RU2474461C1 - Fine filter - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to automated filters and may be used in power generation, transport, and other industries for fine cleaning of fuels, oils and other fluids. Fine filter comprises casing, bottom chamber, contaminated medium feed branch pipe and purified medium discharge branch pipe, blowback pipeline, cover supporting geared motor bed and filtration chambers with filtration elements. Purified medium chamber is arranged inside said casing. Said contaminated medium feed branch pipe and purified medium discharge branch pipe are arranged at one axis inside casing top part. Tubular filtration elements feature preset fineness of filtration, porous structure and are made from sintered stainless steel gauze with porosity of 30-80%. Filtration occurs from outside to inside. Air receiver is mounted on cover and communicated via compressed air feed pipeline with every filtration chamber. Shaft-manifold set composed of stepped shaft and manifold welded thereto is arranged along unit axis of symmetry. Said manifold is located in casing, under purified medium chamber. For filtration chamber regeneration, blowback pipeline positioning assembly is installed.

EFFECT: high quality filtration of larger volumes, ease of servicing.

10 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to automated filtering devices with the possibility of regeneration of filtering elements and can be used in energy, transport, petrochemical and other industries for fine purification of fuels, oils and other liquids.

Known automatic self-cleaning filter with the regeneration of filter elements countercurrent washing (RF patent No. 2064325, IPC B01D 37/04). The filter is a cylindrical body, separated by height by a partition with holes in the upper and lower chambers, along the axis of the holes on the partition, cylindrical filter elements are installed. Filter elements are grouped, for example, in 6 groups of 5 filter elements in each group. The cleaned liquid enters through the pipe into the lower chamber, and the cleaned liquid is discharged from the upper chamber through the drain pipe.

The regeneration of filter elements is carried out counterflow alternately according to a predetermined scheme using a special device consisting of a rotary nozzle mounted on the shaft with a gear satellite nozzle located on it and a spring-loaded receiving sleeve. The location of the filter elements in the filter and the trajectory of the sleeve are such that for the regeneration of each of the filter elements it is necessary to turn the swivel nozzle at the same angular step as many times as there are filter elements in the filter.

A device providing countercurrent washing of filter elements is notable for its complexity in manufacturing and operation.

A device for filtering liquid is known, containing several filter modules installed in parallel and having a common drain line for removing sludge (French Patent No. 2716385, IPC B01D 35/12, 1994). The device has two reservoirs, the inner cavity of which is divided by the membrane into two volumes, one of which is connected to the network, and the other to the filtering modules. The regeneration of the filter elements is carried out by reverse water flow in turn, with a preliminary withdrawal of the filter element from the duty cycle.

The disadvantage of this device for filtering is also the complexity of its design.

An automatic filter is known in which filtration and backwashing occur simultaneously and independently from each other, without interrupting the work process. Several separately located filter chambers are placed in the filter housing. Each chamber has its own filter element. One of the chambers containing a dirty filter is temporarily switched off and switched to counter-current flushing mode, while the other chambers, previously washed, take over the functions of a temporarily isolated chamber. In the course of work, one by one washing of all filter chambers is carried out. In the backwash system, ball valves are used (Patent DE No. 10325525, IPC B01D 35/12, publ. 05.01.2005).

The disadvantage is the design complexity and the inability to quickly access to replace or assess the state of filter elements without dismantling the main components.

The objective of the invention is to provide a device that provides high-speed thin high-quality cleaning of large volumes of liquid, ease of maintenance and the ability to replace worn elements without disassembling the case.

This problem is solved due to the fact that in the fine filtration unit containing the housing, the lower chamber, the inlet of the contaminated medium, the outlet of the purified medium, the backwash pipe, the backwash nozzle, the drainage nozzle, the cover, the support for the gear motor mounted on it and filter chambers with filtering elements, a chamber for a cleaned medium is located inside the housing, a nozzle for the input of the contaminated medium and a nozzle for the outlet of the purified medium are located on one axis in the upper part of the housing, the other The outlet pipe of the purified medium outlet is connected to the chamber for the purified medium, the filter elements are made in a tubular shape, with a given filter fineness, having a porous structure made of stainless steel mesh that has undergone a sintering process, porosity of 30-80%, with filtration from the outside to the inside, on the lid an air receiver is installed, connected by a compressed air supply pipe from each of the filter chambers, a collector shaft consisting of a stepped shaft and connected to it is located along the symmetry axis of the fine filtration unit By welding the collector located in the housing below the chamber for the cleaned environment, a positioning unit for the backwash pipeline is installed for the regeneration of the filter chamber, and a shut-off element is installed on the pipeline for the outlet of the cleaned medium.

