EA011080B1 - Noise protection wall and method for producing a noise protection wall - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a noise protection wall (1) with a single-layer or double-layer structure. Respectively one wall element (3) forms the front wall and the rear wall of the noise protection wall (1), between two interspaced supports (2) consisting of a U-shaped steel girder. The supports (2) are respectively anchored in the ground by means of a foundation element. The wall elements (3) are respectively applied to the inner side of the connecting section (5) of the support (2), and are held in the groove (6) formed by the support (2) and oriented towards the wall elements (3), thus withstanding the pressure of the filling. A plurality of respectively 6 cm thick wall elements (3) are superimposed in the groove (6) and adhered to each other on the front sides thereof. The wall elements of the noise protection wall consist of a combination of compressed mineral aggregates or aggregates consisting of glass and organic adhesive. High sound-insulating values are achieved as a result of the high porosity of the wall elements and the nonetheless high density of the building material.

Description

The invention relates to a noise barrier for shielding transport routes and other noise sources with a number of plate wall elements that are located above each other and / or next to each other. Further, the invention concerns a method of manufacturing a noise barrier.

Such noise barriers are known from EP 1455018 A1.

Increased environmental requirements and knowledge of the harmful effects of high levels of noise on the health currently require effective countermeasures. In particular, along transport routes, such as railway lines and streets, a growing need arises by means of technical measures to protect adjacent settlements, residential buildings, etc. from noise. The next sources of noise can be shooting noise, holiday and industrial noise.

Determining the need for construction activities are the relevant legislative regulations. The calculation of levels of occurrence and levels of exposure is based on the Guidelines for the Protection against Noise in the Streets (KE8). If the noise from the street exceeds the established limits for the levels of harmful effects calculated in buildings, then appropriate measures should be taken to reduce the level of harmful effects and protect the buildings affected by them.

As a rule, in the case of construction activities, we will talk about noise protection screens or noise protection walls. Noise protection walls are constructed where, due to lack of space, a screen cannot be built, for example, on bridges. In most cases, concrete mounting blocks or prefabricated elements made of polymeric materials are used. When soundproofing walls, special importance must be attached to a satisfactory appearance and coordination with the natural landscape.

With a soundproofing wall known from EP 1455018 A1, the caisson-like wall parts made of aluminum are connected in a box-like form into a wall. They are placed in spaced racks, and wall elements are inserted into the grooves of steel H-shaped profiles. Such aluminum wall elements are in most cases very costly for sound insulation that is sufficient. In addition, measures need to be taken to protect the walls from environmental erosion.

Based on the foregoing, the object of the invention is to propose a noise barrier wall of the type considered at the beginning, at which a high effect of protection against noise is achieved, and wall elements can be made simply and economically. In addition, a method of manufacturing a soundproofing wall of the appropriate type should be proposed.

According to the invention, the task in relation to the noise barrier wall is solved by the features of Claim 1 of the claims. Preferred forms of carrying out the invention for soundproofing walls arise from the features of claims 2-14.

Due to the inventive execution of the wall elements of the noise barrier wall from the compound of compacted mineral aggregates or glass fillers and organic adhesive, due to the high porosity of the wall elements and, nevertheless, the high density of building material, high sound insulation qualities are achieved. Since, in principle, the soundproofing qualities depend on the density of the insulation material, a high proportion of mineral aggregates and, accordingly, glass is of fundamental importance. On the other hand, aggregates are also significantly cheaper than metals or treated wood. This is the case, in particular, when quartzite, granite, basalt and quartz are used as aggregates.

Also, the size of grains or particles of aggregate materials has a significant effect on the effect of insulation, and, on the one hand, the density of building materials, as mentioned above, should be high and, on the other hand, the porosity has a softening effect on the sound. Filler materials are preferred, the average grain size of which lies between 1 and 7 mm. Regarding the effect of porosity, especially favorable values are obtained with a percentage of voids of up to 45%.

Tested mean dimensions used _to grains or particles aggregates materials lie in the range between 1 and 3 mm, between 2 and 3 mm, 2 to 4 mm, from 2 to 5 mm, or from 3 to 7 mm. Basically, the fractional composition of grains is determined according to German industrial standard 66145. Parameter η is at least 9 and is set with disregard for 1% of the fraction of excess size and fraction of reduced size.

In terms of mechanical qualities, the wall element can also be subjected to wind and traffic loads, as well as to the effects of foreign bodies. With the thickness b _{E of the} wall element from 20 to 100 mm, on the one hand, a good damping effect is achievable and, on the other hand, there is a sufficient maximum permissible mechanical load. The rectangular format of wall elements makes it possible for them to be used universally for soundproofing walls of various sizes.

When using glass balls, or glass breakage, or a mixture of them can be achieved, in particular, in combination with painted plastic looks spectacular design.

Attractive exterior design directly enhances the acceptability of sound absorbers.

- 1 011080 walls for residential areas and territories of the city. Due to the use of colored quartz sand or natural stones, more than 200 color variations can be chosen as the aggregate material, so that no limits have been set for the color design of the noise barrier wall. Architects can use these color effects effectively.

