RU2592580C1 - Method of well shaft construction, shaft sinking combine, rock destruction unit and reinforcing support erection device (versions) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to mining, namely, to construction of mining plants vertical shafts and shaft-sinking and tunnelling equipment for its implementation. In compliance with structure of shaft each stage of working face development in depth and removal of broken rock is independent of reinforcing support assembly and installation stages. Development of face and removal of broken rock are carried out simultaneously and separately in technologically independent zones during whole process of development. Between each stage of working face development in depth and removal of broken rock and appropriate assembly and erection of reinforcing support step power reserve of process equipment is maintained in form of developed in depth bottom hole and/or clearance to form next step of reinforcing support assembly and erection in extent of at least one step of reinforcing support erection. At that, power reserve of process equipment is achieved due to mounting frame equipment with support jacks, which can interact with bottom frame. Shaft sinking combine comprises rock destruction unit mounted on bottom hole frame for development of face and loading of broken rock and located above it device of reinforcing support erection, including mounting frame, that is located relative to bottom frame with possibility of converging in operation, excluding their physical contact. In rock-breaking unit downhole frame comprises rotary base and in its lower part is equipped with located along perimeter and directed downwards support jacks with independent working drives. Rotary base on side opposite to location of journal with rock cutting tool comprises through opening, equipped with rotary bracket, on which loading unit with jackknife boom and bucket is fixed. At that, boom is configured with possibility to output bucket beyond bottom frame during any position of rotary base. Rotary support of loading tool is located in center of rotary base, and rock cutting and loading tools are made with possibility to develop face and removal of broken rock simultaneously and separately in technologically independent areas during whole process of development. In first version of reinforcing support erection device mounting frame comprises rotary shelf, in middle part of which there is rotary bracket with jackknife boom with tip. At that, boom reach is configured with possibility to output tip beyond mounting frame at any position of rotary bracket, wherein mounting frame in its lower part includes downwards directed support jacks located along perimeter, made with possibility of simultaneous stepwise displacement, or in its upper part comprises fasteners of traction winches suspended ropes. In second version of reinforcing support erection device mounting frame has stationary shelf and in its lower part is equipped with located along perimeter and directed downwards support jacks.

EFFECT: inventions increase speed of vertical shafts tunneling and stabilize quality of reinforcing (waterproofing) tubing and/or concrete support erection.

21 cl, 12 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of mining, and in particular to the technology for the construction of vertical shaft shafts of mining enterprises and mining equipment for its implementation.

A known method of sinking vertical shaft shafts in flooded unstable rocks, including freezing rocks, drilling and blasting, after which they switch to mechanical destruction of blasted rocks, mechanized loading, securing the shaft with cast-iron tubing, followed by plugging of the blasting space, and the destruction of rocks is carried out by elastic waves equal to or less than the maximum allowable values for the contact zones of two breeds [Description of the invention to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2398967 from 07/23/2009, IPC E21D 1/00, E21D 1/12, publ. 09/10/2010].

Thorough, carried out by a special method, the destruction of rocks by an explosive method prevents tearing and deformation of freezing columns, and also increases the reliability of the ice-rock fence of the trunk. Thus, the present method does not increase the rate of penetration of the trunk, and the declared speed of 45 meters per month is a fairly modest indicator, since the theoretical speed of erection of lining is 90-120 m / month.

A known method of sinking shaft shafts in a parallel scheme, including the development of a deep bottom by blasting with the lifting of technological equipment, its subsequent lowering, loading of the destroyed rock and the simultaneous erection of concrete lining for the step size of sinking [Description of the invention to the USSR copyright certificate No. 1820001 of 02.28.1990 MKI ⁵ E21D 5/12, publ. 06/07/1993].

The parallel driving pattern implemented by the present invention is used in part and only subject to a number of conditions. The necessary ones are the cessation of blasting and ventilation of the barrel, the descent of technological equipment, its centering and fixing, the uninterrupted simultaneous operability of all units of technological equipment. Failure to comply with even one of the conditions introduces an element of “sequence” into the “parallel” technology, which reduces the efficiency of using the complex, and the frequency of erection of fragments (layers) of lining requires special conditions for concrete work, including periodic supply of mortar in the required amount with the desired properties with a gradual increase depth of supply, which requires significant costs for obtaining stable quality characteristics of the lining for its height.

A well-known technology for the construction of a shaft shaft, carried out by the corresponding mechanized complex, and including the development of a face in depth using a blasting or mechanical method with one set of technological equipment, cleaning the destroyed rock using pneumatic transport with another, independent of the first, set of equipment, as well as the assembly and step-by-step construction of reinforcing lining with using the equipment of the first set [Description of the utility model to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 137573 of 08/08/2013, IPC E21D 1/03, E21D 5/12, publ. 02/20/2014]. When switching from drilling and blasting technology of sinking to the mechanical process of erecting lining and shipment of rock is not interrupted.

The disadvantages of the drilling and blasting technology of shaft sinking are described above, while with the implementation of a more productive mechanical technology for developing the face (since there is no need to stop work when carrying out explosive measures), it becomes impossible to install the support until the tunneling regiment is moved to the bottom of the face by the necessary step equal to, for example, the sum of the tubing height and the required technological clearance. Thus, the rate of penetration of the trunk is limited by the speed of development of the face or the speed of installation of the lining adopted in this technology, and the inevitable technological interruptions in the operation of the corresponding equipment additionally lead to an increase in the construction period of the mining enterprise.

A known method of constructing vertical shaft shafts of tunnels and subways, including the development of a face in depth, cleaning of the destroyed rock, assembly and step-by-step construction of reinforcing tubing lining, carried out at the same technological level [Description of the invention to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2141030 from 04.24.1997, IPC ⁶ E21D 1 / 08, publ. 11/10/1999].

Given the specifics of the construction of mine shafts, which is limited to the trunks of tunnels and subways, i.e. trunks of small depth in, as a rule, stable soils, this method does not require a high penetration rate and tough measures to strengthen and seal the trunk. This is what determines the conduct of all work sequentially at one technological level. And sealing is carried out by installing sealing gaskets after assembling the tubing, which further reduces the rate of penetration. As a result, the present method cannot be applied for the construction of deep trunks.

As you can see, almost all methods of constructing mine shafts come down to developing a face in depth with, as a rule, sequential cleaning of the destroyed rock and, subsequent to it, sequential assembly and step-by-step construction of reinforcing lining, and the penetration rate is measured according to the most labor-intensive redistribution (as a rule, this is the installation of tubing, and sometimes concrete lining, or the development of a face in depth), which determines the main technical characteristics of the construction process of a mountain structure, while t from the fact that during the development of the face a variety of non-standard situations are possible, associated, for example, with the deterioration of the geological structure of the rock in a certain area and the associated replacement of the working tool, the need for emergency restoration of the destroyed tool, etc., and mandatory measures related to equipment prevention, planned tool change, repair work, etc. If the event is not within the duration of the basic redistribution, then the time for its implementation tion additionally increases the total construction time of the shaft shaft. Thus, the parametric reserve of increasing the penetration rate is in the range of 90-120 m / month - the average speed of erection of the reinforcing lining - which should be a guideline for the newly developed technologies.

The problem solved by the first invention of the group and the achieved technical result, in terms of the method, are to increase the speed of penetration of vertical shaft shafts and stabilize the quality of the construction of reinforcing (waterproofing) tubing and / or concrete lining. These indicators are ensured by the maximum possible implementation of the principle of "parallelism" in the technological process of driving a shaft shaft. In addition, the implementation of the method increases the reliability of the equipment.

To solve the problem and achieve the claimed technical result in the method of constructing a mine shaft, including the stages of development of the face in depth and cleaning of the destroyed rock, and the stages of assembly and step-by-step construction of reinforcing lining, each stage of the development of the face in depth and cleaning of the destroyed rock is carried out regardless of the stages of assembly and installation of reinforcing lining, while between each stage of the development of the face in depth and cleaning of the destroyed rock and the corresponding stage of assembly and construction of reinforcing lining dderzhivayut reserve of process equipment, as developed at the depth of the bottom and / or clearance to form a further step of assembly and erection of a reinforcing lining at a rate of at least one step of the erection of the reinforcement lining.

Besides:

- the development of the face and cleaning of the destroyed rock is carried out simultaneously and separately in technologically independent zones;

- the development of the face in depth is carried out layer by layer with cutters and / or cones and / or hammers;

- reinforcing lining made tubing and / or concrete.

A well-known complex of equipment for a parallel method of driving vertical shaft shafts, including a tunnel shelf suspended on the ropes of winches mounted on the surface, and a formwork consisting of a forming shell and a pallet. The forming shell is suspended on guide ropes to move the tubs, the pallet is made taking into account the possibility of moving it along the barrel separately from the forming shell. When the equipment complex is relocated to a new entry, the tunneling shelf moves with the pallet mounted on it with the help of hinged supports. After expansion of the shelf, centering and spacing of the pallet is carried out by means of hydraulic jacks with sliding stops. When the tension of the guide ropes is weakened, the forming shell is lowered for concreting the barrel walls [See Description to A.S. USSR No. 1820001]. The task at hand is to increase the efficiency of using the complex.

The method for constructing a shaft shaft implemented by this complex does not control the volumes of recoverable rock, which is related to the specifics of using explosive technology. As a result, the volume and weight of concrete lining increases with a significant excess of regulatory requirements for it. This reduces the speed of penetration and increases the capital cost of construction. In addition, the present device has disadvantages characteristic of the method it implements (see above). Also, the complex is not intended for installation of tubing lining, as this will significantly reduce the speed of construction of the trunk.