In addition, the collector is slidably mounted in the lower support attached to the backwash pipe connected to the backwash fitting, and a l-shaped backwash pipe is connected to the side surface of the collector body.

In addition, at the end of the section of the backwash pipeline parallel to the axis of the collector shaft, a step-shaped cup is fixed, a sleeve with a cup attached to it by welding, inserted on the end of which is fixed to the end through a ring of antifriction non-metallic material, is fixed to the through hole.

In addition, the tight contact of the ring of anti-friction non-metallic material of the backwash pipeline with the lower surface of the cover is provided by a spring installed between a stepped cup fixed at the end of the pipeline section and a thrust cup.

In addition, the filter fineness is 1-200 microns.

In addition, inspection holes are made in the support for the gear motor.

In addition, the positioning unit of the backwash pipeline is made in the form of a star, fixedly mounted on a stepped shaft, which is a disk with teeth of a triangular shape, the location and quantity of which are determined by the location and number of filter chambers.

In addition, the position of the position of the backwash pipeline is mounted on the shaft of the gearmotor in the form of an encoder, designed to convert the angle of rotation of the rotating shaft into electrical signals, allowing to determine the angle of rotation.

In addition, the locking element is made in the form of valves.

In addition, the locking element can be made in the form of a rocker mounted on the stepped shaft with the possibility of rotation.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 is a General view of the block of fine filtration, the locking element is made in the form of valves.

Figure 2 is a General view of the fine filtering unit, the locking element is made in the form of a rocker arm.

Figure 3 - view A, the connection of the backwash pipeline of the l-shaped form with the cover of the housing.

Figure 4 - view B, the positioning unit of the backwash pipeline in the form of a star.

5 is a section bb of the filter chamber.

6 is a cross section GG, the node positioning the pipeline backwash in the form of a star.

Fig.7 - installation of the encoder.

The fine filtering unit contains a welded cylindrical body 1 to which a lower chamber 2 is attached with a backwash fitting 3 and a drainage fitting 4. A chamber 5 for the cleaned medium is located inside the housing 1, and a polluted medium inlet pipe is located on the same axis in the upper part of the housing 6 and the outlet pipe of the purified medium 7, the other end of the pipe 7 being connected to the chamber 5 for the purified medium.

On top of the housing 1 is closed by a lid 8, on which filter chambers 9 are installed in through holes located around the circumference for the entry of a contaminated medium.

In the upper part of each filter chamber 9, a tube sheet 10 is installed, having through holes in which tube-shaped filter elements 11 are installed, with a given filter fineness, for example 1-200 microns, having a porous structure made of a stainless steel mesh subjected to sintering, porosity of 30-80%, with filtration from the outside to the inside, which provides a large filtration area. The number and relative position of the holes in the tube sheet correspond to the number and arrangement of filter elements. To the upper part of each filter chamber 9, above the location of the tube sheet 10, a pipe 12 is connected for the outlet of the purified medium, the other end of which is connected to the chamber 5 for the purified medium.

An automatic air release valve 14 is installed on the cover 13 of the filter chamber 9. To measure the pressure at the inlet to the filter chambers 9, a pressure sensor 15 is installed in the housing 1. For measuring the pressure at the outlet of the filter chamber, a pressure sensor 16 is installed

An air receiver 17 is installed on the lid 8, connected by a compressed air supply pipe 18 to each of the filter chambers 9, and a support 19, with an inspection hole on the side surface for the gear motor 20. A pipe 18 is connected to the top of each filter chamber 9, above the location tube sheet 10.

The shaft of the gear motor 20 is connected along the symmetry axis of the fine filtration unit with the collector shaft 21, consisting of a stepped shaft 22 and a collector 23 connected to it by welding, located in the housing 1 below the chamber 5.

A backwash pipe 24 g-shaped is attached to the side surface of the manifold body 23. At the end of the pipeline section 24, parallel to the axis of the collector shaft 21, a step-shaped cup 25 is fixed, a sleeve 26 is inserted with the possibility of moving the sleeve 26 with a cup 27 attached to it by welding, on the end of which a ring 28 of antifriction non-metallic material is fixed . A thrust cup 29 is fixedly mounted on the sleeve 26, a spring 30 is installed between the thrust cup and the stepped cup, providing a tight contact of the backwash pipe ring 28 with the lower surface of the cover 8, and an axisymmetric elastic shell in the form of a bellows 31.

The manifold 23 is slidably mounted in the lower support 32 attached to the backwash pipe 33 connected to the backwash fitting.

