RU2567833C1 - Method of complex processing of objects with application of polyfunctional composition for disinfection, deactivation and express-detection of explosive substances - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: to carry out complex deactivation, disinfection and detection of traces of tetranitrotoluene-based explosive substances aerosol spraying on the surface of combined indicator composition, which includes polyhexamethylenguanidine hydrochloride; catamine AB; alkylbenzolsulphonate; methyl alcohol; non-ionogenic surface-active substance (OP-10); citric acid; sodium hexamethaphosphate; dithizine; water, is performed. Polyfunctional composition is applied by irrigation of analysed surface by means of aerosol device from distance 0.1-0.2 m from it from leeward side with consumption 0.6-0.7 l/sq. m. Polyfunctional composition is applied by irrigation of analysing surface due to aerosol device from distance 0.1-0.15 m from it from leeward side with discharge 0.5-0.6 l/m².

EFFECT: invention realisation makes it possible to carry out deactivation and disinfection after not less than 0,5 h after carrying out processing and realise detection of traces of dinitrotoluene-based explosive substances by appearance of characteristic indication effect - brown colouring on object surface, 4-5 minutes after application of polyfunctional composition, remaining for a long time.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of methods for the integrated conduct of decontamination, disinfection and rapid detection of traces of explosives based on polynitroaromatic compounds such as dinitrotoluene.

In the complex of anti-epidemic and sanitary-hygienic measures carried out in infectious foci, an important element is the disinfection of surfaces of objects.

Due to the complex nature of possible infection after terrorist attacks, it is important to develop ways to simultaneously decontaminate and disinfect surfaces of infected objects.

In the case of the possible commission of acts of sabotage with the use of explosives, the detection of traces of explosives in the foci of destruction is also relevant.

A known method of decontamination of surfaces of objects using an aerosol decontamination agent containing monohydroxy alcohol, propellant, alkylbenzenesulfonate, nonionic surfactant, organic acid, complexing agent and water in the following ratio of components, mass. percent (patent for the invention №2124769 from 01/10/1999):

alkylbenzenesulfonate or sulfonol - 0.5-5;

polyphosphate (sodium hexametaphosphate) - 0.3-0.5;

monohydroxy alcohol (ethyl, isopropyl or isobutyl) - 2.0-5.0;

nonionic surfactant (OP-7 or OP-10) - 0.1-1.5;

organic (oxalic or citric) acid - 0.5-2.0;

anticorrosive substance (sodium hexametaphosphate) - 0.5-1.0;

complexing agent (dithizone) - 0.02-0.04;

water - 90.0-95.0;

propellant (dichlorodifluoromethane) - 8.0-85.0.

However, this method is only suitable for decontamination.

A known method of disinfecting surfaces of objects using recipes based on Quaternary ammonium compounds (hereinafter HOUR), for example, the substance "BTC 50 RU" manufactured by STEPAN EUROPE France (Stepan Europe, France) (benzalkonium chloride) is an aqueous solution of the main substance - alkyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride - 51% and impurities of alkyl (C ₁₂ -C ₁₆ ) dimethylamine - not more than 1%. Using this recipe, you can only disinfect the surfaces of objects.

The disadvantage of the above existing methods is their monofunctionality, that is, the use only for decontamination (first method) or disinfection (second method) of the surfaces of objects.

The ability of compounds belonging to the class of HOURs to be used to detect explosives based on polynitroaromatic compounds (dinitrotoluene, trinitrotoluene, tetranitrotoluene) was previously established.

So known is a method for the rapid detection of explosives based on polynitroaromatic compounds on the surfaces of various objects using a formulation containing an aqueous-alcoholic solution of tetrabutylammonium hydroxide and glycerol (patent for the invention No. 2369444 of March 21, 2008).

The technical result achieved by the present invention is to expand the operational capabilities of the method of complex processing of objects due to the simultaneous decontamination, disinfection and rapid detection of traces of explosives based on dinitrotoluene.