A well-known tunneling complex for the construction of vertical mine workings by a blasting method, including a two-story shelf carriage, a clamshell rock loader suspended on a rope to a hoist mechanism, the body of which is rotatably mounted on both floors of a shelf carriage, a drive mechanism for rotating the hoist mechanism, a suspension arm of a clamshell rock loader , the control mechanism of the clamshell loader on the lower floor of the shelf-carriage, a tub with a bottom and a shell and a tub bell, while the complex is equipped with a a pre-loading unit with a bracket, a hopper and a drive, a landing device for a bucket and a bottom hole formwork, the hopper being suspended by flexible ties to a bracket mounted in a carriage shelf with the possibility of rotation until the hopper axis is aligned with the axis of the tub, and the landing device for the tub is made in the form V-shaped frame suspended by flexible ties to the shelf-carriage coaxially to the bucket bell [Description of the invention to the USSR author's certificate No. 1121440 of 05/10/1983, MKI ³ E21D 1/04, publ. 10/30/1984]. As the trunk is drilled, concrete is poured into the bottom hole formwork.

The disadvantage of this tunneling complex is its linkage to drilling and blasting technology, when the technological capabilities of the equipment are realized between the blasting operations and the trunk ventilation works, while there is a clear sequence between rock unloading and the preparation of drilling and blasting operations, during which concrete lining is installed. In addition to carrying out blasting operations, any stop of loading equipment, for example, for prevention or repair, automatically stops the process of erecting lining, which additionally limits the speed of penetration of the shaft of the shaft or inevitably affects the quality of lining. As the depth of penetration increases, considerable effort is required to solve these problems and more time.

A mechanized complex is known for sinking vertical trunks of mining enterprises using a blasting or mechanical method, including a stem-driving unit and a multi-storey tunneling shelf, on which pneumatic means of destruction of the rock are located, while the barrel-driving unit moves separately (independently) from the tunneling shelf in the barrel using its own supporting hydraulic cylinders ( jacks), and the shelves are moved along the trunk with the help of traction winches mounted on the surface, while it tunnel shelf support ring allows mounting tubbing rings, its lifting and docking with tyubingovoy column [see. description of PM to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 137573].

This complex has inherent disadvantages of the technology it implements (see above). In addition, the use of pneumatic conveying to remove the destroyed rock as part of the stem-boring assembly requires guaranteed rock calibration, which in the case of using explosive technology can be ensured by using additional devices to destroy the resulting debris, which complicates the design of the complex. It should be borne in mind that all equipment, regardless of the prospects for its use, should be on a suspended shelf. As a result, the productivity of the complex will increase slightly, and the energy costs for its maintenance will be significantly higher than necessary.

A device for the construction of vertical shaft shafts, including a two-tier tunneling shelf, equipped with stops and rigid guides, a mechanism for moving the device, an annular supporting jig with monorails, spacer screw devices and a movable carriage with a moving mechanism, a soil development mechanism, a soil loading mechanism and a tubing packing mechanism at the same time, a soil development mechanism and a soil loading mechanism are installed on the carriage, and the soil development mechanism is mounted on the bottom at the end of the vertical shaft pivotally mounted in the central part of the movable carriage with the possibility of moving together with the carriage along the annular support conductor and developing the entire bottom face of the shaft and is made with removable rock-developing bodies, a third ring monorail is mounted below the two-tier shelf, on which it is mounted with the possibility of movement according to it, the tubing laying mechanism, made in the form of a flexible conductor mounted on a monorail with the ability to bend around the ring support jig and alignment of bolt holes of abutting tubing [See Description of the invention to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2141030].

Despite the multi-level design of the device and the theoretical possibility of simultaneous work on the destruction of the soil, its shipment and the installation of tubing lining, it is impossible to carry out the work of the next stage if the previous stages are not completed (as mentioned above). As a rule, the whole complex of these works is carried out by one brigade. As a result, the time of trunk penetration is irrationally increased.

The problem solved by the second invention of the group and the technical result achieved, in terms of the technical solution of the tunneling harvester, consists in increasing the speed of penetration of vertical shaft shafts and stabilizing the quality of the construction of the reinforcing (waterproofing) tubing and / or concrete lining, which is ensured by maximizing the principle "Parallelism" in the technological process of driving a shaft shaft. Additionally increases the reliability of the combine.

To solve the problem and achieve the claimed technical result in a shaft-passing combine, characterized by the presence of a rock cutting unit for developing a face and loading the destroyed rock, and a device located above it for the construction of reinforcing supports, while the rock cutting unit for developing a face and loading the destroyed rock is mounted on a bottomhole frame , in the lower part of which, along the perimeter, support jacks directed downward with independent working drives, made with the possibility of interaction with the bottom of the bottom, and on the side of the bottom surface of the bottom of the bottom frame there are spreader jacks directed to the sides, made to interact with the bottom wall, and the device for erecting reinforcing lining includes a mounting frame and contains spreader jacks made to interact with the bottom wall under the reinforcing lining, while the mounting frame is located relative to the bottomhole frame with the possibility of rapprochement during operation, excluding physical contact.

Besides:

- a rock cutting unit for mining and loading of destroyed rock is mounted on the bottomhole frame with the ability to carry out mining and loading of the destroyed rock in technologically independent zones;

- the mounting frame is placed on the hanging ropes of traction winches, with the possibility of stepwise movement during operation;

- the mounting frame contains support jacks interacting with the bottomhole frame and made with the possibility of simultaneous stepwise movement.

A known unit for sinking a vertical shaft of a mining enterprise and installing a waterproofing tubing and / or concrete roof support, including a support frame consisting of several segments and representing an assembly and centering platform for installing tubing in a vertical shaft of a mining enterprise and equipped with hydraulic drive means, a rotary ring and at least one screw type milling organ associated with an electric drive and a barrel loading machine [Utility Model Description tent RF №119031 from 09.04.2012, IPC E21D 1/08, publ. 08/10/2012].

Like all known single-level (in terms of placement of working equipment) sinking complexes, this unit is limited in performance, which is determined by the speed of installation of the tubing (or concrete) lining or the speed of milling of the face adjusted for downtime associated with the planned operation of the rest of the downhole equipment, for example, sinking of heavy rocks increases the time for sinking, etc., as well as the need for maintenance of downhole equipment, which is often enough outside the installation time to turnip. The lack of groundwork for the sinking of the face slows down the proven technology of mounting the support, for example, concrete, and reduces the overall speed of sinking. Likewise, the assembly of tubing during the driving of light soils will restrain the operation of downhole equipment.

A device for sinking vertical mine workings, mainly mine wells when creating beam drains or water intakes using the lower support, which contains a platform mounted for rotation on an annular support and a loader placed on the platform with the possibility of rotation in a horizontal plane [Description of the invention USSR copyright certificate No. 1793057 of July 18, 1990, MKI ⁵ E21D 1/03, publ. 02/07/1993]. After filling the bucket, the loader is turned at a certain angle. The bucket stops exactly above the lifting vessel fixed on the platform, the fixed position of the loader and the vessel increases the speed of penetration of the workings.

The installation of the lowering lining is technologically linked to the operation of the device for sinking, so any stopping of the equipment for sinking stops the installation of the next fragment of the concrete lining. In addition, the device works only on soft flooded soils with a predicted geological structure and on workings of small diameter and depth, for example, up to 50 meters, where the process of rock destruction is combined with the process of its excavation, and the concrete lining is installed at the opposite end of the excavation - on the surface land. Thus, the present device cannot be used for the capital construction of deep shaft shafts.

A well-known shield system for the construction of mine shafts, including a housing, inside which there are power jacks pivotally connected to the slider, a sliding formwork connected by jacks to the lower shelf, rigidly connected to the shield body, and the upper shelf, while cutting is located on the lower shelf (rock-breaking) organ and loading organ [Description of the invention to the USSR copyright certificate No. 597845 of 07/14/1969, MKI ⁵ E21D 1/03, publ. 03/15/1978].

The disadvantage of this complex is that there is a rigid technological connection between the process of developing the face and harvesting the rock with the process of erecting concrete lining. In the event of a malfunction in the operation of equipment of the same type, the drilling process as a whole is suspended, which is explained by the rigid sequence of the construction of shaft shafts.

The problem solved by the third invention of the group and the technical result achieved, in terms of the technical solution of the rock cutting unit of the tunneling combine, is to increase the speed of penetration of vertical shaft shafts under the reinforcing (waterproofing) tubing and / or concrete lining, which is achieved by combining in time and separation in the space of the process of destruction of the rock and its shipment. Reducing accident rate on the unit increases its reliability.

To solve the problem and achieve the claimed technical result in the rock cutting machine, characterized by the presence of a bottomhole frame with a swivel base and a drive to rotate it, moreover, in the lower part of the bottomhole frame along the perimeter there are supporting jacks with independent working drives, and from the side of the side surface of the bottomhole frame spreader jacks directed to the sides are located, the swivel base in its lower part contains a trunnion located offset to the periphery, on The center of which has a pivot handle with a rock cutting body attached, while the pivot base on the side opposite to the trunnion with the rock cutting body has a through window equipped with a pivot arm, on which a loading body with a breaking boom and a bucket is fixed, and the boom can be pulled out beyond the bottomhole frame at any position of the swivel base.

Besides:

- the pin in the lower part of the rotary base is made with the possibility of axial displacement (displacement) relative to it;

- the swivel bracket of the loading body is located in the center of the swivel base;

- rock cutting body is made incisor or cone;

- loading body is made excavator;

- breaking rotary boom of the loading body is equipped with a hydraulic hammer.

