RU2570067C1 - Mining of bedded deposits - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: cut in the board is arranged across in direction of the mineral bulk dump and is divided into three sections over the length. First, extreme cut sections are worked which abut on its end boundaries. Note here that mineral is displaced beyond the worked board contours limits. Stripping rock is dumped into worked space between lengthwise boundaries.

EFFECT: higher process efficiency owing to increase in that of excavation and transfer equipment.

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Description

The invention relates to mining and can be used in the development of formations, gentle or inclined deposits of minerals.

The claimed invention relates to a priority area for the development of science and technology "Technologies for environmentally sound development of deposits and mining" [Alphabetical index to the International Patent Classification in priority areas for the development of science and technology / Yu.G. Smirnov, E.V. Skidanova, S.A. Krasnov. - M.: PATENT, 2008 .-- p. 110], since it is aimed at increasing the width of the panel during sequential overburden and mining operations with one dragline without the use of additional equipment and transhipment of minerals.

A well-known and widely used method for developing rock strata is when overburden rocks are developed and laid into a mined space with a dragline, and rocks containing minerals are removed from the massif by other mining equipment (Rzhevsky V.V. Open pit mining. Part 2. Technology and complex mechanization 4th ed., Revised and enlarged M., Nedra, 1985, 549 p., Pp. 212-213).

A sign of the analogue, similar to the essential sign of the proposed method, is the excavation of overburden and minerals dragline with dumping overburden into the worked out space.

The disadvantage of this method is that for the extraction of overburden and minerals, various types of equipment are used. For example, when conducting overburden operations with a dragline in a seam excavation by an excavator-automobile complex, it is necessary to conduct additional excavation workings and highways for the removal of minerals.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result is a method of developing deposits, providing for overburden and mining operations with one dragline alternately with overburden dumping into an internal dump, and minerals in a bunker installed on the surface or in bulk. (Melnikov N.V. A quick reference to open cast mining. Ed. 3, add. (2nd ed. - 1968), M., Nedra, 1974, 424 pp., Pp. 39-40).

Common signs of the prototype with the claimed object is the alternate filling with one dragline of overburden into the worked out space, and the mineral in the bunker or pile on the surface when the dragline operates with stops.

A comparative analysis of the proposed technical solution with the prototype shows that the disadvantage of the method when unloading minerals in bulk or in the receiving hopper without additional equipment is the limited width of the longitudinal tabs. When unloading minerals into bulk, the width of the panel is determined by the width of the entry, which in turn is limited by the conditions for placing the overburden in the worked out space. Since the bulk of the mineral is sprinkled from the rocks of the panel, it is limited in size in the cross section and during its subsequent development, frequent rearrangements of transport communications or moving of mining and loading equipment are necessary. In the case of filling the mineral with a dragline into the receiving hopper, limiting the panel size in width also leads to the need for frequent rearrangements of the hopper, transshipment and transport equipment. In both cases, there is a decrease in productivity of the entire complex of mining, loading and transport equipment.

Dumping of minerals into the dump truck body, i.e. the use of cyclic action for loading mineral resources also does not allow efficient mining, since dragline performance is reduced due to downtime associated with the installation of a dump truck for loading and waiting for transport.

The claimed technical solution is aimed at increasing the width of the panel during sequential overburden and mining operations with one dragline without the use of additional equipment and transhipment of minerals.

The technical result consists in increasing the efficiency of the method by increasing the productivity of mining and transport equipment.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the known development method, including mining of rock stratum with dragline panels - openings, in accordance with the claimed invention, openings in panels and overburden dumps in the worked out space are transverse to the direction of formation of bulk minerals and are divided into three lengths section, first work out the extreme sections of the entry adjacent to its end boundaries, while the mineral is moved outside the contour of the developed panel, and skryshnye rock backfilled into mined-out space between the longitudinal edges.

In the case of alternate extraction of minerals and overburden with dragline, each run along the length is worked out in parts in the prescribed manner, and the internal dump of overburden is poured into the worked-out space sequentially from one longitudinal border of the panel to another opposite.

The turn of the insert in relation to the direction of formation of the bulk of the mineral and, accordingly, the change in the direction of working out of the insert in the panel allows you to create a worked out space in the end rather than the longitudinal part of the panel, and not limit the width of the panel to the internal dumps.

Testing the length of the set in the prescribed manner allows you to increase its length subject to the conditions for filling the mineral beyond the longitudinal side of the panel.

The simultaneous carrying out of the above operations during the implementation of the method allows to increase the width of the panel worked out by dragline when dumping rocks containing minerals outside the panel border without transshipment and the use of additional equipment.

Comparative analysis shows that the claimed method differs from the prototype, i.e. meets the requirements for the invention by the criterion of "novelty."

The prior art does not know the signs that match the distinctive features of the claimed method, however, signs are identified that are similar to the distinctive features.

It is known that increasing the width of the panel and reducing the number of movements of transport communications along the front of the ledge is possible by installing intermediate bunkers - feeders with cantilever conveyors and individual conveyor loaders. Their application allows you to practice the panel with one or more normal or wide openings, through transverse openings or longitudinal wide open ends (Rzhevsky V.V. Processes of open mining. Ed. 3rd, revised and additional M., Nedra, 1978, 541 p. 215-216).

