JPH05248163A - Excavation work for deep foundation - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To permit excavation work to be performed with high efficiency by a method in which excavation is made by a breaker provided to the tip of a guide pipe by a remote controller, the breaker is retracted, and a clamshell and a concrete sprayer are passed through the pipe for excavating operation. CONSTITUTION:A rotary part 10 on the tip 6 of a guide pipe is turned while watching the operation by a monitor camera, and the oil-pressure cylinder 13 of an expandible link mechanism 11 to extend a breaker 12 to an excavation face to excavate the pit bottom 16. When the excavation is reached to a given depth, the breaker 12 is retracted to the peripheral side of the rotary part 10 by the mechanism 11. A clamshell hung down by a rope 18 from a clane 17 is passed through the tip 6 to lower it to the pit bottom 16, where the excavated soil is pulled up. When the pulling-up of the soil is ended, a concrete sprayer 21 hung down by the rope 18 is lowered to spray concrete to the wall face 22 to form a concrete layer 23 for protecting the wall face. Excavating operation, pulling-up of the soil, and spraying of concrete are likewise repeated.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a deep foundation excavation construction method for efficiently constructing deep foundation foundation holes when constructing columns for expressway bridges in mountainous areas, and particularly for all underground work. The present invention relates to a method for excavating a deep foundation that completes a drill hole by remotely controlling the ground.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, excavation work for deep foundation holes has been developed as a construction method by human labor, but it is often a laborious work due to human labor such as breaker noise in the hole and discharge of mined earth and sand. However, it is difficult to secure a labor force because the work in the deep part of the hole often causes accidents such as falling and crashing, which is dangerous work. Moreover, since the accident rate is high in the excavation of deep foundation holes, the development of construction machinery is desired. Therefore, diversion of construction machinery for general construction is considered as an alternative to manual construction, and further development of a specialized machine for downsizing general excavation machinery is being attempted.

As a basic excavation method of this kind, a gate-type crane is installed on a foundation constructed on a flat surface disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-45071, and an excavator is assembled in the gate-type crane to construct a gate-type crane. With the guide pipe supported on the crane, lower the excavator to excavate the earth and sand, and as the excavation progresses, install a liner plate on the upper edge of the skin plate that is in contact with the inner surface of the excavation hole. A basic excavation method for a steel tower or the like is known in which the excavator is pulled up after being replenished to form an excavation hole having a predetermined diameter and a predetermined depth.

In this foundation excavation method, a portal crane is installed on a foundation constructed on a level ground, an excavator is assembled in the portal crane, and the excavator is supported by a guide pipe with respect to the portal crane. With the excavator down, excavate the earth and sand, and as the excavation progresses, add a liner plate to the upper end of the skin plate that is provided around the excavator so as to contact the inner surface of the excavation hole. Since the method of pulling up the excavator after the formation of the excavation hole, according to the basic excavation method described above, the excavator can be reliably lowered using the guide pipe, and furthermore, the collapse of the inner surface of the excavation hole is caused by The skin plate and the liner plate can surely prevent the excavation work from being performed efficiently and easily.

[0005]

However, the deep foundation is generally as small as 2 m to 5 m in diameter, and the maximum depth is 50 m.
Since it is a pit with a special condition of m, it is difficult to efficiently excavate by remodeling or converting general construction machinery. In addition, excavation capacity is insufficient only by downsizing a general construction machine, which causes a problem in work efficiency. Furthermore, since deep foundations cover a wide range from soil foundations to hard rocks, it is almost impossible to excavate each soil with a single machine, and there is a problem in work efficiency.