With respect to the adhesive, it is preferably a two-component polyurethane adhesive. Hot melt glue, a two-component poxy resin or a single-component polyurethane adhesive can also be used. Appropriate adhesives are offered, for example, by the company Tsgae1aCh AC.

A significant advantage in the application of adhesive from a two-component epoxy resin is seen in its quality that meets environmental requirements. The building material of wall elements has, for example, no toxic effect on mold fungi and is considered difficult to be destroyed by the action of microbes. Nevertheless, as the material tests have shown, leachable substances can be well removed from the wall element. As the washing tests prove, there is no chemical interaction between surface water and building materials, so that rainwater that flows along the wall elements can, without being subjected to treatment, be discharged into the sewage system and, accordingly, can no doubt be drained into the groundwater. Finally, the wall elements after the phase of their use can be disposed of in the installation of washing the soil or rubble without adverse effects on the environment. Alternatively, disposal after grinding is also possible in the form of a granulate.

It is advisable to build a noise barrier wall, with the wall elements being placed between the racks separated from each other, with several wall elements may be placed one above the other. Sizing wall elements with each other avoids gaps that could interfere with sound insulation.

Particularly effective improvement in noise attenuation is obtained by using the design of a noise barrier wall, according to which the noise barrier wall for the formation of gaps is made of two walls, with at least one wall made with wall elements. Preferably, both the front and back wall are brought out of connection with the wall elements. The gaps expediently can be filled with sound-insulating filler, such as blast-furnace slag or granulate from tires.

According to the invention, the task with regard to the method of manufacturing a sound barrier is solved by the features of clause 15 of the claims. Consequently, the production takes place according to the following steps of the method:

mix the aggregate materials with hot melt, fill the mixture into the formwork, forming a noise barrier wall or wall of the noise barrier wall, heat the mixture, cool and solidify the mixture and remove the formwork from the noise barrier wall.

In order to shorten the production cycle of the noise barrier wall, it is preferable if mixing occurs at a location remote from the construction site, and then the mixture in the tank, for example, a container or by means of a tank truck for transporting bulk cargo, is transported to the construction site and processed there.

Preferred embodiments of the invention are explained hereinafter with reference to the attached drawings. They are showing:

FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a noise wall installed along a street; FIG. 2 is a horizontal section of a noise barrier wall in a two-wall construction; FIG. 3 is a horizontal section of a noise barrier wall with several adjacent wall elements; and FIG. 4 is a horizontal section of the noise barrier wall in a single-layer construction.

FIG. 1 clearly shows the location of the noise protection wall 1 along the street and the required elevation, which is obtained from the accounting of the Guidelines for the protection against noise in the streets (KT8). The noise barrier wall is connected by a foundation with construction soil.

FIG. 2 noise protection wall 1 is shown in the construction with two walls. Between the two pillars 2 separated from each other from a steel I-shaped beam, the wall element 3 forms the front and rear walls of the noise protection wall 1, respectively. The uprights 2, respectively, are fixed in the construction soil with the aid of a further non-represented foundation. Both wall elements 3 are parallel to each other and at a distance from each other and consequently form a gap 4, which is filled with sound-insulating bulk material.

The wall elements 3 are fixed, respectively, on the inner side of the partition 5 of the rack 2. In the grooves 6 formed by the stand 2 directed to the wall elements 3, the wall elements 3 are retained, which thus withstand the pressure during filling. In the groove 6, several wall elements 3 are inserted one above the other, each 6 cm thick, and glued together on the end sides.

- 2 011080

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 the form of execution of noise protection wall 1 several noise protection elements 7 in the form of caissons are located next to each other to form an elongated noise protection wall 1. The noise protection elements 7 are made as in the one shown in FIG. 2 in a constructive form, with two walls and with wall elements 3 arranged one above the other. At the lateral end of each noise barrier wall is a closing post 2 ', which holds the wall elements 3.

In areas in which there are two adjacent noise-protective elements 7, provided, respectively, the centerpiece 2. It is formed by an H-shaped steel beam. The fastening of the wall elements 3 occurs as shown in FIG. 2

Regarding building materials for wall elements 3, it is a question of combining aggregate materials with hot melt adhesive. A choice of quartzite, granite, basalt, and quartz is proposed as a material for the aggregates; in the described example of execution, colored granite is used. The average grain size of granite is between 2 and 5 mm. Fractional composition is determined according to German industrial standard 66145, with a parameter of at least 9 and neglecting 1% of the fraction of excess size and fraction of reduced size.

The noise barrier wall 1 in an inexpensive single-layer structure is shown in the form of the embodiment according to FIG. 4. Between the two columns стой -shaped from each other, друг-shaped steel beams, one above another has several wall elements 3 approximately 10 cm thick. Wall elements 3 are installed, respectively, in the groove 6 of the rack 2 between the two partitions 5 of the rack 2.

Further, other forms of implementation are described.

The noise barrier wall consists of carriers with a ϋ-shaped cross section of various widths and heights. The panel consists of pre-made TeggaE1x1 slabs with backfill grain sizes from 1-3 to 11-16 mm, depending on the desired sound absorption coefficients, they are with a thickness of at least 2 cm and a maximum of 10 cm - fixed to the left and right from the inside on the supporting profiles . The size of the elements may be different, depending on the desired profile and, given the wind pressure, with or without reinforcement.