The collector shaft 21, the axis of which coincides with the axis of symmetry of the block, has a bearing 34 mounted in the cup 35 and fixed by the bearing assembly cover 36 as an upper radial support. When filtering explosive and fire hazardous liquids, a dry mechanical seal 37 is placed on the drive shaft, having its bearing assembly and its sealing system.

When regenerating the filter chamber 9, a positioning unit for the backwash pipe 24 is installed.

The positioning unit of the backwash pipeline 24 can be made in the form of a star 38 fixedly mounted on a stepped shaft 22, which is a disk with teeth of a triangular shape, the location and number of which are determined by the location and number of filter chambers 9. A contactless position sensor 39 is mounted in the support 19, a sensitive element which is located in the same horizontal plane with the star 38 and faces its lateral surface. The positioning unit can be mounted on the shaft of the gear motor 20 in the form of an encoder 40, designed to convert the angle of rotation of a rotating object (shaft) into electrical signals, allowing to determine the angle of rotation.

On the pipe 12 to exit the cleaned medium to shut it off at the time of regeneration of the filter chamber 9, a shut-off element is installed. It can be made in the form of valves 41.

The locking element can be made in the form of a beam 42, mounted on the stepped shaft 22 with the possibility of rotation and located in the same plane with the backwash pipe 24, with a sealing element at the end of the beam, ensuring tightness at the junction of the beam and the pipe to exit the cleaned medium 12. At the inlet of the inlet of the contaminated medium 6, a crane 43 is installed.

The principle of operation is as follows.

In the normal filtering mode, the contaminated liquid under pressure through the inlet of the contaminated medium 6 enters the lower chamber 2 and then from the bottom up to the internal cavities of the filter chambers 9. An automatic air release valve 14 is installed on the lid 13 of the filter chamber 9 to remove air from the filter chambers 9 before starting work when they are filled with contaminated liquid. Contaminated liquid passes through the pores of the filter elements 11, with filtration from the outside to the inside, which provides a large filtration area, and is cleaned of impurities. The purified liquid is discharged from the filter chamber body 9 through the pipe 12, and mechanical impurities remain on the outer cavities of the filter elements 11. The horizontal direction of the filter, due to the design of the unit, does not coincide with the direction of the gravity (deposition) of the particles, so the pressure drop that occurs on the filter surface , can hold on it only a certain layer of sediment. Thus, during normal operation, part of the mechanical impurities remains on the outer surface of the filter elements 11, and the remaining impurities are suspended in the cavities of the filter chamber 9 and the lower chamber 2. The purified liquid enters through the pipe 12 into the chamber 5 for the cleaned medium and then through the outlet pipe of the purified medium 7 to the consumer.

The location of the nozzles 6 and 7 of the output inlet on the same axis allows installation in an existing pipeline without changing the piping. Through the drain fitting 4, the remaining liquid and solids are drained when the filter is emptied. Using the inspection hole in the support 19, the state of tightness in the sealing system of the shaft-manifold 21 is monitored.

The regeneration process is as follows.

If the fine-block is contaminated, an increase in the pressure drop between the incoming contaminated medium and the outgoing cleaned medium occurs inside it.

Upon reaching a predetermined pressure drop, determined by the readings of sensors 15 and 16, a signal is received from the pressure sensors, one of the filter chambers containing contaminated filter elements is temporarily shut down and switched to counter-current washing. At the same time, the geared motor 20 starts to rotate the collector shaft 21, and with it the positioning unit - the star 38, which is fixedly mounted on the stepped shaft 22. The sensitive element of the non-contact position sensor 39 is set to a certain gap between it and the teeth of the star 38. When the top coincides tooth with a sensitive element of the sensor 39, the shaft of the collector 21 stops, and the filter chamber 9 is cut off from the main filtering process.

As an option, it is planned to install an encoder 40 on the shaft of the gearmotor 21. The encoder is a device designed to convert the angle of rotation of a rotating object (shaft) into electrical signals to determine its angle of rotation.

This closes the locking element, which can be made in the form of valves 41.

Alternatively, the locking element can be made in the form of a beam 42, mounted on the stepped shaft 22 with the possibility of rotation and located in the same plane with the backwash pipe 24, with a sealing element at the end of the beam, providing tightness at the junction of the beam and the pipe to exit cleaned Wednesday 12.

At the same time, the hole in the backwash pipe 24 is aligned with the through hole of the cover 8, the spring 30 provides a tight contact of the ring 28 with the lower surface of the cover 8.

