RU2567842C1 - Method of complex processing of objects with application of combined indicator composition for processing of premises after acts of terrorism - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: to carry out complex deactivation, disinfection and detection of traces of tetranitrotoluene-based explosive substances aerosol spraying on the surface of combined indicator composition, which includes cocobenzyldimethylammonium chloride; alkyldimethylamine; alkylbenzosulphonate; glyoxal; glycerol; non-ionogenic surface-active substance (OP-7); oxalic acid; sodium tripolyphosphate; dithizone; water, is performed. Combined indicator composition is applied by irrigation of analysed surface by means of aerosol device from distance 0.1-0.2 m from it from leeward side with consumption 0.6-0.7 l/sq. m.

EFFECT: invention realisation makes it possible to carry out deactivation and disinfection after not less than 0,5 h after carrying out processing and detection of traces of tetranitrotoluene-based explosive substances by appearance of characteristic indication effect - brown colouring on object surface, 3-6 min after application of combined indicator composition, remaining for a long time.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of methods for the integrated conduct of decontamination, disinfection and rapid detection of traces of explosives based on polynitroaromatic compounds such as tetranitrotoluene.

In the complex of anti-epidemic and sanitary-hygienic measures carried out in infectious foci, an important element is the disinfection of surfaces of objects.

Due to the complex nature of possible infection after terrorist attacks, it is important to develop ways to simultaneously decontaminate and disinfect surfaces of infected objects.

In the case of the possible commission of acts of sabotage with the use of explosives, the detection of traces of explosives in the foci of destruction is also relevant.

A known method of decontamination of surfaces of objects using an aerosol decontamination agent containing monohydroxy alcohol, propellant, alkylbenzenesulfonate, nonionic surfactant, organic acid, complexing agent and water in the following ratio of components, mass. percent (patent for the invention №2124769 from 01/10/1999):

alkylbenzenesulfonate or sulfonol - 0.5-5;

polyphosphate (sodium hexametaphosphate) - 0.3-0.5;

monohydroxy alcohol (ethyl, isopropyl or isobutyl) - 2.0-5.0;

nonionic surfactant (OP-7 or OP-10) - 0.1-1.5;

organic (oxalic or citric) acid - 0.5-2.0;

anticorrosive substance (sodium hexametaphosphate) - 0.5-1.0;

complexing agent (dithizone) - 0.02-0.04;

water - 90.0-95.0;

propellant (dichlorodifluoromethane) - 8.0-85.0.

However, this method is only suitable for decontamination.

A known method of disinfecting surfaces of objects using recipes based on quaternary ammonium compounds (hereinafter HOUR), for example, the substance "BTC 50 RU" manufactured by "STEPAN EUROPE" France ("Stepan Europe", France) (benzalkonium chloride) is an aqueous solution of the main substance - alkyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride - 51% and impurities of alkyl (C ₁₂ -C ₁₆ ) dimethylamine - not more than 1%. Using this recipe, you can only disinfect the surfaces of objects.

The disadvantage of the above existing methods is their monofunctionality, that is, the use only for decontamination (first method) or disinfection (second method) of the surfaces of objects.

Previously, the ability of compounds belonging to the HOUR class to be used to detect explosives based on polynitroaromatic compounds was established.

So known is a method for the rapid detection of explosives based on polynitroaromatic compounds on the surfaces of various objects using a formulation containing an aqueous-alcoholic solution of tetrabutylammonium hydroxide and glycerol (patent for the invention No. 2369444 of March 21, 2008).

The technical result achieved by the present invention is to expand the operational capabilities of the method of complex processing of objects due to the simultaneous decontamination, disinfection and rapid detection of traces of explosives based on tetranitrotoluene.

