RU2580732C1 - Automatically regenerated filter - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: filtering devices.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to automated filtering devices with ability to regenerate filter elements and can be used in power generation, transportation, petrochemical and other industries for fine purification of fuels, oils and other fluids. Automatic regenerated filter includes housing (1) with nozzle (7) for outlet of cleaned product, lower chamber (8) with drainage nozzle (12), inlet nozzle for contaminated product (10), drainage nozzle (11) of filter chamber (2), upper cover (9) with motor-reducer (16) on a support, shaft (17) with fixed positioning unit (29). Inside housing (1) are installed filtration chambers (2) for arrangement therein of filtering elements (3) with filtration from outside to inside in form of shells with blind bottom with a given degree of filtration with inner and outer bearing frames. Cover (9) is equipped with nozzle (13) for supply of cleaning substance for regeneration, equipped with vent (14). Shaft (17) is located with a gap in radial through-hole (34) made in upper pipe plate (5) and plate (6). Upper and lower ends of shaft (17) are hollow. On upper end is fixed said regeneration assembly (29), on one end of which there is check valve (30), and on lower end of shaft is fixed branch (32) for drain removal from regenerated filtration chamber (2). Regeneration assembly (29) and branch (32) for drain removal are located in one plane, and adherence of regeneration assembly to plate (6) and branch for drain removal to lower pipe plate (4) is provided by a spring-loaded sleeve with possibility of axial movement and made from antifriction material.

EFFECT: technical result is high efficiency of regenerating filtering elements, longer life of filter.

14 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to automated filtering devices with the possibility of regeneration of filtering elements and can be used in energy, transport, petrochemical and other industries for fine purification of fuels, oils and other liquids.

Among the pressure driven industrial continuous filters, automatic backwash filters are among the most versatile and efficient.

The selection of optimal purification schemes for technological liquids is a rather difficult task, which is due to the variety and different concentration of mechanical impurities in them and the high requirements imposed on the quality of cleaning.

The growth in the number of technological processes with high requirements for the purity of technological environments is a trend in recent years. The appearance of high-tech units (compressors, internal combustion engines, gearboxes) requires clean working environments for normal operation. Therefore, a filtration rating of 1 to 200 microns is the standard for many process and work environments. At the same time, there is also an important task to minimize the loss of working and process fluids. All these tasks must be solved in compliance with environmental standards in the most economical way.

Known automatic self-cleaning filter with regeneration of filter elements countercurrent washing. The filter is a cylindrical body, separated by height by a partition with holes in the upper and lower chambers, along the axis of the holes on the partition, cylindrical filter elements are installed. Filter elements are grouped, for example, in 6 groups of 5 filter elements in each group. The cleaned liquid enters through the pipe into the lower chamber, and the cleaned liquid is discharged from the upper chamber through the drain pipe.

The regeneration of filter elements is carried out counterflow alternately according to a predetermined scheme using a special device consisting of a rotary nozzle mounted on the shaft with a gear satellite nozzle located on it and a spring-loaded receiving sleeve. The location of the filter elements in the filter and the trajectory of the sleeve are such that for the regeneration of each of the filter elements it is necessary to turn the swivel nozzle at the same angular step as many times as there are filter elements in the filter.

RF patent No. 2064325, IPC B01D 37/04, publ. 07/27/1996.

A device providing countercurrent washing of filter elements is difficult to manufacture and operate.

A device for filtering liquids is known, containing several filter modules installed in parallel and having a common drain line to remove sediment. The device has two reservoirs, the inner cavity of which is divided by the membrane into two volumes, one of which is connected to the network, and the other to the filtering modules. The regeneration of the filter elements is carried out by reverse water flow in turn, with a preliminary withdrawal of the filter element from the duty cycle.

French patent No. 2716385, IPC B01D 35/12, publ. 1996-03-29.

The disadvantage of this device for filtering is also the complexity of its design.