Known forming unit for sinking vertical shaft shafts and mounting the lining, including a collapsible support frame, representing a platform for mounting a tubing column and tubing rings and consisting of several segments, and equipped with an independent hydraulic drive, telescopic folding support hydraulic cylinders, as well as rotary and bursting hydraulic cylinders and drive milling working body, while the supporting frame is made in the form of a trapezoidal inverted tray equipped with a system their suspension on ropes interacting with lifting equipment [Description of the utility model to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 127815 of November 6, 2012, IPC E21D 1/08, publ. 05/10/2013]. As a result, the quality of the roof support is improved.

The disadvantage of this forming unit is that each time after the installation of the next fragment of the tubing and concrete lining, independent work begins on digging the face in depth by the amount of the next step of mounting the lining and shipment of the destroyed rock. The sequence of work on the sinking of the face and the installation of lining reduces the overall speed of sinking.

Other devices for erecting reinforcing lining, which are part of the various previously mentioned sinking complexes, are also known, for example, a device (forming shell) for concreting the walls of the barrel, which is part of the equipment for the parallel method of sinking vertical shaft shafts, which is a sliding formwork [See Description to A.S. USSR No. 1820001] and others.

The problem solved by the fourth and fifth inventions of the group, in terms of the technical solution of devices for the construction of reinforcing lining, and the technical result achieved are to increase the speed of penetration of vertical shaft shafts and stabilize the quality of the construction of reinforcing (waterproofing) tubing and / or concrete lining, which is ensured by narrow specialization of the executive device at the finishing operation of the construction of a mining enterprise. Minimizing extraneous factors during the construction of the lining increases the reliability of the devices.

To solve the problem and achieve the claimed technical result in the first version of the device for the construction of reinforcing lining, characterized by the presence of the mounting frame, on the side of the side surface of which there are spreader jacks directed to the sides, and which in its upper part includes a rotary shelf with its rotation drive and with at least one equipped with a through-hole fencing, while the rotary shelf in its middle part is equipped with a rotary bracket with fixed breaking it with okonechnikom boom, the boom configured to output okonechnika beyond the chassis at any position of the swing arm.

Besides:

- the upper part of the mounting frame contains a movable mounting shelf for preloading tubing;

- the mounting frame in its lower part includes perimeter support jacks arranged downward along the perimeter and arranged to simultaneously move in steps;

- the mounting frame in its upper part includes fastening elements for the suspension ropes of traction winches;

- the rotary bracket of the breaking boom with the tip is located in the center of the rotary shelf;

- the tip is made in the form of a crane hook or manipulator;

- the mounting frame in its upper part outside the rotary shelf is equipped with a formwork and hydraulic cylinders of its preload in the direction of the walls of the shaft of the shaft.

To solve the problem and achieve the claimed technical result in the second version of the device for the construction of reinforcing lining, characterized by the presence of a mounting frame, which in its lower part includes perimeter-directed support jacks arranged along the perimeter, capable of simultaneous stepwise movement, and from the side of the side surface includes spreader jacks directed to the sides, while the mounting frame in its upper part contains a formwork with hydraulic cylinders for preloading it in the direction of the walls of the shaft of the shaft and stationary shelves with at least two equipped with bell-fencing-through holes.

In addition, the support jacks are made with the possibility of simultaneous stepwise movement

The group of inventions is illustrated by drawings, where:

- in FIG. 1 shows a general view (characteristic position) of a stem-harvester in a section with a power reserve between a device for erecting a reinforcing lining and a rock cutting aggregate interacting with each other by means of support jacks;

- in FIG. 2 is a view A of FIG. 1, is a bottom view of a rock cutting assembly;

- in FIG. 3 is a view B of FIG. 1, is a top view of the rock cutting unit with projections of the zones for mining and harvesting the destroyed rock;

- in FIG. 4 shows the position In FIG. 1 - drive rotary base of the bottomhole frame;

- in FIG. 5 shows a section G-D of FIG. 1 is a design of the placement of the axle of the rotary handle of the rock cutting body in the rotary base of the bottomhole frame;

- in FIG. 6 shows a view D of FIG. 1, - view of the device for the construction of reinforcing lining from above;

- in FIG. 7 shows the position Ε of FIG. 1 - drive rotary shelf mounting frame;

- in FIG. 8 shows a general view (characteristic position) of the stem harvester of FIG. 1 in the context of the power reserve in the form of developed in the depth of the face;

- in FIG. 9 shows a General view of the stem-boring combine in the context of a device for the construction of reinforcing lining, the mounting frame of which is placed on the hanging ropes of traction winches;

- in FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the stem harvester of FIG. 1 in section with a device for the construction of reinforcing lining equipped with formwork, the mounting frame of which is supported by the bottomhole frame by means of support jacks;

- in FIG. 11 is a General view of a stem-boring combine in section with a traditional device for erecting reinforcing lining (shown conditionally) equipped with support jacks for interacting with the bottomhole frame;

- in FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of an upgraded shaft-cutting combine with a traditional device for erecting reinforcing lining (conventionally shown) placed on the hanging ropes of traction winches.

The stem-boring combine includes a rock cutting unit 1 for developing a face and loading the destroyed rock, and a device 2 located above it for erecting tubing 3 and / or concrete 3 ′ reinforcing supports, while a rock cutting unit 1 for developing a face and loading destroyed rock is mounted on the bottomhole frame 4 , in the lower part of which along the perimeter there are located support jacks 5 with independent working drives (not shown conditionally), made with the possibility of interaction with the bottom of the face, and with a hundred On the side surface of the bottomhole frame 4, there are spacer jacks 6 directed to the sides, arranged to interact with the bottom wall, and the device 2 for erecting reinforcing lining 3 or 3 ′ includes a mounting frame 7 and contains expansion jacks 8, configured to interact with the bottom wall under the reinforcing lining 3 or 3 ′, while the mounting frame 7 is located relative to the bottomhole frame 4 with the possibility of rapprochement during operation, excluding physical contact.

The rock-breaking unit 1 for developing the face and loading the destroyed rock is mounted on the bottom frame 4 with the ability to develop the face and loading the destroyed rock in technologically independent zones 9 and 10. The mounting frame 7 can be placed on the suspended ropes 11 of the traction winches with the possibility of stepwise movement in the process work in the depth of the face, or may contain support jacks 12, interacting with the bottomhole frame 4 and made with the possibility of simultaneous stepwise movement, also in depth to a bean of a face.

Thus, the method of constructing a mine shaft includes the steps of developing a face in depth and cleaning up the destroyed rock, and the steps of assembling and step-by-step erection of tubing 3 and / or concrete 3 ′ reinforcing supports, each step of developing a face in depth and cleaning up the destroyed rock, regardless of the stages assembling and installing reinforcing supports 3 or 3 ′, while between each stage of development of the face in depth and cleaning of the destroyed rock and the corresponding stage of assembly and construction of reinforcing supports 3 or 3 ′ maintain a power reserve process equipment, in the form slaughtering and / or Δ gap depth developed in the subsequent step for forming the assembly and erection of a reinforcing lining 3 or 3 'in the amount of at least one step of the erection of a reinforcing lining 3 or 3'. The development of the face and cleaning of the destroyed rock is carried out simultaneously and separately in technologically independent zones 9 and 10, while the development of the face in depth is carried out in layers by cutters and / or cones, and / or hammers.

The rock-destroying aggregate 1, including as an independent product, includes a bottomhole frame 4 with a rotary base 13 and a drive 14 for turning it; moreover, in the lower part of the bottomhole frame 4 along the perimeter there are supporting jacks 5 with independent working drives, and from the side the surface of the bottomhole frame 4 are located in the direction of the spacer jacks 6, the swivel base 13 in its lower part contains a pin 15 located offset from the periphery (i.e., from the center of the base 13), at the end of which is fixed a pivot arm 16 with a rock cutting member 17, wherein the pivot base 13 from the side opposite to the spigot 15 with a rock cutting member 17 comprises a through window 18 equipped with a pivot arm 19 on which a loading member with a breaking boom 20 and a bucket 21 is fixed, and the boom 20 configured to exit the bucket 21 beyond the bottomhole frame 4 at any position of the rotary base 13.

The pin 15 in the lower part of the rotary base 13 is made with the possibility of axial movement relative to it, while the rock cutting body 17 can be made incisor (the so-called cutting drum 22), or cone, etc. (conditionally not shown).

The swivel bracket 19 of the loading body is located in the center of the swivel base 13, while the loading body itself is made excavator (excavator type, as shown in the figures), and its breaking swivel boom 20 is equipped with a hydraulic hammer 23.

The first version of the device 2 (including as an independent product) for the construction of reinforcing lining 3 or 3 ′ contains a mounting frame 7, on the side of the side surface of which there are spacer jacks 8 directed to the sides, and which in its upper part includes a rotary shelf 24 sec the drive 25 of its rotation and with at least one equipped with a bell-guard 26 through hole 27, while the rotary shelf 24 in its middle part is equipped with a rotary bracket 28 with a breaking arrow 29 secured to it 30 m, the boom 29 is configured to output okonechnika 30 beyond the mounting frame 7 for any position of the swing arm 28.

The upper part of the mounting frame 7 contains a movable mounting shelf 31 for preloading the tubing 3, and the lower part includes perimeter-directed support jacks 12 arranged with the possibility of simultaneous stepwise movement. In addition, the mounting frame 7 in its upper part may include fasteners 32 hanging ropes 11 traction winches (not shown conditionally). Additionally, the mounting frame 7 in its upper part outside the rotary shelf 24 may be provided with a formwork 33 and hydraulic cylinders 34 of its preload in the direction of the walls of the shaft of the shaft.

The rotary bracket 28 of the breaking boom 29 with the tip 30 is located in the center of the rotary shelf 24 - at the same distance to the installation site of the tubing 3, while the tip 30 is made in the form of a crane hook (equipped with a hook - as shown in the figures) or a manipulator (not shown conditionally) .

