross-sectional area) forming the open neck portion 29, a Helmholtz resonator 34 with the embodiment the open neck portion 29, a Helmholtz resonator 34 of a plurality of through feed channels in the form of perforations 19, formed in the wall of the closing cover 10 with an integrated open neck portion 29;

F _lane - the total area of the perforation holes 33 made in the wall of the cantilever fixed tubular element 11 of the open neck portion 29 of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator 34;

V _f - the volume of each of the used isolated crushed fragmented sound-absorbing elements 9;

k _lane - the coefficient of perforation of the wall of the tubular element 11 of the neck portion 29 of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator 34;

k _per-lp is the perforation coefficient characterizing the degree of perforation of the front soundproof panel 39.

Terms used in the text of the description of the application for invention

Sound absorption is the physical process of an irreversible dissipative transition of vibrational mechanical (wave) energy propagated in the elastic medium of a sound wave into thermal energy. It is estimated in arbitrary units by the sound absorption coefficient (normal - α _n and reverberation - α _r ).

Soundproofing. The term “sound insulation” is used to denote three technical (physical) characteristics and refers directly to the acoustic (noise-reducing) structure itself, to the complex physical process of absorption and reflection of sound waves by the acoustic structure, and to the quantitative assessment of the change (attenuation) in the transmission of acoustic radiation (numerical change of parameters) physical process of energy transfer of acoustic radiation) introduced by the used acoustic structure. It is a measure of sound insulation by a screen partition, wall or panel, expressed in dB.

Perforated hole (perforation holes) - one or more through holes of a given (usually identical) geometric shape and overall dimensions (passage area) located relative to each other and / or relative to another structural component of a part (assembly) at a given distance. Perforation - from the Latin perforato - punch, puncture - the technological process of making through holes of given sizes, located accordingly in the wall structure of the manufactured part (assembly).

Perforation coefficient is the ratio of the total area of perforation holes to the total area of the front surface of the wall (part structure) that has been subjected to the perforation procedure (until it is perforated).

Sound transparency - a physical property of structures, individual structural elements (plates, shells, films) to transmit a sound wave without significant attenuation of its energy (without significant reflection in the direction opposite to the propagation from the radiation source). Quantitatively, opacity is characterized by the transmission coefficient of sound. A structure is considered soundproof if its attenuation of the transmission of sound energy does not exceed 10%.

Sound diffraction is a physical property that characterizes the deviation of the behavior of sound propagation from the laws of geometric acoustics, due to the wave nature of sound propagation, in particular, the phenomenon of propagation of propagated sound waves into the region of the sound shadow behind the enveloped sound-reflecting obstacle, which is larger than the length of the propagated sound wave.

The inventive device SHZE 1 comprises a foundation base 37, a supporting base 8, transverse struts 3, longitudinal profiles 4, a rear sound-reflecting panel 5, sound-absorbing panels 38 made in the form of interlocked detached container modules of the container type 6, represented by cavity containers of bodies with dismantled AAA covers and with mounted closing covers 10. Formed separate container modules of container type 6, represented by cavity tanks of AAB cases with dismantled covers AAB and installed closing covers 10, form frequency-tuned sound-absorbing devices that form Helmholtz acoustic resonators 34, which are mounted in separate cells of the carrier base 7, represented by a sheet or rod carrier matrix structure, attached to the transverse struts 3, and / or longitudinal profiles 4, and / or rear sound-reflecting panel 5, and / or the bearing base 8 of SHZE 1. In the cavity tanks of the separate container modules of container type 6, represented by the cavity tanks of the buildings A B, with mounted closing lids 10, separate crushed fragmented sound-absorbing elements 9 can be additionally placed with a total volume not exceeding 0.3 of the volume of the corresponding cavity capacity of a separate container module housing type 6, presented in the form of a housing with a dismantled AAA cover and installed locking cover 10. On the perimeter flanging part of the opening of each cavity capacity of the housing with the dismantled cover of the housing AAB of a separate housing module type 6, using the appropriate adhesive 14 and / or mechanical connection 15, mates the closure 10 equipped with the open neck portion 29 to form a frequency-tuned sound-absorbing device represented by a Helmholtz acoustic resonator 34. Families of frequency-tuned sound-absorbing devices in the form of formed acoustic Helmholtz resonators 34 are arranged in respective sound absorbing panels 38. Alternatively or in addition In accordance with the design variant of the individual closing cover 10 installed on a separate separate container module of the container type 6, a variant of its execution in the form of a large-sized monolithic flat-sheeted element seamlessly interfaced with several grouped perimetric flanging portions of the openings of each of the cavity containers of the housings with dismantled AAA covers can be used. Perforated holes 19 are formed in predetermined zones of the indicated monolithic flat-sheeted structural element of the closing cover 10, forming open neck parts 29 as part of Helmholtz acoustic resonators 34.