In the basic excavation method for steel towers disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-45071, the liner plate 22 is assembled by a person inside the excavation hole 26 in order to prevent the wall surface of the excavation hole from collapsing. Iki, vertical hole 26
When the excavation work is completed, the guide pipe 19, the guide pipe fixing device 20, the guide pipe elevating device 21, the excavation scraping bucket 12, the breaker 18, the drifter 23, etc. are pulled into the excavation hole 26 by a person and then pulled up. Therefore, the work in these drill holes has many serious accidents such as dropping and crashing, and there is a serious drawback that the work is dangerous.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and a clam shell or concrete suspended by a mobile crane without pulling up the guide pipe by easily retracting the breaker to the outer peripheral portion of the guide pipe. It is an object of the present invention to provide a deep foundation foundation excavation construction method in which a spraying machine can be selected and used, and all underground work can be completed by excavation of deep foundation foundation holes by remote control from the ground.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention installs an excavation stand equipped with a winch on the ground, and uses the excavation stand to tip a guide pipe suspended by a winch. The portion is rotatable, and after the excavation work is performed by the breaker provided on the outer peripheral portion of the guide pipe so as to be retractable by the polygonal expansion and contraction link mechanism provided on the rotatable portion, the breaker is expanded and contracted in the polygonal shape. The link mechanism retracts to the outer periphery of the guide pipe, and the clamshell suspended by a mobile crane on the ground passes through the guide pipe and descends to pull up the excavated soil, and the excavation proceeds. If it becomes impossible to excavate at the breaker or clamshell, a rock drill suspended by a mobile crane on the ground is selected and similarly When the hard rock is excavated by passing through the inside of the pipe and descending, and the above-mentioned excavation work has progressed to a predetermined depth, select a concrete spraying machine suspended by a mobile crane on the ground and do the same. It is a deep foundation foundation excavation construction method characterized by performing a concrete spraying work for wall protection by passing through the inside of the guide pipe, especially near the tip of the guide pipe suspended by using an excavation stand. While monitoring on the ground with a monitoring device installed on the ground, all underground works such as excavation work with breakers and rock drills, excavation work of excavated soil, spraying concrete for wall protection etc. It is a safe deep foundation excavation construction method that can be completed.

[0009]

Next, the operation of the present invention will be described. First, an excavation stand equipped with a winch is installed on the ground, and the guide pipe is suspended by the winch of the excavation stand. Then, while being monitored by a monitoring device provided in the vicinity of the tip end portion of the guide pipe, the suspended rotatable portion at the tip end of the guide pipe is turned by a turning drive device, and a polygonal expansion-contraction link mechanism provided at the rotatable portion. The breaker retracted to the outer peripheral portion of the guide pipe is extended to the excavation surface by a large number of hydraulic cylinders provided in the excavator, and the excavation work is performed by the breaker. After a certain amount of excavation work is completed, the breaker is retracted to the outer periphery of the guide pipe by the polygonal expansion and contraction link mechanism, and then the clam shell suspended by a mobile crane on the ground passes through the guide pipe. Then, pull up the excavated soil. When excavation work progresses and it becomes impossible to excavate with a breaker or clamshell such as rock bed, or when the excavation efficiency becomes extremely poor, the rock drill suspended by a mobile crane on the ground is removed. In the same way, after selecting and passing through the guide pipe, descending and drilling to make cracks in hard rock such as bedrock, excavation work with a breaker is performed again, and this breaker again has the polygonal expansion link. After retracting to the outer periphery of the guide pipe by the mechanism,
A clam shell suspended by a mobile crane on the ground is passed through the guide pipe to pull up excavated soil.

When a certain amount of excavation work is carried out in this manner, a concrete spraying machine suspended by a mobile crane on the ground is selected, and similarly, the concrete spraying machine is passed through the inside of the guide pipe to descend and be excavated. Concrete wall protection concrete is sprayed. Therefore, in the deep foundation digging construction method of the present invention, a breaker, a rock drill, etc. are used while monitoring on the ground by using the monitoring device provided near the tip of the guide pipe suspended by using the digging mount. To complete the excavation of deep foundation holes safely by remotely controlling all the underground work such as excavation work by the digging work, lifting of excavated soil, spraying concrete for wall protection, etc. without raising the guide pipe or breaker. You can

[0011]

Embodiments Embodiments of the deep foundation foundation excavation construction method according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows the excavation work by the breaker of this embodiment, in which an excavation base 1 having columns is installed on the ground, and at the center of the excavation mount 1, a guide pipe guide 3 for holding the descent of the guide pipe 2 is provided. A winch 4 for a guide pipe for suspending the guide pipe 2 is provided on the upper surface of the side of the excavation gantry 1. The tip end portion 6 of the guide pipe 2 is suspended by the wire rope 5 of the guide pipe winch 4 via a plurality of sheaves 7. A pneumatic gripper 8 and a swivel drive device 9 are arranged at the guide pipe tip portion 6, and a rotatable portion 10 rotated by the swivel drive device 9 is rotatable at the guide pipe tip portion 6. It is provided.

An expandable link mechanism 1 is attached to the rotatable portion 10.
1 is provided. The expandable link mechanism 11 has polygonal links as shown in FIG.
The upper link 11a of the expansion and contraction link mechanism 11 shown in FIG. 2A is rotatably attached to the rotatable part 10 and is connected to one end of the lower link 11b shown in FIG. 2B. The breaker 12 is rotatably provided. The rotation of each of the links 11a and 11b is restricted by a large number of hydraulic cylinders 13. Further, a surveillance camera 14 is installed near the tip portion 6 of the guide pipe so that underground work can be monitored by a television on the ground.