The second version of the device 2-2 ′ (including as an independent product) for the construction of exclusively concrete reinforcing lining 3 ′ includes a mounting frame 7 ′, which in its lower part contains support jacks 12 located along the perimeter, made with the possibility of simultaneous stepwise moving, and from the side of the side surface contains directional expansion jacks 8, while the mounting frame 7 ′ in its upper part contains the formwork 33 with hydraulic cylinders 34 of its compression in the direction of the walls the shaft of the mine and the stationary shelf 35 with at least two equipped with bell-fencing 26 through holes 27.

Let us analyze the essential features of inventions.

In the method of constructing a mine shaft, each stage of development of the face in depth and cleaning of the destroyed rock is carried out regardless of the stages of assembly and installation of tubing 3 or concrete 3 ′ reinforcing lining, while between each stage of development of the face in depth and cleaning of the destroyed rock and the corresponding assembly stage and the construction of the reinforcing lining maintains the power reserve of the technological equipment, in the form of a gap Δ designed to the depth of the face and / or gap for the formation of the next assembly step and the construction of the reinforcing lining 3 and / or 3 'in the amount of at least one step of the erection of the reinforcement support frame 3 and / or 3'. This means that the development of the face in depth and the cleaning of the destroyed rock are spaced in space and time with the assembly and installation of reinforcing supports 3 or 3 ′. Thus, it is possible for each unit of special technological equipment - 1 and 2 (2 ′) - to perform its function independently of each other, i.e. parallel. This provides both high productivity of penetration and high-quality construction of reinforcing supports 3 and / or 3 ′, since these processes do not overlap, and this, in turn, affects the reliability of the equipment.

Of course, parallelism elements can be observed in almost all known methods for constructing mine shafts, however, this happens briefly and under strict observance of a number of conditions, for example, such as stabilization of previously developed technology on equally malleable rocks, coincidence of the rates of development of the face and erection of lining, trouble-free operation equipment, the use of a new (worn-out) tool, the interchangeability of maintenance personnel, the exception of emergency situations, held emontno preventive measures, etc. In real conditions of the construction of mine shafts, especially deep ones, the simultaneous observance and fulfillment of all these conditions is difficult. In the future, this technology makes it possible to carry out modernization on any trunks under construction, which requires the modernization of at least one technological redistribution while maintaining another. For example, the existing shaft-boring equipment continues to develop the face in depth and to clean the destroyed rock, but at the same time it is equipped with an independent (technology-dependent) device 2 or 2 ′ for the construction of reinforcing supports 3 and / or 3 ′, or, conversely, the existing equipment continues to carry out the construction of reinforcing supports 3 and / or 3 ′, but at the same time it is also equipped with an independent rock-breaking unit 1 for developing a face in depth and loading the destroyed rock in specially designed for I am this bucket 36. The freed up functions of the modernized stemming equipment are canned or dismantled.

Also, an increase in the rate of penetration of the trunk is facilitated by the fact that the development of the bottom in depth and the removal of the bottom of the destroyed rock is carried out simultaneously, but separately - in technologically independent zones 9 and 10, respectively, which allows to exclude the physical contact of actuators to the maximum extent during their independent work, which means significantly reduce the accident rate of equipment. At the same time, ample opportunities remain for choosing a technology, usually layered, for rock destruction (mining), for example, with cutters, cones or hammers.

Thus, the implementation of the method further increases the reliability of the equipment.

The stem-boring combine, despite the apparent "independence" of the work of its rock cutting unit 1 and the device for erecting reinforcing lining 2 or 2 ′, is a production line where, unlike the "classic" production line, technological operations are moved relative to the work object (mine shaft ), and the processing rhythm is the approved speed (rhythm) of the construction of the reinforcing (waterproofing) lining 3 and / or 3 ′ in a structurally and technologically complete form. And if we assume the possibility of independent penetration at the first stage of the mine shaft to its entire depth with the subsequent dismantling of the tunneling equipment, and then, at the second stage, the independent construction of reinforcing supports 3 and / or 3 ′, then this technology can be implemented in relatively shallow mines, however, when the depth of the shaft shaft (also of a large diameter) is hundreds and thousands of meters, tunneling equipment and equipment for the construction of reinforcing lining must be combined into a technological line th.

As a result, the combine is made two-level and includes a rock cutting unit 1 for developing a face and loading the destroyed rock in buckets 36, and a device 2 or 2 ′ located above it in a certain way — at the second level — for erecting a tubing 3 and / or concrete 3 ′ reinforcing lining that allows you to implement the above method of constructing a shaft shaft.

The rock-breaking unit 1 for developing the face and loading the destroyed rock is mounted on the bottom-hole frame 4, in the lower part of which along the perimeter there are support jacks 5 directed downward with independent working drives, made with the possibility of interaction with the bottom of the bottom. Thus, the rock-destroying aggregate 1 was initially made non-hanging, in the form of an independent device, based on the bottom of the face with the possibility of multivariate and multilevel copying of its relief. On the side of the lateral surface of the bottomhole frame 4 there are spacer jacks 6 directed to the sides, arranged to interact with the bottomhole wall, which makes it possible to center the unit 1 relative to the axis of the barrel (subsequently this ensures uniformity of the total (total) wall thickness of the reinforcing lining 3 or 3 ′, which also stabilizes its quality indicators. Theoretically, expansion jacks 6 are able to hold the rock cutting unit 1 for the development of the face and loading of the destroyed rock in a suspended tank thawing - without the help of support jacks 5, but this will create difficulties when it is smoothly moved one step further into the depth of the face.However, in some cases, the unit 1 can be left suspended on the expansion jacks 6 and this will free up the face space for unhindered passage of the rock-breaking body 17 (22), for unimpeded operation of the bucket 21 of the loading organ or, for example, for carrying out repair and maintenance measures, etc.

A device 2 or 2 ′ for erecting a reinforcing lining is mounted on a mounting frame 7 or 7 ′ and contains expansion jacks 8 made with the possibility of interaction with the face wall under the reinforcing lining 3 and / or 3 ′. This ensures the centering of the device 2 or 2 ′ relative to the axis of the barrel and its reliable fixation, sufficient to compensate for a variety of work and abnormal loads, which, together with the “coaxial” face, will provide its required and stable quality indicators after the construction of reinforcing supports 3 and / or 3 ′.

The most important advantages of a stem-harvester in comparison with known structures of the same purpose are manifested in that the mounting frame 7 or 7 ′ of the device 2 and / or 2 ′ for erecting reinforcing supports 3 and / or 3 ′ is located relative to the bottom-hole frame 4 of the rock cutting unit 1 s the possibility of rapprochement in the process of work, excluding physical contact, as the frames 7 and 4 themselves, and their various working bodies and actuators. The presence of physical contact provides for the sequence of steps for developing the depth of the face and cleaning of the destroyed rock and the stages of assembly and installation of tubing 3 or concrete 3 ′ reinforcing lining, which reduces the speed of penetration of the shaft shaft and can affect the quality of the lining 3 and / or 3 ′, for example concrete delivered to a great depth is not poured on time into the tubing space or formwork 33, etc. The situation is exacerbated, for example, by an unexpected stop of the rock cutting unit 1, a decrease in the speed of mining and / or loading of the destroyed rock in the tub 36, etc. That is why the device 2 or 2 ′ for the construction of reinforcing supports 3 and / or 3 ′ and the rock cutting unit 1 are located at some distance from each other during operation. The minimum distance between them is determined by the possibility of guaranteed displacement of the device 2 or 2 ′ for the construction of the reinforcing lining 3 and / or 3 ′ to the next, next step. During the construction of this section (step) of the reinforcing lining 3 or 3 ′, the rock cutting unit 1 for the development of the face and loading of the destroyed rock will shift to such a depth that it will be possible to freely move the device 2 or 2 ′ for the construction of the reinforcing lining 3 and / or 3 ′ to the next step. The maximum distance between the device 2 or 2 ′ for the construction of the reinforcing lining 3 and / or 3 ′ and the rock cutting unit 1 can be any, but it is practically limited by the safety requirements arising from the stability of the walls of the developed part of the shaft shaft.

It is these characteristics that provide the combine with a high penetration rate of vertical shaft shafts and the highest possible stable quality of the construction of reinforcing (waterproofing) lining 3 and / or 3 ′.

The possibility of step-by-step rapprochement during operation of device 2 or 2 ′ for erecting reinforcing lining 3 and / or 3 ′ with rock cutting aggregate 1 is ensured by the fact that the mounting frame 7 or 7 ′ of device 2 or 2 ′ is placed on independent hanging ropes 11 of traction winches or mounting frame 7 or 7 ′ is equipped with support jacks 12, which are able to interact with the bottomhole frame 4, providing the necessary distance between functionally independent elements. In this case, the support jacks 12 of the mounting frame 7 are able to replace the ropes 11 of the traction winches. This is very important when working at great depths (500 m or more), when a sufficiently heavy device 2 or 2 ′ for the construction of reinforcing supports 3 and / or 3 ′ performs, in addition to the inevitable lateral movements within the walls of the face, in the process of displacement to the next working position and uncontrolled reciprocating movements within the elastic tensile deformation of the suspension ropes 11, which can lead to damage to the elements of expensive equipment and erected roof supports 3 and / or 3 ′.

The ability to carry out the development of the face and loading of the destroyed rock by the rock-breaking aggregate 1 in technologically independent zones 9 and 10 also contributes to the solution of the problem. Since all this significantly affects the reduction in the number of possible emergency situations, the reliability of the technological equipment and the shaft harvester as a whole increases.