In the cavity of the cantilever fixed tubular element 11 forming the open neck portion 29 of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator 34, a porous air-blown tube 35 can be mounted, and / or in the wall of the cantilever fixed tubular element 11 forming the open neck portion 29 of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator 34, perforation holes 33 are made, which can be covered by a fixed porous air-blowing fabric or microperforated film layer 32, using the corresponding adhesive substance 14. The open end sections of the cantilever-fixed tubular element 11 forming the open neck portion 29 of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator 34 can be covered by a layer of porous air-blown fabric or microperforated film material 32 attached to them by the corresponding adhesive substance 14.

In a variant embodiment of the open neck portion 29 of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator 34 in the form of perforation holes 19 made in the outer wall 30 of a separate container module of the container type 6, represented by the AAB housing, their passage sections can be blocked by a mounted layer of a porous air-blown fabric or microperforated film material 32 using the appropriate adhesive substance 14.

In a variant embodiment of the partial filling of the cavity of the resonator chamber 31 of the acoustic resonator 34, not exceeding 0.3 of the volume of the specified resonator chamber 31, with separate crushed fragmented sound-absorbing elements 9, the latter can be placed in it in the form of freely placed unit fragments or they can be adhesively bonded with their contact faces and form into monolithic, with inter-facet tortuous channels, porous briquettes of a given geometric shape, in the form of of existing monolithic porous briquetted structural and technological versions of 37 isolated crushed fragmented sound-absorbing elements 9 and are accordingly placed (fixed, if necessary) in the cavity of the resonator chamber 31 of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator 34 until the installation and fixing of the closing cover 10 along the perimeter flanging part 36 of the opening cavity capacity of a separate container module of a container type 6, represented by the AAB housing with a demo nabbed cover AAB.

The upper protective rib 12 and the lower protective rib 13 are connected to the mating contacting parts of the components of the ШЗЭ 1 - the bearing base 8, the transverse struts 3, the longitudinal profiles 4, the rear sound-reflecting panel 5, the soundproofing gaskets 16, the soundproof sheet 39 or the soundproof transparent film the foil layer 40, the sound-absorbing panel 38 - the corresponding mechanical compounds 15 and / or adhesive substances 14.

As part of the design of the device ШЗЭ 1, corresponding soundproofing gaskets 16, elastic elements 21 of the carrier base 7, viscoelastic vibration damping material 22, translucent panels 27 and mounting frames 28 for their fastening, a protective soundproof film or protective soundproof foil layer 40 mounted on the front translucent panel 39, providing the design of the device SHZE 1 the fulfillment of the necessary requirements (characteristics) of acoustics (noise reduction), reliably ty, durability and aesthetic design.

In the operation processes of noise-generating vehicles, as well as other various types of noise-active technological and / or production equipment located near motorways, spurious sound energy is generated in residential areas and adjacent open areas, which pollutes the environment, which is qualified by external noise from noise-generating technical objects. When using the claimed technical device, presented by ШЗЭ 1, located in the immediate vicinity of the source (family of sources) of noise radiation 2 (for example, motor vehicles, trains, etc.), sound waves emitted by them (them) propagating into a hemispherical open space ( limited by the earth's surface reflecting sound waves), fall on the composite blocking elements of the ШЗЭ 1, partially reflected from them in the opposite direction of their direct propagation, and partially hiccup into the sound-absorbing dissipative structures of the constituent elements of the ShZE 1. Passing straight lines (propagated and penetrating into the structures) and reflected from the constituent elements (3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 12, 13, 16, 21, 22, 27 , 28, 30, 32, 34, 35, 36, 38, 39, 40) ShZE 1 sound waves that fall on their front surfaces and penetrate into their structures, including in the cavity of interlocked separate container modules of container type 6, as well as partially reflected from them with the formation of one or another resulting noise-reducing (sound-insulating, sound-absorbing) effect that one.