An automatic filter is known in which filtration and backwashing occur simultaneously and independently from each other, without interrupting the work process. Several separately located filter chambers are placed in the filter housing. Each chamber has its own filter element. One of the chambers containing a dirty filter is temporarily switched off and switched to counter-current flushing mode, while the other chambers, previously washed, take over the functions of a temporarily isolated chamber. In the course of work, one by one washing of all filter chambers is carried out. The backwash system uses ball valves.

DE patent No. 10325525, IPC B01D 35/12, publ. 01/05/2005.

The disadvantage is the design complexity and the inability to quickly access to replace or assess the condition of the filter elements without dismantling the main components.

A known filter comprising a housing with support plates in which tubular filter elements are installed. A spool-distributing flushing device rotating around an axis is integrated in the filter, which is driven into rotation by a transmission mechanism from a drive turbine. This device allows during rotation to create a turbulent flow of contaminated liquid concentrate sequentially inside each filter element during their regeneration while simultaneously outflowing the contaminant concentrate from the same elements into the drain pipe. The regeneration of the filtering elements is carried out by the reverse flow of the filtrate from one end while simultaneously exerting tangentially dynamic action of a jet of contaminated liquid from the other end on the inner surface of the same element, the flow direction of the contaminated liquid concentrate inside the filtering element changing at least twice during one spool rotation flushing switchgear

Patent of Russia No. 2224577, Cl. B01D 29/62, publ. 02/27/2004.

The disadvantages of this filter are the complexity of the design, as well as the large loss of washing the filter.

A known automatic slotted filter containing a housing, a cover, a lower chamber, a nozzle for entering contaminated liquid, a nozzle for outlet of purified liquid, a backwash nozzle, a drainage nozzle, upper and lower support plates located perpendicular to the axis of the filter, in through coaxial openings of which one or several concentric circles, filter elements of a predominantly tubular shape with an inner filtration surface, a central pipe, a collector shaft, on a stepped shaft of a collector shaft are installed the ora is fixedly fixed with the possibility of small displacements in the axial direction of the rocker arm, the caps are fixed on its two shoulders, and the filter element positioning unit is fixedly fixed during regeneration in the form of a star, which is a disk with triangular teeth, the location and quantity of which is determined by the location and number of filter elements , on the filter cover there is a drive support, in which a non-contact sensor of the position of the teeth of the star is mounted, the sensitive element of which о is located in the same horizontal plane with the star and facing its lateral surface, bushings are installed in the bends of the collector shaft, while the arrangement of the rocker plugs in the diametric section fully corresponds to the arrangement of the bushings, a pressure ring is installed on the upper base plate, fixing it in the axial direction as filtering elements, and the central pipe, the cross-sectional area of which is equal to the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the filter elements, each of which is made in the form of a cylindrical spiral of high-precision A profile of a V-shape, fixed by spot welding on the supporting elements, while the supporting elements are located in the inner cavity of the filter element, and the V-shaped profile creates a rigid screen with annular slots of a certain size from 50 to 1000 microns and with a tolerance on the width of the gap up to 15 microns, ball valves with an electromagnetic drive are installed on the backwash fittings and drainage, a pressure sensor is installed in the lower chamber, which measures the pressure at the inlet of the contaminated medium, a pressure sensor is located in the casing, measuring th output pressure treated medium, wherein when aligned with the inner holes bushings lower support plate holes formed overall cavity includes an inner cavity of the filter elements, the cavity reservoir and the cavity backwash conduit.

RF patent No. 2336119, IPC B01D 29/48, B01D 29/54, B01D 29/66, publ. 10/20/2008.

As a result of field tests, the following filter flaws were identified:

The minimum filtration fineness on the slit grating with an efficiency of 98% is 50 μm.

When using slotted filter elements with an increased filtration fineness of less than 200 microns, the live section of the filter elements drops sharply, which leads to an unreasonable increase in the size of the filter and low economic efficiency.

The use of filter elements from other materials mesh, deep, dismounted mesh or powder is impossible due to the weak energy efficiency of backwashing. For normal effective regeneration of filter elements with a filter fineness of 50 microns or less, high-energy shock blowing with air, gas or steam is required.

Also, when using filtering elements with inside-out filtering, it is impossible to use highly efficient filtering elements with a corrugated surface that have a developed filtering surface.