This technical result is achieved by the fact that we propose a method for complex processing of objects using a multifunctional composition for disinfection, decontamination and rapid detection of explosives, which is a water-alcohol solution of alkyl benzene sulfonate, a nonionic surfactant, organic acid, an anti-corrosion substance and a complexing agent, for simultaneous comprehensive decontamination, disinfection of surfaces of objects and express detection on surfaces of traces of explosives based on dinitrotoluene produce aerosol spraying on the analyzed surface of a multifunctional composition, including the following components in the ratio, mass. %:

polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride - 6.7-19.0;

catamine AB - 4.2-6.9;

alkylbenzenesulfonate 4.7-6.7;

formaldehyde - 0.7-0.9;

methyl alcohol - 1.5-4.0;

nonionic surfactant (OP-10) - 0.3-1.3;

citric acid - 0.4-1.75;

sodium hexametaphosphate - 0.35-0.9;

dithizone - 0.03-0.06;

water - up to 100%,

moreover, aerosol spraying of a multifunctional composition to this surface is carried out from a distance of 10-15 cm on the leeward side with a fine aerosol with a flow rate of a multifunctional composition of 0.5-0.6 l / m ² , the presence of traces of explosives based on dinitrotoluene is determined by the appearance after 4-5 minutes of characteristic brown staining, which does not disappear for a long time, and the holding time of the multifunctional composition on the surface to ensure decontamination and disinfection is at least 0.5 hours.

The method of complex processing of objects using a multifunctional composition for disinfection, decontamination and rapid detection of explosives is a water-alcohol solution of alkylbenzenesulfonate, a nonionic surfactant, organic acid, anticorrosive substance and complexing agent, for simultaneous complex decontamination, disinfection of surfaces of objects and rapid detection on the surfaces of traces of explosives based on dinitrotoluene produced odyat aerosol spray to the surface being analyzed polyfunctional composition comprising the following components at the ratio, by weight. %:

polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride - 6.7-19.0;

catamine AB - 4.2-6.9;

alkylbenzenesulfonate 4.7-6.7;

formaldehyde - 0.7-0.9;

methyl alcohol - 1.5-4.0;

nonionic surfactant (OP-10) - 0.3-1.3;

citric acid - 0.4-1.75;

sodium hexametaphosphate - 0.35-0.9;

dithizone - 0.03-0.06;

water - up to 100%,

moreover, aerosol spraying of a multifunctional composition to this surface is carried out from a distance of 10-15 cm on the leeward side with a fine aerosol with a flow rate of a multifunctional composition of 0.5-0.6 l / m ² , the presence of traces of explosives based on dinitrotoluene is determined by the appearance after 4-5 minutes of characteristic brown staining, which does not disappear for a long time, and the holding time of the multifunctional composition on the surface to ensure decontamination and disinfection is at least 0.5 hours.

In this method, a multifunctional composition is used in a special aerosol device. The aerosol device is a spray can of various volumes, equipped with a spray and filled with a multifunctional composition. The spraying of the multifunctional composition is carried out due to the pressure of the compressed air generated by the spray pump.

The detection of polynitroaromatic compounds of the dinitrotoluene type is based on the reaction occurring during the interaction of a substance belonging to the class of quaternary ammonium compounds with a solution of a polynitroaromatic compound, which leads to the appearance of a characteristic brown stain, and the staining that appears remains for a long time (more than 5 days).

The advantages of using this method with an aerosol device over known methods are as follows:

no need for direct contact of the operator with the analyzed surface;

the multiple use of one package (at least 100 times), which allows you to repeatedly process the surface of the object;

ensuring operability in the temperature range from 0 ° С to plus 50 ° С;

provides a large area of processing and control;

ensuring the safety of the operator, since the multifunctional composition is based on alcohol solutions and is non-toxic, in case of contact with exposed skin, it is enough to wash it off with soap and water;

Freon with its ozone-depleting potential is not used;

the duration of use of the aerosol device, since it is made of polymeric materials and is corrosion-resistant and shockproof.

If polynitroaromatic compounds such as dinitrotoluene are detected, sampling is not required, followed by their processing and analysis in a specialized laboratory;

ease of use;

ensuring operability in the presence of possible impurities (oil, fuel, etc.);

allows for processing and rapid detection on vertical, inclined and horizontal surfaces;

a contrasting and time-stable indicative effect is provided when polynitroaromatic compounds such as dinitrotoluene are detected, which lasts a long time.