Noise radiation and, in particular, low-frequency sound radiation, characteristic and relevant for noise-generating transport streams at sound frequencies that coincide (close in value) with the resonant frequencies f _{R of} Helmholtz acoustic resonators 34, effectively penetrate the open neck portions 29 due to the low acoustic impedance of the acoustic Helmholtz resonators 34 at resonant frequencies of oscillations f _R and is absorbed by them due to the implementation of energy costs spent on excitation of resonance the apparent amplitudes of the oscillations of the air masses concentrated in their open neck portions 29 (including the viscous-attached end extensions of their dynamic increments), determined by the dynamic lengths l _{R of the} open neck portions 29, represented by tubular elements 11 or perforation holes 19, made in the wall of the closing cover 10.

As a result of the work on the excitation (implementation) of resonant acoustic vibrations, with associated energy costs produced by the propagated sound waves, in the spatial zones of the open throat parts 29 of the Helmholtz acoustic resonators 34, upon excitation of resonant, larger-amplitude vibrations of the air columns filling their tubular cavities elements 11 (perforation holes 19), the corresponding energy dissipative losses occur, causing enshenie noise emission. They are caused by dynamic friction processes of an oscillating mass (oscillating masses) of air enclosed in the cavity of the tubular element 11 (in the cavities of the perforation holes 19) on the walls of the marked solid elements, with the irreversible conversion of the propagated sound (vibrational) energy to heat. For a corresponding amplification of the above-mentioned processes by dissipative losses and targeted control (expansion) of the frequency response of damping the Helmholtz acoustic resonator 34 by changing (decreasing) its Q factor, an additional dissipative (energy dissipating) element in the form of a porous air-blown tube 35 can be placed in the cavity of the tubular element 11 , and / or on its open end sections, dissipative layers of porous water can be fixed with the overlapping of their flow sections a breathable fabric or microperforated film material 32. A similar type of dissipative energy-scattering damping elements introduced into the tubular elements 11 and / or into the open neck portions 29, represented by perforation holes 19, can produce perforation holes 33 made in their walls, which can also (if necessary) additionally overlap with a porous air-blown fabric or microperforated film layer of the material 32 (by microperforation is meant holes with a diameter not exceeding 0.001 m, i.e. no more than 1 mm).

Using different dimensions, with different volumes of cavities of the standard AAB serial cases to be disposed of, and also using the corresponding various structural and dimensional geometric designs of the closing covers 10, equipped with open neck portions 29, differing in the structural and overall geometric design, forming in conjunction with separate case elements of container type 6, represented by AAB cases with dismantled AAB covers, purposefully they frame the Helmholtz family of acoustic resonators 34, which differ in frequency characteristics of sound absorption (sound attenuation), forming predetermined frequency-tuned sound-absorbing devices as part of sound-absorbing panels 38. Given the predominant low-frequency spectral nature of typical noise emissions from automobile and railway vehicles, as was already noted in the monograph [1] , low-frequency tuning of the used designs of Helmholtz acoustic resonators 34, is done by The appropriate choice of interrelated geometric dimensional parameters of their constituent elements, according to expressions (1) - (3).

Separate housing modules of container type 6, can be represented by identical or differing in size cavity tanks with disassembled covers of serial cases of car batteries, as well as made of various structural materials.

Helmholtz acoustic resonators 34, placed as part of a single modular module of the sound-absorbing panel 38, can be composed and assembled from separate modular groups with identical or different frequency characteristics.

Helmholtz acoustic resonators 34 mounted as part of a single interlocked separate housing module 6 can be endowed with a given frequency response with both identical and different values of the resonant frequencies f _R.

The use of protective soundproof transparent film or protective soundproof transparent foil layers 40 mounted on the front soundproof panel 39 in the construction of SHZE 1 components allows, without significant (no more than 10%) deterioration of sound-absorbing characteristics, to prevent atmospheric precipitation from accumulating and accumulating in ShZE 1 constituents and / or various types of small amorphous particles, process fluids, insects, eliminate their destruction due to possible freezing of moisture at low (alternating) operating temperatures.