The objective of the invention is the automation of filtering processes, increasing the efficiency of the regeneration of the filter element, increasing the service life of the filter, reducing operating costs, simplifying the design.

The solution to this problem is provided due to the fact that in the automatic regenerated filter, which includes a housing with a fitting for the outlet of the cleaned product, a lower chamber with a drainage fitting, an inlet of a contaminated product, a drainage fitting of the filter chambers, an upper cover with a gear motor mounted on a support, a shaft with a fixed positioning unit, filter chambers are installed inside the housing for arranging filter elements in them with filtration from the inside out in the form of glasses with a blank with a bottom with a specified filtering fineness having an internal and external power framework, the cover is equipped with a cleaning agent supply nozzle for regeneration equipped with an air vent, the shaft is positioned with a clearance in the through radial hole made in the upper tube plate and plate, the upper and lower ends of the shaft are hollow at the same time, a regeneration unit is fixedly fixed on the upper one, on one end of which a check valve is located, and on the lower end of the shaft there is a fixed pipe for drainage drainage from the regenerated filter chambers s, while the regeneration unit and the drainage pipe are located in the same plane, and the tight fit of the regeneration unit to the plate and the drainage pipe to the lower tube plate are provided by spring-loaded bushings that are capable of axial movement and are made of antifriction material.

In addition, the filter element consists of several layers of pleated filter materials on a perforated tube frame.

In addition, the filter element is made of highly porous stainless mesh.

In addition, the filter element is made in-depth of thin sintered stainless fibers.

In addition, the filter element is made in-depth of sintered stainless powder.

In addition, the filter element is made deep of synthetic fibers.

In addition, the filter element is made of slotted stainless elements.

In addition, two rows of slots are made on the hollow upper end of the shaft.

In addition, the cleaning agent is compressed air.

In addition, the cleaning agent is an inert gas.

In addition, the cleaning agent is steam.

In addition, the cleaning agent is a cleaning liquid.

In addition, one filter element may be installed in the filter chamber.

In addition, several filter elements can be installed in the filter chamber.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

FIG. 1 - general view of the filter.

FIG. 2 - View A - the upper mounting and positioning of the shaft.

FIG. 3- View B - spring loaded sleeve.

The automatic regenerated filter is a cylindrical apparatus of the vertical type and includes a housing 1, inside which filter chambers 2 are installed for arranging filter elements 3 in them in the form of glasses with a blank bottom, with filtering from the outside to the inside, filter chambers 2 are hermetically sandwiched between the lower tube plate 4 and the upper tube plate 5 using the plate 6. Each filter element 3 is made with a given filter fineness, for example 1-200 microns, and has an internal and external power frame to exclude its deformation during filtration and regeneration.

In each filter chamber 2 can be installed from one to several filter elements.

The filter element 3 may be several layers of pleated filter materials on a perforated tube frame. Each filter element 3 can be made, for example, highly porous stainless mesh, deep of thin sintered stainless fibers, deep of sintered stainless powder, deep of synthetic fibers, for example polypropylene, ethylene, fluoroplastic. Stainless steel slotted filter elements may also be used.

On the side surface of the housing 1 is a fitting 7 for the exit of the purified product.

The lower chamber 8 and the upper cover 9 are connected to the housing 1.

The lower chamber 8 is designed for a contaminated product and is equipped with an inlet fitting for the contaminated product 10, a drainage nozzle 11 of the filter chambers 2 and a drainage nozzle 12 of the lower chamber 8, overlapping by a tap (not indicated in the drawing).

The cover 9 contains a nozzle 13 for supplying a cleaning substance, for example compressed air, any inert gas or steam, or cleaning liquid for regeneration, and after regeneration is completed, for its subsequent removal from the filter, equipped with an air vent 14 and a valve (not shown), according to axis of symmetry of the filter on the cover 9 is a support 15 for mounting the gear motor 16.

Inside the filter, along its axis of symmetry, a rotating shaft 17 is located, the upper and lower ends of which are hollow, and having a bearing 18 as an upper radial support, which is installed in a stepped cup 19 having an internal bore 20 and fixed by a cover 21 with an mechanical seal 22.