This technical result is achieved by the fact that we propose a method of complex processing of objects using a combined indicator composition for processing rooms after terrorist acts, which is a water-alcohol solution of alkylbenzenesulfonate, nonionic surfactant, organic acid, anticorrosive substance and complexing agent, for simultaneous complex decontamination, disinfection of surfaces of objects and express detection on the surface the traces of explosives based on tetranitrotoluene produce aerosol spraying on the analyzed surface of the combined indicator composition, which includes the following components in the mass ratio. %:

cocobenzyl dimethyl ammonium chloride - 27.2-33.4;

alkyldimethylamine 1.0-1.1;

alkylbenzenesulfonate - 6.1-8.3;

glyoxal - 1.1-1.3;

glycerol - 3.1-6.2;

nonionic surfactant (OP-7) - 0.7-1.9;

oxalic acid - 0.6-2.3;

sodium tripolyphosphate - 0.7-1.3;

dithizone - 0.05-0.09;

water - up to 100%,

moreover, aerosol spraying of the combined indicator composition to this surface is carried out from a distance of 10-20 cm from the leeward side with a fine aerosol with a flow rate of the combined indicator composition of 0.6-0.7 l / m2, the presence of traces of explosives based on tetranitrotoluene is determined by the appearance later 3-6 minutes of characteristic brown staining, not disappearing for a long time, and the exposure time of the combined indicator composition on the surface to ensure decontamination and disinfection The projection is at least 0.5 hours.

A method of complex processing of objects using a combined indicator composition for processing rooms after terrorist acts is a water-alcohol solution of alkyl benzene sulfonate, a nonionic surfactant, an organic acid, an anti-corrosion substance and a complexing agent, for simultaneous complex decontamination, disinfection of object surfaces and rapid detection on the surfaces of traces of explosives based on tetranitrotoluene producing aerosol spray to the surface being analyzed combined indicator composition comprising the following components in a weight ratio. %:

cocobenzyl dimethyl ammonium chloride - 27.2-33.4;

alkyldimethylamine 1.0-1.1;

alkylbenzenesulfonate - 6.1-8.3;

glyoxal - 1.1-1.3;

glycerol - 3.1-6.2;

nonionic surfactant (OP-7) - 0.7-1.9;

oxalic acid - 0.6-2.3;

sodium tripolyphosphate - 0.7-1.3;

dithizone - 0.05-0.09;

water - up to 100%,

moreover, aerosol spraying of the combined indicator composition to this surface is carried out from a distance of 10-20 cm from the leeward side with a fine aerosol with a flow rate of the combined indicator composition of 0.6-0.7 l / m2, the presence of traces of explosives based on tetranitrotoluene is determined by the appearance later 3-6 minutes of characteristic brown staining, not disappearing for a long time, and the exposure time of the combined indicator composition on the surface to ensure decontamination and disinfection The projection is at least 0.5 hours.

In this method, a combined indicator composition is used in a special aerosol device. The aerosol device is a spray can of various volumes, equipped with a sprayer and filled with a combined indicator composition. Spraying of the composition is carried out due to the pressure of compressed air created using a spray pump.

The detection of polynitroaromatic compounds such as tetranitrotoluene is based on the reaction that occurs when a substance belonging to the class of quaternary ammonium compounds reacts with a solution of a polynitroaromatic compound, which leads to the appearance of a characteristic brown stain, and the staining appears for a long time (more than 5 days).

The advantages of using this method with an aerosol device over known methods are as follows:

no need for direct contact of the operator with the analyzed surface;

the multiple use of one package (at least 100 times), which allows you to repeatedly process the surface of the object;

ensuring operability in the temperature range from 0 ° С to plus 50 ° С;

provides a large area of processing and control;

ensuring the safety of the operator, since the combined indicator composition is prepared on the basis of alcohol solutions and is non-toxic, in case of contact with exposed skin, it is enough to wash it off with soap and water;

Freon with its ozone-depleting potential is not used;

the duration of use of the aerosol device, since it is made of polymeric materials and is corrosion-resistant and shockproof;

in the case of detection of polynitroaromatic compounds such as tetranitrotoluene, sampling is not required with their subsequent processing and analysis in a specialized laboratory;

ease of use;

ensuring operability in the presence of possible impurities (oil, fuel, etc.);

allows for processing and rapid detection on vertical, inclined and horizontal surfaces;

a contrasting and time-stable indicative effect is provided when polynitroaromatic compounds such as tetranitrotoluene are detected, which lasts a long time.