Experimental studies have shown that the best effect is achieved when using a composition consisting of (wt.%):

polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride - 6.7-19.0

Catamine AB - 4.2-6.9

alkylbenzenesulfonate 4.7-6.7;

formaldehyde - 0.7-0.9;

methyl alcohol - 1.5-4.0;

nonionic surfactant (OP-10) - 0.3-1.3;

citric acid - 0.4-1.75;

sodium hexametaphosphate - 0.35-0.9;

dithizone - 0.03-0.06;

water - up to 100%.

With a lower content of polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride, catamine AB and alkylbenzenesulfonate, the required quality of disinfection, deactivation and visualization of the obtained indication effect is not ensured, and the use of their higher concentrations is impractical due to a further slight increase in the disinfecting effect, increased destructive effect on the processed products and adverse effects people.

For disinfection, decontamination and detection of traces of explosives based on dinitrotoluene directly on the surface of objects using an aerosol device, the following operations are carried out:

remove the cap from the spray pump, bring the aerosol device at a distance of 10-15 cm from the surface to be monitored, taking into account the direction of the wind;

repeatedly pressing the button or handle of the spray pump, spray the multifunctional composition onto the surface to be examined;

if there are traces of polynitroaromatic compounds such as dinitrotoluene, observe the appearance of an indication effect on the controlled surface. The appearance of a brown color in accordance with the standard indicates the presence on the surface of explosives based on polynitroaromatic compounds such as dinitrotoluene. The indication effect persists for a long time (several days).

In cases where the indication effect is not visible, and also when the surface color coincides with the color of the indication effect, a cotton-gauze disk or a strip of filter paper was wetted with a polyfunctional composition, they wiped the analyzed surface with an area of about 100 cm ² and the appearance of the indication effect on the surface of the filter paper was observed . It is possible to apply a multifunctional composition directly to the surface to be examined, followed by wiping it with a cotton-gauze disk.

In order to detect polynitroaromatic compounds, dinitrotoluene, in the conditions of the experiment, stainless steel, aluminum, and tiles were painted and painted with XB-518 paint with an area of 100 cm ² by irrigation using a 1% alcohol solution of dinitrotoluene. The application of dinitrotoluene solution on the surface was carried out by spraying it using an aerosol device. The dispersion of the aerosol polyfunctional composition was 100-200 microns. After applying the solution, the surfaces were kept at the test temperature (0 ° С, plus 20 and plus 50 ° С) for at least 0.5 hours.

After 0.5 h, 1 h and 2 h after application of dinitrotoluene solution to the plates, cotton-gauze disks or strips of filter paper from the aerosol device were wetted with a multifunctional composition. Then, sampling was carried out by rubbing them over the entire treated surface without violating its integrity for 1 min.

On other plates with a dinitrotoluene solution, as well as on cotton-gauze disks and filter paper strips obtained after surface treatment, the proposed multifunctional composition with a flow rate of 0.5-0.6 l / m was applied from an aerosol device from a distance of 10-15 cm ² .

The appearance of a characteristic indicator effect on cotton gauze disks and filter strips was observed.

In the case of spraying a multifunctional composition from an aerosol device directly onto the analyzed surface, the appearance of an indication effect on this surface was observed. The time of occurrence of the indicator effect was recorded. The test results are shown in the table.

The results of the tests showed that the proposed method of complex processing of objects using a multifunctional composition based on quaternary ammonium compounds in an aerosol device without the use of additional devices and reagents provides decontamination, disinfection and detection of traces of polynitroaromatic compounds such as dinitrotoluene on various surfaces in the temperature range from 0 ° C to plus 50 ° C 2 hours after surface treatment with dinitrotoluene solution.

The time of the appearance of the indicator effect when applying a multifunctional composition to the test surface treated with 1% dinitrotoluene solution is 25-70 seconds, depending on the surface temperature.

Thus, the proposed method provides rapid detection of polynitroaromatic compounds based on dinitrotoluene on the surfaces of objects in a wide range of operating temperatures.