The rear sound-reflecting panel 5 of ShZE 1 can be fixed both on the supporting base 8 of longitudinal 4 and transverse 3 profiles, and on the supporting base 7, represented by a sheet or rod supporting matrix structure.

The upper protective rib 12 and the lower protective rib 13 of the ShZE 1 can have a U-shaped cross section, providing an additional sealing effect of the ShZE 1 and providing the accompanying additional fastening of the upper and lower end parts of the separate container-type housing modules 6.

To exclude the possible crushing of the volume of the cavity of the container module type 6 module, represented by the AAB serial utilized case with the AAB removed, the regular internal partitions contained in the AAB case can be perforated with perforation holes 18 or partially cut off (removed) to reduce their dimensions in order to exclude them without gap contact closure with the wall of the mounted closing cover 10 and eliminate as a result of this the formation of separate small-sized cavities.

For possible regulation of the conductivity (resistance to blowing through the air flow, acoustic resistance) of the waveguide (sound-conducting) channels in the form of the formed air cavities of the tubular elements 11 of the Helmholtz acoustic resonators 34, the closing covers 10, equipped with an open neck portion 29 in the form of cantilevered tubular elements 11, the composition of Helmholtz acoustic resonators 34, can additionally overlap with the corresponding structures of porous air-blown sound absorbers plugs 35. Preferred structural materials for porous air-blown sound-absorbing plugs 35 may be porous fibrous and / or foamed open-cell sound-absorbing materials used for the manufacture of typical noise-absorbing upholstery (panels, gaskets), dismantled from various types of noise-generating technical objects, mainly already completed their life cycle and subject to these disposal processes.

The open throat portion 29 of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator 34, as part of the closing cover 10 of the SHZE 1, can be represented by an integrated tubular element 11 cantileverly connected to it, the open end section of which is located inside and / or outside the cavity capacity of the separate container-type housing modules 6. Open throat part 29 of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator 34, as part of the closing cover 10, can also be represented by one perforation hole 19 or several perforation holes 19 made in her wall. On a limited part of the wall surface of the closure lid 10 in the area of the perforation holes 19, using a suitable adhesive 14, a porous air-blown fabric or microperforated film layer of material 32 can be mounted overlying their passage sections. A similar type of porous air-blown fabric or microperforated film layer of the material 32 can be mounted on the open end sections of the tubular element 11 of the open neck portion 29, the acoustic resonator 34, with the passage sections of the said tubular elements 11 overlapping.

The frequency-tuned device for absorbing sound energy, presented in the form of Helmholtz acoustic resonators 34, must be made by the corresponding mutually agreed choice of its interconnected basic structural (geometric, dimensional) parameters - the volume of the cavity capacity V _{k of the} separate container module of the container type 6, with the installed closing cover 10, geometric (overall) length h and the passage area of the cavity of the open neck portion 29 of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator 34, tavlennoy in particular flow area open neck portion 29, consisting of one or more perforations 19 (n _holes) open neck portion 29, the flow area F _{of holes} each of n _holes neck portion 29 defining the total area of the n _holes · F _otv the cross section of the neck portion 29, and / or the square of the cross section F of the _{hole of the} tubular element 11 and its geometric length h, forming the value of its resonant frequency f _R according to expression (3).

The cavity of the resonator chamber 31, as part of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator samples used 34, can be partially filled with a porous sound-absorbing substance, preferably made in the form of separate crushed fragmented sound-absorbing elements 9 made of identical or different types and brands of porous sound-absorbing materials that have identical or different physical characteristics, chemical composition, porosity, tortuosity of pores, quantity and combination of types of structure porous layers composed of single- and / or multilayer combinations of identical or different geometric shapes and the dimensions, are preferably sized in the linear range of 5 ... 100 mm. The volume of each of the separate crushed sound-absorbing elements should be in the range of values of V _f = 4.2 × (10 ^-9 ... 10 ^-2 ) m ³ , and the filling volume of the cavity capacities of the separate container modules of the container type 6, represented by cases with dismantled covers AAB and with mounted closing covers 10, containing an integrated open neck portion 29, separate crushed sound-absorbing elements 9 should not exceed 0.3 volumes of these cavity containers.

