RU2574628C1 - Gas separator of vortex type - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: gas separator of vortex type contains a vertical cylindrical casing, divided by the horizontal partition to top and bottom chambers, top and bottom heads, separation elements, input, output and drainage ducts, deflector, gas sampling element and confusor. In the top chamber the separation element is located horizontally, and in bottom - vertically. Each separation element is made in form of a spiral with winding pitch reducing from periphery to centre out of thin flat plate with fins, located through the plate width outside the spiral, wherein width and shoulder of the fin are similar in terms of size from 3 to 5 mm, and distance between the adjacent fins is higher by order, wherein the first fin is located at distance at least 10 mm from the plate edge, and after each fin though the plate width a row of elongated holes is made, the holes made separation channels. The end face of the vertical separation element is welded to the horizontal partition, on it in the top chamber the confusor is installed, it is made in form of the hollow truncated cone, top base of the cone coincides and is welded to the external surface of the horizontal separation element, its axis is perpendicular to axis of the output duct. In the confusor a gas sampling element is installed, in the partition under the confusor a central holes and holes with inserted pipes for gas flow are made, outside the confusor in the partition the holes are made with inserted drain tubes, their length is beyond the vertical separation element, the same tube is inserted in the central hole under the confusor. The input duct is located eccentrically to the casing centre, the eccentricity is 1/3 of internal diameter of the input duct. In the input duct the confusor in form of the truncated cone is installed, and to the separation element the deflector is welded against the input duct. On end faces of the horizontal element the deflectors are welded, opposite to the input duct on the casing the level gauge is installed. The drainage duct has valve.

EFFECT: effective separation of suspended moisture droplets and fines of the mechanical admixtures from gas/liquid flow.

2 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of capture of finely dispersed, aerosol and dissolved liquid particles, as well as mechanical impurities from a gas stream using centrifugal forces and can be used in the oil, gas, chemical and other industries.

A known separator containing a vertical cylindrical body, divided by an annular partition into the lower and upper separation chambers, inlet and outlet pipes, a deflector, a separation element with vertical plates constituting slotted channels, a reflector. A cone-divider [1] is installed in the inlet pipe of the separator.

A disadvantage of the known device is the large pressure loss with a significant amount of liquid at the inlet to the separator and in the case of plug operation (when a large amount of gas enters the inlet).

Known gas vortex separator ejection type adopted for the prototype [2]. The separator contains a vertical cylindrical body, upper and lower bottoms, inlet, outlet and drain pipes, a deflector with a reflective plate, a separation package consisting of vertical flat curved separation plates, which form slotted channels in the overlap zone, a false bottom. The separator further comprises a horizontal partition located in the cylindrical body, a horizontal cover, a gas sampling element and N cone-shaped guide confusers.

The disadvantage of this device is the entrainment of the separated liquid from the upper axial disk by the ascending vortex flow of the separated gas, which reduces the separation efficiency.

The technical result is the effective separation of suspended droplets of moisture and small particles of mechanical impurities from the gas-liquid stream, while simplifying the design and operation of the separator.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the proposed gas vortex type separator comprises a vertical cylindrical body divided by a horizontal partition into upper and lower chambers, upper and lower bottoms, a separation element, an inlet, outlet and drain pipe, a deflector, a gas sampling element and a confuser. The separation element is located horizontally in the upper chamber, and in the lower separation element is located vertically. Each separation element is made in the form of a spiral with a winding pitch decreasing from the periphery to the center from a thin flat plate with ribs located across the width of the plate outside the spiral. The width and protrusion of the ribs are comparable in size from 3 to 5 mm, and the distance between adjacent ribs is an order of magnitude greater, with the first rib located at a distance of at least 10 mm from the edge of the plate. Behind each rib along the width of the plate, a series of elongated holes are formed, forming separation channels. The end face of the vertical separation element is welded to a horizontal partition on which a confuser is installed in the upper chamber, made in the form of a hollow truncated cone, the upper base of which coincides and is welded to the outer surface of the horizontal separation element, the axis of which is perpendicular to the axis of the outlet pipe. A gas sampling element is located in the confuser. In the horizontal partition under the confuser, a hole is made in the center and holes in which tubes for gas passage are inserted. Outside the confuser, holes are made in the partition into which drainage tubes are inserted, the length of which extends beyond the vertical separation element, the same tube is inserted into the central hole under the confuser, the inlet pipe is eccentric relative to the center of the housing, the eccentricity is 1/3 of the inner diameter of the inlet pipe, a confuser in the form of a truncated cone is installed in the inlet pipe, and a deflector is welded to the vertical separation element opposite the inlet pipe, horizontally at the ends deflectors are also welded to the separation element, a level gauge is installed opposite the inlet pipe on the body, the drain pipe has a tap.