The lower shaft support is a non-metallic plain bearing 23 mounted in a stationary sleeve 24.

In the upper part on the shaft, a positioning unit 25 is fixedly fixed in the form of a star, which is a disk with teeth of a triangular shape, the location and number of which is determined by the location and number of chambers of the filter chambers 2. A contactless position sensor 26, a sensitive element is mounted in the support 15 of the gear motor 16 which is located in the same horizontal plane with the positioning unit 25 and facing its side surface.

On the hollow upper end of the shaft 17, two rows of slots are made. The upper row of 27 slots connects the cavity of the shaft through the inner bore 20 in the stepped glass 19 with the fitting 13.

In the region of the location of the bottom row 28 of slots, a regeneration unit 29 is fixedly fixed on the shaft 17, at one end of which a check valve 30 is located, and on the other end connected to the internal cavity of the regenerated filter chamber 2, a spring-loaded sleeve 31 is installed, having the possibility of axial movement and made from antifriction material, providing a snug fit of the regeneration unit 29 to the plate 6.

The lower hollow end of the shaft 17 is connected to the pipe 32 of the drainage drainage from the regenerated filter chamber 2 fixed to the shaft 17. The regeneration unit 29 and the drainage pipe 32 are located in the same plane.

A tight fit of the pipe 32 drainage drain to the lower tube plate 4 provides a spring-loaded sleeve 33, with the possibility of axial movement and made of antifriction material.

The bushings 31 and 33 have the same design.

In the tube sheets 4 and 5 and the plate 6 holes are made, the number and relative position of which correspond to the number and location of the chambers 2 of the filter elements 3.

The shaft 17 is installed with a gap in the through radial hole 34 made in the upper tube plate 5 and the plate 6 connecting the clean cavity B of the housing 1 and the clean cavity G in the upper cover 9.

A gas receiver designed to accumulate a supply of gas for shock backflushing, a steam (gas) filter, a pressure tank of a washing solution for supplying washing liquid, a filter basket (bag filter) designed to dispose of contaminants can be attached to the filter (minimizes the consumption of working , technological liquid for flushing).

The operation of an automatic regenerated filter is as follows.

The filtered product is fed through the nozzle 10 of the input of the contaminated product into the lower chamber 8. Through the holes in the tube plate 4, the product enters the filter chambers 2, passes through the filter elements 3 in the direction from the outside to the inside, and is cleaned. Next, the cleaned product through the holes in the tube plate 5 and the plate 6 enters the clean cavity G of the top cover 9 and through the gap between the through radial hole 34 and the shaft 17 enters the clean cavity B of the housing 1, then it is discharged through the outlet 7 of the outlet of the cleaned product.

When the pores of the filter elements become clogged, the pressure difference between the clean cavities B and D and the lower chamber 8, intended for the contaminated product, increases. When a certain pressure drop is reached, the sequential cleaning of the filter chambers 2 is activated. For this, the gear motor 16 rotates the shaft 17 so that the regeneration unit 29 and the drainage pipe 32 located in the same plane are on the same axis as one of the filter chambers 2 by cutting off this camera from the filtering process.

Then, at the same time, the taps are opened at the inlet of the nozzle 13 and the outlet of the drainage nozzle 11, and the medium from the cut-off filter chamber 2 is discharged through the pipe 32 of the drainage outlet, the lower cavity of the shaft and the drainage nozzle 11 of the filter chambers 2. In this case, a sharp drop in pressure is observed in the cut-off filter chamber 2 , which leads to the automatic opening of the check valve 30. The cleaned medium from the clean cavity G through the valve 30 enters the cut-off chamber of the filter element and backwashes the filter element 3, finding schegosya in the chamber, and then also output through drain fitting 11.

