RU2329085C1 - Edge knife filter - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanics.

SUBSTANCE: invention is intended for filtering liquid media. The filter contains a case, a top cover and a bottom chamber, unions for incoming polluted liquid and outcoming purified liquid, a filter element arranged inside the case and a knife to remove mechanical impurities. Two barrels arranged in one vertical plane are welded to the case cylinder ring, one of the said barrels being located in the ring upper part and another one in its lower part. The knife to remove mechanical impurities is arranged inside the case and rigidly fixed on trapezoidal aligning bar, the knife cutting edge being aligned along the filter element generator opposite the direction of rotation so that a clearance between the said cutting edge and the generator can be adjusted.

EFFECT: automation of filtering, higher efficiency of the filter element regeneration, longer filter life, lower operating costs.

8 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a device for filtering liquid media and can be used in various industries where effective cleaning of highly viscous liquid media and liquids containing sticking sediment, for example liquid paraffins, activated sludge, soft organic impurities, heavy hydrocarbons, from mechanical impurities is required.

For the implementation of processes for cleaning contaminated media in various branches of technology, filters are used consisting of a filter holder, mainly a cylindrical shape, and a filter element installed inside it. In the process of filtering, the adherence of mechanical impurities to the surface of the filter element occurs, which can be removed using scrapers, blades, knives.

A known filter for cleaning liquid, including a housing immersed in the liquid and installed in the tank, and equipped with a reverse air purge system and a knife to remove sediment (US Pat. US N 5262069, B01D 37/02, priority 16.02.91).

A known installation for cleaning liquid, including a drum vacuum filter installed in a container, the lower part of which is divided by a lower partition, on which a knife is installed to remove sediment from the surface of the drum vacuum filter adjacent to its surface (Russian patent No. 2108846, B01D 33/06, published on 04/20/98).

A known filter comprising a housing with inlet and outlet nozzles, a knife for removing mechanical impurities (Japanese patent No. 61129012, IPC B01D 24/26, publ. 06/17/86).

As the closest analogue, a slotted knife filter was selected that contains a housing, an upper cover and a lower chamber, fittings for the entry of contaminated liquid and the outlet of purified liquid, a filter element mounted inside the housing, knives for removing mechanical impurities (ed. St. No. 504542, IPC B01D 25/38, published on 02.28.76).

The disadvantage of these filters is a periodic cycle of operation, insufficient cleaning of the filter elements from clogging with mechanical impurities.

The objective of the invention is the automation of filtering processes, increasing the efficiency of the regeneration of the filter element, increasing the service life of the filter, reducing operating costs.

The problem is solved in that in the filter with a slotted knife containing a housing, an upper cover and a lower chamber, fittings for the input of contaminated liquid and the outlet of purified liquid, a filter element installed inside the housing, a knife for removing mechanical impurities, are connected to the cylindrical shell of the housing by welding two sleeves located in one vertical plane, one in the upper part of the shell, the other in the lower part of the shell, an axis is inserted into each sleeve on the inside of the shell, at the end of which there is a a trapezoidal mandrel is laid, a knife for removing mechanical impurities is located inside the case and fixed motionless on the trapezoidal mandrel, while the cutting edge of the knife is located along the generatrix of the filter element in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation, with the possibility of adjusting the gap between the cutting edge of the knife and the generatrix.

Additionally, a step-shaped screw is installed in each sleeve on the outside of the case, the end of the screw has a diameter smaller than the diameter of the thread, and a spring is located between the screw and the axis.

Additionally, the housing of the shaft sliding bearing is fixedly mounted inside the housing in its lower part.

Additionally, the filter element is made in a tubular shape with an outer filtering surface and is a slotted grate made in the form of a cylindrical spiral from a V-shaped high-precision profile, fixed by welding to supporting elements at each point of their intersection.

Additionally, the supporting elements are located in the inner cavity of the filter element.