To simplify the disassembly of the separator, in case of breakage, the horizontal partition is fixed to the upper bottom with the possibility of moving it along the housing.

The case, divided by a hermetically sealed horizontal partition into the upper and lower chambers, allows preliminary and final separation of the gas stream. A high degree of purification is achieved due to the prevention of entrainment of the separated liquid by an upward vortex flow.

The separation element in combination with the deflector installed in it allows you to create a directed flow tangential to the inner wall of the housing chamber. As a result of the action of centrifugal and gravitational forces in the separation element located vertically in the lower chamber, there is a separation of solid particles and liquid droplets that flow into the drain pipe. The purified gas rises into the separation element located horizontally in the upper chamber, and then to the outlet pipe.

The separation element is made in the form of a spiral with a winding pitch decreasing from the periphery to the center from a thin flat plate with ribs located along the plate. A decrease in the winding pitch leads to a decrease in the cross section for the flow and, consequently, to an increase in its speed and an increase in centrifugal forces, contributing to the separation of the flow into its component parts.

The width and protrusion of the ribs are comparable in size from 3 to 5 mm, and the distance between adjacent ribs is an order of magnitude greater, with the first rib located at a distance of at least 10 mm from the edge of the plate. Behind each rib along the width of the plate, a series of elongated holes are formed, forming separation channels. The gas stream hits the ribs and partially passes through the holes, which contributes to additional separation.

The axis of the horizontal separation element is perpendicular to the axis of the outlet pipe, as a result of which the gas stream from it enters the inner surface of the upper chamber, where additional separation occurs.

The confuser, made in the form of a hollow truncated cone, which allows you to concentrate the flow in the cavity of the cone and direct it through the gas sampling element into the upper chamber.

In the horizontal partition under the confuser, a hole is made in the center and holes in which tubes for gas passage are inserted. Outside the confuser, openings are made in the partition into which drainage tubes are inserted, the length of which extends beyond the vertical separation element. The same tube is inserted into the central hole under the confuser, the length of which also extends beyond the vertical separation element. All this eliminates the entrainment of the separated liquid from the lower to the upper chamber by a vortex flow.

The inlet pipe is located eccentrically relative to the center of the casing, the eccentricity is 1/3 of the inner diameter of the inlet pipe, which allows more efficient to direct the incoming gas stream tangentially to the wall of the casing of the lower chamber and thereby improve flow separation.

A deflector is welded to the vertical separation element, opposite the inlet pipe, and deflectors are also welded to the ends of the horizontal separation element so that they are directed in one direction clockwise. The gas stream moves along the inner surface of the chamber, and liquid droplets and solid particles flow down under the action of gravitational forces.

Opposite the inlet pipe, a level gauge is installed on the body, which allows you to determine the level of accumulated waste. The presence of a crane on the drain pipe allows you to automate the process of waste disposal.

In FIG. 1 presents the proposed gas vortex type separator, where:

cylindrical body 1;

horizontal partition 2;

upper bottom 3;

lower bottom 4;

horizontal separation element 5;

vertical separation element 6;

inlet pipe 7;

output pipe 8;

drain pipe 9;

the deflector of the vertical separation element 10;

the deflector of the horizontal separation element 11;

gas sampling element 12;

confuser 13;

separation plate 14

rib of the separation element 15;

elongated holes of the separation channels 16;

tube for the passage of gas 17;

drainage tubes 18;

confluent inlet pipe 19;

level gauge 20;

drain cock 21

stand 22,

hole 23.

Example

The gas vortex type separator contains a vertical cylindrical body 1, divided by a horizontal partition 2 into upper and lower chambers, upper 3 and lower bottoms 4, a horizontal separation element 5, a vertical separation element 6, input 7, output 8 and drain pipe 9, and a vertical deflector 10 separation element 6, two deflectors 11 of the horizontal separation element 5, gas sampling element 12, confuser 13. Each separation element 5 or 6 is made in the form of a spiral with decreasing from the periphery to the center of coil winding from a thin flat plate 14 made of steel 12X1810T, 1.5 mm thick. The ribs 15 are made along the plate 14. The width and protrusion of the ribs 15 are comparable in size from 3 to 5 mm, and the distance between adjacent ribs 15 is an order of magnitude larger, with the first rib 10 mm from the edge of the plate 14. Behind each rib 15 along the width of the plate 14, a number of oblong holes 16 are formed, forming separation channels. The end face of the vertical separation element 6 is welded to a horizontal partition 2 made of steel 12X1810T. In the upper chamber, a confuser 13 is installed on the partition 2, made in the form of a hollow truncated cone of steel 12X1810T. The upper base of the confuser 13 coincides and is welded to the outer surface of the horizontal separation element 5, the axis of which is perpendicular to the axis of the outlet pipe 8. In the confuser 13 there is a gas sampling element 12 made in the form of densely laid metal chips made of 12X1810T steel between two concentric grids. In the horizontal partition 2 under the confuser 13, a hole 23 is made in the center and holes in which tubes 17 for gas passage are inserted. Outside the confuser 13 in the partition 2 holes are made into which drainage tubes 18 are inserted, the length of which extends beyond the vertical separation element 6, the same tube 18 is inserted into the central hole 23 under the confuser 13. The inlet pipe 7 with an inner diameter of 60 mm is eccentric with respect to the center of the housing 1, the eccentricity is 20 mm. A confuser 19 in the form of a truncated cone made of 12X1810T steel is installed in the inlet pipe 7. A deflector 10, made of steel 12X1810T in the form of a curved plate, the free end of which is adjacent to the inner surface of the lower chamber of the housing 1, is welded to the vertical separation element 6 opposite the inlet pipe 7, and deflectors 11 made of steel 12X1810T are also welded to the ends of the horizontal separation element 5. The deflector 11 is made in the form of a curved plate, the free end of which is directed tangentially to the inner wall of the upper chamber of the housing 1. A level gauge 20 is installed opposite the inlet pipe 7, the drain pipe 9 has a tap 21.