Experimental studies have shown that the best effect is achieved when using a composition consisting of (wt.%):

cocobenzyl dimethyl ammonium chloride - 27.2-33.4;

alkyldimethylamine 1.0-1.1;

alkylbenzenesulfonate - 6.1-8.3;

glyoxal - 1.1-1.3;

glycerol - 3.1-6.2;

nonionic surfactant (OP-7) - 0.7-1.9;

oxalic acid - 0.6-2.3;

sodium tripolyphosphate - 0.7-1.3;

dithizone - 0.05-0.09;

water - up to 100%.

With a lower content of cocobenzyl dimethylammonium chloride and alkylbenzenesulfonate, the required quality of disinfection, decontamination and the visibility of the obtained indication effect are not ensured, and the use of their higher concentrations is impractical due to a further slight increase in the disinfecting effect, increased destructive effect on processed products and adverse effects on human health.

To disinfect, deactivate and detect traces of explosives based on tetranitrotoluene directly on the surface of objects using an aerosol device, the following operations are carried out:

remove the cap from the spray pump, bring the aerosol device at a distance of 10-20 cm from the surface to be monitored, taking into account the direction of the wind;

repeatedly pressing the button or handle of the spray pump, spray the combined indicator composition onto the surface to be examined;

if there are traces of polynitroaromatic compounds such as tetranitrotoluene, observe the appearance of an indication effect on the controlled surface. The appearance of a brown color in accordance with the standard indicates the presence on the surface of explosives based on tetranitrotoluene. The indication effect persists for a long time (several days).

In cases where the indication effect is not obvious, and also when the surface color coincides with the color of the indication effect, a cotton-gauze disk or a strip of filter paper was moistened with a combined indicator composition, they wiped the analyzed surface with an area of about 100 cm ² and the appearance of the indication effect on the filter surface was observed paper. It is possible to apply the combined indicator composition directly to the surface to be examined, followed by wiping it with a cotton-gauze disk.

In order to detect polynitroaromatic compounds of the tetranitrotoluene type under the conditions of the experiment, stainless steel, aluminum, tile and XB-518 painted with 100 cm ² paint were applied to the plates by irrigation using a 1% alcohol solution of tetranitrotoluene. The application of tetranitrotoluene solution on the surface was carried out by spraying it using an aerosol device. The dispersion of the aerosol combined indicator composition was 100-200 microns. After applying the solution, the surfaces were kept at the test temperature (0 ° С, plus 20 and plus 50 ° С) for at least 0.5 hours.

After 0.5 h, 1 h and 2 h after applying tetranitrotoluene solution to the plates, cotton-gauze disks or strips of filter paper from the aerosol device were wetted with a combined indicator composition. Then, sampling was carried out by rubbing them over the entire treated surface without violating its integrity for 1 min.

On other plates with a solution of tetranitrotoluene, as well as on cotton-gauze discs and strips of filter paper obtained after surface treatment, from the aerosol device, the proposed combined indicator composition with a flow rate of 0.4-1.0 l / m ² .

The appearance of a characteristic indicator effect on cotton gauze disks and filter strips was observed.

In the case of spraying the combined indicator composition from the aerosol device directly onto the analyzed surface, the appearance of an indication effect on this surface was observed. The time of occurrence of the indicator effect was recorded. The test results are shown in the table.

The results of the tests showed that the proposed method for complex special surface treatment of objects with a combined indicator composition based on quaternary ammonium compounds in an aerosol device without the use of additional devices and reagents provides decontamination, disinfection and detection of traces of polynitroaromatic compounds such as tetranitrotoluene on various surfaces in the temperature range from 0 ° C to plus 50 ° C 2 hours after surface treatment Oromo TNT.

The time of occurrence of the indicator effect when applying the combined indicator composition to the test surface treated with 1% tetranitrotoluene solution is 25-70 seconds, depending on the surface temperature.

Thus, the proposed method provides rapid detection of polynitroaromatic compounds such as tetranitrotoluene on the surfaces of objects in a wide range of operating temperatures.