When excavating the deep foundation hole according to the present embodiment, the well is excavated by an excavator such as a shovel or a backhoe, the segment 15 is attached, and the excavation mount 1 is installed at the well. Then, the guide pipe 2 is suspended by the winch 4 of the excavation base 1. When the guide pipe 2 reaches a predetermined position, the guide pipe tip portion 6 is fixed to the wall surface by the pneumatic gripper 8, and the suspended guide pipe is monitored while being monitored by the monitoring camera 14 provided near the guide pipe tip portion 6. The rotatable portion 10 of the tip portion 6 is swung by the swivel drive device 9, and the guide pipe can be rotated by hydraulically operating a large number of hydraulic cylinders 13 provided in the polygonal extension link mechanism 11 provided in the rotatable portion 10. The breaker 12 retracted to the outer peripheral portion of the portion 10 is extended to the excavation surface, and the breaker 12 excavates the hole bottom 16. At this time, the breaker 12 can freely expand and contract in the radial direction of the hole by the expandable link mechanism 11.
Moreover, the turning drive device 9 can simultaneously perform the turning operation.

When the excavation work is completed to a predetermined depth, the breaker 12 is fixed to the wall surface by the pneumatic gripper 8 as shown in FIG. After being retracted to the outer peripheral portion of the rotatable portion 10 of the guide pipe tip portion 6, a clam shell 19 suspended by a wire rope 18 from a ground crawler crane 17 is passed through the inside of the guide pipe 2 to form a hole bottom 16 The excavation work and the lifting work of the excavated earth and sand 20 are performed.

After the work of pulling up the excavated soil is completed, as shown in FIG. 4, the concrete spraying machine 21 suspended by the wire rope 18 from the ground crawler crane 17 is selected, and similarly the guide pipe 2 is selected.
Then, concrete is sprayed onto the wall surface 22 of the excavation hole to form a wall protection concrete layer 23 for preventing the wall surface from collapsing. The concrete spraying machine 21 is fixed to the inner wall of the rotating portion 10 of the guide pipe 2 by a gripper 25 provided on the machine frame 24, and is operated by a concrete spraying nozzle operating rod 26 provided so as to be able to move in and out of the machine frame 24. A concrete nozzle 27 is provided. The nozzle is moved up and down by vertically expanding and contracting the nozzle operating rod 26 by a hydraulic cylinder 28, and is swung by a hydraulic motor 29. Further, at the time of spraying, the spraying machine frame 24 is fixed to the rotating portion 10 below the guide pipe 2 by the gripper 25, and swivel operation is performed by the swivel drive device 9. Reference numeral 30 is a concrete feeding hose.

After the concrete spraying machine 21 is used to form the wall protection concrete layer 23 as described above, the concrete spraying machine 21 is lifted by the crawler crane 17 on the ground. Next, as shown in FIG. 5, the guide pipe 2 is added, the breaker 12 is lowered to the hole bottom 16 again, and the excavation is continued. At this time, the breaker 12 can be freely expanded and contracted in the radial direction of the hole by the expansion and contraction link mechanism 11, and can be simultaneously rotated by the turning drive device 9. In this way, when the excavation progresses and reaches hard rock such as bedrock and the breaker 12 cannot excavate the breaker 12, the breaker 12 is extended into the polygonal expansion link mechanism 11 as shown in FIG.
After retracting to the outer periphery of the rotatable portion 10 of the guide pipe tip portion 6 using, the rock drill frame 33 provided with the rock drill 31 extendable by the arm 32 is installed from the crawler crane 17 above the wire rope. Suspend by 18.
The rocker frame 33 is fixed to the inner wall of the rotatable portion 10 of the guide pipe 2 by a gripper 34. Therefore, the rock drill 31 can be freely expanded and contracted in the radial direction of the hole by the hydraulic cylinder 35, and can be simultaneously rotated by the turning drive device 9. In the case of excavation using a rock drill, blasting may be used as necessary.

Further, as shown in FIG. 7, since the crawler crane 17 installed on the ground is used even on a slope or a step, this embodiment can be carried out not only in the flat ground but also in the equipment used. The kind may be exactly the same. FIG. 8 shows the inspection work inside the hole when the excavation work for the deep foundation hole is completed. The in-hole inspection work is performed by lowering the gondola 38 suspended from the gondola mount 36 on the ground by the wire rope 37 into the guide pipe 2.