The horizontal partition 2 is fixed to the upper bottom 3 by struts 22 and can be moved along the housing 1.

The gas vortex type separator operates as follows. The fluid flow, in particular the oil and gas mixture, from the pipeline enters the inlet of the housing 1 through the confuser 19 of the inlet pipe 7. The flow hits the deflector 10 and enters the separator 6, in which the fine droplets of liquid and solid particles that flow down the walls of the separator are separated 6 and the lower chamber to the drain pipe 9. The purified gas through pipes 17 enters the confuser 13 and through the gas sampling element 12 into the horizontal separator 5, where the gas is cleaned. The gas strikes into the deflectors 11 and swirls tangentially to the inner surface of the upper chamber and additional waste is generated. The purified gas leaves through the pipe 8, and the separated fine particles are removed through the drainage tubes 18. When the flow in the separators due to friction, the flow is heated. The heated stream flows from the separators into the chambers with a large volume and its pressure decreases, there is an intensive formation of fine droplets of liquid and their release from the gas.

In the process of operation of the separator in the lower bottom 4, waste accumulates, the volume of which is measured by the level gauge 20, and when certain values are reached, the valve 21 of the drain pipe 9 opens.

The proposed gas vortex type separator was tested on a prototype. Tests have shown that the separation efficiency is over 99%. The horizontal partition is fixed to the upper bottom with the possibility of moving it along the body, which simplifies the disassembly of the separator in cases of clogging.

The proposed device will be used in a measuring installation for separating the oil and gas mixture from the well into its component parts and measuring their quantitative composition.

Information sources

1. Patent RU No. 2188062, IPC B01D 45/12.

2. Patent RU, No. 59436 IPC B01D 45/12 - prototype.

Claims (2)

1. A gas vortex-type separator comprising a vertical cylindrical body divided by a horizontal partition into upper and lower chambers, upper and lower bottoms, separation elements, inlet, outlet and drain pipes, a deflector, a gas sampling element and a confuser, characterized in that in the upper chamber the separation element is located horizontally, and vertically at the bottom, each separation element is made in the form of a spiral with a winding pitch decreasing from the periphery to the center from a thin flat plate with ribs, laid along the width of the plate outside the spiral, while the width and protrusion of the ribs are comparable in size from 3 to 5 mm, and the distance between adjacent ribs is an order of magnitude greater, with the first rib located at a distance of at least 10 mm from the edge of the plate, and beyond each rib the width of the plate, a series of oblong holes are made, forming separation channels, the end of the vertical separation element is welded to a horizontal partition, on which a confuser made in the form of a hollow truncated cone is installed in the upper chamber, the upper The novation of which coincides and is welded to the outer surface of the horizontal separation element, the axis of which is perpendicular to the axis of the outlet pipe, a gas sampling element is placed in the confuser, a hole in the center is made in the baffle under the confuser, and holes are inserted into which gas pipes are inserted, holes are made outside the confuser into which drainage tubes are inserted, the length of which extends beyond the vertical separation element, the same tube is inserted into the central hole under pattern, the inlet pipe is eccentric relative to the center of the housing, the eccentricity is 1/3 of the inner diameter of the inlet pipe, a confuser in the form of a truncated cone is installed in the inlet pipe, and a deflector is welded to the separation element opposite the inlet pipe, and deflectors opposite the inlet are welded to the ends of the horizontal element a level gauge is installed on the body pipe, the drain pipe has a crane. 2. The gas vortex type separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the horizontal partition is fixed to the upper bottom with the possibility of moving it along the body.