RU2567841C1 - Method for combined treatment of objects using combined indicator composition - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: method includes aerosol spraying of the surface with a combined indicator composition which includes benzalkonium chloride, alkyl dimethylamine, alkylbenzene sulphonate, formaldehyde, ethyl alcohol, a nonionic surfactant (OP-7), citric acid, orthophosphoric acid, dithizone and water. The composition is applied by spraying the analysed surface using an aerosol device at a distance of 0.1-0.2 m from the surface on the leeward side at a rate of 0.4-0.6 l/m². Decontamination and disinfection is provided not less than 0.6 hour after treatment. Detection of traces of trinitrotoluene-based explosives is based on the appearance of a brown colour on the surface of the object 5-6 minutes after application of the combined indicator composition.

EFFECT: invention enables combined decontamination, disinfection and detection of traces of explosives.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of methods for the integrated conduct of decontamination, disinfection and rapid detection of traces of explosives based on polynitroaromatic compounds such as trinitrotoluene.

In the complex of anti-epidemic and sanitary-hygienic measures carried out in infectious foci, an important element is the disinfection of surfaces of objects.

Due to the complex nature of possible infection, it is important to develop methods for simultaneously decontamination and disinfection of the surfaces of infected objects.

In the case of the possible commission of acts of sabotage with the use of explosives, the detection of traces of explosives in the foci of destruction is also relevant.

A known method of surface decontamination of objects using an aerosol decontamination agent containing monohydroxy alcohol, propellant, alkylbenzenesulfonate, nonionic surfactant, organic acid, complexing agent and water in the following ratio of components, wt.% (Patent for the invention No. 2144769 from 01/10/1999) :

alkylbenzenesulfonate or sulfonol 0.5-5 polyphosphate (sodium hexametaphosphate) 0.3-0.5 monohydroxy alcohol (ethyl, isopropyl or isobutyl) 2.0-5.0 nonionic surfactant (OP-7 or OP-10) 0.1-1.5 organic (oxalic or citric) acid 0.5-2.0 anticorrosive substance (sodium hexametaphosphate) 0.5-1.0 complexing agent (dithizone) 0.02-0.04 water 90.0-95.0 propellant (dichlorodifluoromethane) 8.0-85.0

However, this method is only suitable for decontamination.

A known method of disinfecting surfaces of objects using recipes based on quaternary ammonium compounds (hereinafter HOUR), for example, the substance "BTC 50 RU" manufactured by "STEPAN EUROPE" France ("Stepan Europe", France) (benzalkonium chloride) is an aqueous solution of the main substance - alkyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride - 51% and impurities of alkyl (C ₁₂ -C ₁₆ ) dimethylamine - not more than 1%. Using this recipe, you can only disinfect the surfaces of objects.

The disadvantage of the above existing methods is their monofunctionality, that is, the use only for decontamination (first method) or disinfection (second method) of the surfaces of objects.

Previously, the ability of compounds belonging to the HOUR class to be used to detect explosives based on polynitroaromatic compounds was established.

So known is a method for the rapid detection of explosives based on polynitroaromatic compounds on the surfaces of various objects using a formulation containing a water-alcohol solution of tetrabutylammonium hydroxide and glycerol (patent for the invention No. 2369444 of 03/21/2008).

The technical result achieved by the invention is to expand the operational capabilities of the method of complex processing of objects due to the simultaneous decontamination, disinfection and rapid detection of traces of explosives based on trinitrotoluene.

This technical result is achieved by the fact that the proposed method of complex processing of objects using a combined indicator composition, which is a water-alcohol solution of alkylbenzenesulfonate, a nonionic surfactant, an organic acid, an anticorrosive substance and a complexing agent, for simultaneous complex decontamination, disinfection of surfaces of objects and rapid detection on the surfaces of traces of explosives based on trinitrotoluene produce an aerosol spray to the surface being analyzed combined indicator composition comprising the following components at the ratio, wt.%:

benzalkonium chloride 24.3-31.6 alkyldimethylamine 1,0 alkylbenzenesulfonate 5.5-7.2 formaldehyde 0.8-1.1 ethanol 1.8-5.2 nonionic surfactant (OP-7) 0.4-1.7 lemon acid 0.4-2.2 orthophosphoric acid 0.4-1.2 dithizon 0.03-0.09 water up to 100%

moreover, aerosol spraying of the combined indicator composition to this surface is carried out from 10-20 cm from the leeward side with a fine aerosol with a consumption of the combined indicator composition of 0.4-0.6 l / m ² , the presence of traces of explosives based on trinitrotoluene is determined by the appearance after 5 -6 min characteristic brown staining, not fading for a long time, and the exposure time of the combined indicator composition on the surface to ensure decontamination and disinfection at least 0.6 hours