Additionally, a spiral of a V-shaped profile forms a screen with transverse slots of a certain size with a tolerance of up to ± 15 μm.

Additionally, the filter element is installed between the upper cylinder and the lower disk, which are fixedly mounted on the shaft, while the filter element assembly with the shaft, cylinder and disk form a rotating drum.

Additionally, the upper cylinder is stepped, while the filter element is installed in its lower part, and the upper part of a smaller diameter is a sliding bearing, the housing of which is the base of the upper cover.

The invention is illustrated by drawings:

Figure 1 - General view of the filter slotted knife;

Figure 2 is a longitudinal section of a slotted knife filter;

Figure 3 is a cross section of a slotted knife filter;

Figure 4 is a cross section of a filter element;

Figure 5 - the position of the knife relative to the surface of the filter element.

The slotted knife filter consists of a housing 1, which is a cylindrical shell, in which a fitting 2 for the input of contaminated liquid, a pressure sensor 3, which measures the pressure of the supplying contaminated medium, are located. To the cylindrical shell of the housing 1 are attached by welding two sleeves 4 located in one vertical plane, one in the upper part of the shell, the other in the lower part of the shell.

On the outside of the housing 1, a step-shaped screw 5 is installed in each sleeve 4, the end of the screw has a diameter smaller than the diameter of the thread. A sealing gasket 6 is located between the screw 5 and the sleeve 4. An axis 7 is inserted into each sleeve 4 on the inside of the cylindrical shell of the housing 1, a spring 8 is located between the screw 5 and the axis 7. A cleaning element is located at the ends of the axles 7 inside the filter housing 1 a trapezoidal mandrel 9 with a fixed blade 10 fixed thereon for removing mechanical impurities. Inside the housing 1, in its lower part, the plain bearing housing 11 is fixedly mounted.

To the lower end of the housing 1 is attached a lower chamber 12 with a fitting 13 for the release of sediment. On the case 1, a top cover 14 is installed, having a fitting 15 for the outlet of the purified liquid, an air vent 16 is installed in the top cover 14, which serves to remove air from the filter before starting work when filling it with contaminated liquid, a pressure sensor 17 measuring the pressure of the outgoing cleaned medium, a device for measuring the temperature of the medium 18. A shaft 20 passes through the through hole in the upper cover 14, through the sealing system 19. The gear motor 21 is mounted on the support 22 and connected to the shaft 20. The upper cover 14 has a base 23 with through hole.

A filter element 24 is installed inside the housing 1 with a tubular shape 24 with an outer filtering surface, which is a slotted grate made in the form of a cylindrical spiral from a high-precision profile 25 V-shaped, fixed by welding to the supporting elements 26 at each point of their intersection. In this case, the supporting elements 26 are located in the inner cavity of the filter element 24, and the V-shaped profile forms a screen with transverse slots of a certain size with a tolerance of up to ± 15 μm.

The filter element 24 is installed between the upper cylinder 27 and the lower disk 28, which are fixedly mounted on the shaft 20, while the filter element 24 assembly with the shaft 20, the cylinder 27 and the disk 28 form a rotating drum. The knife 10 for removing mechanical impurities is fixed on the trapezoidal mandrel 9 so that its cutting edge is located along the generatrix of the filter element 24 in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation, with the possibility of adjusting the gap between the cutting edge of the knife and the generatrix by means of screws 5 by compressing the springs 8.

The shaft 20 is mounted in a plain bearing 11 of the shaft.

The upper cylinder 27 is made stepped, the filter element 24 is installed in the lower part of the larger diameter, and the upper part of the smaller diameter is a sliding bearing, the housing of which is the base 23 of the upper cover 14.

The filter is as follows.