[0018]

As described above, according to the present invention, the suspended rotatable portion of the end of the guide pipe is monitored while monitoring on the ground by using the monitoring device provided near the end of the guide pipe. The breaker retracted to the outer circumference of the guide pipe can be extended to the excavation surface by the polygonal expansion and contraction link mechanism provided in the rotatable portion, and can be excavated at a predetermined depth. After the excavation work of the sacks is completed, the breaker is evacuated to the outer periphery of the guide pipe by the polygonal expansion and contraction link mechanism, and then the clam shell suspended by the mobile crane on the ground, the rock drill, and the concrete for wall protection. Select a spraying machine and let it pass through the inside of the guide pipe for excavation work, excavation earth and sand lifting work, concrete spraying for wall protection Since work and perform by remote control from the ground without pulling the guide pipe or breakers, safe, and is capable of drilling operations efficient shinso foundation hole. In addition, as described above, the clam shell, rock drill, concrete spraying machine for wall protection, etc. are suspended by a mobile crane on the ground, so it is possible to safely and efficiently create deep foundation holes even on sloping or stepped ground. Can excavate.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional explanatory view showing excavation work by a breaker of the present embodiment.

FIG. 2A is a plan view of the upper link of the polygonal expandable link mechanism of the present embodiment.

FIG. 2B is a plan view of the lower link of the polygonal expandable link mechanism of the present embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional explanatory view showing a work for pulling up excavated earth and sand by the clam shell of the present embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional explanatory view showing the concrete spraying work for wall surface protection by the concrete spraying machine after excavating a predetermined depth in the present embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional explanatory view showing an excavation work by a breaker after a concrete surface protection concrete spraying work of a predetermined depth according to the present embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a vertical cross-sectional explanatory view showing hard rock excavation work by a rock drilling machine after excavating a predetermined depth in the present embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a vertical cross-sectional explanatory view showing a work of pulling excavated earth and sand by a clam shell on a sloping ground in the present embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a vertical cross-sectional explanatory view of the inspection work inside the hole after completion of the deep foundation hole according to the present embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Excavation platform 2 Guide pipe 3 Guide pipe guide 4 Guide pipe winch 5 Wire rope 6 Tip part 7 Sheave 8 Pneumatic gripper 9 Swing drive device 10 Rotatable part 11 Telescopic link mechanism 12 Breaker 13 Hydraulic cylinder 14 Surveillance camera 15 Segment 16 Hole bottom 17 Crawler crane 18 Wire rope 19 Clam shell 20 Excavation earth and sand 21 Concrete spraying machine 22 Excavation wall surface 23 Protective concrete layer 24 Machine frame 25 Gripper 26 Nozzle operating rod 27 Concrete nozzle 28 Hydraulic cylinder 29 Hydraulic motor 30 Concrete feeding Hose 31 Drill Rock 32 Arm 33 Drill Rock Frame 34 Gripper 35 Hydraulic Cylinder 36 Gondola Stand 37 Wire Rope 38 Gondola

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Tatsuo Ito 518 Komagaki, Nagareyama City, Chiba Mitsui Construction Co., Ltd. Technical Research Institute (72) Yutaka Miura 2-1-1 Nihombashi Muromachi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Stock Company Mitsui Miike Works (72) Inventor Masahiro Nonaka 2-1-1 Nihombashi Muromachi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Mitsui Miike Works Co., Ltd.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An excavation platform equipped with a winch is installed on the ground, and a tip end portion of a guide pipe suspended by the winch using the excavation platform is rotatable, and a polygon provided on the rotatable unit. After performing excavation work with a breaker that can be retracted to the outer peripheral portion of the guide pipe by the shape expansion and contraction link mechanism, the breaker is retracted to the outer peripheral portion of the guide pipe by the polygonal expansion and contraction link mechanism, and is moved on the ground. When a clamshell suspended by a crane is passed through the inside of the guide pipe to descend to perform excavation earth and sand lifting work, and when the excavation progresses and the breaker or clamshell cannot excavate. Select a rock drill hung by a mobile crane on the ground and similarly pass through the guide pipe to descend to perform hard rock excavation work. When the above-mentioned excavation work has progressed to a predetermined depth, select a concrete spraying machine suspended by a mobile crane on the ground and similarly pass through the inside of the guide pipe and descend to descend the wall protection concrete. A deep foundation excavation construction method characterized by performing spraying work. 2. An excavation work by a breaker, a rock drill, etc., an excavation work of excavated soil, a wall protection while monitoring on the ground by a monitoring device provided near the tip of a guide pipe suspended using an excavation stand. The method for excavating deep foundations according to claim 1, wherein all underground work such as concrete spraying work is remotely controlled from the ground.