RU2528675C2 - Impact-inertial gas cleaner - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention is designed to arrest fine and aerosol fluids and solids in gas flows and can be used in oil, gas, chemical and other industries. Proposed device comprises vertical case, intake and discharge pipes, webs, central pipe and separator. Gas cleaned is fed into centripetal separator from periphery and discharged therefrom at the centre. Said centripetal separator comprises vertical and horizontal solid interconnected webs connected with case to separated rough gas chamber from cleaned gas chamber. Besides, it comprises fender to separate rough gas and to guide it to top and bottom sections of centripetal separator. Top section blades are connected, from above, with solid disc and, from below, with disc and central opening. While bottom section blades are connected from below with horizontal segment web and, from above, with disc with central opening to make confusers to swirl gas flows. Note here the gas are swirled in tangentially opposite directions since top section blades are arranged in counter clockwise direction while bottom section blades - in clockwise direction.

EFFECT: higher efficiency of cleaning at minimum hydraulic resistance.

3 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention is intended to capture liquid and solid aerosols from a gas stream and can be used in gas, oil, chemical and other industries.

Known gas vortex type separator (RF patent for utility model No. 58379, class IPC B01D 45/02 and B01D 45/16, priority date 05/10/2006) [1].

The essence of the utility model is that the gas vortex type separator contains a vertical cylindrical body, upper and lower bottoms, an inlet, outlet and drain pipe, a deflector, a pickup pocket, a separation bag consisting of vertical, flat, curved separation plates that are in the zone overlaps form slotted channels, a false bottom, a pocket-trap located in the upper part of the separation package. In this case, the outlet pipe is located vertically, moreover, the separator further comprises a horizontal partition located above the separation package, and cone-shaped guide confusers located mainly above the horizontal partition between the separation package and the output pipe coaxially with the separation package and the output pipe. In this case, the guide confusers are located one above the other with partial overlap and form annular gaps in the overlap zone. The separation package is located in the separator body with a shift in the direction from the deflector by a distance equal to half the distance from the deflector to the separator body.

The main disadvantage of the analogue, as well as of other devices, the principle of which is based on the action of centrifugal forces on dust particles, is that it has a limited scope. Effectively working at high gas speeds, it dramatically reduces efficiency while reducing the gas flow rate due to the weakening of centrifugal forces. This is especially evident with pulsating gas flows.

Inertial shock separators are practically devoid of this drawback.

The closest to the claimed technical solution and therefore adopted as a prototype is “Device for the separation of liquids from gas” (certificate for utility model of the Russian Federation No. 8276, class IPC B01D 45/06, B04C 5/12, priority date 03.02.1998) [2 ]. The action of the device (as well as the claimed technical solution) is based on the shock-inertial mechanism for removing liquid droplets from gas.

The device comprises a vertical cylindrical body divided by a conical partition into an inertial separator with a tangential inlet nozzle located in its lower part and a filter element made of porous material enclosed between two coaxially mounted cylindrical shells, the outer one of which is partially perforated and has a conical bottom with a nozzle for draining liquid installed in the bottom of the inertial separator, and the inner shell is perforated and connected to the output pat com.

A distinctive feature of the prototype is that the lower part of the inner shell is equipped with perforation and an annular cavity formed by two conical walls, the upper of which is perforated. The perforation holes have a flange directed to the side of the porous filter material, and the bottom wall is solid and forms a gap with a conical bottom of the outer shell, and the perforation of the outer shell is made in its upper part and is equipped with a blade swirl flow.

The disadvantages of the technical solution claimed in the prototype are associated with the use of a filter element of a porous material. On the one hand, its use greatly increases the hydraulic resistance of the separator, and on the other hand, if there is solid impurities in the gas being cleaned, periodic shutdowns of the device for regenerating the filter element are required in order to remove the accumulated solid sediment, which further increases the hydraulic resistance.

The objective of the proposed technical solution is to create a device that can be effectively operated in a wide range of gas flow velocities (up to pulsed modes) with minimal hydraulic resistance and does not require periodic shutdowns to remove accumulated sediment.

The solution to this problem lies in the fact that in the known design of a device for cleaning gas from liquid and solid aerosols, containing a vertical body, inlet, outlet and drain pipes, as well as partitions and a central pipe through which the purified gas exits, instead of shock-inertial filtering cleaning mechanism applied shock-inertial-centripetal mechanism. In the claimed technical solution, the centripetal separation unit consists of two sections containing flat straight vanes, set in such a way that the distance between the vanes on the periphery of the centripetal separation unit is greater than that in the center (i.e., confusers with tangentially directed flows of the gas being cleaned form between the vanes). The blades are arranged so that the gas in each section is twisted in the opposite direction. From the centripetal separation unit, the purified gas is removed through a central pipe whose axis is offset from the central axis of the housing along which the drain pipe is located. Thus, in the inventive shock-inertial device for gas purification, the gas stream to be cleaned after hitting the chipper (the first stage of aerosol removal) is twisted with centripetal acceleration in opposite directions in each section of the centripetal separation unit, passing from the periphery to the center. The inertial forces arising as a result of this process, as well as the collision of two oppositely swirling flows, cause the separation of the bulk of aerosols (this is the second stage of their removal). The third stage of aerosol separation occurs due to adiabatic expansion of the gas as it exits from the central pipe into the device body.