The use of additional equipment to increase the width of the panel leads to the creation of a complex mechanization scheme with rigid connections of all equipment in the production chain, which should periodically move when working out one panel, which leads to an increase in unproductive downtime. Also, the coefficient of readiness of the complex for work and the use of equipment during the shift is reduced, there is a fluctuation and a decrease in the productivity of the complex as a whole. Despite the use of additional equipment, the performance of the technological scheme is determined not by the amount of equipment, but by the productivity of the head machine, i.e. dragline. Thus, in this case, an increase in equipment costs is required without an increase in productivity, and in general this will lead to a decrease in specific efficiency.

It is known that the front of the work is divided into two wings (blocks) in length and the overburden is mined using one dragline from the middle of the front of the work, i.e. within an approach in different directions (Rzhevsky V.V. Technology and integrated mechanization of open cast mining. Ed. 2, rev. and add. - M .: Nedra, 1975. - 574 p., pp. 217-219). The well-known feature does not provide for an increase in the width of the panel and is used to exclude the dependence of the overburden and mining excavator when mining overburden and mining operations with different mining equipment, i.e., the division of the front of the work along the length is used to create the possibility of its development by several excavators. In the claimed technical solution, the front of the work is not divided into parts by length, but the entry is divided in length and worked out from the end borders to the center, which is aimed at creating the possibility of filling the minerals outside the panel.

Thus, the influence of similar with distinctive features on the achieved technical result is not known from the technique, which consists in increasing the width of the panel when combining overburden and mining operations with dragline and dumping the minerals outside the panel and, if necessary, at one point.

Therefore, the claimed method meets the condition of patentability "inventive step".

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where:

- in FIG. 1 shows the layout of panels 1, the direction of dumping a pile of minerals and dividing the panel into tabs 2;

- in FIG. 2 shows a diagram of the development of the sunset in the panel and the placement of the bulk of the mineral;

- in FIG. 3 shows a cross section along line AA at the location of the pioneer overburden dump;

- in FIG. 4 shows a cross-section along line AA at the location of the overburden dump from mining the central part of the sunset.

Elements, positions and sections in the drawings are indicated by the following numbers and letters:

1 - Field development panel;

2 - entry;

3 - The longitudinal border of the panel (contour);

4 - Longitudinal opposite 3rd border of the panel;

5 - Bulk of minerals;

6 - 1st standing point of the dragline excavator;

7 - Arc of a circle of movement of a dragline excavator;

8 - The center of the circle of movement of the dragline excavator;

9 - Pioneer part of the overburden dump;

10 - 2nd standing point of the dragline excavator;

11 - The second part of the overburden dump;

a, b, c, d and d, c, i, f are the corner points of the contours of the panels 1;

(q-r-o-p) - the first part of sunset 2, adjacent to the contour 3 of panel 1;

(p-o-s-t) - the second part of sunset 2 is located between the first part (q-r-o-p) and the third part (t-s-w-z) of sunset 2;

(t-s-w-z) - the third part of sunset 2 is adjacent to the opposite border 4 of panel 1;

Rp is the discharge radius of the dragline excavator;

Rch is the radius of the excavator dragline;

A is the width of the excavator entry;

Well - overburden power;

h.p. - mineral power;

ay is the slope angle of the overburden ledge;

b is the slope angle of the production ledge;

ao - slope angle of the overburden dump;

But - the height of the overburden dump.

The method of developing reservoir deposits is as follows. According to the length of the field, FIG. 1, outline panels 1, in which the contours of the tabs 2 are plotted.

The development of an approach from two points of the excavator's standing is considered.

Testing of panel 1 with corner points a, b, c, d, FIG. 1 is carried out as follows.

Dragline, fig. 2, placed inside the contour of the sunset 2, which is divided in length into three parts. The first part (qrop) of sunset 2 is adjacent to the contour 3 of panel 1, the second part (post) is inside between the first and third (tswz) and adjacent to the opposite border 4 of panel 1. The dragline during excavation and dumping of minerals into bulk 5 is in the second part (post) of entry at point 6, which lies on an arc of circle 7, center 8 of which is the point of unloading of the dragline bucket into bulk 5. Overburden from (qrop) and (tswz) parts of entry 2 are placed in the worked out space, creating a pioneer part 9 internal dump, and mineral th backfilled to point 8. In order to increase the height and decrease the volume of work during the subsequent reclamation possible podsypku rocks recesses bead stripping. Next, the dragline is moved beyond the border of the panel to point 10, also located on the arc of circle 7. In the process of moving, the central part of the insert (p-o-s-t) is worked out, while waste rock is also dumped into the internal dump 11, thereby forming the overburden dump. The mineral from the central part (post) of sunset 2 is likewise poured into point 8 and thereby the bulk of rock 5 is created, which contains the entire volume of mineral from sunset 2. Further, the dragline similarly fulfills the following sunset, and the created bulk of minerals, after they will be beyond the dragline range, shipped with other equipment or processed on site.

When developing wide extended deposits, when more than two panels are planned, the bulk of minerals from the inner panels can be placed inside the contour of the field on the surface of overburden dumps, which are planned at the place of creation of the bulk of the mineral.

Claims (1)

A method of developing reservoir deposits, including overburden and mining operations using one dragline alternately with overburden dumping into the internal dump, and mineral deposits into the bulk located on the day surface, characterized in that the insert in the panel is placed transverse to the direction of dumping the mineral bulk and the length is divided into three sections, at first they work out the extreme sections of the entry adjacent to its end boundaries, while the mineral is moved outside the contour Pipeline panel and overburden some sleep in the mined-out space between the longitudinal edges.

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