The cavity between the elements can be filled in place with various materials, depending on the desired sound absorption coefficients. Preferably, glued or not glued rubber scrap of crushed tires or blast-furnace slag is filled up.

Two-component epoxy resins (2K EP), two-component polyurethane (2K Ρϋ), one-component polyurethane (1K Ρϋ), and hot melt are considered as adhesives for this invention.

Such a noise protection wall provides not only remarkable sound absorption coefficients, but also the rapid construction of such a wall, as well as an infinite variety of colorful wall decorations. The cost of making a noise barrier wall is about half the size of ordinary concrete walls.

To construct noise protection walls even faster, elements with aggregate materials of any kind and grain size described above, such as granite, basalt, glass, quartzite or lyopornous granulometric compositions, known from patent application EP 0798273, are manufactured directly at the construction site.

Hot-melt coated granular materials are transported to the construction site, for example, in containers or tank cars for the transport of bulk cargo. In this case, they will be poured into a previously made formwork, and then heated. After cooling the elements, the formwork is removed from them and the noise protection wall is suitable for use. The time and cost savings are very high.

The noise barrier wall is made of epoxy or polyurethane systems. In this case, due to the sound insulation values (which are up to ten times higher than conventional systems), the grain size should preferably be from 1-3 to 3-7 mm, and then even coarser from 7-9 to 8-11 mm, and from 11-16 to 16-22 mm. With these grains, the veneer formwork is pre-manufactured on site, installed on the construction site and fixed. You can also fully use the element in the supporting structure with a wall thickness, as with facing formwork. Granite and the like are used again, glass fighting with various levels of screening is added to this, which can also be supplied in different colors. In this case, in the manufacture of a pigment painted with a binder, it is also possible phosphoric paints that have a glow effect.

Prefabricated elements like formwork are inserted into racks. Depending on the needs (wind pressure and sound insulation value), the elements are up to 6 cm thick and are fixed on the inner edges of the carriers.

The resulting cavities are economically produced with a filler in this case, due to sound absorption coefficients, preferably, for example, from blast-furnace slag. The advantage in this case is the rapid filling of the elements of the cladding formwork.

The production of cladding formwork occurs with grains that are first coated with hot melt. In this case, facing formwork is placed on the outside, and then completely behind

- 3 011080 replenished. By briefly heating the cladding formwork at the points of contact, the coating is glued and creates a wall with high sound absorption. In this way, it is possible to quickly and economically produce a noise barrier wall.

Reference List

- noise protection wall

- racks

2 '- closing racks 2 mediators

- wall element

- gap

- partition

- groove

- noise protection element

Claims (16)

CLAIM 1. Noise-protective wall for shielding transport routes and other sources of noise with a certain number of lamellar wall elements (3), which are located one above the other and / or next to each other, characterized in that the wall elements (3) consist of a combination of compacted mineral materials aggregates or materials aggregates made of glass with an organic adhesive. 2. Soundproof wall according to claim 1, characterized in that the size k, grains of filler materials is from 1 to 7 mm. 3. Noise protection wall according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the aggregates materials have a narrow grain fraction composition, wherein the average grain size used _in amounts ranging between 1 and 3 mm 2 to 3 mm, from 2 to 4 mm , from 2 to 5 mm or from 3 to 7 mm. 4. Soundproof wall according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the thickness b _{E of the} wall element (3) is from 20 to 100 mm. 5. Soundproof wall according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the wall elements (3) are rectangular in plan. 6. Soundproof wall according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the percentage of voids in the wall elements (3) is up to 45%. 7. Soundproofing wall according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the mineral aggregate materials are selected from the group comprising quartzite, granite, basalt and quartz. 8. Soundproof wall according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the filler materials contain glass beads and / or glass break. 9. Soundproofing wall according to claim 8, characterized in that the adhesive is painted. 10. Soundproofing wall according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the adhesive is a hot glue, or an adhesive made of two-component epoxy resin, or one-component polyurethane, or two-component polyurethane. 11. Soundproofing wall according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that part of the aggregate materials is painted and this part preferably consists of quartz sand. 12. Soundproof wall according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the soundproof wall (1) comprises racks (2, 2 ', 2) spaced apart from the wall elements (3), the wall elements (3) being installed between racks (2, 2 ', 2). 13. Soundproofing wall according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the soundproofing wall (1) for the formation of gaps (4) is made with two walls, and at least one wall is made with wall elements (3) of the said connection. 14. Soundproofing wall according to item 13, wherein the gaps (4) are filled with sound-absorbing filler. 15. A method of manufacturing a noise barrier according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in the following operations: they mix the filler materials with hot-melt adhesive, fill the formwork with the mixture forming the soundproofing wall or the wall of the soundproofing wall, heat the mixture, cool and solidify the mixture and remove the formwork from the soundproofing wall. 16. The method according to p. 15, characterized in that the mixing is carried out in a place remote from the construction site and the mixture is transported in the tank to the construction site.