The rock-destroying aggregate 1 includes a bottomhole frame 4 with a rotary base 13 and a drive for turning it 14. Stationary frame 4 is a base during operation, it ensures the stability of the aggregate 1 in operation and is a kind of caliber shaft shaft. The rotary base 13 provides at the horizontal level the implementation of all the technological functions of the rock cutting unit 1 within the dimensions of the bottomhole frame 4 and up to the walls of the bottomhole. In the lower part of the bottomhole frame 4 around the perimeter there are downwardly directed support jacks 5 with independent working drives. This indicates that the unit 1 is not connected with the cable system of the mine shaft and is capable of sequentially developing the face, having a guaranteed support on its bottom, regardless of the developed relief and depth. This function is especially relevant when working on mine shafts of large, almost unlimited depth and large diameter.

On the side of the side surface of the bottomhole frame 4 there are spacer jacks 6 directed to the sides, which, as mentioned above, allow the unit 1 to be centered with respect to the axis of the barrel and, if necessary, held in suspension.

The rotary base 13 in its lower part comprises a trunnion 15 made with the possibility of axial displacement (displacement) relative to it, for example, by means of a splined connection, and located offset to the periphery (from the center), at the end of which a rotary handle 16 with a rock cutting body is fixed 17 (22). The technological capabilities of the rotary rock cutting body 17 (22) and the rotary base 13 ensure the development of the entire bottom area, despite the small outburst of the rock cutting body 17 (22), due to which the cantilever loads on the trunnion 15 have been significantly reduced. Longitudinal - along the axis - displacement of the trunnion 15 increases the capabilities of the unit 1 in terms of a deeper layer-by-layer mining of the face with one fixed position of the mounting frame 4, which increases the speed of penetration.

The pivot base 13 from the side opposite to the placement of the pin 15 with the rock cutting body 17 (22) contains a through window 18, equipped, for example, in its upper part, with a pivoting bracket 19, on which a loading body with a breaking boom 20 and a bucket 21 is fixed. Thus, the space free from the rock cutting body 17 (22) is occupied by loading equipment, and the boom 20 is configured to exit the bucket 21 beyond the bottomhole frame 4 at any position of the rotary base 13, and since the rotary arm n 19 of the loading body is located in the center of the rotary base 13, it becomes possible to ship the destroyed rock in a sufficiently large space of the face located within the through hole 18, while all the working movements of the loading body are standardized (i.e. are typical - from one center from the periphery of the face and back).

The placement of the pivot 15 with the pivoting arm 16 offset to the periphery of the pivot base 13 and the presence of the through window 18 on the opposite side of the pivot 15 with the pivoting arm 19 forms specialized technological zones — developing the face 9 and loading the destroyed rock 10. This allows, practically , to exclude accidental emergency interaction of the relevant executive bodies in the process of joint simultaneous work, making the work of the rock cutting unit 1 more productive. The existing insignificant intersection area of two working zones 9 and 10 can be controlled by automatic means - when processing the bottom center with a rock cutting body 17 (22), the restriction on the movement of the breaking boom 20 of the loading organ is turned on, as a result of which the bucket 21 stops at the established border, while it is possible unhindered extraction of the rock, including from the peripheral sections of the face, its crushing, if necessary, and further loading of the rock into the tub 36.

Mounted on the rock cutting unit 1, the rock cutting body 17 can be equipped, depending on the geological features of the rock, with a milling (cutting drum 22), a cutter or roller cone, while the rotary breaking arrow 20 of the loading organ can be equipped with a hydraulic hammer 23, which makes it possible to destroy such rocks, which could not be destroyed by the main working body 17 (22), however, it is mainly used for grinding especially large pieces of rock, which accelerates its shipment. As experience has shown, the most productive is the shipment of the destroyed rock by excavator bucket 21.

The device for erecting reinforcing supports 3 and / or 3 ′ according to the first embodiment comprises a mounting frame 7, from the side of the side surface of which spacers 8 are directed to the sides, which allows adjusting the alignment of the reinforcing supports 3 and / or 3 ′ to the mine shaft, regardless of the accuracy of development the face of the rock cutting unit 1 and, in addition, securely fix the device to hold it in an intermediate position with concomitant compensation of various forces arising from the operation of the equipment.

In the upper part of the mounting frame 7 there is a rotary shelf 24 with a drive 25 for turning it with at least one equipped with a bell-guard 26 through hole 27. This allows the tub 36 to be sent to ship the destroyed rock to any point of the face and to freely evacuate it, and at the same time protects workers and maintenance personnel from accidentally entering the hazardous hole 27.

The rotary shelf 24 in its middle part, but preferably in the center, is equipped with a rotary bracket 28 with a breaking boom 29 fixed to it with a tip 30, and the boom 29 is designed to extend the tip 30 beyond the mounting frame 7 at any position of the rotary bracket 28, depending on the position of the rotary shelf 24. The tip 30 of the breaking boom 29 can be made in the form of a crane hook (shown in the drawings) or a manipulator (conditionally not shown), which allows equally successful quality orc tyubingovoy lining unit 3 and manipulate tubing sections.

The upper part of the mounting frame 7 contains a movable mounting shelf 31 for compressing the assembled row of tubing 3 to the upper row of previously assembled tubing 3, which allows you to select the available gaps and to make high-quality assembly of lining.

According to one embodiment of the device 2 for erecting reinforcing lining 3 and / or 3 ′, its mounting frame 7 in its lower part contains perimeter support jacks 12 located along the perimeter, made with the possibility of contact and simultaneous stepwise movement relative to the bottomhole frame 4 of the rock cutting unit 1 ( so-called low-hanging design).

According to another design, the mounting frame 7 in its upper part contains fastening elements of 32 suspended ropes of 11 traction winches (the so-called hanging structure).

In addition, the mounting frame 7 in its upper part outside the rotary shelf 24, for example, directly on the mounting shelf 32 for compressing the tubing 3, may be provided with a formwork 33 and hydraulic cylinders 34 of its compression in the direction of the walls of the shaft of the shaft. Thus, the technological capabilities of the device 2 for the construction of the reinforcing tubing lining 3 are expanded. It happens that, for example, the shaft shaft is reinforced with tubing 3, but part of the barrel is reinforced with concrete 3 ′ and then continued to be reinforced with tubing 3. This device 2 allows with the minimum efforts and costs to make readjustment of the equipment to the modified technology of reinforcement.

The device 2 ′ for erecting a reinforcing lining 3 ′ according to the second embodiment comprises a mounting frame 7 ′, on the side of the side surface of which spreader jacks 8 are directed to the sides, and in its upper part the frame 7 ′ contains a formwork 33 with hydraulic cylinders 34 for pressing it in the direction of the walls shaft shaft and stationary (i.e. fixed, not rotating unlike the first version) shelves 35 with at least two equipped with bell-fencing 26 through holes 27, which due to the immobility of the shelf 35 expand the possibilities and delivery of tub 36 to the desired location at the bottom of the face. As you can see, these signs are inherent in many known devices for similar purposes, however, due to the equipment of the mounting frame 7 ′ in its lower part located along the perimeter directed downward support jacks 12 (in the absence of suspension ropes 11), made with the possibility of simultaneous stepwise movement, the claimed device 2 ′ acquires new operational capabilities - the ability to control the range to the rock cutting unit 1 (keep at a distance that provides non-stop operation bot), which will positively affect the quality of the construction of reinforcing (waterproofing) concrete lining 3 ′. Thus, just as in the first embodiment, an innovative technology is implemented when the development of the face in depth and the cleaning of the destroyed rock can be carried out regardless of the stages of assembly and installation of the 3 ′ reinforcing lining (see above) and vice versa.

It should be noted that the method of construction of the shaft shaft, made according to the present invention can be implemented on existing (known, typical) mining equipment. For this, it is necessary to make at least a partial modernization of any known shaft-cutting combine by replacing its rock cutting and shipping equipment with a rock cutting aggregate 1, made according to the invention, while leaving “native” equipment for the construction of reinforcing supports 3 and / or 3 ′, or to make a partial modernization by replacing equipment for the construction of reinforcing lining with a similar device 2 or 2 ′, made according to the invention, while leaving a “native” rock-breaking tooling. In all cases, it will be possible to increase the productivity of penetration and stabilize the quality of construction of the reinforcing roof supports 3 and / or 3 ′, however, to obtain the highest productivity of penetration, to obtain the most stable quality of the construction of reinforcing roof supports 3 and / or 3 ′ and to ensure higher reliability of the equipment only with using all the inventions of the group.

The implementation of the inventions will consider the following examples.

Example 1. The general case of the construction of a shaft with a reinforcing (waterproofing) tubing lining 3.

It is assumed that all preliminary activities and work on the construction of a vertical shaft shaft have been completed.

In the initial position of the stem-harvester, its rock cutting unit 1 is located at the bottom of the face and rests on its bottom by means of support jacks 5, the rods of which are partially retracted into the cylinders - the so-called lower position. The rods of the expansion jacks 6 are extended in the direction of the walls of the face with such calculations to reliably fix the bottomhole frame 4 coaxially to the shaft of the shaft. The pin 15 of the rock cutting body 17 (22) is retracted into the rotary base 13. The rotary handle 16 is in the extreme position, for example, offset to the center of the bottomhole frame 4. The loading organ with the breaking boom 20 and the bucket 21 is inoperative. Tub 36 in the face is missing.