The results of evaluating the bactericidal ability of the method using a combined indicator composition for the inactivation of microorganisms confirmed the possibility of disinfection at an exposure time of 30-120 minutes.

Testing the method based on the combined indicator composition for decontamination of the surfaces of objects confirmed the ability to reduce the power of the exposure dose of gamma radiation.

The aerosol device (hereinafter AC) has a low cost, optimal weight and size characteristics, provides a low specific consumption of the combined indicator composition, when spraying the required dispersion and uniformity of the spray torch are achieved. Each aerosol device is labeled by offset printing on self-adhesive white semi-gloss paper that is resistant to aggressive media.

Label contains:

Conditional and full name of the product;

volume of the combined indicator composition;

information about the purpose of the AU and the method of its use;

indication effect upon detection of polynitroaromatic compounds such as tetranitrotoluene;

production date;

shelf life.

Aerosol devices can be supplied as a kit. This kit is designed for decontamination, disinfection and rapid detection of polynitroaromatic compounds such as tetranitrotoluene on horizontal, inclined and vertical surfaces. The kit is shown below.

aerosol device pcs., 2  including spray pump one case, pcs. one combined indicator composition from 0.15 to 1.5 liters label, pcs. one set of accessories, pcs., one including spray pump one cotton-gauze disk with a diameter of 60 mm, pcs. one hundred operational documentation, set one cardboard packaging, pcs. one

The main characteristics of the kit for decontamination, disinfection and rapid detection of polynitroaromatic compounds such as tetranitrotoluene are determined:

preparation time for work, no more, min one

detection time of polynitroaromatic compounds of the type

tetranitrotoluene, no more than min four time to save the indicator effect, at least hours one threshold sensitivity, mg / ml 5 · 10 ^-1 operating temperature range, ° С 0 - plus 50 AU mass, kg from 0.15 to 1.5 size of detected drops, not less than, microns 150 frequency of use, not less than, times fifty warranty period of storage, not less than, years 2

Scopes of a set:

Carrying out decontamination, disinfection and rapid detection of traces of tetranitrotoluene after terrorist attacks by aerosol irrigation of the surfaces of objects;

detection of spills (spills), contamination and surface cleanliness of containers used for the transport of explosives based on polynitroaromatic compounds such as tetranitrotoluene;

quality control of washing surfaces of objects from traces of polynitroaromatic compounds such as tetranitrotoluene;

identification of persons involved in the use for terrorist purposes of polynitroaromatic compounds such as tetranitrotoluene.

The proposed technical solution is industrially applicable, since standard equipment and widespread materials and chemical reagents can be used for its implementation.

Claims (1)

The method of complex processing of objects using a combined indicator composition for processing rooms after terrorist acts, which is a water-alcohol solution of alkylbenzenesulfonate, nonionic surfactant, organic acid, anticorrosive substance and complexing agent, characterized in that for the simultaneous complex decontamination, disinfection of surfaces objects and express detection on the surfaces of traces of explosives based on tetras nitrotoluene produce an aerosol spray to the surface being analyzed combined indicator composition comprising the following components in a weight ratio. %:
cocobenzyl dimethyl ammonium chloride 27.2-33.4 alkyldimethylamine 1.0-1.1 alkylbenzenesulfonate 6.1-8.3 glyoxal 1.1-1.3 glycerol 3.1-6.2 nonionic surfactant (OP-7) 0.7-1.9 oxalic acid 0.6-2.3 sodium tripolyphosphate 0.7-1.3 dithizon 0.05-0.09 water up to 100%
moreover, aerosol spraying of the combined indicator composition to this surface is carried out from a distance of 10-20 cm from the leeward side with a fine aerosol with a flow rate of the combined indicator composition of 0.6-0.7 l / m2, the presence of traces of explosives based on tetranitrotoluene is determined by the appearance later 3-6 minutes of characteristic brown staining, not disappearing for a long time, and the exposure time of the combined indicator composition on the surface to ensure decontamination and disinfection The projection is at least 0.5 hours.