After the set time has elapsed, the supply of compressed gaseous substance (compressed air, any inert gas or steam) to purge (regenerate) the filter element 3, which through the nozzle 13 enters the regeneration unit 29. The filter element is purged in the cut-off chamber. In this case, under the action of the compressed gaseous substance, the check valve 30 closes, stopping the flow of the flushing medium. After the time required for regeneration, the supply of compressed gaseous substances is turned off, the valve at the outlet of the drainage pipe 11 is closed, and the gear motor 16 puts the shaft with the devices in the cleaning position of the next chamber of the filter elements. In this case, the remains of the compressed gaseous substance are displaced from it through the air vent 14 of the fitting 13, and the cleaned chamber is returned to the filtration process. As a cleaning agent, compressed air, any inert gas or vapor, or, if necessary, a cleaning liquid.

The cleaning process is repeated for all filter chambers 2 until the pressure drop drops to the set value and the filter goes into normal filtering mode.

Periodically during routine maintenance, contaminants accumulating at the bottom of the lower chamber 8 are removed from it through the drainage nipple 12.

This automatic regenerated filter has the following advantages.

The design of the filter allows you to apply the whole variety of standard reusable filter elements with filtering from the outside inward from different manufacturers.

The dimensions and filtration fineness of specific cartridges may vary, therefore, performance may also vary. It is possible to manufacture filter elements with a filter fineness of 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 75, 100, 200 microns. The length of the filter elements can range from 0.5 to 1.5 m.

This design allows you to filter a wide variety of liquids, including aggressive media, as well as petroleum products.

Automatic regenerated filter allows for shock regeneration of filter elements by reverse current of the cleaning substance.

Automatic regenerated filter allows the regeneration of filter elements by reverse current low pressure steam.

An automatic regenerated filter allows a combined air-liquid back-flushing or flushing of the filter elements.

Claims (14)

1. Automatic regenerated filter, including a housing with a fitting for the outlet of the cleaned product, a lower chamber with a drainage fitting, an inlet of a contaminated product, a drainage fitting for the filter chambers, a top cover with a gear motor mounted on a support, a shaft with a fixed positioning unit, characterized in that filter chambers are installed inside the housing for arranging filter elements in them with filtration from the outside to the inside in the form of glasses with a blank bottom with a given filter fineness, and with internal and external power frames, the cover is equipped with a cleaning agent supply nozzle for regeneration, equipped with an air vent, the shaft is located with a gap in the through radial hole made in the upper tube plate and plate, the upper and lower ends of the shaft are hollow, while the upper is fixedly fixed a regeneration unit, at one end of which a non-return valve is located, on the lower end of the shaft a drainage pipe from the regenerated filter chamber is fixed, while the regeneration unit and the pipe The drainage odes are located in the same plane, and the tight fit of the regeneration unit to the plate and the drainage outlet pipe to the lower tube plate are provided by spring-loaded bushings that can axially move and are made of antifriction material. 2. The automatic regenerated filter according to claim 1, characterized in that the filter element consists of several layers of pleated filter materials on a perforated tube frame. 3. The automatic regenerated filter according to claim 1, characterized in that the filter element is made of highly porous stainless mesh. 4. The automatic regenerated filter according to claim 1, characterized in that the filter element is made in-depth of thin sintered stainless fibers. 5. The automatic regenerated filter according to claim 1, characterized in that the filter element is made in-depth of sintered stainless powder. 6. The automatic regenerated filter according to claim 1, characterized in that the filter element is made of deep synthetic fibers. 7. The automatic regenerated filter according to claim 1, characterized in that the filter element is made of slotted stainless elements. 8. The automatic regenerated filter according to claim 1, characterized in that two rows of slots are made on the hollow upper end of the shaft. 9. The automatic regenerated filter according to claim 1, characterized in that the cleaning agent is compressed air. 10. The automatic regenerated filter according to claim 1, characterized in that the cleaning agent is an inert gas. 11. The automatic regenerated filter according to claim 1, characterized in that the cleaning agent is steam. 12. The automatic regenerated filter according to claim 1, characterized in that the cleaning agent is a cleaning liquid. 13. The automatic regenerated filter according to claim 1, characterized in that one filter element can be installed in the filter chamber. 14. The automatic regenerated filter according to claim 1, characterized in that several filter elements can be installed in the filter chamber.

Images