Also, in the initial position of the tunneling combine, its device 2 for erecting reinforcing lining is located at some distance from the rock cutting unit 1, which excludes physical contact of the working process equipment, while the rods of the expansion jacks 8 abut against the barrel wall, fixing the mounting frame 7 coaxially to the shaft of the shaft, when this mounting frame 7 with its support jacks 12, is based on the bottomhole frame 4, and it should be noted two characteristic positions of both frames - mounting 7 and bottomhole 4 relative to yr other. In the lowest position of the mounting frame 7 relative to the bottomhole frame 4, the rods of the support jacks 12 are pulled into the cylinders, while between the upper part of the mounting frame 7 and the lower boundary of the tubing lining 3 there is a working space for installing another ring of single tubing 3. In the highest position ( or one of several upper positions) of the mounting frame 7, the rods of the support jacks 12 are extended from the cylinders to the full length (or extended to a part of the length), which allows you to stepwise lower the mounting frame 7 towards the bottomhole frame 4 one or several times to form a working space for installing another ring of single tubing 3, while the installation process of tubing 3 occurs regardless of the operation of the rock cutting unit 1.

The work of the rock cutting unit 1 is as follows.

The drive of the rock cutting body, for example, the cutting drum 22, and the drive 37 of the forward movement of the pin 15 of the rotary handle 16. The rock cutting body 22 is deepened into the rock to a predetermined depth, after which the rotary handle 16, due to the drive 38, starts to move from one extreme position to another, while the rod of one of the support jacks 5, located on the path of the rock cutting body 22 is drawn into the cylinder, making room for unobstructed mechanical processing of the face. The destructive organ 22 continues to rotate. Having reached the extreme position, the drive 14 of the rotary base 13 of the bottomhole frame 4 is turned on. Having passed a distance approximately equal to the diameter of the rock cutting body 22, the rotary base 13 stops and the drive 38 of the handle 16 moves to the next extreme position. This continues several times until part of the face is filled with crushed (destroyed) rock, sufficient to start the work of the loading body (excavator). In the bottom through the bell-guard 26 of the through hole 27 of the rotary shelf 24 of the device 2 for erecting reinforcing supports 3 and / or 3 ′ and through the through window 18 of the rotary base 13 of the rock-breaking aggregate 1, a tub 36 suspended from the rope is fed. The process of filling it with the bucket 21 of the loading begins body. If necessary, large pieces of rock are crushed into smaller ones using a hydraulic hammer 23 located on the rotary breaking arm 20 of the loading organ.

The rock-breaking organ, equipped with the necessary rock-cutting tool - cutting drum 22, continues to destroy the rock, while the rods of the next supporting jacks 5 are pulled into the cylinders, freeing up the bottom face for the development of the rock, and the rods of the jacks 5, under which the rock is removed, are again extended, but already on long length - adjusted for the developed depth of the face.

The rock-breaking and loading bodies work in technologically independent zones 9 and 10, but having a small intersection zone, therefore, at the moment when the rock-breaking body 22 enters the working area of the bucket 21 of the loading organ, automatic control is triggered, limiting the further folding of the breaking boom 20 with the bucket 21. This time, the bucket 21 is used to process the periphery of the face - by moving the remaining rock from the wall closer to the center or destroying large pieces of rock with a hydraulic hammer 23. The output of the rock cutting organ 22 and From the zone of operation of the bucket 21 of the loading body, the latter continues its work without technological restrictions.

The filled tub 36 using a rope and a winch is removed from the bottom to the surface of the earth and the empty tub 36 is lowered into the bottom.

The process of developing the face is conducted continuously until the entire area of the face has been developed and all the destroyed rock together with the bucket 36 has been removed. If the rock cutting body 22 has approached the rock, the rotary handle 16 is equipped with a rolling tool (not shown conditionally) and in this way a complex section is drilled. Of course, the penetration rate will drop, but given the range Δ between the rock cutting unit 1 and the device 2 for the construction of reinforcing lining 3, the latter will not be stopped. Subsequently, the power reserve Δ will again be brought back to normal - a technologically established value. After all, including changing and replacing the tool, the rock cutting body 17, namely, the cutting drum 22 is transferred to the extreme “central” position, and the loading organ with the breaking boom 20 and the bucket 21 is put into an inoperative state.

Again include the rock-breaking body 22, and then include the drive 37 of the journal 15 of the pivoting arm 16 until the rock-breaking body 22 is deepened to the next step. Further, the development process of the face repeats the above and so on until the pin 16 has not exhausted its resource for extension to the lowest position.

After this, the pin 16 is retracted by the translational drive 37 into the rotary base 13, and the loading member is brought into an inoperative state. The rods of the expansion jacks 6 downhole frame 4 are drawn into the cylinders. The rods of the support jacks 5 also begin to retract and the rock cutting unit 1 begins to sink to the next position deep into the face. At the same time, the rods of the support jacks 12 of the mounting frame 7 of the device 2 are extended to erect the reinforcing lining 3, while maintaining the guaranteed mechanical connection (support) with the bottomhole frame 4.

When lowering the rock cutting unit 1, a rock cutting body can be turned on, which will allow the unit 1 to go down into the face even lower - by the height value, in this case, of the cutting drum 22 - and, therefore, increase the driving pitch.

As soon as the rock cutting unit 1 drops to the set level, the spreader jacks 6 are turned on again, reliably fixing the bottomhole frame 4 aligned with the shaft of the shaft.

The process of developing the face and shipping the destroyed rock is repeated.

If necessary, the rock cutting unit 1 is stopped for carrying out repair and preventive and other measures or tool change. All this happens during the planned non-stop operation of the device 2.

Regardless of this, the parallel construction of the reinforcing lining 3 takes place.

The operation of the device 2 for the construction, as mentioned above, tubing lining 3 is as follows.

From the surface of the earth with the help of ropes, including those equipped with tubs 36, elements of the tubing lining 3 are lowered into the shaft and stacked on the rotary shelf 24. Using crane equipment, a rotary and breaking arm 29 with a tip 30 (crane hook or manipulator), from single tubing elements 3 around the perimeter of the shaft of the shaft, for example, on the mounting shelf 31, equipped with a drive 39 preload, collect the tubing ring. To do this, the tubing elements 3 are either pulled to the installation site using cables, or installed directly under the corresponding response element of the already installed roof support 3. The assembled ring is oriented in such a way that when the drive 39 is used to pre-tighten the mounting shelf 31, it will connect to the already mounted tubings and the corresponding holes of the lower the flanges of the tubing lining 3 and the upper flanges of the tubing ring completely coincide or coincide with a partial displacement, which nevertheless allows the installation of fixing elements ntov. After installing the fasteners according to the approved methodology, the mounting shelves 31 can be omitted. Using the means of mechanization, the final assembly of the tubing of the newly mounted ring with the lower level tubing of the previously mounted lining is carried out 3. The joints are sealed at the contact points of the adjacent tubing elements 3. The tubing space is filled with grouting mortar.

At the same time, through the bell-guard 26 of the through hole 27 in the movable shelf 24 of the mounting frame 7, buckets 36 are lowered into the bottom and the destroyed rock is brought to the surface of the earth. Given the fact that the movable base 13 of the bottomhole frame 4 of the rock cutting unit 1 is rotated during the development of the bottom using the drive 14, its through window 18 is also displaced, and this requires that the bucket 36 under the influence of gravity be freely installed in the right place at the bottom slaughter. For this, the movable shelves 24 of the mounting frame 7 can be equipped, for example, with two or more through holes 27, equipped with sockets-barriers 26 for free passage of the tub 36 and protected from accidental ingress of working personnel, and, in addition, the shelves 24 can rotate around their own axis in the mounting frame 7 using the drive 25, providing unhindered installation of the tub 36 at the bottom of the bottom and the evacuation of the rock.

After assembling the next step of the tubing lining 3 and filling the tubing space with grouting mortar, the rods of the expansion jacks 8 are pulled into the cylinders. The device 2 for the construction of reinforcing lining 3 remains standing with its supporting jacks 12 on the bottomhole frame 4 of the rock cutting unit 1, which continues independent independent work. Next, the rods of the support jacks 12 are retracted inside their own cylinders by the step size of the construction of the next row of elements of the tubing lining 3, including the necessary technological gap. If the distance between the frames 4 and 7 is large, then the displacement of the device will be partial - only for the installation of the next row of tubing. In this case, after the installation of a new step of the tubing lining 3, it remains possible to carry out the next step (or steps) of displacement of the device 2 with the stationary bottomhole frame 4 of the rock cutting unit 1 (for example, due to a scheduled repair of its working bodies). If further displacement of the mounting frame 7 towards the bottomhole frame 4 is not possible, then you should use the opportunity to move deeper into the bottom of the rock cutting unit 1. This will allow you to continue the construction of the next step of the tubing lining 3, independent of the development of the bottomhole.

After the device 2 for erecting the reinforcing lining 3 is shifted to the next step, its mounting frame 24 is fixed and positioned by spacers 8 on the wall of the shaft shaft, while the mechanical connection of the two frames 7 and 4 by means of the supporting jacks 12 of the mounting frame 7 is maintained. Thus, the construction process the next step tubing lining 3 is repeated.

All this happens regardless of the work or downtime of the rock cutting machine 1. It should be noted that using the present method of constructing a mine shaft, it becomes possible to predict a variety of measures, as well as possible emergency situations of any unit of technological equipment of a tunneling combine. For example, when planning repair work, you should create a power reserve in advance for device 2 for erecting reinforcing lining 3, in case of an accident, you can use the power reserve Δ, which was formed in advance, etc. The situation when the last step of displacement of the device 2 is used to erect the reinforcing lining 3, having no margin of further progress or the inability to displace the rock cutting unit 1 deep into the face, is not typical.

As a result, the work of the tunneling harvester boils down to the fact that the processes of rock destruction in the bottom and shipping of the destroyed rock are carried out simultaneously, but in technologically independent zones 9 and 10, and at the same time at a certain distance, which guarantees the non-stop operation of technological equipment, the reinforcing (waterproofing) lining 3.