The inventive shock-inertial device for gas purification is presented in the drawings: FIG. 1 is a General view of the inventive shock-inertial device for gas purification in a section, FIG. 2 is a centripetal separation assembly of the inventive shock-inertial device for gas purification, FIG. 3 is a section. in the upper section of the centripetal separation unit (view A-A), FIG. 4 is a section along the lower section of the centripetal separation unit (type B-B).

The inventive shock-inertial device for cleaning gas from liquid and solid aerosols (Fig. 1) includes a vertical housing (1), an inlet pipe (2), an outlet pipe (3), a drain pipe (4), a centripetal separation unit (5 ), consisting of upper (6) and lower (7) sections, a central pipe (8), a chipper (9) for separating gas flows into upper and lower, horizontal segmented baffle (10) with an opening (11), under which the central pipe (8), as well as solid partitions - vertical (12) and horizontal (13). Partitions (10, 12 and 13) connected to each other and to the body (1) separate the cavity of the crude gas (14) from the cavity of the purified gas (15).

The upper (6) and lower (7) sections of the centripetal separation unit (5) shown in FIG. 2 contain blades. The blades (16) of the upper section (6) are connected from above, for example, welded to a solid disk (17), and from below to a disk with a central hole (18); the blades (19) of the lower section (7) are connected from below, for example, welded to a horizontal segmented partition (10), and from above to a disk with a central hole (18).

In Fig. 3 (view A-A) and Fig. 4 (view B-B), the upper (6) and lower (7) sections of the centripetal separation unit (5) are shown in section.

Figure AA shows that the upper stream of gas to be cleaned, separated by a chipper (9), using blades (16), the arrangement of which is shown in FIG. 2, is twisted against the confusers (20) of the upper (6) section of the centripetal separation unit (5) clockwise.

B-B is a sectional view of the lower section (7) of the centripetal separation unit (5), where the lower stream of gas to be separated, separated by a chipper (9), due to the different arrangement of the blades (19) of the lower section (7) of the centripetal separation unit (5), which form also confusers (21), twists clockwise.

The operation of the inventive shock-inertial device for gas purification is as follows. Gas containing aerosol liquid and solid particles, through the inlet pipe (2) enters the body (1) and hits the chipper (9), so the initial stage of separation of liquid and solid particles occurs, and is divided into two streams. One thread enters the upper section (6) of the centripetal separation unit (5) and is twisted by its blades (16) counterclockwise. Another flow enters the lower section (7) and is turned clockwise by the blades (19). Inertial forces resulting from the unwinding, as well as the collision of two oppositely swirling flows cause the separation of the bulk of liquid and solid aerosols. An additional separation of aerosols from gas occurs when it expands, when it leaves the confusers (20 and 21) of the upper (6) and lower (7) sections, respectively.

The resulting liquid with solid particles present in it (pulp) under the influence of gravity flows down the inner walls of the central pipe (8). The third stage of aerosol separation occurs due to the adiabatic expansion of the gas exiting from the central pipe (8) into the cavity of the purified gas (15).

The purified gas leaves through the outlet pipe (3), and the pulp is removed through the drain pipe (4).

The inventive design of a shock-inertial device for gas purification was used to purify natural gas from aerosols in the range of linear velocities from 1 to 25 m / s, pressures from 15 to 170 atm and temperatures from -50 to + 200 ° C, which allowed for cleaning with efficiency 95-98%.

Information sources

1. RF patent for utility model No. 58379 “Gas vortex type separator” (class IPC B01D 45/02, B01D 45/16, priority date 05/10/2006).

2. Certificate of the Russian Federation for utility model No. 8276 "Device for the separation of liquids from gas" (class IPC B01D 45/06, B04C 5/12, priority date 03.02.1998).

Claims (3)

1. Inertial shock device for cleaning gas from liquid and solid aerosols, containing a vertical body, inlet, outlet and drain pipes, as well as partitions, a central pipe and a separation unit, characterized in that the gas to be cleaned is fed to the centripetal separation unit from the periphery and leaves it in the center, and the centripetal separation unit contains vertical and horizontal solid partitions, interconnected with the body and separating the cavity of the crude gas from the cavity of the purified gas , a baffle for separating the flow of the gas to be purified and directing it to the upper and lower sections of the centripetal separation unit, the blades of the upper section at the top connected to a solid disk and from below to a disk with a central hole, and the blades of the lower section at the bottom connected to a horizontal segmented partition and above - with a disk with a central hole, and form confusers, with the help of which there is a twisting of the flows of the gas to be cleaned, and the flows of the gas to be cleaned are tangentially opposite lening, because the blades in the upper section are located counterclockwise, and in the lower section - clockwise. 2. Inertial shock device for cleaning gas from liquid and solid aerosols according to claim 1, characterized in that the blades of the upper section are connected to a solid disk and from below to a disk with a central hole by welding. 3. An inertial shock device for cleaning gas from liquid and solid aerosols according to claim 1, characterized in that the blades of the lower section are connected to a horizontal segmented partition, and the top with a disk with a central hole is welded.

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