The claimed range of changes in the values of volumes V _f used isolated crushed fragmented sound-absorbing elements 9, on the one hand (the lower limit value equal to 4.2 × 10 ^-9 m ³ ), is limited mainly by the technological capabilities of manufacturing. On the other hand, the upper value of the volume limit V _f equal to 4.2 × 10 ⁻² m ^{3 of} isolated crushed fragmented sound-absorbing elements 9 is limited mainly by the need to achieve acceptable acoustic (sound-absorbing) efficiency.

Separate crushed fragmented sound-absorbing elements 9 can be represented mainly in the form of semi-finished products of recycled recycling utilization of solid technological waste and / or technological marriage of the production of porous fibrous, foamed open-cell sound-absorbing materials and / or parts from sound-absorbing materials, and / or made of sound-absorbing materials, and / or made of relevant materials of parts and assemblies selected for secondary recycled recycling the operation of noise insulation packages of various technical objects, mainly dismantled from vehicles, which have completed their life cycle and are subject, in this regard, to disposal processes, and / or from similar types of parts and assemblies of utilized standard noise reduction packages used in other types of noiseless vehicles , aggregates and systems of power plants, various construction projects. Separate crushed fragmented sound-absorbing elements 9 can also be produced from the original "new" semi-finished raw materials, mainly flat-sheet, presented in the form of monolithic sheets or rolls of sound-absorbing materials intended for subsequent technological fragmented crushing. Separate crushed fragmented sound-absorbing elements 9 can also be presented in the form of a mixture defined in certain proportions of dosage combinations of separate crushed fragmented sound-absorbing elements 9, obtained from recycled recycled materials and parts, which contains a certain number of isolated crushed fragmented sound-absorbing elements 9, made from initial "new", mainly from a monolithic flat-sheet semi-factory raw materials for the production of typical porous sound-absorbing materials.

The front translucent panel 39 and / or the rear sound-reflecting panel 5 can be made of dense structural materials, for example, metal (aluminum, stainless steel, galvanized steel), reinforced chip-cement (dyurisol, veloks), wooden (impregnated wood), polymethimethacrylate (PMMA ) The perforation holes 41 of the front translucent panel 39 can be made round or in the form of inclined slotted grooves, and the perforation coefficient characterizing the degree of perforation and sound transparency properties should be k _per- lp ≥ 0.2.

The front translucent panels 39 can be located with a predetermined air gap, and gapless with respect to the opposite surfaces of the closure covers 10, and can also additionally contain corresponding adhesive bonds with them, using the corresponding translucent adhesive connection (adhesive substances 14).

Used protective sound-transparent film or sound-transparent foil layers 40 can be made of a continuous air-blown elastic polymer film (polyester aluminized, urethane, polyvinyl chloride) or thin metal foil (aluminum, steel, copper, brass).

The thickness of the continuous protective sound-transparent air-blown film layer 40 should be in the range of 0.010 ... 0.1 mm, and its specific surface weight - 20 ... 70 g / m ² . The thickness of the protective sound-transparent continuous air-blown foil layer should be in the range of 0.05 ... 0.3 mm, and its specific surface weight should not exceed 0.8 kg / m ² .

The open inlet sections of the tubular elements 11 of the open neck portions 29 of the Helmholtz acoustic resonators 34 can be further covered by a porous air-blown fabric or microperforated film layer of the material 32.

The tubular element 11 of the open neck portion 29 of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator 34, cantilevered in the closure cover 10, may contain additional damping elements, presented in the form of perforation holes 33, made in the corresponding zones of its wall, and / or may contain a porous air-generated tube 35, installed in the cavity of the specified tubular element 11 with the overlapping of its bore, and / or may contain a porous air-blown fabric layer or air-blown micro the perforated film layer of the material 32 mounted on one of the end sections of the tubular element, and / or may contain a porous air-blown fabric layer 32 mounted on separate limited sections of the wall surface of the tubular element 11 in the zones of perforation holes 33.