Example 2. The general case of the construction of the shaft shaft according to Example 1 with the features of the placement of the device 2 or 2 ′ for the construction of reinforcing supports 3 and / or 3 ′ relative to the rock cutting unit 1 - on the hanging ropes 11 traction winches.

This example provides the equipment of a shaft-boring combine with a device 2 or 2 ′ for the construction of reinforcing lining, the mounting frame 7 or 7 ′ of which is placed on the hanging ropes 11 of the traction winches with the possibility of stepwise movement during operation. The mounting frame 7 of the device 2 has a movable shelf 24, and the mounting frame 7 ′ of the device 2 ′ has a stationary shelf 35. This design of the combine is typical for driving relatively shallow shaft shafts (up to 500 m), and can also be used for partial sequential modernization of the existing trunk passage techniques when in an existing combine they replace their own rock-breaking organ or part of the combine responsible for the destruction and shipment of the rock with a more modern and efficient rock-breaking unit 1.

In this case, it is enough to provide a certain technological connection of the main elements of the shaft-cutting combine so that it implements an innovative method of constructing a shaft shaft. As in Example 1, this is the independence of the stages of the development of the face in depth and cleaning of the destroyed rock from the stages of assembly and installation of reinforcing supports 3 and / or 3 ′. In this case, between each stage of development of the face in depth and cleaning of the destroyed rock and the corresponding stage of assembly and erection of reinforcing supports 3 and / or 3 ′, the power reserve of technological equipment is maintained in the form of a gap developed in the depth of the face and / or gap Δ to form the next assembly step and erecting reinforcing lining in the amount of one or more steps of erecting reinforcing lining 3 and / or 3 ′. And if in Example 1, the gap Δ is formed due to the physical interaction of the mounting frame 7 with the bottomhole frame 4 by means of support jacks 12, then in the present example, the gap Δ is formed due to the coordinated and verified operation of the suspended ropes 11 of the traction winches. If in Example 1, the gap Δ is limited by the capabilities of the working strokes of the support jacks 12, then in this example, the gap Δ is limited, in fact, by the safety requirements for the permissible depth of the developed face, depending on the stability of the barrel walls. Obviously, in hard rocks, the depth of the developed face will be significantly greater than the depth of the face in unstable flooded soils, etc.

As in Example 1, a device 2 or 2 ′ for erecting a reinforcing lining 3 and / or 3 ′ is first fixed and positioned by spacer jacks 8 on the shaft shaft wall. The degree and strength of fixation of the device 2 or 2 ′ on the barrel wall is sufficient for the installation of tubing 3 or concrete 3 ′ lining. In this case, the hanging ropes 11 of the traction winches simply duplicate the reliability of the fixation of the aforementioned technological redistribution and provide the ability to shift the equipment to the next working step.

The rest of the work of the harvester is similar to its work in Example 1.

Example 3. Features of the construction of the shaft with a combined reinforcing (waterproofing) lining 3 and 3 ′.

In some cases, the construction of a shaft shaft requires the construction of a combined reinforcing (waterproofing) lining 3 and 3 ′. For example, one part of the lining is concrete 3 ′, the other part is tubing 3, or vice versa.

In this case, the device 2 for the construction of reinforcing lining 3 and 3 ′ is universal. Initially, it is equipped for mounting the tubing lining 3, includes a rotary shelf 24 with a drive 25 for turning it, while the mounting frame 7 in its upper part, outside the rotary shelf 24, for example, on the mounting shelf 31 for compressing the tubing 3, can be equipped with a formwork 33 and hydraulic cylinders 34 of its preload in the direction of the walls of the shaft of the mine.

The device 2 for the construction of reinforcing supports 3 and 3 ′ can interact with the bottomhole frame 4 of the rock cutting unit 1 by means of support jacks 12 or be suspended on ropes 11 of the traction winches.

The passage of the shaft shaft and the construction of the tubing lining 3 are similar to Example 1.

If it is necessary to switch to concrete roof support 3 ′, the corresponding device 2 is displaced down the bottom by the step size of the now concrete roof 3 ′, positioned relative to the axis of the barrel and fixed, while taking the necessary measures to ensure strong mechanical connection and waterproofing properties of two types of joints - tubing 3 and concrete 3 ′. At the same time, on the mounting shelf 31, to form the tubing 3, mount the formwork 33 and its hydraulic cylinders 34 to the wall of the previously installed tubing support 3. Turn on the hydraulic formwork clamp 34 cylinders 34, thereby fixing the barrel shape and forming a closed cavity for pouring concrete. Concrete reinforcement 40 is brought to the formwork 33 and is connected with the cavity between the formwork 33 and the barrel wall.

The concrete mortar is turned on, and, according to the proven technology, the selected closed cavity is filled with it. After holding the mortar, it hardens and the concrete support 3 ′ acquires the required properties.

The preload hydraulic cylinders 34 are turned off and the formwork 33 detaches from the formed concrete ring fragment. The hydraulic cylinders of the expansion jacks 8 of the mounting frame 7 are turned off, the device 2 is displaced to erect the lining 3 by one more step into the depth of the face. Next, the device 2 is again positioned, fixed and the next concrete ring fragment is mounted. And so on.

Similarly, if necessary, carry out the reverse transition - from concrete 3 ′ reinforcing (waterproofing) lining to tubing 3.

Example 4. Features of the construction of a mine shaft with reinforcing (waterproofing) concrete support 3 ′.

Unlike the previous Example 3, when a universal device 2 was used as a device for erecting reinforcing lining, it allows mounting the tubing lining 3 and, after reconfiguration, erecting a concrete lining 3 ′, in this example we describe a specialized device 2 ′ for erecting exclusively concrete reinforcing lining 3 ′. The present device 2 ′ has a simplified design, for example, its mounting frame 7 ′ has a stationary shelf 35 with, as a rule, two equipped with bell-fencing 26 through holes 27. In these openings 27, buckets 36 are lowered sequentially or in a different order for shipment breed. The mounting frame 7 ′ in its upper part contains the formwork 33 with hydraulic cylinders 34 of its compression in the direction of the walls of the shaft of the shaft.

In its lower part, the mounting frame 7 ′ is equipped with perimeter support jacks 12 located along the perimeter, interacting with the bottomhole frame 4 of the rock cutting unit 1 and providing the necessary technological connection between two specialized devices 1 and 2 ′, which is described in detail in Examples 1 and 2.

Assume that the development of the face is carried out according to the developed technological process (see Examples 1 and 2). The device 2 ′ for erecting concrete lining 3 by retracting the rods of the support jacks 12 of the mounting frame 7 ′ into the cylinders occupies a position typical for the erection of the next section of concrete lining 3 ′. The formwork 33 is squeezed from the walls of the shaft, which does not prevent the device 2 ′ from moving down the barrel. The mounting frame 7 ′ (and the device 2 ′ as a whole) is fixed and positioned by spacer jacks 8 on the shaft shaft wall. After that, through one of the through holes 27 of the stationary shelf 35 through the bell-fence 26, it is possible to feed into the bottom of the tub 36 to pick up the next portion of the destroyed rock. Simultaneously or parallel to this, the formwork 33 is pressed against the wall of the previously constructed lining 3 ′ by means of hydraulic cylinders 34, thereby fixing the shape of the barrel and ensuring the necessary tightness of the cavity formed between the bottom wall and the inner wall of the formwork 33. Concrete reinforcement 40 is brought to the formwork and is connected with the cavity between the formwork 33 and the barrel wall.

The concrete mortar is turned on, and according to the proven technology, the selected cavity is poured with it - another fragment of the concrete support 3 ′. After holding the mortar, it hardens and the concrete support 3 ′ acquires the required strength and other technological properties.

Next, the preload hydraulic cylinders 34 are turned off, the formwork 33 detaches from the formed concrete ring 3 ′, the hydraulic cylinders of the spacer jacks 8 of the mounting frame 7 ′ are disconnected, the device 2 ′ is displaced to raise the support 3 ′ to the next step into the depth of the face. Next, the device 2 ′ is again positioned, fixed and the next fragment of the concrete lining 3 ′ is mounted. And so on.

Regardless of this, the development of the face and cleaning of the destroyed rock is carried out.

In addition, it should be noted that the erection of exclusively concrete reinforcing lining 3 ′ can be erected by a universal device 2, the mounting frame 7 of which, or rather, its mounting shelf 24, is equipped with formwork 33 and hydraulic cylinders 34 of its compression in the direction of the walls of the shaft of the shaft. The possibility of erecting concrete lining 3 ′ by device 2 is described in Example 3, while its parametric reserve for erecting tubing lining 3 is temporarily not used.

The previously described examples of implementation of the inventions related to their integrated use. However, the claimed technical result can be obtained as a result of the partial use of inventions, for example, as a result of the modernization of existing (known) stem-harvesters. To do this, they must become able to implement the stated principle of independence in the development of the face and shipment of the destroyed rock, and the installation (erection) of reinforcing supports 3 and / or 3 ′. Consider this with some typical examples.

Example 5. The modernization of the well-known stemming combine harvester is the first option.

Suppose that a well-known stem-boring combine is mounted on a single frame, in the lower part of which equipment for rock destruction is located, and in the upper part there is equipment for installing (erecting) reinforcing supports 3 and / or 3 ′. In addition, some equipment was mounted on the frame for loading the destroyed rock into the tubs. The harvester is suspended on ropes and its stepwise displacement in depth is carried out from the surface of the earth by appropriate control of the operation of traction winches. There is a need to increase the depth of the construction of the shaft shaft, reduce the time of its construction while maintaining all regulatory requirements for the quality of the construction of reinforcing (waterproofing) lining 3 and / or 3 ′.

A decision is made to upgrade the harvester in terms of replacing equipment for sinking and shipping the destroyed rock and introducing a control system that implements a new method for constructing a mine shaft.