A method of complex processing of objects using a combined indicator composition is a water-alcohol solution of alkylbenzenesulfonate, a nonionic surfactant, an organic acid, an anticorrosive substance and a complexing agent, for the simultaneous complex decontamination, disinfection of object surfaces and rapid detection of explosive traces on surfaces the basis of trinitrotoluene produce aerosol spraying on the analyzed surface to mbinirovannogo indicator composition comprising the following components at the ratio, wt.%:

benzalkonium chloride 24.3-31.6 alkyldimethylamine 1,0 alkylbenzenesulfonate 5.5-7.2 formaldehyde 0.8-1.1 ethanol 1.8-5.2 nonionic surfactant (OP-7) 0.4-1.7 lemon acid 0.4-2.2 orthophosphoric acid 0.4-1.2 dithizon 0.03-0.09 water up to 100%

moreover, aerosol spraying of the combined indicator composition to this surface is carried out from 10-20 cm from the leeward side with a fine aerosol with a consumption of the combined indicator composition of 0.4-0.6 l / m ^{2 the} presence of traces of explosives based on trinitrotoluene is determined by the appearance after 5- 6 min of characteristic brown staining, which does not disappear for a long time, and the holding time of the combined indicator composition on the surface to ensure decontamination and disinfection It leaves at least 0.6 hours.

In this method, a combined indicator composition is used in a special aerosol device. The aerosol device is a spray can of various volumes, equipped with a sprayer and filled with a combined indicator composition. The spraying of the combined indicator composition is carried out due to the pressure of the compressed air generated by the spray pump.

The detection of polynitroaromatic compounds such as trinitrotoluene is based on the reaction that occurs when a substance belonging to the class of quaternary ammonium compounds reacts with a solution of a polynitroaromatic compound, which leads to the appearance of a characteristic brown stain, and the staining appears for a long time (more than 5 days).

The advantages of using this method with an aerosol device over known methods are as follows:

no need for direct contact of the operator with the analyzed surface;

the multiple use of one package (at least 100 times), which allows you to repeatedly process the surface of the object;

ensuring operability in the temperature range from 0 ° C to plus 50 ° C;

provides a large area of processing and control;

ensuring the safety of the operator, since the combined indicator composition is prepared on the basis of alcohol solutions and is non-toxic, in case of contact with exposed skin, it is enough to wash it off with soap and water;

Freon with its ozone-depleting potential is not used;

the duration of use of the aerosol device, since it is made of polymeric materials and is corrosion-resistant and shockproof;

in case of detection of polynitroaromatic compounds such as trinitrotoluene, sampling is not required with their subsequent processing and analysis in a specialized laboratory;

ease of use;

ensuring operability in the presence of possible impurities (oil, fuel, etc.);

allows for processing and rapid detection on vertical, inclined and horizontal surfaces;

a contrasting and time-stable indicative effect is provided when polynitroaromatic compounds such as trinitrotoluene are detected, which lasts a long time.

Experimental studies have shown that the best effect is achieved when using a composition consisting of, wt.%:

benzalkonium chloride 24.3-31.6 alkyldimethylamine 1,0 alkylbenzenesulfonate 5.5-7.2 formaldehyde 0.8-1.1 ethanol 1.8-5.2 nonionic surfactant (OP-7) 0.4-1.7 lemon acid 0.4-2.2 orthophosphoric acid 0.4-1.2 dithizon 0.03-0.09 water up to 100%

With a lower content of benzalkonium chloride and alkylbenzenesulfonate, the required quality of disinfection, decontamination, and the visibility of the obtained indication effect are not ensured, and the use of their higher concentrations is inappropriate due to a further slight increase in the disinfecting effect, increased destructive effect on processed products and adverse effects on human health.

To carry out disinfection, decontamination and detection of traces of explosives based on trinitrotoluene directly on the surface of objects using an aerosol device, the following operations are carried out:

remove the cap from the spray pump, bring the aerosol device at a distance of 10-20 cm from the surface to be monitored, taking into account the direction of the wind;

repeatedly pressing the button or handle of the spray pump, spray the combined indicator composition onto the surface to be examined;

if there are traces of polynitroaromatic compounds such as trinitrotoluene, observe the appearance of an indication effect on the controlled surface. The appearance of a brown color in accordance with the standard indicates the presence on the surface of explosives based on polynitroaromatic compounds such as trinitrotoluene. The indication effect persists for a long time (several days).

In cases where the indication effect is not obvious, and also when the surface color coincides with the color of the indication effect, a cotton-gauze disk or a strip of filter paper was moistened with a combined indicator composition, they wiped the analyzed surface with an area of about 100 cm ² and the appearance of the indication effect on the filter surface was observed paper. It is possible to apply the combined indicator composition directly to the surface to be examined, followed by wiping it with a cotton-gauze disk.

In order to detect polynitroaromatic compounds such as trinitrotoluene under the conditions of the experiment, they were applied onto stainless steel, aluminum, and tile plates painted with XB-518 paint with an area of 100 cm ² by irrigation using a 1% alcohol solution of trinitrotoluene. The solution of trinitrotoluene was applied to the surface by spraying it with an aerosol device. The dispersion of the aerosol combined indicator composition was 100-200 microns. After applying the solution, the surfaces were kept at the test temperature (0 ° C, plus 20 and plus 50 ° C) for at least 0.6 hours

After 0.6 h, 1 h and 2 h after applying trinitrotoluene solution to the plates, cotton-gauze disks or strips of filter paper from the aerosol device were wetted with a combined indicator composition. Then, sampling was carried out by rubbing them over the entire treated surface without violating its integrity for 1 min.