Installed in the cavities of the tubular elements 11 of the open neck portions 29 of the Helmholtz acoustic resonators 34, porous air-blown plugs 35 can be made of foamed open-cell or fibrous sound-absorbing material, mainly produced from the corresponding utilized waste polymeric materials.

The porous air-blown plugs 35 located in the cavities of the tubular elements 11 of the open neck portions 29 of the Helmholtz acoustic resonators 34 should preferably be spatially located in the middle and / or in the zones of the quarters of the dynamic lengths l _{R of the} tubular elements 11 of the open neck parts of the Helmholtz acoustic resonators 34.

The additional damping channels made in the walls of the cantilevered tubular elements 11 of the open neck parts 29 of the Helmholtz acoustic resonators 34 can be represented by perforation holes 33 with a total cross-sectional area F _lane. , which should be no more than 0.05 of the cross-sectional area S _{T of the} corresponding cross-section of the tubular element 11 of the open neck portion 29 of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator 34, in the plane of which the indicated perforation holes 33, which are characterized by a perforation coefficient k _per.o. the wall of the tubular element 11 of the open neck portion 29 of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator 34.

Varying the frequency setting of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator 34 (resonant frequency f _R ) can be performed, in particular, by changing the volume of the cavity V _to its resonator chamber 31 (options V _k1 and V _k2 ), for example, by installing a 180 ° mirror mounting reversal of the closing cover 10 convex or a concave side equipped with an integrated open neck portion 29 as part of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator 34 (see FIG. 25)

Variation with a magnitude V _to Helmholtz acoustic resonators 34 mounted in close proximity to each other can also be carried out using (layout) differing in size separate container modules of the container type 6, represented by the cavity tanks of the standard (serial) AAB cases dismantled, for example, from various models and types of vehicles, or partial filling of the cavity of a separate container module of container type 6 with the corresponding type and quantity (volume) of assembled crushed fragmented sound-absorbing elements 9, mainly made of recyclable dense polymeric material, as well as using different in geometry (dimensions) designs of closing covers 10, equipped with corresponding structures with open neck portion 29 of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator 34 - flat, convex, concave (see Fig. 25 and 26).

Varying the frequency setting (resonant frequency f _R ) of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator 34 can be carried out by changing the diameter (bore) of its open throat part 29 - d _g and / or dynamic length - l _{R of the} throat part 29 (see Fig. 26). In particular, the dynamic lengths l _R can be identical in value at different ratios of their geometric lengths h with different diameters of the open neck parts d _g due to the large (smaller) values of the viscous-attached oscillating air masses to the end sections of the structural elements of the open neck part 29 (tubular element 11, perforation holes 19)

The frequency tuning (resonance frequency - f _R ) of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator 34 can also be varied by replacing the one-neck tubular design of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator 34 with the tubular element 10 cantileverly connected as part of the closure cover 10 to the open neck portion 29, using the perforated design of the closure cover 10 (one or more perforation holes 19) in the structure of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator 34, geometric parameter where h and d _r will vary among themselves. Variation of the acuity (discreteness) of the frequency tuning by changing the value of the resonant frequency f _R and the frequency characteristic of the Q factor in the zone of the resonant frequency of oscillations f _{R of the} Helmholtz acoustic resonator 34 can be made by introducing into the design of its open neck part 29 various types of dissipative (energy-scattering) elements ( acoustic resistance), made in the form, for example, of the appropriate size, number and location of the perforation holes 19, and / or the use of porous air ducts sludge plugs 35, and / or porous air-blown fabric (microperforated film) layers of materials 32 mounted in the planes of the free end sections of the open neck portion 29 and / or in the zones of the perforation holes 19 made in the wall of the open neck portion 29 (in the wall of the cantilever fixed tubular element 11 - perforation holes 33), Helmholtz acoustic resonator 34.

The locally located interlocked detached housing modules of the container type 6 may contain additionally mounted layers of intermediate viscoelastic vibration-damping material 22, and soundproofing gaskets 16 can be additionally mounted on their outer end surfaces.

The closing covers 10, equipped with integrated open throat parts 29, are made in the form of a monolithic flat-sheet element, hermetically mating with several capacitive containers of the housings interlocked with the sound-absorbing panel with dismantled covers of automobile batteries along their perimeter flanging parts of the openings of each of the cavity containers.