The contaminated liquid under pressure through the nozzle 2 enters the housing 1, while filling the filter with contaminated liquid through the nozzle of the air vent 16, air is removed. Mechanical impurities, when a contaminated liquid passes through the slotted grating, remains in the cavity between the inner surface of the housing 1 and the outer surface of the filter element 24, the liquid purified from mechanical impurities enters the internal cavity of the filter element 24. Then, the purified liquid flows from the internal cavity of the filter element 24 to the top cover 14 and is removed from the filter through the nozzle 15 to exit the cleaned environment.

Using the device 18, the temperature of the purified medium is measured.

Gradually, part of the mechanical impurities settles on the outside of the filter element 24. The cleaning process is as follows.

If the filter is contaminated, an increase in the pressure drop occurs between the incoming contaminated liquid and the outgoing purified one. Upon reaching the specified pressure difference between the pressure sensors 3 and 17, a signal is received from the pressure sensors, the gear motor 21 starts to rotate the shaft 20 and the filter element 24 with it. When the filter element 24 is rotated, its outer surface is cleaned with a knife 10 fixed to trapezoidal mandrel 9. The cutting edge of the knife 10 is located along the generatrix of the filter element 24 and with the help of the screw 5 by pressing the spring 8, you can adjust the gap between the cutting edge of the knife and the generatrix.

The mechanical impurities removed from the surface of the filter element 24 fall into the lower chamber 12, and through the outlet outlet of the sediment 13, the remaining liquid and mechanical impurities are drained when the filter is emptied.

The cleaning process occurs until the pressure drop drops to values less than or equal to the specified value, the rotation of the drum with the filter element 24 is stopped, and the filter switches to the normal filtering mode.

The advantage of a slotted knife filter is: full automation of the filtering and cleaning process of the filter element, increasing the efficiency of the regeneration of the filter element, increasing the service life of the filter, reducing operating costs, filtering highly viscous liquids and liquids containing sticking sediment, such as liquid paraffins, activated sludge, and soft organic impurities , heavy hydrocarbons, from mechanical impurities.

Claims (8)

1. Slit knife filter, comprising a housing, an upper cover and a lower chamber, fittings for the entry of contaminated liquid and the outlet of purified liquid, a filter element mounted inside the housing, a knife for removing mechanical impurities, characterized in that two welded to the cylindrical shell of the housing sleeves located in one vertical plane, one in the upper part of the shell, the other in the lower part of the shell, an axis is inserted into each sleeve on the inside of the shell, at the end of which there is a trapezoid Ordering mandrel knife for mechanical removal of the impurities is arranged inside the housing and fixedly mounted on the mandrel trapezoidal, the knife edge located along the generatrix of the filter element in the opposite direction of rotation with the possibility of regulating the gap between the knife cutting edge and the generatrix. 2. The slotted knife filter according to claim 1, characterized in that a step-shaped screw is installed on each sleeve on the outside of the housing, the end of the screw has a diameter smaller than the diameter of the thread, and a spring is located between the screw and the axis. 3. The slotted knife filter according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing of the shaft sliding bearing is fixedly mounted inside the housing in its lower part. 4. The slotted knife filter according to claim 1, characterized in that the filter element is made of a tubular shape with an outer filtering surface and is a slotted lattice made in the form of a cylindrical spiral of a high-precision profile of a V-shape, fixed by welding to supporting elements in each point of their intersection. 5. The slotted knife filter according to claim 4, characterized in that the supporting elements are located in the inner cavity of the filter element. 6. The slotted knife filter according to any one of claims 4 and 5, characterized in that the spiral of the V-shaped profile forms a screen with transverse slots of a certain size with a tolerance of up to ± 15 μm. 7. The slotted knife filter according to claim 1, characterized in that the filter element is installed between the upper cylinder and the lower disk, which are fixedly mounted on the shaft, while the filter element assembly with the shaft, cylinder and disk form a rotating drum. 8. The slotted knife filter according to claim 7, characterized in that the upper cylinder is stepped, while the filter element is installed in its lower part, and the upper part of a smaller diameter is a sliding bearing, the body of which is the base of the upper cover.

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