The results of evaluating the bactericidal ability of the method using a multifunctional composition for the inactivation of microorganisms confirmed the possibility of disinfection at an exposure time of 30-120 minutes.

Testing the method on the basis of a multifunctional composition for conducting decontamination of the surfaces of objects confirmed the ability to reduce the power of the exposure dose of gamma radiation.

The aerosol device (hereinafter AC) has a low cost, optimal weight and size characteristics, provides a low specific consumption of a multifunctional composition, when spraying the required dispersion and uniformity of the spray torch are achieved. Each aerosol device is labeled by offset printing on self-adhesive white semi-gloss paper that is resistant to aggressive media.

Label contains:

Conditional and full name of the product;

volume of multifunctional composition;

information about the purpose of the AU and the method of its use;

indication effect upon detection of polynitroaromatic compounds such as dinitrotoluene;

production date;

shelf life.

Aerosol devices can be supplied as a kit. This kit is designed for decontamination, disinfection and rapid detection of polynitroaromatic compounds such as dinitrotoluene on horizontal, inclined and vertical surfaces. The kit is shown below.

aerosol device, pcs., including 2 spray pump one case, pcs. one multifunctional composition from 0.15 to 1.5 liters label, pcs. one set of accessories, pcs., including: one spray pump one cotton-gauze disk with a diameter of 60 mm, pcs. one hundred operational documentation, set one cardboard packaging, pcs. one

The main characteristics of the kit for decontamination, disinfection and rapid detection of polynitroaromatic compounds such as dinitrotoluene are determined:

preparation time for work, no more, min one

detection time of polynitroaromatic compounds of the type

dinitrotoluene, not more than, min four time to save the indicator effect, at least hours one threshold sensitivity, mg / ml 5 · 10 ^-1 operating temperature range, ° С 0 - plus 50 AU mass, kg from 0.15 to 1.5 size of detected drops, not less than, microns 150 frequency of use, not less than, times fifty warranty period of storage, not less than, years 2

Scopes of the kit

Carrying out decontamination, disinfection and rapid detection of traces of polynitroaromatic compounds such as dinitrotoluene after terrorist attacks by aerosol irrigation of the surfaces of objects;

identification of spills (spills), contamination and surface cleanliness of containers used for the transport of explosives based on polynitroaromatic compounds such as dinitrotoluene;

quality control of washing surfaces of objects from traces of polynitroaromatic compounds such as dinitrotoluene;

identification of persons involved in the use for terrorist purposes of polynitroaromatic compounds such as dinitrotoluene.

The proposed technical solution is industrially applicable, since standard equipment and widespread materials and chemical reagents can be used for its implementation.

Claims (1)

The method of complex processing of objects using a multifunctional composition for disinfection, decontamination and rapid detection of explosives, which is a water-alcohol solution of alkylbenzenesulfonate, a nonionic surfactant, organic acid, anticorrosive substance and complexing agent, characterized in that for the simultaneous complex decontamination , disinfection of surfaces of objects and express detection on the surfaces of traces of explosives based on ve dinitrotoluene produce aerosol spraying on the analyzed surface of a multifunctional composition, including the following components in a ratio, wt.%:
polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride - 6.7-19.0;
catamine AB - 4.2-6.9;
alkylbenzenesulfonate 4.7-6.7;
formaldehyde - 0.7-0.9;
methyl alcohol - 1.5-4.0;
nonionic surfactant (OP-10) - 0.3-1.3;
citric acid - 0.4-1.75;
sodium hexametaphosphate - 0.35-0.9;
dithizone - 0.03-0.06;
water - up to 100%,
moreover, aerosol spraying of a multifunctional composition onto a given surface is carried out from a distance of 10-15 cm from the leeward with a finely dispersed aerosol with a flow rate of a multifunctional composition of 0.5-0.6 l / m ² , the presence of traces of explosives based on dinitrotoluene is determined by the appearance after 4-5 minutes of characteristic brown staining, which does not disappear for a long time, and the holding time of the multifunctional composition on the surface to ensure decontamination and disinfection is at least 0.5 hours.