Of course, the claimed invention is not limited to the specific constructional examples of its implementation described in the text and shown in the accompanying drawings. It remains possible and some minor changes in various structural elements or materials from which these structural elements are made or their replacement technically equivalent, not beyond the scope of the claims indicated by the claims.

Claims (14)

1. A soundproofing screen containing a foundation base, a supporting base, transverse struts, longitudinal profiles, a rear sound-reflecting panel, a front sound-proof panel perforated through holes, sound-absorbing panels, characterized in that the sound-absorbing panels are made in the form of interlocked detached container-type housing modules, presented cavity tanks with disassembled covers of car battery housings that have completed their life cycle and are subject to In this regard, for recycling, separate container-type housing modules, represented by cavity containers with dismantled covers of automobile battery housings, are mounted in separate cells of the carrier base, represented by a sheet or rod carrier matrix structure, fixed to the transverse struts, and / or longitudinal profiles, and / or the rear sound-reflecting panel, and / or the base of the noise shield, along the perimeter flanging parts of the openings of each of the cavity tanks with dismantled covers of car battery housings unobtrusively, using appropriate adhesive substances and / or mechanical joints, mating covers are equipped with integrated open throat parts, forming frequency-tuned devices for absorbing sound energy in the form of Helmholtz acoustic resonators, made by a corresponding interconnected choice of their basic component structural elements - the volume of the cavity capacity V _{k of a} separate case mode a container type with a fitted closing cover, geometric length h, open area of the open neck made in the form of one perforation hole, or the total open area of the open neck, defined by the areas of individual composite open sections of several perforations identical in geometrical shape and dimensions , F the flow cross section area of each of the _holes n _holes defining a total flow area open neck portion _{of holes} n · F _holes, chastoton Structures sound energy absorption apparatus in the form of a Helmholtz resonator according to the expression

where f _R is the resonant frequency of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator, Hz;
s is the speed of sound, m / s;
π = 3.14;
V _k - the volume of the chamber of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator, represented by the cavity capacity of a separate container-type housing module with an installed closing cover, m ³ ;
k is the conductivity of the open neck of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator, m;

where F _holes - flow area of a single perforation or hole of one of the perforation holes n _holes identical geometries and dimensions (cross-sectional area) formed as part of the open neck portion of a Helmholtz resonator, m ^2;
_otv n - number of perforations identical geometrical shape and size, forming the open neck portion of a Helmholtz resonator at the open embodiment, the neck portion of a Helmholtz resonator multiple feed channels in the form of perforation holes formed in the wall of the closing cap equipped with an open neck portion;
h - the geometrical length of the neck portion in m, of the closing lid provided at a constant wall thickness with an open neck portion bounded area by the single perforations or a number n _{of holes} perforations contained in the composition of the open neck portion of a Helmholtz resonator;

- dynamic length of the open neck portion of a Helmholtz resonator provided by hole punching unit or multiple n _holes perforations identical geometrical shapes and dimensions made in the closing cap, the wall thickness h, taking into account its dynamic elongation value

m vyazkoprisoedinennoy to the open neck portion of a single perforation holes (one of the perforation holes n _holes) more vibrating air mass,
and / or open neck parts of the closure caps, equipped with integrated open neck parts, forming Helmholtz acoustic resonators, are represented by tubular elements cantileverly fixed to them, the passage area F _holes , geometric length h and dynamic length I _{R of the} neck part, determined according to the expression

the conductivity k of the open neck of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator, defined by