Appropriate equipment and its own control system are dismantled from the harvester (or canned on it). The only function left on the combine as a worker is the erection of reinforcing supports 3 and / or 3 ′. The harvester is hung on the suspension ropes 11 traction winches so that in the depth of the face it was possible to install the rock cutting unit 1, made according to the invention.

In the face, under the modernized combine harvester, elements (fragments, units, parts, etc.) of the rock cutting unit 1 are fed. They are installed according to the design and technological documentation. Using the new control system, the mounted rock-cutting aggregate 1 is technologically linked to the “remnants” of the modernized combine responsible for the construction of reinforcing supports 3 and / or 3 ′.

The operation of the upgraded stem-boring combine is similar to that described in the previous examples.

It should be noted that in some cases, the upgraded combine can be equipped with support jacks similar to jacks 12 for controlled mechanical communication with the rock cutting unit 1. This, in particular, will allow us to abandon the suspension ropes 12 and traction winches that limit the depth of the shaft shaft. Thus, the upgraded combine will become able to build mine shafts of much greater depth.

Example 6. The modernization of the well-known stemming combine harvester - the second option.

As in the previous example, the well-known shaft-boring combine is mounted on a single frame, in the lower part of which is equipment for rock destruction, and in the upper - equipment for installing (erecting) reinforcing supports 3 and / or 3 ′. The frame also mounted equipment for loading the destroyed rock in the tub. The harvester is suspended on ropes and its stepwise displacement in depth is carried out from the surface of the earth by appropriate control of the operation of traction winches. There is a need to reduce the construction time of the shaft while maintaining all regulatory requirements for the quality of the construction of reinforcing (waterproofing) lining 3 and / or 3 ′.

A decision is made to upgrade the harvester in terms of replacing equipment for the construction of reinforcing supports 3 and / or 3 ′ and the introduction of a control system that implements a new method for constructing a shaft shaft.

The harvester is suspended on ropes 11 condition. Traction winches installed on the surface of the earth will continue to carry out its stepwise displacement into the depth of development. The appropriate equipment for the construction of reinforcing supports 3 and / or 3 ′ and its own control system are dismantled from the harvester (or canned on it). On the combine, the only functions left as a worker are the development of the face and the shipment of the destroyed rock.

Elements (fragments, units, parts, etc.) of a device 2 or 2 ′ for erecting a reinforcing tubing 3 and / or concrete 3 ′ lining are fed into the face and above the modernized combine according to the design and technological documentation, it is installed. Using the new control system, the mounted device 2 or 2 ′ is technologically linked to erect the reinforcing lining 3 and / or 3 ′ and the “remnants” of the modernized combine, which are responsible for developing the face and shipping the destroyed rock.

The operation of the shaft-harvester upgraded in the present way is similar to that described in the previous examples.

It should be noted that in some cases, the device 2 or 2 ′ for the construction of reinforcing lining 3 and / or 3 ′ can be equipped with support jacks 12 for controlled mechanical communication with the frame of the combine being upgraded. This, in particular, will allow to abandon the hanging device 2 or 2 ′ for the construction of lining 3 and / or 3 ′ on the hanging ropes 11 traction winches. Thus, the upgraded combine will become able to build mine shafts in a shorter time while maintaining the stable quality of the construction of reinforcing (waterproofing), both tubing 3 and concrete 3 ′ roof supports or a combination of both types of roof supports.

These examples are not exhaustive in the implementation of the claimed group of inventions. Other examples are possible, the feature of which will be the use of the mentioned essential features of the group of inventions in combinations providing the required and sufficient technical result for specific production purposes.

Of course, the disclosure of examples of the implementation of the inventions did not describe atypical cases associated with the operation of equipment (emergency stops, unscheduled work, unpredictable defects in workings, etc.), but in all cases the damage from their manifestation cannot and should not significantly affect the final the result is reliable operation of the equipment and fast, high-quality and reliable construction of vertical shaft shafts of mining enterprises.

As a result of the use of inventions, the rate of penetration of vertical shaft shafts increased and the quality of the construction of their reinforcing (waterproofing) tubing and / or concrete lining was stabilized. The principle of "parallelism" in the technological process of sinking and construction of mine shafts is implemented to the maximum extent. The reliability of the equipment - the combine harvester as a whole and its executive devices has increased, each of which, both as a whole and individually, solves its part of the public need for the construction of modern structures of mining enterprises.

Claims (21)

1. A method of constructing a mine shaft, including the stages of developing a face in depth and cleaning up the destroyed rock and the stages of assembly and step-by-step construction of reinforcing supports, each stage of developing a face in depth and cleaning up the destroyed rock, regardless of the stages of assembly and installation of reinforcing supports, characterized in that the development of the face and cleaning of the destroyed rock is carried out simultaneously and separately in technologically independent zones during the entire development process, between each stage of the development of the face in the depths at and cleaning the destroyed rock and the corresponding stage of assembling and erecting reinforcing lining, they maintain the power reserve of technological equipment in the form of a gap developed in the depth of the face and / or gap to form the next assembly step and erecting reinforcing lining in the amount of at least one step of erecting reinforcing lining, This range of technological equipment is achieved by equipping the mounting frame with support jacks that have the ability to interact with the bottomhole frame. 2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the development of the face in depth is carried out layer by layer with cutters and / or cones and / or hammers. 3. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the reinforcing lining is made tubing and / or concrete. 4. The stem-boring combine, characterized by the presence of a rock cutting unit for developing a face and loading the destroyed rock and a device located above it for the construction of reinforcing supports, while the rock cutting unit for developing a face and loading the destroyed rock is mounted on a bottom hole frame, in the lower part of which are directed down support jacks with independent working drives, made with the possibility of interaction with the bottom of the bottom, and from the side of the side surface of the first frame, there are spreader jacks directed to the sides, arranged to interact with the bottom wall, and the device for erecting the reinforcing lining includes a mounting frame and contains spreader jacks, configured to interact with the bottom wall under the reinforcing support, while the mounting frame is located relative to the bottomhole frame with the possibility of rapprochement during work, excluding physical contact. 5. The harvester according to claim 4, characterized in that the rock cutting unit for developing the face and loading the destroyed rock is mounted on the bottom frame with the ability to develop the face and loading the destroyed rock in technologically independent zones. 6. The harvester according to claim 4, characterized in that the mounting frame is placed on the hanging ropes of the traction winches with the possibility of stepwise movement during operation. 7. The harvester according to claim 4, characterized in that the mounting frame contains support jacks interacting with the bottomhole frame and made with the possibility of simultaneous stepwise movement. 8. A rock breaking unit, including a bottomhole frame with a rotary base and a drive for turning it, with supporting jacks with independent working drives pointing downward along the perimeter of the bottom of the bottomhole frame, and spacer jacks pointing to the sides located on the side of the bottomhole frame, a rotary base in its lower part contains a trunnion located offset to the periphery, at the end of which a pivot handle with a rock cutting body is fixed, characterized in that it rotates The solid base, on the side opposite to the location of the trunnion with the rock cutting body, contains a through window equipped with a swivel bracket, on which a loading body with a breaking boom and a bucket is fixed, and the boom can be pulled out of the bottomhole frame at any position of the rotary base, this rotary bracket of the loading body is located in the center of the rotary base, and rock cutting and loading bodies are made with the ability to conduct the development of the face and cleaning once crushed rock simultaneously and separately in technologically independent zones during the entire development process. 9. The rock-breaking unit according to claim 8, characterized in that the pin in the lower part of the rotary base is made with the possibility of axial movement relative to it. 10. The rock-breaking assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that the rock-breaking body is made by cutter or rolling cutter. 11. The rock breaking machine according to claim 8, characterized in that the loading body is made excavator. 12. Rock-breaking unit according to claim 8, characterized in that the breaking rotary boom of the loading organ is equipped with a hydraulic hammer. 13. A device for the construction of reinforcing lining, characterized by the presence of a mounting frame, on the side of the surface of which spreader jacks directed to the sides are located and which in its upper part includes a rotary shelf with a drive for turning it and with at least one through hole equipped with a bell-guard, at the same time, the rotary shelf in its middle part is equipped with a rotary bracket with a breaking boom with a tip fixed to it, and the boom is configured to exit the boom outside the mounting frame at any position of the swing arm. 14. The device according to p. 13, characterized in that the upper part of the mounting frame contains a movable mounting shelf for tightened tubing. 15. The device according to p. 13, characterized in that the mounting frame in its lower part includes perpendicular support jacks located along the perimeter, made with the possibility of simultaneous stepwise movement. 16. The device according to p. 13, characterized in that the mounting frame in its upper part includes fastening elements for hanging ropes of traction winches. 17. The device according to p. 13, characterized in that the rotary bracket of the breaking boom with the tip is located in the center of the rotary shelf. 18. The device according to p. 13, characterized in that the tip is made in the form of a crane hook or manipulator. 19. The device according to p. 13, characterized in that the mounting frame in its upper part outside the rotary shelf is equipped with a formwork and hydraulic cylinders of its preload in the direction of the walls of the shaft of the mine. 20. A device for the construction of reinforcing lining, characterized by the presence of a mounting frame, which in its lower part includes perimeter-directed support jacks arranged along the perimeter, capable of simultaneous stepwise movement, and from the side of the side surface includes expansion jacks directed to the sides, while the mounting frame in its upper part contains a formwork with hydraulic cylinders for its compression in the direction of the walls of the shaft of the shaft and a stationary shelf with at least two equipped with a bell mi-fencing through holes. 21. A device for the construction of reinforcing lining according to claim 20, characterized in that the support jacks are made with the possibility of simultaneous stepwise movement.

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