Compressed air is supplied from the receiver 17 through a pipe 18, which is attached to the upper part of the filter chamber 9, above the location of the tube sheet 10, while the filter elements are flushed with a reverse flow of purified liquid and compressed air from the inside out. Contaminants are removed with part of the cleaned medium through the backwash pipe, manifold 23, backwash pipe 33 and backwash fitting 3. After a period of time determined by the setting, the shut-off element opens, the valve 43 closes and the filter chamber 9 is filled through the pipe 12 with clean liquid from the chamber 5. When filling the filter chamber 9 with liquid, air is removed through the automatic air release valve 14. After the regeneration of the filter chamber 9 is completed, gate-collector shaft 21 to align the next tooth star 38 with a sensing element of the sensor 39. This process is repeated in the next filter chamber.

The cleaning process is repeated for all filter chambers 9 until the pressure drop drops to a predetermined value and the fine filter unit goes into normal filtering mode.

The design of the fine cleaning unit made it possible to realize a cyclic filtration mode. This means that one of the chambers containing the contaminated filter is temporarily shut down and switched to counter-current flushing mode, while the remaining chambers, previously washed, take over the functions of a temporarily isolated chamber. In the course of work, one by one washing of all filter chambers is carried out. Therefore, the level of contamination of the filter never reaches a critical value.

The advantages of the fine filtering unit are:

1. Filtration efficiency with smaller dimensions of the apparatus due to the use of a filter element of high porosity made of sintered materials.

2. The ability to quickly access to replace or assess the condition of the filter elements without dismantling the main components.

3. Low flow rate of the working fluid for backwashing due to the use of compressed air.

4. The simplicity of the design of the backwash mechanism, ease of maintenance and replacement of worn elements without disassembling the case.

5. The location of the inlet / outlet pipes on one axis. Installation in an existing pipeline without changing the piping.

6. The welded design of the housing allows the use of large housing sizes and, as a result, an increase in filter performance by increasing the filtration area.

Claims (10)

1. A fine filter unit comprising a housing, a lower chamber, an inlet of a contaminated medium, an outlet of a purified medium, a backwash pipe, a backwash nozzle, a drainage nozzle, a cover, a support for the gear motor and filter chambers mounted on it, characterized in that the chamber for the cleaned medium is located inside the housing, the inlet of the contaminated medium and the outlet of the purified medium are located on one axis in the upper part of the housing, the other end of the outlet the cleaned medium is connected to the chamber for the cleaned medium, the filter elements are made in a tubular shape with a given filter fineness, having a porous structure, are made of stainless steel mesh that has undergone a sintering process, porosity of 30-80%, with filtering from the outside to the inside, an air receiver is installed on the lid, connected by a compressed air supply pipe from each of the filter chambers, a collector shaft is located along the symmetry axis of the fine filtration unit, consisting of a stepped shaft and a count connected to it by welding a lecturer located in the housing below the chamber for the cleaned environment, a positioning unit for the backwash pipeline is installed for the filter chamber regeneration process, a shut-off element is installed on the pipeline for the outlet of the cleaned medium. 2. The fine filtering unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the collector is slidably mounted in the lower support attached to the backwash pipe connected to the backwash fitting, and a l-shaped backwash pipe is connected to the side surface of the collector body. 3. The fine filtering unit according to claim 2, characterized in that at the end of the backwash pipeline section parallel to the axis of the collector shaft, a step-shaped cup is fixed, into which the sleeve is inserted with the possibility of movement of the sleeve attached to it by welding cup , on the end of which a ring of antifriction non-metallic material is fixed. 4. The fine filtration unit according to claim 3, characterized in that the spring mounted between the stepped cup fixed at the end of the pipeline section and the thrust cup provides tight contact between the ring of anti-friction non-metallic material of the backwash pipe and the bottom surface of the cover. 5. The fine filtering unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the filtering fineness is 1-200 microns. 6. The fine filtration unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the inspection holes are made in the support for the gear motor. 7. The fine filtering unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the position of the backwash pipeline positioning unit is made in the form of a star, fixedly mounted on a stepped shaft, which is a disk with triangular teeth, the location and quantity of which is determined by the location and number of filter chambers. 8. The fine filtering unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the position of the backwash pipeline positioning unit is mounted on the shaft of the gear motor in the form of an encoder designed to convert the angle of rotation of the rotating shaft into electrical signals that determine the angle of rotation. 9. The fine filtration unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the shut-off element is made in the form of shut-off valves. 10. The fine filtering unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the locking element can be made in the form of a rocker arm, mounted on a stepped shaft with the possibility of rotation.

Images