free end sections of which are located inside and / or outside the cavity tanks of container-type housing modules with installed closing covers. 2. The noise screen according to claim 1, characterized in that the cantilevered tubular elements of the open neck portions of the closure caps equipped with open neck portions as part of the formed Helmholtz acoustic resonators further comprise damping elements represented by perforation holes made in their wall, and / or contain porous air-blown plugs installed in the cavities of the tubular elements, overlapping their passage sections, and / or contain a porous air-blown layer, see mounted on cantilevered end sections of tubular elements, and / or contain a porous air-blown layer mounted on separate sections of the wall surface of cantilevered tubular elements in the areas where perforation holes are located on them. 3. Soundproofing screen according to claim 1, characterized in that a porous air-blown layer of material is mounted on the limited part of the wall surface of the end caps with integrated open neck parts, in the area of the perforation holes, overlying their passage sections. 4. The noise shield according to claim 1, characterized in that the cavity of the chamber part, at least as part of one used sample of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator, which is part of the frequency-tuned device for absorbing sound energy, is partially filled with a porous sound-absorbing substance, preferably made in the form of separate crushed fragmented sound absorbing elements made of identical or different types and grades of porous sound absorbing materials having identical or different physical characteristics, chemical composition, porosity, quantity and combination of types of structures of porous layers in single and / or multilayer combinations, identical or different geometric shapes and overall dimensions, mainly in a linear size range of 5 ... 100 mm, while the volume of each isolated from crushed fragmented sound-absorbing elements is in the range V _f = 4,2 × (10 ^{-2 -9} ... 10) m ³ separate crushed fragmented sound absorbing elements are I predominantly semi-finished products of recycled recycling utilization of solid technological waste, and / or technological defects in the production of porous fibrous, foamed open-cell sound-absorbing materials, and / or parts from sound-absorbing materials, and / or parts and assemblies made from the corresponding materials, selected for secondary recycled recycling soundproofing packages of various technical objects, mainly dismantling from the composition of vehicles that have completed their life cycle and are subject, in this regard, to recycling processes, and / or from a similar type of parts and assemblies of utilized standard noise-reducing packages used in other types of noiseless vehicles, aggregates and systems of power plants, various construction objects, and the total volume of separate crushed fragmented sound-absorbing elements placed in the cavity tanks of separate container-type housing modules with mounted bathing closing covers, does not exceed 0.3 of the volume of the indicated cavity tanks in which they are placed. 5. Noise protection screen according to claim 2, characterized in that the damping porous air-blown plugs installed in the cavities of the cantilevered tubular elements of the open neck parts of the Helmholtz acoustic resonators are made of foamed open-cell or fibrous sound-absorbing material. 6. Noise protection screen according to claim 2, characterized in that the porous air-blown plugs installed in the cavities of the cantilevered tubular elements of the open neck parts of the Helmholtz acoustic resonators are spatially located in the middle and / or in the quarters of the dynamic lengths I _{R of the} tubular elements of the open neck parts of the Helmholtz acoustic resonators. 7. Soundproofing screen according to claim 2, characterized in that the additional damping channels made in the walls of the closure covers with open throat parts of Helmholtz acoustic resonators are represented by perforation holes with a total cross-sectional area F _per.o. which are not more than 0.05 of the passage cross section area St of the corresponding cross section of the cantilever fixed tubular element of the open neck of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator, the plane of which contains perforation holes and which are characterized by the wall perforation coefficient of the cantilever fixed tubular element of the open neck of the Helmholtz acoustic resonator

8. Soundproofing screen according to claim 1, characterized in that an intermediate viscoelastic vibration-damping material is additionally installed in the interconnected separate interlocked separate housing modules of the container type. 9. Soundproofing screen according to claim 1, characterized in that on the outer end surfaces of the separate container-type housing modules, soundproofing gaskets are additionally mounted. 10. Soundproofing screen according to claim 1, characterized in that the interlocked detached casing modules are represented by cavity tanks with different dimensions with dismantled covers of the car battery housings and the closing covers installed with the corresponding dimensions. 11. Soundproofing screen according to claim 1, characterized in that the interlocked detached casing modules are represented by identical cavity containers with dismantled covers of the car battery housings and closing covers installed with the corresponding dimensions. 12. Noise protection screen according to claim 1, characterized in that the Helmholtz acoustic resonators mounted as part of one interlocked detached housing module are characterized by identical frequency response, with identical values of their resonant frequencies f _R. 13. Noise protection screen according to claim 1, characterized in that the Helmholtz acoustic resonators mounted as part of one interlocked separate housing module are characterized by different frequency characteristics with different values of their resonant frequencies f _R. 14. Soundproofing screen according to claim 1, characterized in that the closing covers equipped with integrated open throat parts are made in the form of a monolithic flat-sheeted element hermetically mating with several cavity containers enclosed with sound-absorbing panel with dismantled car battery covers along their perimetric flanging parts of the openings of each of the cavity tanks.

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