On other plates with a solution of trinitrotoluene, as well as on cotton-gauze disks and filter paper strips obtained after surface treatment, from the aerosol device, the proposed combined indicator composition with a flow rate of 0.4-1.0 l / m ² .

The appearance of a characteristic indicator effect on cotton gauze disks and filter strips was observed.

In the case of spraying the combined indicator composition from the aerosol device directly onto the analyzed surface, the appearance of an indication effect on this surface was observed. The time of occurrence of the indicator effect was recorded. The test results are shown in the table.

The results of the tests showed that the proposed method for complex special treatment of the surfaces of objects with a combined indicator composition based on quaternary ammonium compounds in an aerosol device without the use of additional devices and reagents provides decontamination, disinfection and detection of traces of polynitroaromatic compounds such as trinitrotoluene on various surfaces in the temperature range from 0 ° C to plus 50 ° C 2 hours after surface treatment m TNT.

The time of occurrence of the indicator effect when applying the combined indicator composition to the test surface treated with 1% trinitrotoluene solution is 25-70 s depending on the surface temperature.

Thus, the proposed method provides rapid detection of polynitroaromatic compounds such as trinitrotoluene on the surfaces of objects in a wide range of operating temperatures.

The results of evaluating the bactericidal ability of the method using a combined indicator composition for the inactivation of microorganisms confirmed the possibility of disinfection at an exposure time of 30-120 min.

Testing the method based on a combined indicator composition for decontamination of surfaces of objects confirmed the ability to reduce the exposure rate of gamma radiation.

The aerosol device (hereinafter AC) has a low cost, optimal weight and size characteristics, provides a low specific consumption of the combined indicator composition, when spraying the required dispersion and uniformity of the spray torch are achieved. Each aerosol device is labeled by offset printing on self-adhesive white semi-gloss paper that is resistant to aggressive media.

Label contains:

Conditional and full name of the product;

volume of the combined indicator composition;

information about the purpose of the AU and the method of its use;

indication effect upon detection of polynitroaromatic compounds such as trinitrotoluene;

production date;

shelf life.

Aerosol devices can be supplied as a kit. This kit is designed for decontamination, disinfection and rapid detection of polynitroaromatic compounds such as trinitrotoluene on horizontal, inclined and vertical surfaces. The kit is shown below.

Aerosol device pcs., Including 2 spray pump one case, pcs. one combined indicator composition from 0.15 to 1.5 l label, pcs. one Set of accessories, pcs., Including: one spray pump one cotton-gauze disk with a diameter of 60 mm, pcs. one hundred operational documentation, set one cardboard packaging, pcs. one

The main characteristics of the kit for decontamination, disinfection and rapid detection of polynitroaromatic compounds such as trinitrotoluene are determined:

preparation time for work, no more, min one detection time for polynitroaromatic compounds such as trinitrotoluene, not more than, min. four time to save the indicator effect, not less than, h one threshold sensitivity, mg / ml 5 · 10 ^-1 operating temperature range, ° C 0 - plus 50 AU mass, kg from 0.15 to 1.5 size of detected drops, not less than, microns 150 frequency of use, not less than, times fifty warranty period of storage, not less than, years 2

Scopes of a set:

decontamination, disinfection and rapid detection of traces of polynitroaromatic compounds such as trinitrotoluene by aerosol irrigation of the surfaces of objects;

identification of spills (spills), contamination and surface cleanliness of containers used for the transport of explosives based on polynitroaromatic compounds such as trinitrotoluene;

quality control of washing surfaces of objects from traces of polynitroaromatic compounds such as trinitrotoluene.

The proposed technical solution is industrially applicable, since standard equipment and widespread materials and chemical reagents can be used for its implementation.

Claims (1)

A method of complex processing of objects using a combined indicator composition, which is a water-alcohol solution of alkylbenzenesulfonate, a nonionic surfactant, organic acid, anticorrosive substance and complexing agent, characterized in that for the simultaneous complex decontamination, disinfection of object surfaces and rapid detection on surfaces of traces of explosives based on trinitrotoluene produce aerosol spraying on the anal the measured surface of the combined indicator composition, including the following components in the ratio, wt.%:
benzalkonium chloride 24.3-31.6 alkyldimethylamine 1,0 alkylbenzenesulfonate 5.5-7.2 formaldehyde 0.8-1.1 ethanol 1.8-5.2 nonionic surfactant (OP-7) 0.4-1.7 lemon acid 0.4-2.2 orthophosphoric acid 0.4-1.2 dithizon 0.03-0.09 water up to 100%
moreover, aerosol spraying of the combined indicator composition to this surface is carried out from 10-20 cm from the leeward side with a fine aerosol with a consumption of the combined indicator composition of 0.4-0.6 l / m ² , the presence of traces of explosives based on trinitrotoluene is determined by the appearance after 5 -6 min characteristic brown staining, not fading for a long time, and the exposure time of the combined indicator composition on the surface to ensure decontamination and disinfection at least 0.6 hours